llama : remove memory_f16 and kv_f16 flags

cuda : add comment
metal : use mm kernel only for quantum KV cache
2026-04-16 16:27:32 +03:00 · 2023-12-05 18:18:16 +02:00 · 2023-12-05 18:15:51 +02:00 · 2023-12-05 18:14:04 +02:00 · 2023-12-05 16:32:53 +01:00 · 2023-12-05 16:47:34 +02:00
141 changed files with 10318 additions and 25586 deletions
--- a/.devops/full-cuda.Dockerfile
+++ b/.devops/full-cuda.Dockerfile
@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@ ARG CUDA_DOCKER_ARCH=all
 RUN apt-get update && \
    apt-get install -y build-essential python3 python3-pip git

-COPY requirements.txt   requirements.txt
-COPY requirements       requirements
+COPY requirements.txt requirements.txt

 RUN pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel \
    && pip install -r requirements.txt
--- a/.devops/full-rocm.Dockerfile
+++ b/.devops/full-rocm.Dockerfile
@@ -23,8 +23,7 @@ ARG ROCM_DOCKER_ARCH=\
    gfx1101 \
    gfx1102

-COPY requirements.txt   requirements.txt
-COPY requirements       requirements
+COPY requirements.txt requirements.txt

 RUN pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel \
    && pip install -r requirements.txt
--- a/.devops/full.Dockerfile
+++ b/.devops/full.Dockerfile
@@ -5,8 +5,7 @@ FROM ubuntu:$UBUNTU_VERSION as build
 RUN apt-get update && \
    apt-get install -y build-essential python3 python3-pip git

-COPY requirements.txt   requirements.txt
-COPY requirements       requirements
+COPY requirements.txt requirements.txt

 RUN pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel \
    && pip install -r requirements.txt
--- a/.devops/main-rocm.Dockerfile
+++ b/.devops/main-rocm.Dockerfile
@@ -23,8 +23,7 @@ ARG ROCM_DOCKER_ARCH=\
    gfx1101 \
    gfx1102

-COPY requirements.txt   requirements.txt
-COPY requirements       requirements
+COPY requirements.txt requirements.txt

 RUN pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel \
    && pip install -r requirements.txt
--- a/.devops/nix/apps.nix
+++ b/.devops/nix/apps.nix
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-{
-  perSystem =
-    { config, lib, ... }:
-    {
-      apps =
-        let
-          inherit (config.packages) default;
-          binaries = [
-            "llama"
-            "llama-embedding"
-            "llama-server"
-            "quantize"
-            "train-text-from-scratch"
-          ];
-          mkApp = name: {
-            type = "app";
-            program = "${default}/bin/${name}";
-          };
-        in
-        lib.genAttrs binaries mkApp;
-    };
-}
--- a/.devops/nix/devshells.nix
+++ b/.devops/nix/devshells.nix
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-{
-  perSystem =
-    { config, lib, ... }:
-    {
-      devShells =
-        lib.concatMapAttrs
-          (name: package: {
-            ${name} = package.passthru.shell;
-            ${name + "-extra"} = package.passthru.shell-extra;
-          })
-          config.packages;
-    };
-}
--- a/.devops/nix/jetson-support.nix
+++ b/.devops/nix/jetson-support.nix
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-{ inputs, ... }:
-{
-  perSystem =
-    {
-      config,
-      system,
-      lib,
-      pkgsCuda,
-      ...
-    }:
-    {
-      legacyPackages =
-        let
-          caps.llamaPackagesXavier = "7.2";
-          caps.llamaPackagesOrin = "8.7";
-          caps.llamaPackagesTX2 = "6.2";
-          caps.llamaPackagesNano = "5.3";
-
-          pkgsFor =
-            cap:
-            import inputs.nixpkgs {
-              inherit system;
-              config = {
-                cudaSupport = true;
-                cudaCapabilities = [ cap ];
-                cudaEnableForwardCompat = false;
-                inherit (pkgsCuda.config) allowUnfreePredicate;
-              };
-            };
-        in
-        builtins.mapAttrs (name: cap: (pkgsFor cap).callPackage ./scope.nix { }) caps;
-
-      packages = lib.optionalAttrs (system == "aarch64-linux") {
-        jetson-xavier = config.legacyPackages.llamaPackagesXavier.llama-cpp;
-        jetson-orin = config.legacyPackages.llamaPackagesOrin.llama-cpp;
-        jetson-nano = config.legacyPackages.llamaPackagesNano.llama-cpp;
-      };
-    };
-}
--- a/.devops/nix/nixpkgs-instances.nix
+++ b/.devops/nix/nixpkgs-instances.nix
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-{ inputs, ... }:
-{
-  # The _module.args definitions are passed on to modules as arguments. E.g.
-  # the module `{ pkgs ... }: { /* config */ }` implicitly uses
-  # `_module.args.pkgs` (defined in this case by flake-parts).
-  perSystem =
-    { system, ... }:
-    {
-      _module.args = {
-        pkgsCuda = import inputs.nixpkgs {
-          inherit system;
-          # Ensure dependencies use CUDA consistently (e.g. that openmpi, ucc,
-          # and ucx are built with CUDA support)
-          config.cudaSupport = true;
-          config.allowUnfreePredicate =
-            p:
-            builtins.all
-              (
-                license:
-                license.free
-                || builtins.elem license.shortName [
-                  "CUDA EULA"
-                  "cuDNN EULA"
-                ]
-              )
-              (p.meta.licenses or [ p.meta.license ]);
-        };
-        # Ensure dependencies use ROCm consistently
-        pkgsRocm = import inputs.nixpkgs {
-          inherit system;
-          config.rocmSupport = true;
-        };
-      };
-    };
-}
--- a/.devops/nix/package.nix
+++ b/.devops/nix/package.nix
@@ -1,265 +0,0 @@
-{
-  lib,
-  config,
-  stdenv,
-  mkShell,
-  cmake,
-  ninja,
-  pkg-config,
-  git,
-  python3,
-  mpi,
-  openblas, # TODO: Use the generic `blas` so users could switch between alternative implementations
-  cudaPackages,
-  darwin,
-  rocmPackages,
-  clblast,
-  useBlas ? builtins.all (x: !x) [
-    useCuda
-    useMetalKit
-    useOpenCL
-    useRocm
-  ],
-  useCuda ? config.cudaSupport,
-  useMetalKit ? stdenv.isAarch64 && stdenv.isDarwin && !useOpenCL,
-  useMpi ? false, # Increases the runtime closure size by ~700M
-  useOpenCL ? false,
-  useRocm ? config.rocmSupport,
-  llamaVersion ? "0.0.0", # Arbitrary version, substituted by the flake
-}@inputs:
-
-let
-  inherit (lib)
-    cmakeBool
-    cmakeFeature
-    optionals
-    strings
-    versionOlder
-    ;
-
-  # It's necessary to consistently use backendStdenv when building with CUDA support,
-  # otherwise we get libstdc++ errors downstream.
-  stdenv = throw "Use effectiveStdenv instead";
-  effectiveStdenv = if useCuda then cudaPackages.backendStdenv else inputs.stdenv;
-
-  suffices =
-    lib.optionals useBlas [ "BLAS" ]
-    ++ lib.optionals useCuda [ "CUDA" ]
-    ++ lib.optionals useMetalKit [ "MetalKit" ]
-    ++ lib.optionals useMpi [ "MPI" ]
-    ++ lib.optionals useOpenCL [ "OpenCL" ]
-    ++ lib.optionals useRocm [ "ROCm" ];
-
-  pnameSuffix =
-    strings.optionalString (suffices != [ ])
-      "-${strings.concatMapStringsSep "-" strings.toLower suffices}";
-  descriptionSuffix =
-    strings.optionalString (suffices != [ ])
-      ", accelerated with ${strings.concatStringsSep ", " suffices}";
-
-  # TODO: package the Python in this repository in a Nix-like way.
-  # It'd be nice to migrate to buildPythonPackage, as well as ensure this repo
-  # is PEP 517-compatible, and ensure the correct .dist-info is generated.
-  # https://peps.python.org/pep-0517/
-  llama-python = python3.withPackages (
-    ps: [
-      ps.numpy
-      ps.sentencepiece
-    ]
-  );
-
-  # TODO(Green-Sky): find a better way to opt-into the heavy ml python runtime
-  llama-python-extra = python3.withPackages (
-    ps: [
-      ps.numpy
-      ps.sentencepiece
-      ps.torchWithoutCuda
-      ps.transformers
-    ]
-  );
-
-  # apple_sdk is supposed to choose sane defaults, no need to handle isAarch64
-  # separately
-  darwinBuildInputs =
-    with darwin.apple_sdk.frameworks;
-    [
-      Accelerate
-      CoreVideo
-      CoreGraphics
-    ]
-    ++ optionals useMetalKit [ MetalKit ];
-
-  cudaBuildInputs = with cudaPackages; [
-    cuda_cccl.dev # <nv/target>
-
-    # A temporary hack for reducing the closure size, remove once cudaPackages
-    # have stopped using lndir: https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/271792
-    cuda_cudart.dev
-    cuda_cudart.lib
-    cuda_cudart.static
-    libcublas.dev
-    libcublas.lib
-    libcublas.static
-  ];
-
-  rocmBuildInputs = with rocmPackages; [
-    clr
-    hipblas
-    rocblas
-  ];
-in
-
-effectiveStdenv.mkDerivation (
-  finalAttrs: {
-    pname = "llama-cpp${pnameSuffix}";
-    version = llamaVersion;
-
-    src = lib.cleanSourceWith {
-      filter =
-        name: type:
-        !(builtins.any (_: _) [
-          (lib.hasSuffix ".nix" name) # Ignore *.nix files when computing outPaths
-          (name == "README.md") # Ignore *.md changes whe computing outPaths
-          (lib.hasPrefix "." name) # Skip hidden files and directories
-        ]);
-      src = lib.cleanSource ../../.;
-    };
-
-    postPatch = ''
-      substituteInPlace ./ggml-metal.m \
-        --replace '[bundle pathForResource:@"ggml-metal" ofType:@"metal"];' "@\"$out/bin/ggml-metal.metal\";"
-
-      # TODO: Package up each Python script or service appropriately.
-      # If we were to migrate to buildPythonPackage and prepare the `pyproject.toml`,
-      # we could make those *.py into setuptools' entrypoints
-      substituteInPlace ./*.py --replace "/usr/bin/env python" "${llama-python}/bin/python"
-    '';
-
-    nativeBuildInputs =
-      [
-        cmake
-        ninja
-        pkg-config
-        git
-      ]
-      ++ optionals useCuda [
-        cudaPackages.cuda_nvcc
-
-        # TODO: Replace with autoAddDriverRunpath
-        # once https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/275241 has been merged
-        cudaPackages.autoAddOpenGLRunpathHook
-      ];
-
-    buildInputs =
-      optionals effectiveStdenv.isDarwin darwinBuildInputs
-      ++ optionals useCuda cudaBuildInputs
-      ++ optionals useMpi [ mpi ]
-      ++ optionals useOpenCL [ clblast ]
-      ++ optionals useRocm rocmBuildInputs;
-
-    cmakeFlags =
-      [
-        (cmakeBool "LLAMA_NATIVE" true)
-        (cmakeBool "LLAMA_BUILD_SERVER" true)
-        (cmakeBool "BUILD_SHARED_LIBS" true)
-        (cmakeBool "CMAKE_SKIP_BUILD_RPATH" true)
-        (cmakeBool "LLAMA_BLAS" useBlas)
-        (cmakeBool "LLAMA_CLBLAST" useOpenCL)
-        (cmakeBool "LLAMA_CUBLAS" useCuda)
-        (cmakeBool "LLAMA_HIPBLAS" useRocm)
-        (cmakeBool "LLAMA_METAL" useMetalKit)
-        (cmakeBool "LLAMA_MPI" useMpi)
-      ]
-      ++ optionals useCuda [
-        (
-          with cudaPackages.flags;
-          cmakeFeature "CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES" (
-            builtins.concatStringsSep ";" (map dropDot cudaCapabilities)
-          )
-        )
-      ]
-      ++ optionals useRocm [
-        (cmakeFeature "CMAKE_C_COMPILER" "hipcc")
-        (cmakeFeature "CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER" "hipcc")
-
-        # Build all targets supported by rocBLAS. When updating search for TARGET_LIST_ROCM
-        # in https://github.com/ROCmSoftwarePlatform/rocBLAS/blob/develop/CMakeLists.txt
-        # and select the line that matches the current nixpkgs version of rocBLAS.
-        # Should likely use `rocmPackages.clr.gpuTargets`.
-        "-DAMDGPU_TARGETS=gfx803;gfx900;gfx906:xnack-;gfx908:xnack-;gfx90a:xnack+;gfx90a:xnack-;gfx940;gfx941;gfx942;gfx1010;gfx1012;gfx1030;gfx1100;gfx1101;gfx1102"
-      ]
-      ++ optionals useMetalKit [ (lib.cmakeFeature "CMAKE_C_FLAGS" "-D__ARM_FEATURE_DOTPROD=1") ]
-      ++ optionals useBlas [ (lib.cmakeFeature "LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR" "OpenBLAS") ];
-
-    # TODO(SomeoneSerge): It's better to add proper install targets at the CMake level,
-    # if they haven't been added yet.
-    postInstall = ''
-      mv $out/bin/main $out/bin/llama
-      mv $out/bin/server $out/bin/llama-server
-      mkdir -p $out/include
-      cp $src/llama.h $out/include/
-    '';
-
-    # Define the shells here, but don't add in the inputsFrom to avoid recursion.
-    passthru = {
-      inherit
-        useBlas
-        useCuda
-        useMetalKit
-        useMpi
-        useOpenCL
-        useRocm
-        ;
-
-      shell = mkShell {
-        name = "shell-${finalAttrs.finalPackage.name}";
-        description = "contains numpy and sentencepiece";
-        buildInputs = [ llama-python ];
-        inputsFrom = [ finalAttrs.finalPackage ];
-      };
-
-      shell-extra = mkShell {
-        name = "shell-extra-${finalAttrs.finalPackage.name}";
-        description = "contains numpy, sentencepiece, torchWithoutCuda, and transformers";
-        buildInputs = [ llama-python-extra ];
-        inputsFrom = [ finalAttrs.finalPackage ];
-      };
-    };
-
-    meta = {
-      # Configurations we don't want even the CI to evaluate. Results in the
-      # "unsupported platform" messages. This is mostly a no-op, because
-      # cudaPackages would've refused to evaluate anyway.
-      badPlatforms = optionals (useCuda || useOpenCL) lib.platforms.darwin;
-
-      # Configurations that are known to result in build failures. Can be
-      # overridden by importing Nixpkgs with `allowBroken = true`.
-      broken = (useMetalKit && !effectiveStdenv.isDarwin);
-
-      description = "Inference of LLaMA model in pure C/C++${descriptionSuffix}";
-      homepage = "https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/";
-      license = lib.licenses.mit;
-
-      # Accommodates `nix run` and `lib.getExe`
-      mainProgram = "llama";
-
-      # These people might respond, on the best effort basis, if you ping them
-      # in case of Nix-specific regressions or for reviewing Nix-specific PRs.
-      # Consider adding yourself to this list if you want to ensure this flake
-      # stays maintained and you're willing to invest your time. Do not add
-      # other people without their consent. Consider removing people after
-      # they've been unreachable for long periods of time.
-
-      # Note that lib.maintainers is defined in Nixpkgs, but you may just add
-      # an attrset following the same format as in
-      # https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/f36a80e54da29775c78d7eff0e628c2b4e34d1d7/maintainers/maintainer-list.nix
-      maintainers = with lib.maintainers; [
-        philiptaron
-        SomeoneSerge
-      ];
-
-      # Extend `badPlatforms` instead
-      platforms = lib.platforms.all;
-    };
-  }
-)
--- a/.devops/nix/scope.nix
+++ b/.devops/nix/scope.nix
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-{
-  lib,
-  newScope,
-  llamaVersion ? "0.0.0",
-}:
-
-lib.makeScope newScope (
-  self: {
-    inherit llamaVersion;
-    llama-cpp = self.callPackage ./package.nix { };
-  }
-)
--- a/.editorconfig
+++ b/.editorconfig
@@ -15,14 +15,8 @@ indent_size = 4
 [Makefile]
 indent_style = tab

-[scripts/*.mk]
-indent_style = tab
-
 [prompts/*.txt]
 insert_final_newline = unset

 [examples/server/public/*]
 indent_size = 2
-
-[examples/llama.swiftui/llama.swiftui.xcodeproj/*]
-indent_style = tab
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug.md
@@ -6,4 +6,179 @@ assignees: ''

 ---

-Please include information about your system, the steps to reproduce the bug, and the version of llama.cpp that you are using. If possible, please provide a minimal code example that reproduces the bug.
+# Prerequisites
+
+Please answer the following questions for yourself before submitting an issue.
+
+- [ ] I am running the latest code. Development is very rapid so there are no tagged versions as of now.
+- [ ] I carefully followed the [README.md](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/blob/master/README.md).
+- [ ] I [searched using keywords relevant to my issue](https://docs.github.com/en/issues/tracking-your-work-with-issues/filtering-and-searching-issues-and-pull-requests) to make sure that I am creating a new issue that is not already open (or closed).
+- [ ] I reviewed the [Discussions](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/discussions), and have a new bug or useful enhancement to share.
+
+# Expected Behavior
+
+Please provide a detailed written description of what you were trying to do, and what you expected `llama.cpp` to do.
+
+# Current Behavior
+
+Please provide a detailed written description of what `llama.cpp` did, instead.
+
+# Environment and Context
+
+Please provide detailed information about your computer setup. This is important in case the issue is not reproducible except for under certain specific conditions.
+
+* Physical (or virtual) hardware you are using, e.g. for Linux:
+
+`$ lscpu`
+
+* Operating System, e.g. for Linux:
+
+`$ uname -a`
+
+* SDK version, e.g. for Linux:
+
+```
+$ python3 --version
+$ make --version
+$ g++ --version
+```
+
+# Failure Information (for bugs)
+
+Please help provide information about the failure / bug.
+
+# Steps to Reproduce
+
+Please provide detailed steps for reproducing the issue. We are not sitting in front of your screen, so the more detail the better.
+
+1. step 1
+2. step 2
+3. step 3
+4. etc.
+
+# Failure Logs
+
+Please include any relevant log snippets or files. If it works under one configuration but not under another, please provide logs for both configurations and their corresponding outputs so it is easy to see where behavior changes.
+
+Also, please try to **avoid using screenshots** if at all possible. Instead, copy/paste the console output and use [Github's markdown](https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/getting-started-with-writing-and-formatting-on-github/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax) to cleanly format your logs for easy readability.
+
+Example environment info:
+```
+llama.cpp$ git log | head -1
+commit 2af23d30434a677c6416812eea52ccc0af65119c
+
+llama.cpp$ lscpu | egrep "AMD|Flags"
+Vendor ID:                       AuthenticAMD
+Model name:                      AMD Ryzen Threadripper 1950X 16-Core Processor
+Flags:                           fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl nonstop_tsc cpuid extd_apicid amd_dcm aperfmperf rapl pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw skinit wdt tce topoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb bpext perfctr_llc mwaitx cpb hw_pstate ssbd ibpb vmmcall fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 rdseed adx smap clflushopt sha_ni xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves clzero irperf xsaveerptr arat npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold avic v_vmsave_vmload vgif overflow_recov succor smca sme sev
+Virtualization:                  AMD-V
+
+llama.cpp$ python3 --version
+Python 3.10.9
+
+llama.cpp$ pip list | egrep "torch|numpy|sentencepiece"
+numpy                         1.24.2
+numpydoc                      1.5.0
+sentencepiece                 0.1.97
+torch                         1.13.1
+torchvision                   0.14.1
+
+llama.cpp$ make --version | head -1
+GNU Make 4.3
+
+$ md5sum ./models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin
+dbdd682cce80e2d6e93cefc7449df487  ./models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin
+```
+
+Example run with the Linux command [perf](https://www.brendangregg.com/perf.html)
+```
+llama.cpp$ perf stat ./main -m ./models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin -t 16 -n 1024 -p "Please close your issue when it has been answered."
+main: seed = 1679149377
+llama_model_load: loading model from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin' - please wait ...
+llama_model_load: n_vocab = 32000
+llama_model_load: n_ctx   = 512
+llama_model_load: n_embd  = 8192
+llama_model_load: n_mult  = 256
+llama_model_load: n_head  = 64
+llama_model_load: n_layer = 80
+llama_model_load: n_rot   = 128
+llama_model_load: f16     = 2
+llama_model_load: n_ff    = 22016
+llama_model_load: n_parts = 8
+llama_model_load: ggml ctx size = 41477.73 MB
+llama_model_load: memory_size =  2560.00 MB, n_mem = 40960
+llama_model_load: loading model part 1/8 from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin'
+llama_model_load: .......................................................................................... done
+llama_model_load: model size =  4869.09 MB / num tensors = 723
+llama_model_load: loading model part 2/8 from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin.1'
+llama_model_load: .......................................................................................... done
+llama_model_load: model size =  4869.09 MB / num tensors = 723
+llama_model_load: loading model part 3/8 from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin.2'
+llama_model_load: .......................................................................................... done
+llama_model_load: model size =  4869.09 MB / num tensors = 723
+llama_model_load: loading model part 4/8 from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin.3'
+llama_model_load: .......................................................................................... done
+llama_model_load: model size =  4869.09 MB / num tensors = 723
+llama_model_load: loading model part 5/8 from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin.4'
+llama_model_load: .......................................................................................... done
+llama_model_load: model size =  4869.09 MB / num tensors = 723
+llama_model_load: loading model part 6/8 from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin.5'
+llama_model_load: .......................................................................................... done
+llama_model_load: model size =  4869.09 MB / num tensors = 723
+llama_model_load: loading model part 7/8 from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin.6'
+llama_model_load: .......................................................................................... done
+llama_model_load: model size =  4869.09 MB / num tensors = 723
+llama_model_load: loading model part 8/8 from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin.7'
+llama_model_load: .......................................................................................... done
+llama_model_load: model size =  4869.09 MB / num tensors = 723
+
+system_info: n_threads = 16 / 32 | AVX = 1 | AVX2 = 1 | AVX512 = 0 | FMA = 1 | NEON = 0 | ARM_FMA = 0 | F16C = 1 | FP16_VA = 0 | WASM_SIMD = 0 | BLAS = 0 | SSE3 = 1 | VSX = 0 |
+
+main: prompt: 'Please close your issue when it has been answered.'
+main: number of tokens in prompt = 11
+     1 -> ''
+ 12148 -> 'Please'
+  3802 -> ' close'
+   596 -> ' your'
+  2228 -> ' issue'
+   746 -> ' when'
+   372 -> ' it'
+   756 -> ' has'
+  1063 -> ' been'
+  7699 -> ' answered'
+ 29889 -> '.'
+
+sampling parameters: temp = 0.800000, top_k = 40, top_p = 0.950000, repeat_last_n = 64, repeat_penalty = 1.300000
+
+
+Please close your issue when it has been answered.
+@duncan-donut: I'm trying to figure out what kind of "support" you need for this script and why, exactly? Is there a question about how the code works that hasn't already been addressed in one or more comments below this ticket, or are we talking something else entirely like some sorta bugfixing job because your server setup is different from mine??
+I can understand if your site needs to be running smoothly and you need help with a fix of sorts but there should really be nothing wrong here that the code itself could not handle. And given that I'm getting reports about how it works perfectly well on some other servers, what exactly are we talking? A detailed report will do wonders in helping us get this resolved for ya quickly so please take your time and describe the issue(s) you see as clearly & concisely as possible!!
+@duncan-donut: I'm not sure if you have access to cPanel but you could try these instructions. It is worth a shot! Let me know how it goes (or what error message, exactly!) when/if ya give that code a go? [end of text]
+
+
+main: mem per token = 71159620 bytes
+main:     load time = 19309.95 ms
+main:   sample time =   168.62 ms
+main:  predict time = 223895.61 ms / 888.47 ms per token
+main:    total time = 246406.42 ms
+
+ Performance counter stats for './main -m ./models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin -t 16 -n 1024 -p Please close your issue when it has been answered.':
+
+        3636882.89 msec task-clock                #   14.677 CPUs utilized
+             13509      context-switches          #    3.714 /sec
+              2436      cpu-migrations            #    0.670 /sec
+          10476679      page-faults               #    2.881 K/sec
+    13133115082869      cycles                    #    3.611 GHz                      (16.77%)
+       29314462753      stalled-cycles-frontend   #    0.22% frontend cycles idle     (16.76%)
+    10294402631459      stalled-cycles-backend    #   78.39% backend cycles idle      (16.74%)
+    23479217109614      instructions              #    1.79  insn per cycle
+                                                  #    0.44  stalled cycles per insn  (16.76%)
+     2353072268027      branches                  #  647.002 M/sec                    (16.77%)
+        1998682780      branch-misses             #    0.08% of all branches          (16.76%)
+
+     247.802177522 seconds time elapsed
+
+    3618.573072000 seconds user
+      18.491698000 seconds sys
+```
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -143,9 +143,6 @@ jobs:
          cd build
          ctest --verbose

-  # TODO: build with LLAMA_NO_METAL because test-backend-ops fail on "Apple Paravirtual device" and I don't know
-  #       how to debug it.
-  #       ref: https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/actions/runs/7131777249/job/19420981052#step:5:1124
  macOS-latest-make:
    runs-on: macos-latest

@@ -163,18 +160,14 @@ jobs:
      - name: Build
        id: make_build
        run: |
-          LLAMA_NO_METAL=1 make -j $(sysctl -n hw.logicalcpu)
+          make -j $(sysctl -n hw.logicalcpu)

      - name: Test
        id: make_test
        run: |
-          LLAMA_NO_METAL=1 make tests -j $(sysctl -n hw.logicalcpu)
-          LLAMA_NO_METAL=1 make test  -j $(sysctl -n hw.logicalcpu)
+          make tests -j $(sysctl -n hw.logicalcpu)
+          make test -j $(sysctl -n hw.logicalcpu)

-  # TODO: build with LLAMA_METAL=OFF because test-backend-ops fail on "Apple Paravirtual device" and I don't know
-  #       how to debug it.
-  #       ref: https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/actions/runs/7132125951/job/19422043567?pr=4359#step:5:6584
-  #       would be great if we fix these
  macOS-latest-cmake:
    runs-on: macos-latest

@@ -195,7 +188,7 @@ jobs:
          sysctl -a
          mkdir build
          cd build
-          cmake -DLLAMA_METAL=OFF ..
+          cmake ..
          cmake --build . --config Release -j $(sysctl -n hw.logicalcpu)

      - name: Test
@@ -515,6 +508,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Build Xcode project
        run: xcodebuild -project examples/llama.swiftui/llama.swiftui.xcodeproj -scheme llama.swiftui -sdk iphoneos CODE_SIGNING_REQUIRED=NO CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY= -destination 'generic/platform=iOS' build

+
 #  freeBSD-latest:
 #    runs-on: macos-12
 #    steps:
--- a/.github/workflows/docker.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docker.yml
@@ -52,36 +52,6 @@ jobs:
          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

-      # https://github.com/jlumbroso/free-disk-space/tree/54081f138730dfa15788a46383842cd2f914a1be#example
-      - name: Free Disk Space (Ubuntu)
-        uses: jlumbroso/free-disk-space@main
-        with:
-          # this might remove tools that are actually needed,
-          # if set to "true" but frees about 6 GB
-          tool-cache: false
-
-          # all of these default to true, but feel free to set to
-          # "false" if necessary for your workflow
-          android: true
-          dotnet: true
-          haskell: true
-          large-packages: true
-          docker-images: true
-          swap-storage: true
-
-      - name: Determine tag name
-        id: tag
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          BUILD_NUMBER="$(git rev-list --count HEAD)"
-          SHORT_HASH="$(git rev-parse --short=7 HEAD)"
-          if [[ "${{ env.BRANCH_NAME }}" == "master" ]]; then
-            echo "name=b${BUILD_NUMBER}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          else
-            SAFE_NAME=$(echo "${{ env.BRANCH_NAME }}" | tr '/' '-')
-            echo "name=${SAFE_NAME}-b${BUILD_NUMBER}-${SHORT_HASH}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          fi
-
      - name: Build and push Docker image (versioned)
        if: github.event_name == 'push'
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v4
@@ -89,7 +59,7 @@ jobs:
          context: .
          push: true
          platforms: ${{ matrix.config.platforms }}
-          tags: "ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/llama.cpp:${{ matrix.config.tag }}-${{ env.COMMIT_SHA }}"
+          tags: "ghcr.io/ggerganov/llama.cpp:${{ matrix.config.tag }}-${{ env.COMMIT_SHA }}"
          file: ${{ matrix.config.dockerfile }}

      - name: Build and push Docker image (tagged)
@@ -98,5 +68,5 @@ jobs:
          context: .
          push: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' }}
          platforms: ${{ matrix.config.platforms }}
-          tags: "ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/llama.cpp:${{ matrix.config.tag }},ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/llama.cpp:${{ matrix.config.tag }}-${{ steps.tag.outputs.name }}"
+          tags: "ghcr.io/ggerganov/llama.cpp:${{ matrix.config.tag }}"
          file: ${{ matrix.config.dockerfile }}
--- a/.github/workflows/nix-ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/nix-ci.yml
@@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
-name: Nix CI
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch: # allows manual triggering
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - master
-    paths: ['.github/workflows/**', '**/CMakeLists.txt', '**/Makefile', '**/*.h', '**/*.hpp', '**/*.c', '**/*.cpp', '**/*.cu', '**/*.swift', '**/*.m', '**/*.sh', '**/*.py', '**/*.nix']
-  pull_request:
-    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened]
-    paths: ['**/CMakeLists.txt', '**/Makefile', '**/*.h', '**/*.hpp', '**/*.c', '**/*.cpp', '**/*.cu', '**/*.swift', '**/*.m', '**/*.sh', '**/*.py', '**/*.nix']
-
-jobs:
-  nix-eval:
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        os: [ ubuntu-latest, macos-latest ]
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
-    steps:
-    - name: Checkout repository
-      uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - name: Install Nix
-      uses: DeterminateSystems/nix-installer-action@v9
-      with:
-        github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-        extra-conf: |
-          extra-substituters = https://${{ vars.CACHIX_NAME }}.cachix.org https://cuda-maintainers.cachix.org
-          extra-trusted-public-keys = ${{ vars.CACHIX_PUBLIC_KEY }} cuda-maintainers.cachix.org-1:0dq3bujKpuEPMCX6U4WylrUDZ9JyUG0VpVZa7CNfq5E=
-    - uses: DeterminateSystems/magic-nix-cache-action@v2
-      with:
-        upstream-cache: https://${{ matrix.cachixName }}.cachix.org
-    - name: List all flake outputs
-      run: nix flake show --all-systems
-    - name: Show all output paths
-      run: >
-          nix run github:nix-community/nix-eval-jobs
-          -- --gc-roots-dir gcroot
-          --flake
-          ".#packages.$(nix eval --raw --impure --expr builtins.currentSystem)"
-  nix-build:
-    if: ${{ vars.CACHIX_NAME != '' }}
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        os: [ ubuntu-latest, macos-latest ]
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
-    steps:
-    - name: Checkout repository
-      uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - name: Install Nix
-      uses: DeterminateSystems/nix-installer-action@v9
-      with:
-        github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-        extra-conf: |
-          extra-substituters = https://${{ vars.CACHIX_NAME }}.cachix.org https://cuda-maintainers.cachix.org
-          extra-trusted-public-keys = ${{ vars.CACHIX_PUBLIC_KEY }} cuda-maintainers.cachix.org-1:0dq3bujKpuEPMCX6U4WylrUDZ9JyUG0VpVZa7CNfq5E=
-    - uses: DeterminateSystems/magic-nix-cache-action@v2
-      with:
-        upstream-cache: https://${{ matrix.cachixName }}.cachix.org
-    - name: Set-up cachix to push the results to
-      uses: cachix/cachix-action@v13
-      with:
-        authToken: '${{ secrets.CACHIX_AUTH_TOKEN }}'
-        name: ${{ vars.CACHIX_NAME }}
-    - name: Build
-      run: >
-          nix run github:Mic92/nix-fast-build
-          -- --skip-cached --no-nom
-          --flake
-          ".#checks.$(nix eval --raw --impure --expr builtins.currentSystem)"
-  nix-build-aarch64:
-    if: ${{ vars.CACHIX_NAME != '' }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - name: Checkout repository
-      uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - name: Install QEMU
-      # Copy-paste from https://github.com/orgs/community/discussions/8305#discussioncomment-5888654
-      run: |
-        sudo apt-get install -y qemu-user-static qemu-system-aarch64
-        sudo usermod -a -G kvm $USER
-    - name: Install Nix
-      uses: DeterminateSystems/nix-installer-action@v9
-      with:
-        github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-        extra-conf: |
-          extra-platforms = aarch64-linux
-          extra-system-features = nixos-test kvm
-          extra-substituters = https://${{ vars.CACHIX_NAME }}.cachix.org https://cuda-maintainers.cachix.org
-          extra-trusted-public-keys = ${{ vars.CACHIX_PUBLIC_KEY }} cuda-maintainers.cachix.org-1:0dq3bujKpuEPMCX6U4WylrUDZ9JyUG0VpVZa7CNfq5E=
-    - uses: DeterminateSystems/magic-nix-cache-action@v2
-      with:
-        upstream-cache: https://${{ matrix.cachixName }}.cachix.org
-    - name: Set-up cachix to push the results to
-      uses: cachix/cachix-action@v13
-      with:
-        authToken: '${{ secrets.CACHIX_AUTH_TOKEN }}'
-        name: ${{ vars.CACHIX_NAME }}
-    - name: Show all output paths
-      run: >
-          nix run github:nix-community/nix-eval-jobs
-          -- --gc-roots-dir gcroot
-          --flake
-          ".#packages.aarch64-linux"
-    - name: Build
-      run: >
-          nix run github:Mic92/nix-fast-build
-          -- --skip-cached --no-nom
-          --systems aarch64-linux
-          --flake
-          ".#checks.aarch64-linux"
--- a/.github/workflows/nix-flake-update.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/nix-flake-update.yml
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-name: update-flake-lock
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-  schedule:
-    - cron: '0 0 * * 0' # runs weekly on Sunday at 00:00
-
-jobs:
-  lockfile:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Install Nix
-        uses: DeterminateSystems/nix-installer-action@main
-      - name: Update flake.lock
-        uses: DeterminateSystems/update-flake-lock@main
-        with:
-          pr-title: "nix: update flake.lock"
-          pr-labels: |
-            nix
-          pr-reviewers: philiptaron,SomeoneSerge
-          token: ${{ secrets.FLAKE_TOKEN }}
--- a/.github/workflows/nix-publish-flake.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/nix-publish-flake.yml
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-# Make the flake discoverable on https://flakestry.dev and https://flakehub.com/flakes
-name: "Publish a flake to flakestry & flakehub"
-on:
-    push:
-        tags:
-        - "*"
-    workflow_dispatch:
-        inputs:
-            tag:
-                description: "The existing tag to publish"
-                type: "string"
-                required: true
-jobs:
-    flakestry-publish:
-        runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-        permissions:
-            id-token: "write"
-            contents: "read"
-        steps:
-            - uses: flakestry/flakestry-publish@main
-              with:
-                version: "${{ inputs.tag || github.ref_name }}"
-    flakehub-publish:
-      runs-on: "ubuntu-latest"
-      permissions:
-        id-token: "write"
-        contents: "read"
-      steps:
-        - uses: "actions/checkout@v4"
-          with:
-            ref: "${{ (inputs.tag != null) && format('refs/tags/{0}', inputs.tag) || '' }}"
-        - uses: "DeterminateSystems/nix-installer-action@main"
-        - uses: "DeterminateSystems/flakehub-push@main"
-          with:
-            visibility: "public"
-            tag: "${{ inputs.tag }}"
--- a/.github/workflows/python-check-requirements.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/python-check-requirements.yml
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-name: Python check requirements.txt
-
-on:
-  push:
-    paths:
-      - 'scripts/check-requirements.sh'
-      - 'convert*.py'
-      - 'requirements.txt'
-      - 'requirements/*.txt'
-  pull_request:
-    paths:
-      - 'scripts/check-requirements.sh'
-      - 'convert*.py'
-      - 'requirements.txt'
-      - 'requirements/*.txt'
-
-jobs:
-  python-check-requirements:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    name: check-requirements
-    steps:
-      - name: Check out source repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - name: Set up Python environment
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v4
-        with:
-          python-version: "3.11"
-      - name: Run check-requirements.sh script
-        run:  bash scripts/check-requirements.sh nocleanup
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -48,10 +48,8 @@ models-mnt
 /llama-bench
 /llava-cli
 /lookahead
-/lookup
 /main
 /metal
-/passkey
 /perplexity
 /q8dot
 /quantize
@@ -103,4 +101,3 @@ poetry.toml
 /tests/test-tokenizer-1-llama
 /tests/test-tokenizer-1-bpe
 /tests/test-rope
-/tests/test-backend-ops
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -91,17 +91,15 @@ set(LLAMA_CUDA_KQUANTS_ITER "2" CACHE STRING "llama: iters./thread per block for
 set(LLAMA_CUDA_PEER_MAX_BATCH_SIZE "128" CACHE STRING
                                             "llama: max. batch size for using peer access")
 option(LLAMA_HIPBLAS                         "llama: use hipBLAS"                               OFF)
-option(LLAMA_HIP_UMA                         "llama: use HIP unified memory architecture"       OFF)
 option(LLAMA_CLBLAST                         "llama: use CLBlast"                               OFF)
 option(LLAMA_METAL                           "llama: use Metal"                                 ${LLAMA_METAL_DEFAULT})
 option(LLAMA_METAL_NDEBUG                    "llama: disable Metal debugging"                   OFF)
-option(LLAMA_METAL_SHADER_DEBUG              "llama: compile Metal with -fno-fast-math"         OFF)
 option(LLAMA_MPI                             "llama: use MPI"                                   OFF)
 option(LLAMA_QKK_64                          "llama: use super-block size of 64 for k-quants"   OFF)

-option(LLAMA_BUILD_TESTS                     "llama: build tests"    ${LLAMA_STANDALONE})
-option(LLAMA_BUILD_EXAMPLES                  "llama: build examples" ${LLAMA_STANDALONE})
-option(LLAMA_BUILD_SERVER                    "llama: build server example"                      ON)
+option(LLAMA_BUILD_TESTS                "llama: build tests"    ${LLAMA_STANDALONE})
+option(LLAMA_BUILD_EXAMPLES             "llama: build examples" ${LLAMA_STANDALONE})
+option(LLAMA_BUILD_SERVER               "llama: build server example"                           ON)

 # Required for relocatable CMake package
 include(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts/build-info.cmake)
@@ -155,9 +153,9 @@ if (APPLE AND LLAMA_ACCELERATE)
 endif()

 if (LLAMA_METAL)
-    find_library(FOUNDATION_LIBRARY Foundation REQUIRED)
-    find_library(METAL_FRAMEWORK    Metal      REQUIRED)
-    find_library(METALKIT_FRAMEWORK MetalKit   REQUIRED)
+    find_library(FOUNDATION_LIBRARY         Foundation              REQUIRED)
+    find_library(METAL_FRAMEWORK            Metal                   REQUIRED)
+    find_library(METALKIT_FRAMEWORK         MetalKit                REQUIRED)

    message(STATUS "Metal framework found")
    set(GGML_HEADERS_METAL ggml-metal.h)
@@ -174,35 +172,6 @@ if (LLAMA_METAL)
    # copy ggml-metal.metal to bin directory
    configure_file(ggml-metal.metal ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/ggml-metal.metal COPYONLY)

-    if (LLAMA_METAL_SHADER_DEBUG)
-        # custom command to do the following:
-        #   xcrun -sdk macosx metal    -fno-fast-math -c ggml-metal.metal -o ggml-metal.air
-        #   xcrun -sdk macosx metallib                   ggml-metal.air   -o default.metallib
-        #
-        # note: this is the only way I found to disable fast-math in Metal. it's ugly, but at least it works
-        #       disabling fast math is needed in order to pass tests/test-backend-ops
-        # note: adding -fno-inline fixes the tests when using MTL_SHADER_VALIDATION=1
-        # note: unfortunately, we have to call it default.metallib instead of ggml.metallib
-        #       ref: https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp/issues/1720
-        set(XC_FLAGS -fno-fast-math -fno-inline -g)
-        if (LLAMA_QKK_64)
-            set(XC_FLAGS ${XC_FLAGS} -DQK_K=64)
-        endif()
-
-        add_custom_command(
-            OUTPUT ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/default.metallib
-            COMMAND xcrun -sdk macosx metal    ${XC_FLAGS} -c ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/ggml-metal.metal -o ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/ggml-metal.air
-            COMMAND xcrun -sdk macosx metallib                ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/ggml-metal.air   -o ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/default.metallib
-            DEPENDS ggml-metal.metal
-            COMMENT "Compiling Metal kernels"
-        )
-
-        add_custom_target(
-            ggml-metal ALL
-            DEPENDS ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/default.metallib
-        )
-    endif()
-
    set(LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS}
        ${FOUNDATION_LIBRARY}
        ${METAL_FRAMEWORK}
@@ -230,11 +199,7 @@ if (LLAMA_BLAS)
            if (${LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR} MATCHES "Generic")
                pkg_check_modules(DepBLAS REQUIRED blas)
            elseif (${LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR} MATCHES "OpenBLAS")
-                # As of openblas v0.3.22, the 64-bit is named openblas64.pc
-                pkg_check_modules(DepBLAS openblas64)
-                if (NOT DepBLAS_FOUND)
-                    pkg_check_modules(DepBLAS REQUIRED openblas)
-                endif()
+                pkg_check_modules(DepBLAS REQUIRED openblas)
            elseif (${LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR} MATCHES "FLAME")
                pkg_check_modules(DepBLAS REQUIRED blis)
            elseif (${LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR} MATCHES "ATLAS")
@@ -326,18 +291,11 @@ if (LLAMA_CUBLAS)
        add_compile_definitions(GGML_CUDA_PEER_MAX_BATCH_SIZE=${LLAMA_CUDA_PEER_MAX_BATCH_SIZE})

        if (LLAMA_STATIC)
-            if (WIN32)
-                # As of 12.3.1 CUDA Tookit for Windows does not offer a static cublas library
-                set(LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS} CUDA::cudart_static CUDA::cublas CUDA::cublasLt)
-            else ()
-                set(LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS} CUDA::cudart_static CUDA::cublas_static CUDA::cublasLt_static)
-            endif()
+            set(LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS} CUDA::cudart_static CUDA::cublas_static CUDA::cublasLt_static)
        else()
            set(LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS} CUDA::cudart CUDA::cublas CUDA::cublasLt)
        endif()

-        set(LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS} CUDA::cuda_driver)
-
    if (NOT DEFINED CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES)
        # 52 == lowest CUDA 12 standard
        # 60 == f16 CUDA intrinsics
@@ -414,9 +372,6 @@ if (LLAMA_HIPBLAS)
    if (${hipblas_FOUND} AND ${hip_FOUND})
        message(STATUS "HIP and hipBLAS found")
        add_compile_definitions(GGML_USE_HIPBLAS GGML_USE_CUBLAS)
-        if (LLAMA_HIP_UMA)
-            add_compile_definitions(GGML_HIP_UMA)
-        endif()
        add_library(ggml-rocm OBJECT ggml-cuda.cu ggml-cuda.h)
        if (BUILD_SHARED_LIBS)
            set_target_properties(ggml-rocm PROPERTIES POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON)
@@ -442,102 +397,57 @@ if (LLAMA_HIPBLAS)
    endif()
 endif()

-function(get_flags CCID CCVER)
-    set(C_FLAGS "")
-    set(CXX_FLAGS "")
-
-    if (CCID MATCHES "Clang")
-        set(C_FLAGS   -Wunreachable-code-break -Wunreachable-code-return)
-        set(CXX_FLAGS -Wunreachable-code-break -Wunreachable-code-return -Wmissing-prototypes -Wextra-semi)
-
-        if (
-            (CCID STREQUAL "Clang"      AND CCVER VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 3.8.0) OR
-            (CCID STREQUAL "AppleClang" AND CCVER VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 7.3.0)
-        )
-            set(C_FLAGS ${C_FLAGS} -Wdouble-promotion)
-        endif()
-    elseif (CCID STREQUAL "GNU")
-        set(C_FLAGS   -Wdouble-promotion)
-        set(CXX_FLAGS -Wno-array-bounds)
-
-        if (CCVER VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 7.1.0)
-            set(CXX_FLAGS ${CXX_FLAGS} -Wno-format-truncation)
-        endif()
-        if (CCVER VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 8.1.0)
-            set(CXX_FLAGS ${CXX_FLAGS} -Wextra-semi)
-        endif()
-    endif()
-
-    set(GF_C_FLAGS   ${C_FLAGS}   PARENT_SCOPE)
-    set(GF_CXX_FLAGS ${CXX_FLAGS} PARENT_SCOPE)
-endfunction()
-
 if (LLAMA_ALL_WARNINGS)
    if (NOT MSVC)
-        set(WARNING_FLAGS -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic -Wcast-qual -Wno-unused-function)
-        set(C_FLAGS       -Wshadow -Wstrict-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wmissing-prototypes
-                          -Werror=implicit-int -Werror=implicit-function-declaration)
-        set(CXX_FLAGS     -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-noreturn)
+        set(warning_flags -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic -Wcast-qual -Wno-unused-function)
+        set(c_flags -Wshadow -Wstrict-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wmissing-prototypes -Werror=implicit-int -Werror=implicit-function-declaration)
+        set(cxx_flags -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-noreturn)
+        set(host_cxx_flags "")

-        set(C_FLAGS   ${WARNING_FLAGS} ${C_FLAGS})
-        set(CXX_FLAGS ${WARNING_FLAGS} ${CXX_FLAGS})
+        if (CMAKE_C_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang")
+            set(warning_flags ${warning_flags} -Wunreachable-code-break -Wunreachable-code-return)
+            set(host_cxx_flags ${host_cxx_flags} -Wmissing-prototypes -Wextra-semi)

-        get_flags(${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID} ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION})
+            if (
+                (CMAKE_C_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "Clang"      AND CMAKE_C_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 3.8.0) OR
+                (CMAKE_C_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "AppleClang" AND CMAKE_C_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 7.3.0)
+            )
+                set(c_flags ${c_flags} -Wdouble-promotion)
+            endif()
+        elseif (CMAKE_C_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "GNU")
+            set(c_flags ${c_flags} -Wdouble-promotion)
+            set(host_cxx_flags ${host_cxx_flags} -Wno-array-bounds)

-        add_compile_options("$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:C>:${C_FLAGS};${GF_C_FLAGS}>"
-                            "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:${CXX_FLAGS};${GF_CXX_FLAGS}>")
+            if (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 7.1.0)
+                set(host_cxx_flags ${host_cxx_flags} -Wno-format-truncation)
+            endif()
+            if (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 8.1.0)
+                set(host_cxx_flags ${host_cxx_flags} -Wextra-semi)
+            endif()
+        endif()
    else()
        # todo : msvc
-        set(C_FLAGS   "")
-        set(CXX_FLAGS "")
    endif()
+
+    set(c_flags   ${c_flags}   ${warning_flags})
+    set(cxx_flags ${cxx_flags} ${warning_flags})
+    add_compile_options("$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:C>:${c_flags}>"
+                        "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:${cxx_flags}>"
+                        "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:${host_cxx_flags}>")
+
 endif()

-if (LLAMA_CUBLAS)
-    set(CUDA_FLAGS ${CXX_FLAGS} -use_fast_math)
-    if (NOT MSVC)
-        set(CUDA_FLAGS ${CUDA_FLAGS} -Wno-pedantic)
-    endif()
-
-    if (LLAMA_ALL_WARNINGS AND NOT MSVC)
-        set(NVCC_CMD ${CMAKE_CUDA_COMPILER} .c)
-        if (NOT CMAKE_CUDA_HOST_COMPILER STREQUAL "")
-            set(NVCC_CMD ${NVCC_CMD} -ccbin ${CMAKE_CUDA_HOST_COMPILER})
-        endif()
-
-        execute_process(
-            COMMAND ${NVCC_CMD} -Xcompiler --version
-            OUTPUT_VARIABLE CUDA_CCFULLVER
-            ERROR_QUIET
-        )
-
-        if (NOT CUDA_CCFULLVER MATCHES clang)
-            set(CUDA_CCID "GNU")
-            execute_process(
-                COMMAND ${NVCC_CMD} -Xcompiler "-dumpfullversion -dumpversion"
-                OUTPUT_VARIABLE CUDA_CCVER
-                ERROR_QUIET
-            )
-        else()
-            if (CUDA_CCFULLVER MATCHES Apple)
-                set(CUDA_CCID "AppleClang")
-            else()
-                set(CUDA_CCID "Clang")
-            endif()
-            string(REGEX REPLACE "^.* version ([0-9.]*).*$" "\\1" CUDA_CCVER ${CUDA_CCFULLVER})
-        endif()
-
-        message("-- CUDA host compiler is ${CUDA_CCID} ${CUDA_CCVER}")
-
-        get_flags(${CUDA_CCID} ${CUDA_CCVER})
-        list(JOIN GF_CXX_FLAGS " " CUDA_CXX_FLAGS)  # pass host compiler flags as a single argument
-        if (NOT CUDA_CXX_FLAGS STREQUAL "")
-            set(CUDA_FLAGS ${CUDA_FLAGS} -Xcompiler ${CUDA_CXX_FLAGS})
-        endif()
-    endif()
-
-    add_compile_options("$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>:${CUDA_FLAGS}>")
+if (NOT MSVC)
+    set(cuda_flags -Wno-pedantic)
 endif()
+set(cuda_flags ${cxx_flags} -use_fast_math ${cuda_flags})
+
+list(JOIN host_cxx_flags " " cuda_host_flags)  # pass host compiler flags as a single argument
+if (NOT cuda_host_flags STREQUAL "")
+    set(cuda_flags ${cuda_flags} -Xcompiler ${cuda_host_flags})
+endif()
+
+add_compile_options("$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>:${cuda_flags}>")

 if (WIN32)
    add_compile_definitions(_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS)
@@ -561,7 +471,6 @@ endif()
 execute_process(
    COMMAND ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER} ${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} -Wl,-v
    ERROR_VARIABLE output
-    OUTPUT_QUIET
 )
 if (output MATCHES "dyld-1015\.7")
    add_compile_definitions(HAVE_BUGGY_APPLE_LINKER)
@@ -684,11 +593,6 @@ else()
    message(STATUS "Unknown architecture")
 endif()

-if (MINGW)
-    # Target Windows 8 for PrefetchVirtualMemory
-    add_compile_definitions(_WIN32_WINNT=0x602)
-endif()
-
 #
 # POSIX conformance
 #
@@ -758,11 +662,11 @@ add_library(ggml OBJECT
            ggml-backend.h
            ggml-quants.c
            ggml-quants.h
-            ${GGML_SOURCES_CUDA}   ${GGML_HEADERS_CUDA}
+            ${GGML_SOURCES_CUDA} ${GGML_HEADERS_CUDA}
            ${GGML_SOURCES_OPENCL} ${GGML_HEADERS_OPENCL}
-            ${GGML_SOURCES_METAL}  ${GGML_HEADERS_METAL}
-            ${GGML_SOURCES_MPI}    ${GGML_HEADERS_MPI}
-            ${GGML_SOURCES_EXTRA}  ${GGML_HEADERS_EXTRA}
+            ${GGML_SOURCES_METAL} ${GGML_HEADERS_METAL}
+            ${GGML_SOURCES_MPI} ${GGML_HEADERS_MPI}
+            ${GGML_SOURCES_EXTRA} ${GGML_HEADERS_EXTRA}
            )

 target_include_directories(ggml PUBLIC . ${LLAMA_EXTRA_INCLUDES})
--- a/194
+++ b/194
@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 # Define the default target now so that it is always the first target
 BUILD_TARGETS = \
-	main quantize quantize-stats perplexity imatrix embedding vdot q8dot train-text-from-scratch convert-llama2c-to-ggml \
+	main quantize quantize-stats perplexity embedding vdot q8dot train-text-from-scratch convert-llama2c-to-ggml \
 	simple batched batched-bench save-load-state server gguf llama-bench libllava.a llava-cli baby-llama beam-search  \
-	speculative infill tokenize benchmark-matmult parallel finetune export-lora lookahead lookup passkey tests/test-c.o
+	speculative infill tokenize benchmark-matmult parallel finetune export-lora lookahead tests/test-c.o

 # Binaries only useful for tests
 TEST_TARGETS = \
 	tests/test-llama-grammar tests/test-grammar-parser tests/test-double-float tests/test-grad0 tests/test-opt \
 	tests/test-quantize-fns tests/test-quantize-perf tests/test-sampling tests/test-tokenizer-0-llama          \
-	tests/test-tokenizer-0-falcon tests/test-tokenizer-1-llama tests/test-tokenizer-1-bpe tests/test-rope      \
-	tests/test-backend-ops
+	tests/test-tokenizer-0-falcon tests/test-tokenizer-1-llama tests/test-tokenizer-1-bpe tests/test-rope

 # Code coverage output files
 COV_TARGETS = *.gcno tests/*.gcno *.gcda tests/*.gcda *.gcov tests/*.gcov lcov-report gcovr-report
@@ -26,6 +25,20 @@ ifndef UNAME_M
 UNAME_M := $(shell uname -m)
 endif

+ifeq '' '$(findstring clang,$(shell $(CC) --version))'
+	CC_IS_GCC=1
+	CC_VER := $(shell $(CC) -dumpfullversion -dumpversion | awk -F. '{ printf("%02d%02d%02d", $$1, $$2, $$3) }')
+else
+	CC_IS_CLANG=1
+	ifeq '' '$(findstring Apple,$(shell $(CC) --version))'
+		CC_IS_LLVM_CLANG=1
+	else
+		CC_IS_APPLE_CLANG=1
+	endif
+	CC_VER := $(shell $(CC) --version | sed -n 's/^.* version \([0-9.]*\).*$$/\1/p' \
+				| awk -F. '{ printf("%02d%02d%02d", $$1, $$2, $$3) }')
+endif
+
 # Mac OS + Arm can report x86_64
 # ref: https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp/issues/66#issuecomment-1282546789
 ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Darwin)
@@ -65,7 +78,7 @@ test: $(TEST_TARGETS)
 			./$$test_target; \
 		fi; \
 		if [ $$? -ne 0 ]; then \
-			printf 'Test %s FAILED!\n\n' $$test_target; \
+			printf 'Test $$test_target FAILED!\n\n' $$test_target; \
 			failures=$$(( failures + 1 )); \
 		else \
 			printf 'Test %s passed.\n\n' $$test_target; \
@@ -107,12 +120,12 @@ MK_CXXFLAGS = -std=c++11 -fPIC

 # -Ofast tends to produce faster code, but may not be available for some compilers.
 ifdef LLAMA_FAST
-MK_CFLAGS     += -Ofast
-HOST_CXXFLAGS += -Ofast
-MK_NVCCFLAGS  += -O3
+MK_CFLAGS        += -Ofast
+MK_HOST_CXXFLAGS += -Ofast
+MK_CUDA_CXXFLAGS += -O3
 else
-MK_CFLAGS     += -O3
-MK_CXXFLAGS   += -O3
+MK_CFLAGS        += -O3
+MK_CXXFLAGS      += -O3
 endif

 # clock_gettime came in POSIX.1b (1993)
@@ -206,6 +219,30 @@ MK_CFLAGS    += $(WARN_FLAGS) -Wshadow -Wstrict-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wmis
 				-Werror=implicit-function-declaration
 MK_CXXFLAGS  += $(WARN_FLAGS) -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-noreturn

+ifeq ($(CC_IS_CLANG), 1)
+	# clang options
+	MK_CFLAGS        += -Wunreachable-code-break -Wunreachable-code-return
+	MK_HOST_CXXFLAGS += -Wunreachable-code-break -Wunreachable-code-return -Wmissing-prototypes -Wextra-semi
+
+	ifneq '' '$(and $(CC_IS_LLVM_CLANG),$(filter 1,$(shell expr $(CC_VER) \>= 030800)))'
+		MK_CFLAGS += -Wdouble-promotion
+	endif
+	ifneq '' '$(and $(CC_IS_APPLE_CLANG),$(filter 1,$(shell expr $(CC_VER) \>= 070300)))'
+		MK_CFLAGS += -Wdouble-promotion
+	endif
+else
+	# gcc options
+	MK_CFLAGS        += -Wdouble-promotion
+	MK_HOST_CXXFLAGS += -Wno-array-bounds
+
+	ifeq ($(shell expr $(CC_VER) \>= 070100), 1)
+		MK_HOST_CXXFLAGS += -Wno-format-truncation
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(shell expr $(CC_VER) \>= 080100), 1)
+		MK_HOST_CXXFLAGS += -Wextra-semi
+	endif
+endif
+
 # this version of Apple ld64 is buggy
 ifneq '' '$(findstring dyld-1015.7,$(shell $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -Wl,-v 2>&1))'
 	MK_CPPFLAGS += -DHAVE_BUGGY_APPLE_LINKER
@@ -256,8 +293,8 @@ ifndef RISCV

 ifeq ($(UNAME_M),$(filter $(UNAME_M),x86_64 i686 amd64))
 	# Use all CPU extensions that are available:
-	MK_CFLAGS     += -march=native -mtune=native
-	HOST_CXXFLAGS += -march=native -mtune=native
+	MK_CFLAGS   += -march=native -mtune=native
+	MK_HOST_CXXFLAGS += -march=native -mtune=native

 	# Usage AVX-only
 	#MK_CFLAGS   += -mfma -mf16c -mavx
@@ -268,31 +305,19 @@ ifeq ($(UNAME_M),$(filter $(UNAME_M),x86_64 i686 amd64))
 	#MK_CXXFLAGS += -mssse3
 endif

+# The stack is only 16-byte aligned on Windows, so don't let gcc emit aligned moves.
+# https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54412
+# https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/issues/2922
 ifneq '' '$(findstring mingw,$(shell $(CC) -dumpmachine))'
-	# The stack is only 16-byte aligned on Windows, so don't let gcc emit aligned moves.
-	# https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54412
-	# https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/issues/2922
 	MK_CFLAGS   += -Xassembler -muse-unaligned-vector-move
 	MK_CXXFLAGS += -Xassembler -muse-unaligned-vector-move
-
-	# Target Windows 8 for PrefetchVirtualMemory
-	MK_CPPFLAGS += -D_WIN32_WINNT=0x602
 endif

 ifneq ($(filter aarch64%,$(UNAME_M)),)
 	# Apple M1, M2, etc.
 	# Raspberry Pi 3, 4, Zero 2 (64-bit)
-	# Nvidia Jetson
 	MK_CFLAGS   += -mcpu=native
 	MK_CXXFLAGS += -mcpu=native
-	JETSON_RELEASE_INFO = $(shell jetson_release)
-	ifdef JETSON_RELEASE_INFO
-		ifneq ($(filter TX2%,$(JETSON_RELEASE_INFO)),)
-			JETSON_EOL_MODULE_DETECT = 1
-			CC = aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc
-			cxx = aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-g++
-		endif
-	endif
 endif

 ifneq ($(filter armv6%,$(UNAME_M)),)
@@ -366,72 +391,64 @@ ifdef LLAMA_BLIS
 endif # LLAMA_BLIS

 ifdef LLAMA_CUBLAS
-	MK_CPPFLAGS  += -DGGML_USE_CUBLAS -I/usr/local/cuda/include -I/opt/cuda/include -I$(CUDA_PATH)/targets/x86_64-linux/include -I/usr/local/cuda/targets/aarch64-linux/include
-	MK_LDFLAGS   += -lcuda -lcublas -lculibos -lcudart -lcublasLt -lpthread -ldl -lrt -L/usr/local/cuda/lib64 -L/opt/cuda/lib64 -L$(CUDA_PATH)/targets/x86_64-linux/lib -L/usr/local/cuda/targets/aarch64-linux/lib -L/usr/lib/wsl/lib
+	MK_CPPFLAGS  += -DGGML_USE_CUBLAS -I/usr/local/cuda/include -I/opt/cuda/include -I$(CUDA_PATH)/targets/x86_64-linux/include
+	MK_LDFLAGS   += -lcublas -lculibos -lcudart -lcublasLt -lpthread -ldl -lrt -L/usr/local/cuda/lib64 -L/opt/cuda/lib64 -L$(CUDA_PATH)/targets/x86_64-linux/lib
 	OBJS         += ggml-cuda.o
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS  = -use_fast_math
-ifndef JETSON_EOL_MODULE_DETECT
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += --forward-unknown-to-host-compiler
-endif # JETSON_EOL_MODULE_DETECT
-ifdef LLAMA_DEBUG
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -lineinfo
-endif # LLAMA_DEBUG
+	NVCCFLAGS = --forward-unknown-to-host-compiler -use_fast_math
 ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_NVCC
 	NVCC = $(LLAMA_CUDA_NVCC)
 else
 	NVCC = nvcc
 endif #LLAMA_CUDA_NVCC
 ifdef CUDA_DOCKER_ARCH
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -Wno-deprecated-gpu-targets -arch=$(CUDA_DOCKER_ARCH)
-else ifndef CUDA_POWER_ARCH
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -arch=native
+	NVCCFLAGS += -Wno-deprecated-gpu-targets -arch=$(CUDA_DOCKER_ARCH)
+else ifdef CUDA_POWER_ARCH
+	NVCCFLAGS +=
+else
+	NVCCFLAGS += -arch=native
 endif # CUDA_DOCKER_ARCH
 ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_FORCE_DMMV
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_FORCE_DMMV
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_FORCE_DMMV
 endif # LLAMA_CUDA_FORCE_DMMV
 ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_FORCE_MMQ
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_FORCE_MMQ
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_FORCE_MMQ
 endif # LLAMA_CUDA_FORCE_MMQ
 ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_X
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_DMMV_X=$(LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_X)
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_DMMV_X=$(LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_X)
 else
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_DMMV_X=32
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_DMMV_X=32
 endif # LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_X
 ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_MMV_Y
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_MMV_Y=$(LLAMA_CUDA_MMV_Y)
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_MMV_Y=$(LLAMA_CUDA_MMV_Y)
 else ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_Y
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_MMV_Y=$(LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_Y) # for backwards compatibility
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_MMV_Y=$(LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_Y) # for backwards compatibility
 else
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_MMV_Y=1
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_MMV_Y=1
 endif # LLAMA_CUDA_MMV_Y
 ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_F16
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_F16
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_F16
 endif # LLAMA_CUDA_F16
 ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_F16
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_F16
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_F16
 endif # LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_F16
 ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_KQUANTS_ITER
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -DK_QUANTS_PER_ITERATION=$(LLAMA_CUDA_KQUANTS_ITER)
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DK_QUANTS_PER_ITERATION=$(LLAMA_CUDA_KQUANTS_ITER)
 else
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -DK_QUANTS_PER_ITERATION=2
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DK_QUANTS_PER_ITERATION=2
 endif
 ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_PEER_MAX_BATCH_SIZE
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_PEER_MAX_BATCH_SIZE=$(LLAMA_CUDA_PEER_MAX_BATCH_SIZE)
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_PEER_MAX_BATCH_SIZE=$(LLAMA_CUDA_PEER_MAX_BATCH_SIZE)
 else
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_PEER_MAX_BATCH_SIZE=128
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_PEER_MAX_BATCH_SIZE=128
 endif # LLAMA_CUDA_PEER_MAX_BATCH_SIZE
 #ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_CUBLAS
-#	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_CUBLAS
+#	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_CUBLAS
 #endif # LLAMA_CUDA_CUBLAS
 ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_CCBIN
-	MK_NVCCFLAGS += -ccbin $(LLAMA_CUDA_CCBIN)
+	NVCCFLAGS += -ccbin $(LLAMA_CUDA_CCBIN)
 endif
 ggml-cuda.o: ggml-cuda.cu ggml-cuda.h
-ifdef JETSON_EOL_MODULE_DETECT
-	$(NVCC) -I. -Icommon -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=600 -D_GNU_SOURCE -DNDEBUG -DGGML_USE_CUBLAS -I/usr/local/cuda/include -I/opt/cuda/include -I/usr/local/cuda/targets/aarch64-linux/include -std=c++11 -O3 $(NVCCFLAGS) -Xcompiler "$(CUDA_CXXFLAGS)" -c $< -o $@
-else
-	$(NVCC) $(BASE_CXXFLAGS) $(NVCCFLAGS) -Wno-pedantic -Xcompiler "$(CUDA_CXXFLAGS)" -c $< -o $@
-endif # JETSON_EOL_MODULE_DETECT
+	$(NVCC) $(NVCCFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
 endif # LLAMA_CUBLAS

 ifdef LLAMA_CLBLAST
@@ -453,22 +470,13 @@ ggml-opencl.o: ggml-opencl.cpp ggml-opencl.h
 endif # LLAMA_CLBLAST

 ifdef LLAMA_HIPBLAS
-
-	ifeq ($(wildcard /opt/rocm),)
-		ROCM_PATH	?= /usr
-		GPU_TARGETS ?= $(shell $(shell which amdgpu-arch))
-	else
-		ROCM_PATH	?= /opt/rocm
-		GPU_TARGETS ?= $(shell $(ROCM_PATH)/llvm/bin/amdgpu-arch)
-	endif
-	HIPCC                   ?= $(ROCM_PATH)/bin/hipcc
+	ROCM_PATH	?= /opt/rocm
+	HIPCC	    ?= $(ROCM_PATH)/bin/hipcc
+	GPU_TARGETS ?= $(shell $(ROCM_PATH)/llvm/bin/amdgpu-arch)
 	LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_X       ?= 32
 	LLAMA_CUDA_MMV_Y        ?= 1
 	LLAMA_CUDA_KQUANTS_ITER ?= 2
 	MK_CPPFLAGS += -DGGML_USE_HIPBLAS -DGGML_USE_CUBLAS
-ifdef LLAMA_HIP_UMA
-	MK_CPPFLAGS += -DGGML_HIP_UMA
-endif # LLAMA_HIP_UMA
 	MK_LDFLAGS  += -L$(ROCM_PATH)/lib -Wl,-rpath=$(ROCM_PATH)/lib
 	MK_LDFLAGS	+= -lhipblas -lamdhip64 -lrocblas
 	HIPFLAGS    += $(addprefix --offload-arch=,$(GPU_TARGETS))
@@ -502,22 +510,16 @@ ggml-mpi.o: ggml-mpi.c ggml-mpi.h
 	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
 endif # LLAMA_MPI

-GF_CC := $(CC)
-include scripts/get-flags.mk
-
 # combine build flags with cmdline overrides
-override CFLAGS    := $(MK_CPPFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(MK_CFLAGS) $(GF_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS)
-BASE_CXXFLAGS      := $(MK_CPPFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(MK_CXXFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS)
-override CXXFLAGS  := $(BASE_CXXFLAGS) $(HOST_CXXFLAGS) $(GF_CXXFLAGS)
-override NVCCFLAGS := $(MK_NVCCFLAGS) $(NVCCFLAGS)
-override LDFLAGS   := $(MK_LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS)
+override CFLAGS        := $(MK_CPPFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(MK_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS)
+override CXXFLAGS      := $(MK_CPPFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(MK_CXXFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS)
+override CUDA_CXXFLAGS := $(MK_CUDA_CXXFLAGS) $(CUDA_CXXFLAGS)
+override HOST_CXXFLAGS := $(MK_HOST_CXXFLAGS) $(HOST_CXXFLAGS)
+override LDFLAGS       := $(MK_LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS)

-# identify CUDA host compiler
-ifdef LLAMA_CUBLAS
-GF_CC := $(NVCC) $(NVCCFLAGS) 2>/dev/null .c -Xcompiler
-include scripts/get-flags.mk
-CUDA_CXXFLAGS := $(GF_CXXFLAGS)
-endif
+# save CXXFLAGS before we add host-only options
+NVCCFLAGS := $(NVCCFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $(CUDA_CXXFLAGS) -Wno-pedantic -Xcompiler "$(HOST_CXXFLAGS)"
+override CXXFLAGS += $(HOST_CXXFLAGS)

 #
 # Print build information
@@ -614,9 +616,6 @@ quantize-stats: examples/quantize-stats/quantize-stats.cpp    build-info.o ggml.
 perplexity: examples/perplexity/perplexity.cpp                ggml.o llama.o $(COMMON_DEPS) $(OBJS)
 	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)

-imatrix: examples/imatrix/imatrix.cpp                         ggml.o llama.o $(COMMON_DEPS) $(OBJS)
-	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
-
 embedding: examples/embedding/embedding.cpp                   ggml.o llama.o $(COMMON_DEPS) $(OBJS)
 	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)

@@ -626,7 +625,7 @@ save-load-state: examples/save-load-state/save-load-state.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(C
 server: examples/server/server.cpp examples/server/httplib.h examples/server/json.hpp examples/server/index.html.hpp examples/server/index.js.hpp examples/server/completion.js.hpp examples/llava/clip.cpp examples/llava/clip.h common/stb_image.h ggml.o llama.o $(COMMON_DEPS) grammar-parser.o $(OBJS)
 	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -Iexamples/server $(filter-out %.h,$(filter-out %.hpp,$^)) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) $(LWINSOCK2) -Wno-cast-qual

-gguf: examples/gguf/gguf.cpp ggml.o $(OBJS)
+gguf: examples/gguf/gguf.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(OBJS)
 	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)

 train-text-from-scratch: examples/train-text-from-scratch/train-text-from-scratch.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(COMMON_DEPS) train.o $(OBJS)
@@ -665,12 +664,6 @@ parallel: examples/parallel/parallel.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(COMMON_DEPS) $(OBJS)
 lookahead: examples/lookahead/lookahead.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(COMMON_DEPS) $(OBJS)
 	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)

-lookup: examples/lookup/lookup.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(COMMON_DEPS) $(OBJS)
-	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
-
-passkey: examples/passkey/passkey.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(COMMON_DEPS) $(OBJS)
-	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
-
 ifdef LLAMA_METAL
 metal: examples/metal/metal.cpp ggml.o $(OBJS)
 	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $^ -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
@@ -736,16 +729,16 @@ tests/test-quantize-perf: tests/test-quantize-perf.cpp ggml.o $(OBJS)
 tests/test-sampling: tests/test-sampling.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(OBJS)
 	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)

-tests/test-tokenizer-0-falcon: tests/test-tokenizer-0-falcon.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(COMMON_DEPS) console.o $(OBJS)
+tests/test-tokenizer-0-falcon: tests/test-tokenizer-0-falcon.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(COMMON_DEPS) $(OBJS)
 	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)

-tests/test-tokenizer-0-llama: tests/test-tokenizer-0-llama.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(COMMON_DEPS) console.o $(OBJS)
+tests/test-tokenizer-0-llama: tests/test-tokenizer-0-llama.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(COMMON_DEPS) $(OBJS)
 	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)

-tests/test-tokenizer-1-bpe: tests/test-tokenizer-1-bpe.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(COMMON_DEPS) console.o $(OBJS)
+tests/test-tokenizer-1-bpe: tests/test-tokenizer-1-bpe.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(COMMON_DEPS) $(OBJS)
 	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)

-tests/test-tokenizer-1-llama: tests/test-tokenizer-1-llama.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(COMMON_DEPS) console.o $(OBJS)
+tests/test-tokenizer-1-llama: tests/test-tokenizer-1-llama.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(COMMON_DEPS) $(OBJS)
 	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)

 tests/test-rope: tests/test-rope.cpp ggml.o $(OBJS)
@@ -753,6 +746,3 @@ tests/test-rope: tests/test-rope.cpp ggml.o $(OBJS)

 tests/test-c.o: tests/test-c.c llama.h
 	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@
-
-tests/test-backend-ops: tests/test-backend-ops.cpp ggml.o $(OBJS)
-	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
--- a/Package.swift
+++ b/Package.swift
@@ -2,41 +2,59 @@

 import PackageDescription

+#if arch(arm) || arch(arm64)
+let platforms: [SupportedPlatform]? = [
+    .macOS(.v12),
+    .iOS(.v14),
+    .watchOS(.v4),
+    .tvOS(.v14)
+]
+let exclude: [String] = []
+let resources: [Resource] = [
+    .process("ggml-metal.metal")
+]
+let additionalSources: [String] = ["ggml-metal.m"]
+let additionalSettings: [CSetting] = [
+    .unsafeFlags(["-fno-objc-arc"]),
+    .define("GGML_USE_METAL")
+]
+#else
+let platforms: [SupportedPlatform]? = nil
+let exclude: [String] = ["ggml-metal.metal"]
+let resources: [Resource] = []
+let additionalSources: [String] = []
+let additionalSettings: [CSetting] = []
+#endif
+
 let package = Package(
    name: "llama",
-    platforms: [
-        .macOS(.v12),
-        .iOS(.v14),
-        .watchOS(.v4),
-        .tvOS(.v14)
-    ],
+    platforms: platforms,
    products: [
        .library(name: "llama", targets: ["llama"]),
    ],
-    dependencies: [
-        .package(url: "https://github.com/ggerganov/ggml.git", .branch("release"))
-    ],
    targets: [
        .target(
            name: "llama",
-            dependencies: ["ggml"],
            path: ".",
-            exclude: ["ggml-metal.metal"],
+            exclude: exclude,
            sources: [
+                "ggml.c",
                "llama.cpp",
-            ],
+                "ggml-alloc.c",
+                "ggml-backend.c",
+                "ggml-quants.c",
+            ] + additionalSources,
+            resources: resources,
            publicHeadersPath: "spm-headers",
            cSettings: [
                .unsafeFlags(["-Wno-shorten-64-to-32", "-O3", "-DNDEBUG"]),
-                .define("GGML_USE_ACCELERATE"),
-                .unsafeFlags(["-fno-objc-arc"]),
-                .define("GGML_USE_METAL"),
+                .define("GGML_USE_ACCELERATE")
                // NOTE: NEW_LAPACK will required iOS version 16.4+
                // We should consider add this in the future when we drop support for iOS 14
                // (ref: ref: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/accelerate/1513264-cblas_sgemm?language=objc)
                // .define("ACCELERATE_NEW_LAPACK"),
                // .define("ACCELERATE_LAPACK_ILP64")
-            ],
+            ] + additionalSettings,
            linkerSettings: [
                .linkedFramework("Accelerate")
            ]
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -10,12 +10,9 @@ Inference of [LLaMA](https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.13971) model in pure C/C++

 ### Hot topics

- New SOTA quantized models, including pure 2-bits: https://huggingface.co/ikawrakow
- Collecting Apple Silicon performance stats:
-  - M-series: https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/discussions/4167
-  - A-series: https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/discussions/4508
- Added Mixtral support: https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/pull/4406
+- Using `llama.cpp` with AWS instances: https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/discussions/4225
 - Looking for contributions to improve and maintain the `server` example: https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/issues/4216
+- Collecting Apple Silicon performance stats: https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/discussions/4167

 ----

@@ -98,20 +95,7 @@ as the main playground for developing new features for the [ggml](https://github
 - [X] [Persimmon 8B](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/pull/3410)
 - [X] [MPT](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/pull/3417)
 - [X] [Bloom](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/pull/3553)
- [x] [Yi models](https://huggingface.co/models?search=01-ai/Yi)
 - [X] [StableLM-3b-4e1t](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/pull/3586)
- [x] [Deepseek models](https://huggingface.co/models?search=deepseek-ai/deepseek)
- [x] [Qwen models](https://huggingface.co/models?search=Qwen/Qwen)
- [x] [Mixtral MoE](https://huggingface.co/models?search=mistral-ai/Mixtral)
- [x] [PLaMo-13B](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/pull/3557)
- [x] [GPT-2](https://huggingface.co/gpt2)
-
-**Multimodal models:**
-
- [x] [Llava 1.5 models](https://huggingface.co/collections/liuhaotian/llava-15-653aac15d994e992e2677a7e)
- [x] [Bakllava](https://huggingface.co/models?search=SkunkworksAI/Bakllava)
- [x] [Obsidian](https://huggingface.co/NousResearch/Obsidian-3B-V0.5)
- [x] [ShareGPT4V](https://huggingface.co/models?search=Lin-Chen/ShareGPT4V)


 **Bindings:**
@@ -119,7 +103,6 @@ as the main playground for developing new features for the [ggml](https://github
 - Python: [abetlen/llama-cpp-python](https://github.com/abetlen/llama-cpp-python)
 - Go: [go-skynet/go-llama.cpp](https://github.com/go-skynet/go-llama.cpp)
 - Node.js: [withcatai/node-llama-cpp](https://github.com/withcatai/node-llama-cpp)
- JS/TS (llama.cpp server client): [lgrammel/modelfusion](https://modelfusion.dev/integration/model-provider/llamacpp)
 - Ruby: [yoshoku/llama_cpp.rb](https://github.com/yoshoku/llama_cpp.rb)
 - Rust: [mdrokz/rust-llama.cpp](https://github.com/mdrokz/rust-llama.cpp)
 - C#/.NET: [SciSharp/LLamaSharp](https://github.com/SciSharp/LLamaSharp)
@@ -127,7 +110,6 @@ as the main playground for developing new features for the [ggml](https://github
 - Clojure: [phronmophobic/llama.clj](https://github.com/phronmophobic/llama.clj)
 - React Native: [mybigday/llama.rn](https://github.com/mybigday/llama.rn)
 - Java: [kherud/java-llama.cpp](https://github.com/kherud/java-llama.cpp)
- Zig: [deins/llama.cpp.zig](https://github.com/Deins/llama.cpp.zig)

 **UI:**

@@ -136,8 +118,6 @@ as the main playground for developing new features for the [ggml](https://github
 - [withcatai/catai](https://github.com/withcatai/catai)
 - [semperai/amica](https://github.com/semperai/amica)
 - [psugihara/FreeChat](https://github.com/psugihara/FreeChat)
- [ptsochantaris/emeltal](https://github.com/ptsochantaris/emeltal)
- [iohub/collama](https://github.com/iohub/coLLaMA)

 ---

@@ -388,37 +368,20 @@ Building the program with BLAS support may lead to some performance improvements

  Check [BLIS.md](docs/BLIS.md) for more information.

- #### Intel oneMKL
-  - Using manual oneAPI installation:
-    By default, `LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR` is set to `Generic`, so if you already sourced intel environment script and assign `-DLLAMA_BLAS=ON` in cmake, the mkl version of Blas will automatically been selected. Otherwise please install oneAPI and follow the below steps:
-      ```bash
-      mkdir build
-      cd build
-      source /opt/intel/oneapi/setvars.sh # You can skip this step if  in oneapi-runtime docker image, only required for manual installation
-      cmake .. -DLLAMA_BLAS=ON -DLLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR=Intel10_64lp -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=icx -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=icpx -DLLAMA_NATIVE=ON
-      cmake --build . --config Release
-      ```
+- #### Intel MKL

-  - Using oneAPI docker image:
-    If you do not want to source the environment vars and install oneAPI manually, you can also build the code using intel docker container: [oneAPI-runtime](https://hub.docker.com/r/intel/oneapi-runtime)
+  By default, `LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR` is set to `Generic`, so if you already sourced intel environment script and assign `-DLLAMA_BLAS=ON` in cmake, the mkl version of Blas will automatically been selected. You may also specify it by:

-      ```bash
-      mkdir build
-      cd build
-      cmake .. -DLLAMA_BLAS=ON -DLLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR=Intel10_64lp -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=icx -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=icpx -DLLAMA_NATIVE=ON
-      cmake --build . --config Release
-      ```
-
-  Building through oneAPI compilers will make avx_vnni instruction set available for intel processors that do not support avx512 and avx512_vnni.
-
-  Check [Optimizing and Running LLaMA2 on Intel® CPU](https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/content-details/791610/optimizing-and-running-llama2-on-intel-cpu.html) for more information.
+  ```bash
+  mkdir build
+  cd build
+  cmake .. -DLLAMA_BLAS=ON -DLLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR=Intel10_64lp -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=icx -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=icpx
+  cmake --build . --config Release
+  ```

 - #### cuBLAS

  This provides BLAS acceleration using the CUDA cores of your Nvidia GPU. Make sure to have the CUDA toolkit installed. You can download it from your Linux distro's package manager (e.g. `apt install nvidia-cuda-toolkit`) or from here: [CUDA Toolkit](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads).
-
-  For Jetson user, if you have Jetson Orin, you can try this: [Offical Support](https://www.jetson-ai-lab.com/tutorial_text-generation.html). If you are using an old model(nano/TX2), need some additional operations before compiling.
-
  - Using `make`:
    ```bash
    make LLAMA_CUBLAS=1
@@ -456,21 +419,14 @@ Building the program with BLAS support may lead to some performance improvements
    ```bash
    make LLAMA_HIPBLAS=1
    ```
-  - Using `CMake` for Linux (assuming a gfx1030-compatible AMD GPU):
+  - Using `CMake` for Linux:
    ```bash
-    CC=/opt/rocm/llvm/bin/clang CXX=/opt/rocm/llvm/bin/clang++ \
-        cmake -H. -Bbuild -DLLAMA_HIPBLAS=ON -DAMDGPU_TARGETS=gfx1030 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
-        && cmake --build build -- -j 16
+    mkdir build
+    cd build
+    CC=/opt/rocm/llvm/bin/clang CXX=/opt/rocm/llvm/bin/clang++ cmake .. -DLLAMA_HIPBLAS=ON
+    cmake --build .
    ```
-    On Linux it is also possible to use unified memory architecture (UMA) to share main memory between the CPU and integrated GPU by setting `-DLLAMA_HIP_UMA=ON"`.
-    However, this hurts performance for non-integrated GPUs (but enables working with integrated GPUs).
-
-  - Using `make` (example for target gfx1030, build with 16 CPU threads):
-    ```bash
-    make -j16 LLAMA_HIPBLAS=1 LLAMA_HIP_UMA=1 AMDGPU_TARGETS=gxf1030
-    ```
-
-  - Using `CMake` for Windows (using x64 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS, and assuming a gfx1100-compatible AMD GPU):
+  - Using `CMake` for Windows (using x64 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS):
    ```bash
    set PATH=%HIP_PATH%\bin;%PATH%
    mkdir build
@@ -479,11 +435,10 @@ Building the program with BLAS support may lead to some performance improvements
    cmake --build .
    ```
    Make sure that `AMDGPU_TARGETS` is set to the GPU arch you want to compile for. The above example uses `gfx1100` that corresponds to Radeon RX 7900XTX/XT/GRE. You can find a list of targets [here](https://llvm.org/docs/AMDGPUUsage.html#processors)
-    Find your gpu version string by matching the most significant version information from `rocminfo | grep gfx | head -1 | awk '{print $2}'` with the list of processors, e.g. `gfx1035` maps to `gfx1030`.


  The environment variable [`HIP_VISIBLE_DEVICES`](https://rocm.docs.amd.com/en/latest/understand/gpu_isolation.html#hip-visible-devices) can be used to specify which GPU(s) will be used.
-  If your GPU is not officially supported you can use the environment variable [`HSA_OVERRIDE_GFX_VERSION`] set to a similar GPU, for example 10.3.0 on RDNA2 (e.g. gfx1030, gfx1031, or gfx1035) or 11.0.0 on RDNA3.
+  If your GPU is not officially supported you can use the environment variable [`HSA_OVERRIDE_GFX_VERSION`] set to a similar GPU, for example 10.3.0 on RDNA2 or 11.0.0 on RDNA3.
  The following compilation options are also available to tweak performance (yes, they refer to CUDA, not HIP, because it uses the same code as the cuBLAS version above):

  | Option                  | Legal values           | Default | Description |
@@ -1014,8 +969,6 @@ docker run --gpus all -v /path/to/models:/models local/llama.cpp:light-cuda -m /
 - There are no strict rules for the code style, but try to follow the patterns in the code (indentation, spaces, etc.). Vertical alignment makes things more readable and easier to batch edit
 - Clean-up any trailing whitespaces, use 4 spaces for indentation, brackets on the same line, `void * ptr`, `int & a`
 - See [good first issues](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aopen+label%3A%22good+first+issue%22) for tasks suitable for first contributions
- Tensors store data in row-major order. We refer to dimension 0 as columns, 1 as rows, 2 as matrices
- Matrix multiplication is unconventional: [`z = ggml_mul_mat(ctx, x, y)`](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/blob/880e352277fc017df4d5794f0c21c44e1eae2b84/ggml.h#L1058-L1064) means `zT = x @ yT`

 ### Docs

--- a/awq-py/README.md
+++ b/awq-py/README.md
@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
-# AWQ: Activation-aware Weight Quantization for LLM - version apply to llamacpp
-[[Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.00978)][[Original Repo](https://github.com/mit-han-lab/llm-awq)][[Easy-to-use Repo](https://github.com/casper-hansen/AutoAWQ)]
-
-**Supported models:**
-
- [X] LLaMA
- [x] LLaMA 2
- [X] MPT
- [X] Mistral AI v0.1
- [ ] Bloom
- [ ] Mixtral MoE
-
-**TODO:**
- [x] Update version work with both MPT and MPT-AWQ model
- [ ] Add OPT model
- [ ] Add Bloom model
- [ ] Add Mixtral MoE
- [ ] Support w3, w2
-
-
-## Contents
-
- [Install](##Install)
- [Convert](##Convert)
- [Quantize](##Quantize)
- [Test](##Test)
- [Benchmark](##Benchmark)
- [Results](##Results)
-
-## Install
-Install requirements
-```bash
-pip install -r requirements.txt
-```
-Get the pre-computed AWQ search results for multiple model families, including LLaMA, LLaMA2, MPT, OPT
-```bash
-git clone https://huggingface.co/datasets/mit-han-lab/awq-model-zoo awq_cache
-```
-
-## Convert
-Example for llama model
-```bash
-# For llama7b and llama2 models
-python convert.py models/llama-7b/ --awq-path awq_cache/llama-7b-w4-g128.pt --outfile models/llama_7b_fp16.gguf
-# For mistral and mpt models
-python convert-hf-to-gguf.py models/mpt-7b/ --awq-path awq_cache/llama-7b-w4-g128.pt --outfile models/mpt_7b_fp16.gguf
-```
-
-## Quantize
-```bash
-# We only benchmark and confirm the results on q4_0, q4_1, and q2_k types.
-./quantize models/llama_7b_fp16.gguf models/llama_7b_q4_0.gguf q4_0
-```
-
-## Test
-```bash
-# For all models.
-./build/bin/main -m models/llama_7b_q4_0.gguf -n 128 --prompt "Once upon a time"
-```
-
-## Benchmark
-The perplexity measurements in table above are done against the `wikitext2` test dataset (https://paperswithcode.com/dataset/wikitext-2), with context length of 512.
-```bash
-# For llama and llama2, and mistral models.
-./perplexity -m models/llama_7b_q4_0.gguf -f datasets/wikitext-2-raw/wiki.test.raw
-```
-
-## Results
-Results are run on OpenBLAS (CPU) and CuBLAS (GPU) for fair comparison
-We use three types of llamacpp quantization methods to work with our version, including q4_0, q4_1, and q2_k
-
-### Llama 7B (Build with OpenBLAS)
-
-| Model      | Measure      | F16    | Q4_0   | Q4_1   | Q2_K   |
-|-----------:|--------------|-------:|-------:|-------:|-------:|
-|Llama 7B    | perplexity   | 5.9066 | 6.1214 | 6.0643 | 6.5808 |
-|Llama 7B    | file size    |  12.9G  |   3.5G |   3.9G |   2.7G |
-|Llama 7B    | bits/weight  |   16.0 |    4.5 |    5.0 |    2.6 |
-|AWQ-LLama 7B| perplexity   | 5.9175 | 6.0252 | 5.9987 | 6.3692 |
-|AWQ-LLama 7B| file size    |  12.9G  |   3.5G |   3.9G |   2.7G |
-|AWQ-LLama 7B| bits/weight  |   16.0 |    4.5 |    5.0 |    2.6 |
-
-
-### Llama2 7B (Build with CuBLAS)
-
-| Model       | Measure      | F16    | Q4_0   | Q4_1   | Q2_K   |
-|------------:|--------------|-------:|-------:|-------:|-------:|
-|Llama2 7B    | perplexity   | 5.8664 | 6.0260 | 6.0656 | 6.4496 |
-|Llama2 7B    | file size    |  12.9G  |   3.5G |   3.9G |   2.7G |
-|Llama2 7B    | bits/weight  |   16.0 |    4.5 |    5.0 |    2.6 |
-|AWQ-LLama2 7B| perplexity   | 5.8801 | 6.0054 | 5.9849 | 6.3650 |
-|AWQ-LLama2 7B| file size    |  12.9G  |   3.5G |   3.9G |   2.7G |
-|AWQ-LLama2 7B| bits/weight  |   16.0 |    4.5 |    5.0 |    2.6 |
-
-
-### Mistral 7B v0.1 (Build with CuBLAS)
-
-| Model        | Measure      | F16    | Q4_0   | Q4_1   | Q2_K   |
-|-------------:|--------------|-------:|-------:|-------:|-------:|
-|Mistral 7B    | perplexity   | 5.6931 | 5.8202 | 5.8268 | 6.1645 |
-|Mistral 7B    | file size     |  14.5G |   4.1G |   4.5G |   3.1G |
-|Mistral 7B    | bits/weight  |   16.0 |    4.5 |    5.0 |    2.6 |
-|AWQ-Mistral 7B| perplexity   | 5.6934 | 5.8020 | 5.7691 | 6.0426 |
-|AWQ-Mistral 7B| file size     |  14.5G |   4.1G |   4.5G |   3.1G |
-|AWQ-Mistral 7B| bits/weight  |   16.0 |    4.5 |    5.0 |    2.6 |
-
-### MPT 7B (Build with OpenBLAS)
-
-| Model    | Measure      | F16    | Q4_0   | Q4_1   | Q2_K    |
-|---------:|--------------|-------:|-------:|-------:|--------:|
-|MPT 7B    | perplexity   | 8.4369 | 8.7956 | 8.6265 | 11.4913 |
-|MPT 7B    | file size    |  13.7G  |   3.9G |   4.3G |   2.8G  |
-|MPT 7B    | bits/weight  |   16.0 |    4.5 |    5.0 |    2.6  |
-|AWQ-MPT 7B| perplexity   | 8.4944 | 8.7053 |  8.6750 | 10.2873|
-|AWQ-MPT 7B| file size    |  13.7G  |   3.9G |   4.3G |   2.8G  |
-|AWQ-MPT 7B| bits/weight  |   16.0 |    4.5 |    5.0 |    2.6  |
--- a/awq-py/awq/apply_awq.py
+++ b/awq-py/awq/apply_awq.py
@@ -1,254 +0,0 @@
-"""
-Implements the AWQ for llama.cpp use cases.
-Original paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.00978
-
-This code is based on versions of the AWQ implementation found in the following repositories:
-* https://github.com/mit-han-lab/llm-awq
-* https://github.com/casper-hansen/AutoAWQ
-"""
-
-import os
-import torch
-import torch.nn as nn
-
-from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoConfig
-from transformers.models.bloom.modeling_bloom import BloomGelu
-from transformers.models.llama.modeling_llama import LlamaRMSNorm
-from transformers.activations import GELUActivation
-
-
-class ScaledActivation(nn.Module):
-    """
-    ScaledActivation module wraps an existing activation function and applies a
-    scale factor to its output.
-
-    Args:
-        module (nn.Module): The activation function to be scaled.
-        scales (torch.Tensor): A tensor of size (num_features,) containing the initial
-            scale factors for each feature.
-
-    Returns:
-        torch.Tensor: The scaled output of the activation function.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, module, scales):
-        super().__init__()
-        self.act = module
-        self.scales = nn.Parameter(scales.data)
-
-    def forward(self, x):
-        return self.act(x) / self.scales.view(1, 1, -1).to(x.device)
-
-
-def set_op_by_name(layer, name, new_module):
-    """
-    Set the new module for given module's name.
-
-    Args:
-        layer (nn.Module): The layer in which to replace the submodule.
-        name (str): The path to the submodule to be replaced, using dot notation
-            to access nested modules.
-        new_module (nn.Module): The new module to replace the existing one.
-    """
-    levels = name.split(".")
-    if len(levels) > 1:
-        mod_ = layer
-        for l_idx in range(len(levels) - 1):
-            if levels[l_idx].isdigit():
-                mod_ = mod_[int(levels[l_idx])]
-            else:
-                mod_ = getattr(mod_, levels[l_idx])
-        setattr(mod_, levels[-1], new_module)
-    else:
-        setattr(layer, name, new_module)
-
-
-def get_op_by_name(module, op_name):
-    """
-    Retrieves a submodule within a given layer based on its name.
-
-    Args:
-        module (nn.Module): The layer containing the submodule to find.
-        op_name (str): The name of the submodule.
-
-    Returns:
-        nn.Module: The requested submodule found within the given layer.
-
-    Raises:
-        ValueError: If the specified submodule cannot be found within the layer.
-    """
-    for name, m in module.named_modules():
-        if name == op_name:
-            return m
-    raise ValueError(f"Cannot find op {op_name} in module {module}")
-
-
-@torch.no_grad()
-def scale_ln_fcs(ln, fcs, scales):
-    """
-    Scales the weights of a LayerNorm and a list of fully-connected layers proportionally.
-
-    Args:
-        ln (nn.LayerNorm): The LayerNorm module to be scaled.
-        fcs (List[nn.Linear]): A list of fully-connected layers to be scaled.
-        scales (torch.Tensor): A 1D tensor of size (num_features,).
-    """
-
-    if not isinstance(fcs, list):
-        fcs = [fcs]
-
-    scales = scales.to(ln.weight.device)
-
-    ln.weight.div_(scales)
-    if hasattr(ln, "bias") and ln.bias is not None:
-        ln.bias.div_(scales)
-
-    for fc in fcs:
-        fc.weight.mul_(scales.view(1, -1))
-
-    for p in ln.parameters():
-        assert torch.isnan(p).sum() == 0
-    for fc in fcs:
-        for p in fc.parameters():
-            assert torch.isnan(p).sum() == 0
-
-
-@torch.no_grad()
-def scale_fc_fc(fc1, fc2, scales):
-    """
-    Scales the weights of two fully-connected layers in a specific pattern.
-
-    Args:
-        fc1 (nn.Linear): The first fully-connected layer to be scaled.
-        fc2 (nn.Linear): The second fully-connected layer to be scaled.
-        scales (torch.Tensor): A 1D tensor of size (num_features,).
-    """
-    assert isinstance(fc1, nn.Linear)
-    assert isinstance(fc2, nn.Linear)
-
-    scales = scales.to(fc1.weight.device)
-
-    fc1.weight[-scales.size(0):].div_(scales.view(-1, 1))
-    if fc1.bias is not None:
-        fc1.bias.div_(scales.view(-1))
-
-    fc2.weight.mul_(scales.view(1, -1))
-
-    for p in fc1.parameters():
-        assert torch.isnan(p).sum() == 0
-    for p in fc2.parameters():
-        assert torch.isnan(p).sum() == 0
-
-
-@torch.no_grad()
-def scale_gelu_fc(gelu, fc, scales):
-    """
-    Scales the weight of a GELU activation and a fully-connected layer proportionally.
-
-    Args:
-        gelu (Union[nn.GELU, BloomGelu, GELUActivation]): The GELU activation module to be scaled.
-        fc (nn.Linear): The fully-connected layer to be scaled.
-        scales (torch.Tensor): A 1D tensor of size (num_features,).
-
-    Raises:
-        TypeError: If the `gelu` module is not of type `nn.GELU`, `BloomGelu`, or `GELUActivation`.
-        TypeError: If the `fc` module is not of type `nn.Linear`.
-    """
-    assert isinstance(gelu, (nn.GELU, BloomGelu, GELUActivation))
-    assert isinstance(fc, nn.Linear)
-
-    fc.weight.mul_(scales.view(1, -1).to(fc.weight.device))
-
-    for p in fc.parameters():
-        assert torch.isnan(p).sum() == 0
-
-
-def apply_scale(module, scales_list, input_feat_dict=None):
-    """
-    Applies different scaling strategies to layers based on their type and hierarchy within a given module.
-
-    Args:
-        module (nn.Module): The module containing the layers to be scaled.
-        scales_list (List[Tuple[str, List[str], torch.Tensor]]): A list of tuples containing:
-            * prev_op_name (str): The name of the preceding operation or module,
-                relative to which the layers to be scaled are located.
-            * layer_names (List[str]): A list of names of the layers to be scaled, relative to the preceding operation.
-            * scales (torch.Tensor): A 1D tensor of size (num_features,) containing the scaling factors for each feature.
-        input_feat_dict (Optional[Dict[str, torch.Tensor]]): A dictionary mapping layer names to their corresponding
-            input features (optional).
-    """
-    for prev_op_name, layer_names, scales in scales_list:
-        prev_op = get_op_by_name(module, prev_op_name)
-        layers = [get_op_by_name(module, name) for name in layer_names]
-
-        prev_op.cuda()
-        for layer in layers:
-            layer.cuda()
-        scales.cuda()
-
-        if isinstance(prev_op, nn.Linear):
-            assert len(layers) == 1
-            scale_fc_fc(prev_op, layers[0], scales)
-        elif isinstance(prev_op, (nn.LayerNorm, LlamaRMSNorm)) or "rmsnorm" in str(prev_op.__class__).lower():
-            scale_ln_fcs(prev_op, layers, scales)
-        elif isinstance(prev_op, (nn.GELU, BloomGelu, GELUActivation)):
-            new_module = ScaledActivation(prev_op, scales)
-            set_op_by_name(module, prev_op_name, new_module)
-            scale_gelu_fc(prev_op, layers[0], scales)
-        else:
-            raise NotImplementedError(f"prev_op {type(prev_op)} not supported yet!")
-
-        # apply the scaling to input feat if given; prepare it for clipping
-        if input_feat_dict is not None:
-            for layer_name in layer_names:
-                inp = input_feat_dict[layer_name]
-                inp.div_(scales.view(1, -1).to(inp.device))
-
-        prev_op.cpu()
-        for layer in layers:
-            layer.cpu()
-        scales.cpu()
-
-
-@torch.no_grad()
-def apply_clip(module, clip_list):
-    """
-    Applies element-wise clipping to the weight of a specific layer within a given module.
-
-    Args:
-        module (nn.Module): The module containing the layer to be clipped.
-        clip_list (List[Tuple[str, torch.Tensor]]): A list of tuples containing:
-            * name (str): The name of the layer to be clipped, relative to the root of the module.
-            * max_val (torch.Tensor): A 1D or 2D tensor defining the upper bound for each element of the layer's weight.
-    """
-    for name, max_val in clip_list:
-        layer = get_op_by_name(module, name)
-        layer.cuda()
-        max_val = max_val.to(layer.weight.device)
-        org_shape = layer.weight.shape
-        layer.weight.data = layer.weight.data.reshape(*max_val.shape[:2], -1)
-        layer.weight.data = torch.clamp(layer.weight.data, -max_val, max_val)
-        layer.weight.data = layer.weight.data.reshape(org_shape)
-        layer.cpu()
-
-
-def add_scale_weights(model_path, scale_path, tmp_path):
-    """
-    Adds pre-computed Activation Weight Quantization (AWQ) results to a model,
-    including scaling factors and clipping bounds.
-
-    Args:
-        model_path (str): Path to the pre-trained model to be equipped with AWQ.
-        scale_path (str): Path to the AWQ scale factors (.pt file).
-        tmp_path (str): Path to the temporary directory where the equipped model will be saved.
-    """
-    config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(model_path, trust_remote_code=True)
-    model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
-        model_path, config=config, trust_remote_code=True
-    )
-    model.eval()
-    awq_results = torch.load(str(scale_path), map_location="cpu")
-    apply_scale(model, awq_results["scale"])
-    apply_clip(model, awq_results["clip"])
-    model.save_pretrained(str(tmp_path))
-    os.system(f"cp {str(model_path)}/tokenizer* {str(tmp_path)}")
--- a/awq-py/requirements.txt
+++ b/awq-py/requirements.txt
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-torch>=2.1.1
-transformers>=4.32.0
--- a/ci/run.sh
+++ b/ci/run.sh
@@ -30,12 +30,6 @@ sd=`dirname $0`
 cd $sd/../
 SRC=`pwd`

-CMAKE_EXTRA=""
-
-if [ ! -z ${GG_BUILD_METAL} ]; then
-    CMAKE_EXTRA="${CMAKE_EXTRA} -DLLAMA_METAL_SHADER_DEBUG=ON"
-fi
-
 ## helpers

 # download a file if it does not exist or if it is outdated
@@ -87,8 +81,8 @@ function gg_run_ctest_debug {

    set -e

-    (time cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug ${CMAKE_EXTRA} .. ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-cmake.log
-    (time make -j                                          ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-make.log
+    (time cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug ..     ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-cmake.log
+    (time make -j                               ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-make.log

    (time ctest --output-on-failure -E test-opt ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ctest.log

@@ -115,8 +109,8 @@ function gg_run_ctest_release {

    set -e

-    (time cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release ${CMAKE_EXTRA} .. ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-cmake.log
-    (time make -j                                            ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-make.log
+    (time cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release ..   ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-cmake.log
+    (time make -j                               ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-make.log

    if [ -z ${GG_BUILD_LOW_PERF} ]; then
        (time ctest --output-on-failure ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ctest.log
--- a/common/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/common/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -65,4 +65,4 @@ endif()

 target_include_directories(${TARGET} PUBLIC .)
 target_compile_features(${TARGET} PUBLIC cxx_std_11)
-target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE build_info PUBLIC llama)
+target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE llama build_info)
--- a/common/common.cpp
+++ b/common/common.cpp
@@ -220,20 +220,6 @@ bool gpt_params_parse_ex(int argc, char ** argv, gpt_params & params) {
                break;
            }
            params.n_ctx = std::stoi(argv[i]);
-        } else if (arg == "--grp-attn-n" || arg == "-gan") {
-            if (++i >= argc) {
-                invalid_param = true;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            params.grp_attn_n = std::stoi(argv[i]);
-        } else if (arg == "--grp-attn-w" || arg == "-gaw") {
-            if (++i >= argc) {
-                invalid_param = true;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            params.grp_attn_w = std::stoi(argv[i]);
        } else if (arg == "--rope-freq-base") {
            if (++i >= argc) {
                invalid_param = true;
@@ -292,18 +278,6 @@ bool gpt_params_parse_ex(int argc, char ** argv, gpt_params & params) {
                break;
            }
            params.yarn_beta_slow = std::stof(argv[i]);
-        } else if (arg == "--samplers") {
-            if (++i >= argc) {
-                invalid_param = true;
-                break;
-            }
-            sparams.samplers_sequence = parse_samplers_input(argv[i]);
-        } else if (arg == "--sampling-seq") {
-            if (++i >= argc) {
-                invalid_param = true;
-                break;
-            }
-            sparams.samplers_sequence = argv[i];
        } else if (arg == "--top-p") {
            if (++i >= argc) {
                invalid_param = true;
@@ -630,12 +604,6 @@ bool gpt_params_parse_ex(int argc, char ** argv, gpt_params & params) {
                break;
            }
            params.ppl_stride = std::stoi(argv[i]);
-        } else if (arg == "-ptc" || arg == "--print-token-count") {
-            if (++i >= argc) {
-                invalid_param = true;
-                break;
-            }
-            params.n_print = std::stoi(argv[i]);
        } else if (arg == "--ppl-output-type") {
            if (++i >= argc) {
                invalid_param = true;
@@ -676,10 +644,6 @@ bool gpt_params_parse_ex(int argc, char ** argv, gpt_params & params) {
        } else if (arg == "-h" || arg == "--help") {
            return false;

-        } else if (arg == "--version") {
-            fprintf(stderr, "version: %d (%s)\n", LLAMA_BUILD_NUMBER, LLAMA_COMMIT);
-            fprintf(stderr, "built with %s for %s\n", LLAMA_COMPILER, LLAMA_BUILD_TARGET);
-            exit(0);
        } else if (arg == "--random-prompt") {
            params.random_prompt = true;
        } else if (arg == "--in-prefix-bos") {
@@ -718,47 +682,6 @@ bool gpt_params_parse_ex(int argc, char ** argv, gpt_params & params) {
                std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(),
                std::back_inserter(sparams.grammar)
            );
-        } else if (arg == "--override-kv") {
-            if (++i >= argc) {
-                invalid_param = true;
-                break;
-            }
-            char * sep = strchr(argv[i], '=');
-            if (sep == nullptr || sep - argv[i] >= 128) {
-                fprintf(stderr, "error: Malformed KV override: %s\n", argv[i]);
-                invalid_param = true;
-                break;
-            }
-            struct llama_model_kv_override kvo;
-            std::strncpy(kvo.key, argv[i], sep - argv[i]);
-            kvo.key[sep - argv[i]] = 0;
-            sep++;
-            if (strncmp(sep, "int:", 4) == 0) {
-                sep += 4;
-                kvo.tag = LLAMA_KV_OVERRIDE_INT;
-                kvo.int_value = std::atol(sep);
-            } else if (strncmp(sep, "float:", 6) == 0) {
-                sep += 6;
-                kvo.tag = LLAMA_KV_OVERRIDE_FLOAT;
-                kvo.float_value = std::atof(sep);
-            } else if (strncmp(sep, "bool:", 5) == 0) {
-                sep += 5;
-                kvo.tag = LLAMA_KV_OVERRIDE_BOOL;
-                if (std::strcmp(sep, "true") == 0) {
-                    kvo.bool_value = true;
-                } else if (std::strcmp(sep, "false") == 0) {
-                    kvo.bool_value = false;
-                } else {
-                    fprintf(stderr, "error: Invalid boolean value for KV override: %s\n", argv[i]);
-                    invalid_param = true;
-                    break;
-                }
-            } else {
-                fprintf(stderr, "error: Invalid type for KV override: %s\n", argv[i]);
-                invalid_param = true;
-                break;
-            }
-            params.kv_overrides.push_back(kvo);
 #ifndef LOG_DISABLE_LOGS
        // Parse args for logging parameters
        } else if ( log_param_single_parse( argv[i] ) ) {
@@ -802,11 +725,6 @@ bool gpt_params_parse_ex(int argc, char ** argv, gpt_params & params) {
        }
    }

-    if (!params.kv_overrides.empty()) {
-        params.kv_overrides.emplace_back(llama_model_kv_override());
-        params.kv_overrides.back().key[0] = 0;
-    }
-
    return true;
 }

@@ -818,7 +736,6 @@ void gpt_print_usage(int /*argc*/, char ** argv, const gpt_params & params) {
    printf("\n");
    printf("options:\n");
    printf("  -h, --help            show this help message and exit\n");
-    printf("  --version             show version and build info\n");
    printf("  -i, --interactive     run in interactive mode\n");
    printf("  --interactive-first   run in interactive mode and wait for input right away\n");
    printf("  -ins, --instruct      run in instruction mode (use with Alpaca models)\n");
@@ -848,8 +765,6 @@ void gpt_print_usage(int /*argc*/, char ** argv, const gpt_params & params) {
    printf("  -n N, --n-predict N   number of tokens to predict (default: %d, -1 = infinity, -2 = until context filled)\n", params.n_predict);
    printf("  -c N, --ctx-size N    size of the prompt context (default: %d, 0 = loaded from model)\n", params.n_ctx);
    printf("  -b N, --batch-size N  batch size for prompt processing (default: %d)\n", params.n_batch);
-    printf("  --samplers            samplers that will be used for generation in the order, separated by \';\', for example: \"top_k;tfs;typical;top_p;min_p;temp\"\n");
-    printf("  --sampling-seq        simplified sequence for samplers that will be used (default: %s)\n", sparams.samplers_sequence.c_str());
    printf("  --top-k N             top-k sampling (default: %d, 0 = disabled)\n", sparams.top_k);
    printf("  --top-p N             top-p sampling (default: %.1f, 1.0 = disabled)\n", (double)sparams.top_p);
    printf("  --min-p N             min-p sampling (default: %.1f, 0.0 = disabled)\n", (double)sparams.min_p);
@@ -915,7 +830,7 @@ void gpt_print_usage(int /*argc*/, char ** argv, const gpt_params & params) {
    printf("                        number of layers to store in VRAM\n");
    printf("  -ngld N, --n-gpu-layers-draft N\n");
    printf("                        number of layers to store in VRAM for the draft model\n");
-    printf("  -ts SPLIT, --tensor-split SPLIT\n");
+    printf("  -ts SPLIT --tensor-split SPLIT\n");
    printf("                        how to split tensors across multiple GPUs, comma-separated list of proportions, e.g. 3,1\n");
    printf("  -mg i, --main-gpu i   the GPU to use for scratch and small tensors\n");
 #ifdef GGML_USE_CUBLAS
@@ -924,10 +839,6 @@ void gpt_print_usage(int /*argc*/, char ** argv, const gpt_params & params) {
    printf("                        Not recommended since this is both slower and uses more VRAM.\n");
 #endif // GGML_USE_CUBLAS
 #endif
-    printf("  -gan N, --grp-attn-n N\n");
-    printf("                        group-attention factor (default: %d)\n", params.grp_attn_n);
-    printf("  -gaw N, --grp-attn-w N\n");
-    printf("                        group-attention width (default: %.1f)\n", (double)params.grp_attn_w);
    printf("  --verbose-prompt      print prompt before generation\n");
    printf("  -dkvc, --dump-kv-cache\n");
    printf("                        verbose print of the KV cache\n");
@@ -944,14 +855,9 @@ void gpt_print_usage(int /*argc*/, char ** argv, const gpt_params & params) {
    printf("  -m FNAME, --model FNAME\n");
    printf("                        model path (default: %s)\n", params.model.c_str());
    printf("  -md FNAME, --model-draft FNAME\n");
-    printf("                        draft model for speculative decoding\n");
+    printf("                        draft model for speculative decoding (default: %s)\n", params.model.c_str());
    printf("  -ld LOGDIR, --logdir LOGDIR\n");
    printf("                        path under which to save YAML logs (no logging if unset)\n");
-    printf("  --override-kv KEY=TYPE:VALUE\n");
-    printf("                        advanced option to override model metadata by key. may be specified multiple times.\n");
-    printf("                        types: int, float, bool. example: --override-kv tokenizer.ggml.add_bos_token=bool:false\n");
-    printf("  -ptc N, --print-token-count N\n");
-    printf("                        print token count every N tokens (default: %d)\n", params.n_print);
    printf("\n");
 #ifndef LOG_DISABLE_LOGS
    log_print_usage();
@@ -988,48 +894,6 @@ std::string gpt_random_prompt(std::mt19937 & rng) {
    GGML_UNREACHABLE();
 }

-//
-// String parsing
-//
-
-std::string parse_samplers_input(std::string input) {
-    std::string output = "";
-    // since samplers names are written multiple ways
-    // make it ready for both system names and input names
-    std::unordered_map<std::string, char> samplers_symbols {
-        {"top_k",      'k'},
-        {"top-k",      'k'},
-        {"top_p",      'p'},
-        {"top-p",      'p'},
-        {"nucleus",    'p'},
-        {"typical_p",  'y'},
-        {"typical-p",  'y'},
-        {"typical",    'y'},
-        {"min_p",      'm'},
-        {"min-p",      'm'},
-        {"tfs_z",      'f'},
-        {"tfs-z",      'f'},
-        {"tfs",        'f'},
-        {"temp",       't'},
-        {"temperature",'t'}
-    };
-    // expected format example: "temp;top_k;tfs_z;typical_p;top_p;min_p"
-    size_t separator = input.find(';');
-    while (separator != input.npos) {
-        std::string name = input.substr(0,separator);
-        input = input.substr(separator+1);
-        separator = input.find(';');
-
-        if (samplers_symbols.find(name) != samplers_symbols.end()) {
-            output += samplers_symbols[name];
-        }
-    }
-    if (samplers_symbols.find(input) != samplers_symbols.end()) {
-        output += samplers_symbols[input];
-    }
-    return output;
-}
-
 //
 // Model utils
 //
@@ -1044,20 +908,11 @@ struct llama_model_params llama_model_params_from_gpt_params(const gpt_params &
    mparams.tensor_split    = params.tensor_split;
    mparams.use_mmap        = params.use_mmap;
    mparams.use_mlock       = params.use_mlock;
-    if (params.kv_overrides.empty()) {
-        mparams.kv_overrides = NULL;
-    } else {
-        GGML_ASSERT(params.kv_overrides.back().key[0] == 0 && "KV overrides not terminated with empty key");
-        mparams.kv_overrides = params.kv_overrides.data();
-    }

    return mparams;
 }

 static ggml_type kv_cache_type_from_str(const std::string & s) {
-    if (s == "f32") {
-        return GGML_TYPE_F32;
-    }
    if (s == "f16") {
        return GGML_TYPE_F16;
    }
@@ -1423,7 +1278,6 @@ void dump_non_result_info_yaml(FILE * stream, const gpt_params & params, const l
    fprintf(stream, "build_number: %d\n",        LLAMA_BUILD_NUMBER);
    fprintf(stream, "cpu_has_arm_fma: %s\n",     ggml_cpu_has_arm_fma()     ? "true" : "false");
    fprintf(stream, "cpu_has_avx: %s\n",         ggml_cpu_has_avx()         ? "true" : "false");
-    fprintf(stream, "cpu_has_avx_vnni: %s\n",    ggml_cpu_has_avx_vnni()    ? "true" : "false");
    fprintf(stream, "cpu_has_avx2: %s\n",        ggml_cpu_has_avx2()        ? "true" : "false");
    fprintf(stream, "cpu_has_avx512: %s\n",      ggml_cpu_has_avx512()      ? "true" : "false");
    fprintf(stream, "cpu_has_avx512_vbmi: %s\n", ggml_cpu_has_avx512_vbmi() ? "true" : "false");
--- a/common/common.h
+++ b/common/common.h
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ struct gpt_params {
    int32_t n_ctx                           = 512;   // context size
    int32_t n_batch                         = 512;   // batch size for prompt processing (must be >=32 to use BLAS)
    int32_t n_keep                          = 0;     // number of tokens to keep from initial prompt
-    int32_t n_draft                         = 8;     // number of tokens to draft during speculative decoding
+    int32_t n_draft                         = 16;    // number of tokens to draft during speculative decoding
    int32_t n_chunks                        = -1;    // max number of chunks to process (-1 = unlimited)
    int32_t n_parallel                      = 1;     // number of parallel sequences to decode
    int32_t n_sequences                     = 1;     // number of sequences to decode
@@ -62,9 +62,6 @@ struct gpt_params {
    int32_t main_gpu                        = 0;     // the GPU that is used for scratch and small tensors
    float   tensor_split[LLAMA_MAX_DEVICES] = {0};   // how split tensors should be distributed across GPUs
    int32_t n_beams                         = 0;     // if non-zero then use beam search of given width.
-    int32_t grp_attn_n                      = 1;     // group-attention factor
-    int32_t grp_attn_w                      = 512;   // group-attention width
-    int32_t n_print                         = -1;    // print token count every n tokens (-1 = disabled)
    float   rope_freq_base                  = 0.0f;  // RoPE base frequency
    float   rope_freq_scale                 = 0.0f;  // RoPE frequency scaling factor
    float   yarn_ext_factor                 = -1.0f; // YaRN extrapolation mix factor
@@ -89,8 +86,6 @@ struct gpt_params {
    std::vector<std::string> antiprompt; // string upon seeing which more user input is prompted
    std::string logdir            = "";  // directory in which to save YAML log files

-    std::vector<llama_model_kv_override> kv_overrides;
-
    // TODO: avoid tuple, use struct
    std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, float>> lora_adapter; // lora adapter path with user defined scale
    std::string lora_base  = "";                              // base model path for the lora adapter
@@ -149,12 +144,6 @@ std::string gpt_random_prompt(std::mt19937 & rng);

 void process_escapes(std::string& input);

-//
-// String parsing
-//
-
-std::string parse_samplers_input(std::string input);
-
 //
 // Model utils
 //
--- a/common/grammar-parser.cpp
+++ b/common/grammar-parser.cpp
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ namespace grammar_parser {
                pos = parse_space(pos + 1, is_nested);
            } else if (*pos == '*' || *pos == '+' || *pos == '?') { // repetition operator
                if (last_sym_start == out_elements.size()) {
-                    throw std::runtime_error(std::string("expecting preceding item to */+/? at ") + pos);
+                    throw std::runtime_error(std::string("expecting preceeding item to */+/? at ") + pos);
                }

                // apply transformation to previous symbol (last_sym_start to end) according to
--- a/common/log.h
+++ b/common/log.h
@@ -61,13 +61,13 @@
 //  #define LOG_TARGET stderr
 //  #include "log.h"
 //
-//  The log target can also be redirected to a different function
+//  The log target can also be redirected to a diffrent function
 //  like so:
 //
-//  #define LOG_TARGET log_handler_different()
+//  #define LOG_TARGET log_handler_diffrent()
 //  #include "log.h"
 //
-//  FILE* log_handler_different()
+//  FILE* log_handler_diffrent()
 //  {
 //      return stderr;
 //  }
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ inline FILE *log_handler2_impl(bool change = false, LogTriState append = LogTriS

 // Disables logs entirely at runtime.
 //  Makes LOG() and LOG_TEE() produce no output,
-//  until enabled back.
+//  untill enabled back.
 #define log_disable() log_disable_impl()

 // INTERNAL, DO NOT USE
--- a/common/sampling.cpp
+++ b/common/sampling.cpp
@@ -99,67 +99,21 @@ std::string llama_sampling_print(const llama_sampling_params & params) {
    return std::string(result);
 }

-std::string llama_sampling_order_print(const llama_sampling_params & params) {
-    std::string result = "CFG -> Penalties ";
-    if (params.mirostat == 0) {
-        for (auto s : params.samplers_sequence) {
-            switch (s) {
-                case 'k': result += "-> top_k "; break;
-                case 'f': result += "-> tfs_z "; break;
-                case 'y': result += "-> typical_p "; break;
-                case 'p': result += "-> top_p "; break;
-                case 'm': result += "-> min_p "; break;
-                case 't': result += "-> temp "; break;
-                default : break;
-            }
-        }
-    } else {
-        result += "-> mirostat ";
-    }
-
-    return result;
-}
-
-// no reasons to expose this function in header
-static void sampler_queue(
-                   struct llama_context * ctx_main,
-            const llama_sampling_params & params,
-                 llama_token_data_array & cur_p,
-                                 size_t & min_keep) {
-    const int n_vocab = llama_n_vocab(llama_get_model(ctx_main));
-
-    const float         temp              = params.temp;
-    const int32_t       top_k             = params.top_k <= 0 ? n_vocab : params.top_k;
-    const float         top_p             = params.top_p;
-    const float         min_p             = params.min_p;
-    const float         tfs_z             = params.tfs_z;
-    const float         typical_p         = params.typical_p;
-    const std::string & samplers_sequence = params.samplers_sequence;
-
-    for (auto s : samplers_sequence) {
-        switch (s){
-            case 'k': llama_sample_top_k    (ctx_main, &cur_p, top_k,     min_keep); break;
-            case 'f': llama_sample_tail_free(ctx_main, &cur_p, tfs_z,     min_keep); break;
-            case 'y': llama_sample_typical  (ctx_main, &cur_p, typical_p, min_keep); break;
-            case 'p': llama_sample_top_p    (ctx_main, &cur_p, top_p,     min_keep); break;
-            case 'm': llama_sample_min_p    (ctx_main, &cur_p, min_p,     min_keep); break;
-            case 't': llama_sample_temp     (ctx_main, &cur_p, temp); break;
-            default : break;
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-static llama_token llama_sampling_sample_impl(
+llama_token llama_sampling_sample(
                  struct llama_sampling_context * ctx_sampling,
                  struct llama_context * ctx_main,
                  struct llama_context * ctx_cfg,
-                  const int idx,
-                  bool is_resampling) {  // Add a parameter to indicate if we are resampling
+                  const int idx) {
    const llama_sampling_params & params = ctx_sampling->params;

    const int n_vocab = llama_n_vocab(llama_get_model(ctx_main));

    const float   temp            = params.temp;
+    const int32_t top_k           = params.top_k <= 0 ? n_vocab : params.top_k;
+    const float   top_p           = params.top_p;
+    const float   min_p           = params.min_p;
+    const float   tfs_z           = params.tfs_z;
+    const float   typical_p       = params.typical_p;
    const int32_t penalty_last_n  = params.penalty_last_n < 0 ? params.n_prev : params.penalty_last_n;
    const float   penalty_repeat  = params.penalty_repeat;
    const float   penalty_freq    = params.penalty_freq;
@@ -174,17 +128,8 @@ static llama_token llama_sampling_sample_impl(

    llama_token id = 0;

-    // Get a pointer to the logits
    float * logits = llama_get_logits_ith(ctx_main, idx);

-    // Declare original_logits at the beginning of the function scope
-    std::vector<float> original_logits;
-
-    if (!is_resampling) {
-        // Only make a copy of the original logits if we are not in the resampling phase, not sure if I actually have to do this.
-        original_logits = std::vector<float>(logits, logits + llama_n_vocab(llama_get_model(ctx_main)));
-    }
-
    // apply params.logit_bias map
    for (auto it = params.logit_bias.begin(); it != params.logit_bias.end(); it++) {
        logits[it->first] += it->second;
@@ -203,14 +148,12 @@ static llama_token llama_sampling_sample_impl(
    }

    // apply penalties
-    const auto& penalty_tokens = params.use_penalty_prompt_tokens ? params.penalty_prompt_tokens : prev;
-    const int penalty_tokens_used_size = std::min((int)penalty_tokens.size(), penalty_last_n);
-    if (penalty_tokens_used_size) {
+    if (!prev.empty()) {
        const float nl_logit = logits[llama_token_nl(llama_get_model(ctx_main))];

        llama_sample_repetition_penalties(ctx_main, &cur_p,
-                penalty_tokens.data() + penalty_tokens.size() - penalty_tokens_used_size,
-                penalty_tokens_used_size, penalty_repeat, penalty_freq, penalty_present);
+                prev.data() + prev.size() - penalty_last_n,
+                penalty_last_n, penalty_repeat, penalty_freq, penalty_present);

        if (!penalize_nl) {
            for (size_t idx = 0; idx < cur_p.size; idx++) {
@@ -222,8 +165,7 @@ static llama_token llama_sampling_sample_impl(
        }
    }

-    // If we are in the resampling phase, apply grammar checks before sampling logic
-    if (is_resampling && ctx_sampling->grammar != NULL) {
+    if (ctx_sampling->grammar != NULL) {
        llama_sample_grammar(ctx_main, &cur_p, ctx_sampling->grammar);
    }

@@ -246,7 +188,12 @@ static llama_token llama_sampling_sample_impl(
            // temperature sampling
            size_t min_keep = std::max(1, params.n_probs);

-            sampler_queue(ctx_main, params, cur_p, min_keep);
+            llama_sample_top_k    (ctx_main, &cur_p, top_k,     min_keep);
+            llama_sample_tail_free(ctx_main, &cur_p, tfs_z,     min_keep);
+            llama_sample_typical  (ctx_main, &cur_p, typical_p, min_keep);
+            llama_sample_top_p    (ctx_main, &cur_p, top_p,     min_keep);
+            llama_sample_min_p    (ctx_main, &cur_p, min_p,     min_keep);
+            llama_sample_temp     (ctx_main, &cur_p, temp);

            id = llama_sample_token(ctx_main, &cur_p);

@@ -265,40 +212,9 @@ static llama_token llama_sampling_sample_impl(
        }
    }

-    if (ctx_sampling->grammar != NULL && !is_resampling) {
-        // Create an array with a single token data element for the sampled id
-        llama_token_data single_token_data = {id, logits[id], 0.0f};
-        llama_token_data_array single_token_data_array = { &single_token_data, 1, false };
-
-        // Apply grammar constraints to the single token
-        llama_sample_grammar(ctx_main, &single_token_data_array, ctx_sampling->grammar);
-
-        // Check if the token is valid according to the grammar by seeing if its logit has been set to -INFINITY
-        bool is_valid = single_token_data_array.data[0].logit != -INFINITY;
-
-        // If the token is not valid according to the grammar, perform resampling
-        if (!is_valid) {
-            LOG("Resampling because token %d: '%s' does not meet grammar rules\n", id, llama_token_to_piece(ctx_main, id).c_str());
-
-            // Restore logits from the copy
-            std::copy(original_logits.begin(), original_logits.end(), logits);
-
-            return llama_sampling_sample_impl(ctx_sampling, ctx_main, ctx_cfg, idx, true);  // Pass true for is_resampling
-        }
-    }
-
    return id;
 }

-llama_token llama_sampling_sample(
-                  struct llama_sampling_context * ctx_sampling,
-                  struct llama_context * ctx_main,
-                  struct llama_context * ctx_cfg,
-                  const int idx) {
-    // Call the implementation function with is_resampling set to false by default
-    return llama_sampling_sample_impl(ctx_sampling, ctx_main, ctx_cfg, idx, false);
-}
-
 void llama_sampling_accept(
        struct llama_sampling_context * ctx_sampling,
        struct llama_context * ctx_main,
--- a/common/sampling.h
+++ b/common/sampling.h
@@ -10,23 +10,22 @@

 // sampling parameters
 typedef struct llama_sampling_params {
-    int32_t     n_prev                = 64;       // number of previous tokens to remember
-    int32_t     n_probs               = 0;        // if greater than 0, output the probabilities of top n_probs tokens.
-    int32_t     top_k                 = 40;       // <= 0 to use vocab size
-    float       top_p                 = 0.95f;    // 1.0 = disabled
-    float       min_p                 = 0.05f;    // 0.0 = disabled
-    float       tfs_z                 = 1.00f;    // 1.0 = disabled
-    float       typical_p             = 1.00f;    // 1.0 = disabled
-    float       temp                  = 0.80f;    // 1.0 = disabled
-    int32_t     penalty_last_n        = 64;       // last n tokens to penalize (0 = disable penalty, -1 = context size)
-    float       penalty_repeat        = 1.10f;    // 1.0 = disabled
-    float       penalty_freq          = 0.00f;    // 0.0 = disabled
-    float       penalty_present       = 0.00f;    // 0.0 = disabled
-    int32_t     mirostat              = 0;        // 0 = disabled, 1 = mirostat, 2 = mirostat 2.0
-    float       mirostat_tau          = 5.00f;    // target entropy
-    float       mirostat_eta          = 0.10f;    // learning rate
-    bool        penalize_nl           = true;     // consider newlines as a repeatable token
-    std::string samplers_sequence     = "kfypmt"; // top_k, tail_free, typical_p, top_p, min_p, temp
+    int32_t n_prev            = 64;    // number of previous tokens to remember
+    int32_t n_probs           = 0;     // if greater than 0, output the probabilities of top n_probs tokens.
+    int32_t top_k             = 40;    // <= 0 to use vocab size
+    float   top_p             = 0.95f; // 1.0 = disabled
+    float   min_p             = 0.05f; // 0.0 = disabled
+    float   tfs_z             = 1.00f; // 1.0 = disabled
+    float   typical_p         = 1.00f; // 1.0 = disabled
+    float   temp              = 0.80f; // 1.0 = disabled
+    int32_t penalty_last_n    = 64;    // last n tokens to penalize (0 = disable penalty, -1 = context size)
+    float   penalty_repeat    = 1.10f; // 1.0 = disabled
+    float   penalty_freq      = 0.00f; // 0.0 = disabled
+    float   penalty_present   = 0.00f; // 0.0 = disabled
+    int32_t mirostat          = 0;     // 0 = disabled, 1 = mirostat, 2 = mirostat 2.0
+    float   mirostat_tau      = 5.00f; // target entropy
+    float   mirostat_eta      = 0.10f; // learning rate
+    bool    penalize_nl       = true;  // consider newlines as a repeatable token

    std::string grammar;  // optional BNF-like grammar to constrain sampling

@@ -36,9 +35,6 @@ typedef struct llama_sampling_params {
    float       cfg_scale     = 1.f; // how strong is guidance

    std::unordered_map<llama_token, float> logit_bias; // logit bias for specific tokens
-
-    std::vector<llama_token> penalty_prompt_tokens;
-    bool                     use_penalty_prompt_tokens = false;
 } llama_sampling_params;

 // general sampler context
@@ -84,9 +80,6 @@ std::string llama_sampling_prev_str(llama_sampling_context * ctx_sampling, llama
 // Print sampling parameters into a string
 std::string llama_sampling_print(const llama_sampling_params & params);

-// Print sampling order into a string
-std::string llama_sampling_order_print(const llama_sampling_params & params);
-
 // this is a common sampling function used across the examples for convenience
 // it can serve as a starting point for implementing your own sampling function
 // Note: When using multiple sequences, it is the caller's responsibility to call
--- a/common/train.cpp
+++ b/common/train.cpp
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ void free_random_uniform_distribution(struct random_uniform_distribution * rnd)

 struct ggml_tensor * randomize_tensor_normal(struct ggml_tensor * tensor, struct random_normal_distribution * rnd) {
    float scale = 1.0f; // xavier
-    switch (ggml_n_dims(tensor)) {
+    switch (tensor->n_dims) {
        case 1:
            scale /= sqrtf((float) tensor->ne[0]);
            for (int i0 = 0; i0 < tensor->ne[0]; i0++) {
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ struct ggml_tensor * randomize_tensor_normal(struct ggml_tensor * tensor, struct
 }

 struct ggml_tensor * randomize_tensor_uniform(struct ggml_tensor * tensor, struct random_uniform_distribution * rnd) {
-    switch (ggml_n_dims(tensor)) {
+    switch (tensor->n_dims) {
        case 1:
            for (int i0 = 0; i0 < tensor->ne[0]; i0++) {
                float * dst = (float *) ((char *) tensor->data + i0*tensor->nb[0]);
@@ -183,27 +183,25 @@ float fclamp(const float v, const float min, const float max) {
 }

 void assert_shape_1d(struct ggml_tensor * tensor, int64_t ne0) {
+    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->n_dims == 1);
    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->ne[0] == ne0);
-    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->ne[1] == 1);
-    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->ne[2] == 1);
-    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->ne[3] == 1);
 }

 void assert_shape_2d(struct ggml_tensor * tensor, int64_t ne0, int64_t ne1) {
+    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->n_dims == 2);
    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->ne[0] == ne0);
    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->ne[1] == ne1);
-    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->ne[2] == 1);
-    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->ne[3] == 1);
 }

 void assert_shape_3d(struct ggml_tensor * tensor, int64_t ne0, int64_t ne1, int64_t ne2) {
+    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->n_dims == 3);
    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->ne[0] == ne0);
    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->ne[1] == ne1);
    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->ne[2] == ne2);
-    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->ne[3] == 1);
 }

 void assert_shape_4d(struct ggml_tensor * tensor, int64_t ne0, int64_t ne1, int64_t ne2, int64_t ne3) {
+    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->n_dims == 4);
    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->ne[0] == ne0);
    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->ne[1] == ne1);
    GGML_ASSERT(tensor->ne[2] == ne2);
@@ -227,8 +225,8 @@ int64_t get_example_targets_batch(
    bool                   sample_random_offsets
 ) {
    GGML_ASSERT(samples_count > 0);
-    GGML_ASSERT(ggml_is_matrix(tokens_input));
-    GGML_ASSERT(ggml_is_3d(target_probs));
+    GGML_ASSERT(tokens_input->n_dims  == 2);
+    GGML_ASSERT(target_probs->n_dims  == 3);
    int64_t n_vocab  = target_probs->ne[0];
    int64_t n_tokens = tokens_input->ne[0];
    int64_t n_batch  = tokens_input->ne[1];
@@ -1107,7 +1105,7 @@ void print_common_train_usage(int /*argc*/, char ** /*argv*/, const struct train
    fprintf(stderr, "  --sample-start STR         Sets the starting point for samples after the specified pattern. If empty use every token position as sample start. (default '%s')\n", params->sample_start.c_str());
    fprintf(stderr, "  --include-sample-start     Include the sample start in the samples. (default off)\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "  --escape                   process sample start escapes sequences (\\n, \\r, \\t, \\', \\\", \\\\)\n");
-    fprintf(stderr, "  --overlapping-samples      Samples may overlap, will include sample-start of second and following samples. When off, samples will end at begin of next sample. (default off)\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "  --overlapping-samples      Samples my overlap, will include sample-start of second and following samples. When off, samples will end at begin of next sample. (default off)\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "  --fill-with-next-samples   Samples shorter than context length will be followed by the next (shuffled) samples. (default off)\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "  --separate-with-eos        When fill-with-next-samples, insert end-of-sequence token between samples.%s\n", params->separate_with_eos ? " (default)" : "");
    fprintf(stderr, "  --separate-with-bos        When fill-with-next-samples, insert begin-of-sequence token between samples.%s\n", params->separate_with_bos ? " (default)" : "");
--- a/convert-hf-to-gguf.py
+++ b/convert-hf-to-gguf.py
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class Model:
        self.part_names = self._get_part_names()
        self.hparams = Model.load_hparams(self.dir_model)
        self.model_arch = self._get_model_architecture()
-        self.gguf_writer = gguf.GGUFWriter(fname_out, gguf.MODEL_ARCH_NAMES[self.model_arch], endianess=self.endianess, use_temp_file=False)
+        self.gguf_writer = gguf.GGUFWriter(fname_out, gguf.MODEL_ARCH_NAMES[self.model_arch], endianess=self.endianess)

    def set_vocab(self):
        self._set_vocab_gpt2()
@@ -77,18 +77,8 @@ class Model:
            self.gguf_writer.add_embedding_length(n_embd)
        if (n_ff := self.hparams.get("intermediate_size")) is not None:
            self.gguf_writer.add_feed_forward_length(n_ff)
-        if (n_head := self.hparams.get("num_attention_heads")) is not None:
+        if (n_head := self.hparams.get("num_attention_head")) is not None:
            self.gguf_writer.add_head_count(n_head)
-        if (n_head_kv := self.hparams.get("num_key_value_heads")) is not None:
-            self.gguf_writer.add_head_count_kv(n_head_kv)
-
-        if (n_rms_eps := self.hparams.get("rms_norm_eps")) is not None:
-            self.gguf_writer.add_layer_norm_rms_eps(n_rms_eps)
-        if (n_experts := self.hparams.get("num_local_experts")) is not None:
-            self.gguf_writer.add_expert_count(n_experts)
-        if (n_experts_used := self.hparams.get("num_experts_per_tok")) is not None:
-            self.gguf_writer.add_expert_used_count(n_experts_used)
-
        self.gguf_writer.add_parallel_residual(self.hparams.get("use_parallel_residual", True))

    def write_tensors(self):
@@ -180,14 +170,6 @@ class Model:
            return StableLMModel
        if model_architecture == "QWenLMHeadModel":
            return QwenModel
-        if model_architecture == "MixtralForCausalLM":
-            return MixtralModel
-        if model_architecture == "GPT2LMHeadModel":
-            return GPT2Model
-        if model_architecture == "PhiForCausalLM":
-            return Phi2Model
-        if model_architecture == "PlamoForCausalLM":
-            return PlamoModel
        return Model

    def _is_model_safetensors(self) -> bool:
@@ -225,14 +207,6 @@ class Model:
            return gguf.MODEL_ARCH.STABLELM
        if arch == "QWenLMHeadModel":
            return gguf.MODEL_ARCH.QWEN
-        if arch == "MixtralForCausalLM":
-            return gguf.MODEL_ARCH.LLAMA
-        if arch == "GPT2LMHeadModel":
-            return gguf.MODEL_ARCH.GPT2
-        if arch == "PhiForCausalLM":
-            return gguf.MODEL_ARCH.PHI2
-        if arch == "PlamoForCausalLM":
-            return gguf.MODEL_ARCH.PLAMO

        raise NotImplementedError(f'Architecture "{arch}" not supported!')

@@ -242,7 +216,7 @@ class Model:
        tokens: list[bytearray] = []
        toktypes: list[int] = []

-        from transformers import AutoTokenizer
+        from transformers import AutoTokenizer  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
        tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(dir_model)
        vocab_size = hparams.get("vocab_size", len(tokenizer.vocab))
        assert max(tokenizer.vocab.values()) < vocab_size
@@ -468,11 +442,7 @@ class MPTModel(Model):
            data = data_torch.squeeze().numpy()

            # map tensor names
-            if "scales" in name:
-                new_name = tensor_map.get_name(name, try_suffixes=(".weight", ".bias", ".scales"))
-                new_name = new_name.replace("scales", "act.scales")
-            else:
-                new_name = tensor_map.get_name(name, try_suffixes=(".weight", ".bias"))
+            new_name = tensor_map.get_name(name, try_suffixes=(".weight", ".bias"))
            if new_name is None:
                print(f"Can not map tensor {name!r}")
                sys.exit()
@@ -817,17 +787,10 @@ class PersimmonModel(Model):
        hidden_size = self.hparams["hidden_size"]

        self.gguf_writer.add_name('persimmon-8b-chat')
-        self.gguf_writer.add_context_length(self.hparams["max_position_embeddings"])
        self.gguf_writer.add_embedding_length(hidden_size)
        self.gguf_writer.add_block_count(block_count)
        self.gguf_writer.add_feed_forward_length(self.hparams["intermediate_size"])
-
-        # NOTE: not sure about this change - why does the model not have a rope dimension count when it is smaller
-        #       than the head size?
-        #       ref: https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/pull/4889
-        # self.gguf_writer.add_rope_dimension_count(hidden_size // head_count)
-        self.gguf_writer.add_rope_dimension_count(hidden_size // head_count // 2)
-
+        self.gguf_writer.add_rope_dimension_count(hidden_size // head_count)
        self.gguf_writer.add_head_count(head_count)
        self.gguf_writer.add_head_count_kv(head_count_kv)
        self.gguf_writer.add_rope_freq_base(self.hparams["rope_theta"])
@@ -863,7 +826,7 @@ class StableLMModel(Model):
        hparams = self.hparams
        block_count = hparams["num_hidden_layers"]

-        self.gguf_writer.add_name(self.dir_model.name)
+        self.gguf_writer.add_name(dir_model.name)
        self.gguf_writer.add_context_length(hparams["max_position_embeddings"])
        self.gguf_writer.add_embedding_length(hparams["hidden_size"])
        self.gguf_writer.add_block_count(block_count)
@@ -874,11 +837,6 @@ class StableLMModel(Model):
        self.gguf_writer.add_layer_norm_eps(1e-5)


-class MixtralModel(Model):
-    def set_vocab(self):
-        self._set_vocab_sentencepiece()
-
-
 class QwenModel(Model):
    @staticmethod
    def token_bytes_to_string(b):
@@ -909,7 +867,7 @@ class QwenModel(Model):
        tokens: list[bytearray] = []
        toktypes: list[int] = []

-        from transformers import AutoTokenizer
+        from transformers import AutoTokenizer  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
        tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(dir_model, trust_remote_code=True)
        vocab_size = hparams["vocab_size"]
        assert max(tokenizer.get_vocab().values()) < vocab_size
@@ -1003,178 +961,15 @@ class QwenModel(Model):
            print(f"{new_name}, n_dims = {n_dims}, {old_dtype} --> {data.dtype}")
            self.gguf_writer.add_tensor(new_name, data)

-
-class GPT2Model(Model):
-    def set_gguf_parameters(self):
-        self.gguf_writer.add_name(self.dir_model.name)
-        self.gguf_writer.add_block_count(self.hparams["n_layer"])
-        self.gguf_writer.add_context_length(self.hparams["n_ctx"])
-        self.gguf_writer.add_embedding_length(self.hparams["n_embd"])
-        self.gguf_writer.add_feed_forward_length(4 * self.hparams["n_embd"])
-        self.gguf_writer.add_head_count(self.hparams["n_head"])
-        self.gguf_writer.add_layer_norm_eps(self.hparams["layer_norm_epsilon"])
-        self.gguf_writer.add_file_type(self.ftype)
-
-    def write_tensors(self):
-        block_count = self.hparams.get("n_layers", self.hparams.get("num_hidden_layers", self.hparams.get("n_layer")))
-        tensor_map = gguf.get_tensor_name_map(self.model_arch, block_count)
-
-        for name, data_torch in self.get_tensors():
-            # we don't need these
-            if name.endswith((".attention.masked_bias", ".attention.bias", ".attention.rotary_emb.inv_freq", ".attn.bias")):
-                continue
-
-            if name.endswith((".c_attn.weight", ".c_proj.weight", ".c_fc.weight", ".c_proj.weight")):
-                data_torch = data_torch.transpose(1, 0)
-
-            old_dtype = data_torch.dtype
-
-            # convert any unsupported data types to float32
-            if data_torch.dtype not in (torch.float16, torch.float32):
-                data_torch = data_torch.to(torch.float32)
-
-            data = data_torch.squeeze().numpy()
-
-            # map tensor names
-            new_name = tensor_map.get_name(name, try_suffixes=(".weight", ".bias"))
-            if new_name is None:
-                print(f"Can not map tensor {name!r}")
-                sys.exit()
-
-            n_dims = len(data.shape)
-            data_dtype = data.dtype
-
-            # if f32 desired, convert any float16 to float32
-            if self.ftype == 0 and data_dtype == np.float16:
-                data = data.astype(np.float32)
-
-            # TODO: Why cant we use these float16 as-is? There should be not reason to store float16 as float32
-            if self.ftype == 1 and data_dtype == np.float16 and n_dims == 1:
-                data = data.astype(np.float32)
-
-            # if f16 desired, convert any float32 2-dim weight tensors to float16
-            if self.ftype == 1 and data_dtype == np.float32 and name.endswith(".weight") and n_dims == 2:
-                data = data.astype(np.float16)
-
-            print(f"{new_name}, n_dims = {n_dims}, {old_dtype} --> {data.dtype}")
-
-            self.gguf_writer.add_tensor(new_name, data)
-
-            # note: GPT2 output is tied to (same as) wte in original model
-            if new_name == "token_embd.weight":
-                print(f"output.weight, n_dims = {n_dims}, {old_dtype} --> {data.dtype}")
-                self.gguf_writer.add_tensor("output.weight", data)
-
-
-class Phi2Model(Model):
-    def set_gguf_parameters(self):
-        block_count = self.hparams["n_layer"]
-
-        self.gguf_writer.add_name("Phi2")
-        self.gguf_writer.add_context_length(self.hparams["n_positions"])
-        self.gguf_writer.add_embedding_length(self.hparams["n_embd"])
-        self.gguf_writer.add_feed_forward_length(4 * self.hparams["n_embd"])
-        self.gguf_writer.add_block_count(block_count)
-        self.gguf_writer.add_head_count(self.hparams["n_head"])
-        self.gguf_writer.add_head_count_kv(self.hparams["n_head"])
-        self.gguf_writer.add_layer_norm_eps(self.hparams["layer_norm_epsilon"])
-        self.gguf_writer.add_rope_dimension_count(self.hparams["rotary_dim"])
-        self.gguf_writer.add_file_type(self.ftype)
-        self.gguf_writer.add_add_bos_token(False)
-
-
-class PlamoModel(Model):
-    def set_vocab(self):
-        self._set_vocab_sentencepiece()
-
-    def set_gguf_parameters(self):
-        hparams = self.hparams
-        block_count = hparams["num_hidden_layers"]
-
-        self.gguf_writer.add_name("PLaMo")
-        self.gguf_writer.add_context_length(4096)  # not in config.json
-        self.gguf_writer.add_embedding_length(hparams["hidden_size"])
-        self.gguf_writer.add_feed_forward_length(hparams["intermediate_size"])
-        self.gguf_writer.add_block_count(block_count)
-        self.gguf_writer.add_head_count(hparams["num_attention_heads"])
-        self.gguf_writer.add_head_count_kv(5)  # hparams["num_key_value_heads"]) is wrong
-        self.gguf_writer.add_layer_norm_rms_eps(hparams["rms_norm_eps"])
-
-    def shuffle_attn_q_weight(self, data_torch):
-        assert data_torch.size() == (5120, 5120)
-        data_torch = data_torch.reshape(8, 5, 128, 5120)
-        data_torch = torch.permute(data_torch, (1, 0, 2, 3))
-        data_torch = torch.reshape(data_torch, (5120, 5120))
-        return data_torch
-
-    def shuffle_attn_output_weight(self, data_torch):
-        assert data_torch.size() == (5120, 5120)
-        data_torch = data_torch.reshape(5120, 8, 5, 128)
-        data_torch = torch.permute(data_torch, (0, 2, 1, 3))
-        data_torch = torch.reshape(data_torch, (5120, 5120))
-        return data_torch
-
-    def write_tensors(self):
-        block_count = self.hparams.get("num_layers", self.hparams.get("num_hidden_layers"))
-        tensor_map = gguf.get_tensor_name_map(self.model_arch, block_count)
-
-        for name, data_torch in self.get_tensors():
-            if "self_attn.rotary_emb.inv_freq" in name:
-                continue
-
-            # map tensor names
-            new_name = tensor_map.get_name(name, try_suffixes=(".weight", ".bias"))
-            if new_name is None:
-                print(f"Can not map tensor {name!r}")
-                sys.exit()
-
-            # shuffle for broadcasting of gqa in ggml_mul_mat
-            if new_name.endswith("attn_q.weight"):
-                data_torch = self.shuffle_attn_q_weight(data_torch)
-            elif new_name.endswith("attn_output.weight"):
-                data_torch = self.shuffle_attn_output_weight(data_torch)
-
-            old_dtype = data_torch.dtype
-
-            # convert any unsupported data types to float32
-            if data_torch.dtype not in (torch.float16, torch.float32):
-                data_torch = data_torch.to(torch.float32)
-
-            data = data_torch.squeeze().numpy()
-
-            n_dims = len(data.shape)
-            data_dtype = data.dtype
-
-            # if f32 desired, convert any float16 to float32
-            if self.ftype == 0 and data_dtype == np.float16:
-                data = data.astype(np.float32)
-
-            # TODO: Why cant we use these float16 as-is? There should be not reason to store float16 as float32
-            if self.ftype == 1 and data_dtype == np.float16 and n_dims == 1:
-                data = data.astype(np.float32)
-
-            # if f16 desired, convert any float32 2-dim weight tensors to float16
-            if self.ftype == 1 and data_dtype == np.float32 and name.endswith(".weight") and n_dims == 2:
-                data = data.astype(np.float16)
-
-            print(f"{new_name}, n_dims = {n_dims}, {old_dtype} --> {data.dtype}")
-
-            self.gguf_writer.add_tensor(new_name, data)
-
-
 ###### CONVERSION LOGIC ######


 def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace:
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
-        description="Convert a huggingface model to a GGML compatible file")
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Convert a huggingface model to a GGML compatible file")
    parser.add_argument(
        "--vocab-only", action="store_true",
        help="extract only the vocab",
    )
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--awq-path", type=Path, default=None,
-        help="Path to scale awq cache file")
    parser.add_argument(
        "--outfile", type=Path,
        help="path to write to; default: based on input",
@@ -1192,62 +987,43 @@ def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace:
    return parser.parse_args()


-def main() -> None:
-    args = parse_args()
+args = parse_args()

-    dir_model = args.model
+dir_model = args.model
+if not dir_model.is_dir():
+    print(f'Error: {args.model} is not a directory', file=sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)

-    if args.awq_path:
-        sys.path.insert(1, str(Path(__file__).parent / 'awq-py'))
-        from awq.apply_awq import add_scale_weights
-        tmp_model_path = args.model / "weighted_model"
-        dir_model = tmp_model_path
-        if tmp_model_path.is_dir():
-            print(f"{tmp_model_path} exists as a weighted model.")
-        else:
-            tmp_model_path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-            print("Saving new weighted model ...")
-            add_scale_weights(str(args.model), str(args.awq_path), str(tmp_model_path))
-            print(f"Saved weighted model at {tmp_model_path}.")
+ftype_map = {
+    "f32": gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.F32,
+    "f16": gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.F16,
+}

-    if not dir_model.is_dir():
-        print(f'Error: {args.model} is not a directory', file=sys.stderr)
-        sys.exit(1)
+if args.outfile is not None:
+    fname_out = args.outfile
+else:
+    # output in the same directory as the model by default
+    fname_out = dir_model / f'ggml-model-{args.outtype}.gguf'

-    ftype_map = {
-        "f32": gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.F32,
-        "f16": gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.F16,
-    }
+print(f"Loading model: {dir_model.name}")

-    if args.outfile is not None:
-        fname_out = args.outfile
+hparams = Model.load_hparams(dir_model)
+
+with torch.inference_mode():
+    model_class = Model.from_model_architecture(hparams["architectures"][0])
+    model_instance = model_class(dir_model, ftype_map[args.outtype], fname_out, args.bigendian)
+
+    print("Set model parameters")
+    model_instance.set_gguf_parameters()
+
+    print("Set model tokenizer")
+    model_instance.set_vocab()
+
+    if args.vocab_only:
+        print(f"Exporting model vocab to '{fname_out}'")
+        model_instance.write_vocab()
    else:
-        # output in the same directory as the model by default
-        fname_out = dir_model / f'ggml-model-{args.outtype}.gguf'
+        print(f"Exporting model to '{fname_out}'")
+        model_instance.write()

-    print(f"Loading model: {dir_model.name}")
-
-    hparams = Model.load_hparams(dir_model)
-
-    with torch.inference_mode():
-        model_class = Model.from_model_architecture(hparams["architectures"][0])
-        model_instance = model_class(dir_model, ftype_map[args.outtype], fname_out, args.bigendian)
-
-        print("Set model parameters")
-        model_instance.set_gguf_parameters()
-
-        print("Set model tokenizer")
-        model_instance.set_vocab()
-
-        if args.vocab_only:
-            print(f"Exporting model vocab to '{fname_out}'")
-            model_instance.write_vocab()
-        else:
-            print(f"Exporting model to '{fname_out}'")
-            model_instance.write()
-
-        print(f"Model successfully exported to '{fname_out}'")
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    main()
+    print(f"Model successfully exported to '{fname_out}'")
--- a/convert-lora-to-ggml.py
+++ b/convert-lora-to-ggml.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations

 import json
 import os
+import re
 import struct
 import sys
 from typing import Any, BinaryIO, Sequence
@@ -10,15 +11,43 @@ from typing import Any, BinaryIO, Sequence
 import numpy as np
 import torch

-from pathlib import Path
-if 'NO_LOCAL_GGUF' not in os.environ:
-    sys.path.insert(1, str(Path(__file__).parent / 'gguf-py' / 'gguf'))
-import gguf
-
-
 NUMPY_TYPE_TO_FTYPE: dict[str, int] = {"float32": 0, "float16": 1}


+HF_SUBLAYER_TO_GGML = {
+    "self_attn.q_proj": "attn_q",
+    "self_attn.k_proj": "attn_k",
+    "self_attn.v_proj": "attn_v",
+    "self_attn.o_proj": "attn_output",
+    "mlp.gate_proj": "ffn_gate",
+    "mlp.down_proj": "ffn_down",
+    "mlp.up_proj": "ffn_up",
+    "input_layernorm": "attn_norm",
+    "post_attention_layernorm": "ffn_norm",
+}
+
+
+def translate_tensor_name(t: str) -> str:
+    match = re.match(r".*layers\.(\d+)\.(\w+\.\w+)\.lora_(A|B)\.weight", t)
+    if match:
+        nn = match.group(1)
+        sub_layer = match.group(2)
+        lora_type = match.group(3)
+
+        sub_layer_renamed = HF_SUBLAYER_TO_GGML.get(sub_layer)
+        if sub_layer_renamed is None:
+            print(f"Error: unrecognized sub-layer {sub_layer} in tensor {t}")
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+        output_string = (
+            f"blk.{nn}.{HF_SUBLAYER_TO_GGML[sub_layer]}.weight.lora{lora_type}"
+        )
+        return output_string
+    else:
+        print(f"Error: unrecognized tensor {t}")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+
 def write_file_header(fout: BinaryIO, params: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
    fout.write(b"ggla"[::-1])  # magic (ggml lora)
    fout.write(struct.pack("i", 1))  # file version
@@ -32,7 +61,9 @@ def write_file_header(fout: BinaryIO, params: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
    fout.write(struct.pack("i", int(params["lora_alpha"])))


-def write_tensor_header(fout: BinaryIO, name: str, shape: Sequence[int], data_type: np.dtype[Any]) -> None:
+def write_tensor_header(
+    self, name: str, shape: Sequence[int], data_type: np.dtype[Any]
+) -> None:
    sname = name.encode("utf-8")
    fout.write(
        struct.pack(
@@ -47,96 +78,60 @@ def write_tensor_header(fout: BinaryIO, name: str, shape: Sequence[int], data_ty
    fout.seek((fout.tell() + 31) & -32)


-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    if len(sys.argv) < 2:
-        print(f"Usage: python {sys.argv[0]} <path> [arch]")
-        print(
-            "Path must contain HuggingFace PEFT LoRA files 'adapter_config.json' and 'adapter_model.bin'"
-        )
-        print(f"Arch must be one of {list(gguf.MODEL_ARCH_NAMES.values())} (default: llama)")
-        sys.exit(1)
+if len(sys.argv) != 2:
+    print(f"Usage: python {sys.argv[0]} <path>")
+    print(
+        "Path must contain HuggingFace PEFT LoRA files 'adapter_config.json' and 'adapter_model.bin'"
+    )
+    sys.exit(1)

-    input_json = os.path.join(sys.argv[1], "adapter_config.json")
-    input_model = os.path.join(sys.argv[1], "adapter_model.bin")
-    output_path = os.path.join(sys.argv[1], "ggml-adapter-model.bin")
+input_json = os.path.join(sys.argv[1], "adapter_config.json")
+input_model = os.path.join(sys.argv[1], "adapter_model.bin")
+output_path = os.path.join(sys.argv[1], "ggml-adapter-model.bin")

-    model = torch.load(input_model, map_location="cpu")
-    arch_name = sys.argv[2] if len(sys.argv) == 3 else "llama"
+model = torch.load(input_model, map_location="cpu")

-    if arch_name not in gguf.MODEL_ARCH_NAMES.values():
-        print(f"Error: unsupported architecture {arch_name}")
-        sys.exit(1)
+with open(input_json, "r") as f:
+    params = json.load(f)

-    arch = list(gguf.MODEL_ARCH_NAMES.keys())[list(gguf.MODEL_ARCH_NAMES.values()).index(arch_name)]
-    name_map = gguf.TensorNameMap(arch, 200) # 200 layers ought to be enough for anyone
+if params["peft_type"] != "LORA":
+    print(f"Error: unsupported adapter type {params['peft_type']}, expected LORA")
+    sys.exit(1)

-    with open(input_json, "r") as f:
-        params = json.load(f)
+if params["fan_in_fan_out"] is True:
+    print("Error: param fan_in_fan_out is not supported")
+    sys.exit(1)

-    if params["peft_type"] != "LORA":
-        print(f"Error: unsupported adapter type {params['peft_type']}, expected LORA")
-        sys.exit(1)
+if params["bias"] is not None and params["bias"] != "none":
+    print("Error: param bias is not supported")
+    sys.exit(1)

-    if params["fan_in_fan_out"] is True:
-        print("Error: param fan_in_fan_out is not supported")
-        sys.exit(1)
+# TODO: these seem to be layers that have been trained but without lora.
+# doesn't seem widely used but eventually should be supported
+if params["modules_to_save"] is not None and len(params["modules_to_save"]) > 0:
+    print("Error: param modules_to_save is not supported")
+    sys.exit(1)

-    if params["bias"] is not None and params["bias"] != "none":
-        print("Error: param bias is not supported")
-        sys.exit(1)
+with open(output_path, "wb") as fout:
+    fout.truncate()

-    # TODO: these seem to be layers that have been trained but without lora.
-    # doesn't seem widely used but eventually should be supported
-    if params["modules_to_save"] is not None and len(params["modules_to_save"]) > 0:
-        print("Error: param modules_to_save is not supported")
-        sys.exit(1)
-
-    with open(output_path, "wb") as fout:
-        fout.truncate()
-
-        write_file_header(fout, params)
-        for k, v in model.items():
-            orig_k = k
-            if k.endswith(".default.weight"):
-                k = k.replace(".default.weight", ".weight")
-            if k in ["llama_proj.weight", "llama_proj.bias"]:
-                continue
-            if k.endswith("lora_A.weight"):
-                if v.dtype != torch.float16 and v.dtype != torch.float32:
-                    v = v.float()
-                v = v.T
-            else:
+    write_file_header(fout, params)
+    for k, v in model.items():
+        if k.endswith(".default.weight"):
+            k = k.replace(".default.weight", ".weight")
+        if k in ["llama_proj.weight", "llama_proj.bias"]:
+            continue
+        if k.endswith("lora_A.weight"):
+            if v.dtype != torch.float16 and v.dtype != torch.float32:
                v = v.float()
+            v = v.T
+        else:
+            v = v.float()

-            t = v.detach().numpy()
+        t = v.detach().numpy()
+        tname = translate_tensor_name(k)
+        print(f"{k} => {tname} {t.shape} {t.dtype} {t.nbytes/1024/1024:.2f}MB")
+        write_tensor_header(fout, tname, t.shape, t.dtype)
+        t.tofile(fout)

-            prefix = "base_model.model."
-            if k.startswith(prefix):
-                k = k[len(prefix) :]
-
-            lora_suffixes = (".lora_A.weight", ".lora_B.weight")
-            if k.endswith(lora_suffixes):
-                suffix = k[-len(lora_suffixes[0]):]
-                k = k[: -len(lora_suffixes[0])]
-            else:
-                print(f"Error: unrecognized tensor name {orig_k}")
-                sys.exit(1)
-
-            tname = name_map.get_name(k)
-            if tname is None:
-                print(f"Error: could not map tensor name {orig_k}")
-                print(" Note: the arch parameter must be specified if the model is not llama")
-                sys.exit(1)
-
-            if suffix == ".lora_A.weight":
-                tname += ".weight.loraA"
-            elif suffix == ".lora_B.weight":
-                tname += ".weight.loraB"
-            else:
-                assert False
-
-            print(f"{k} => {tname} {t.shape} {t.dtype} {t.nbytes/1024/1024:.2f}MB")
-            write_tensor_header(fout, tname, t.shape, t.dtype)
-            t.tofile(fout)
-
-    print(f"Converted {input_json} and {input_model} to {output_path}")
+print(f"Converted {input_json} and {input_model} to {output_path}")
--- a/convert-persimmon-to-gguf.py
+++ b/convert-persimmon-to-gguf.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
 import torch
 import os
 from pprint import pprint
--- a/convert.py
+++ b/convert.py
--- a/examples/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/examples/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -31,12 +31,9 @@ else()
    add_subdirectory(quantize-stats)
    add_subdirectory(save-load-state)
    add_subdirectory(simple)
-    add_subdirectory(passkey)
    add_subdirectory(speculative)
    add_subdirectory(lookahead)
-    add_subdirectory(lookup)
    add_subdirectory(train-text-from-scratch)
-    add_subdirectory(imatrix)
    if (LLAMA_METAL)
        add_subdirectory(metal)
    endif()
--- a/examples/baby-llama/baby-llama.cpp
+++ b/examples/baby-llama/baby-llama.cpp
@@ -575,7 +575,10 @@ static struct ggml_tensor * forward(

            // KQ_scaled = KQ / sqrt(n_embd/n_head)
            // KQ_scaled shape [n_past + N, N, n_head, 1]
-            struct ggml_tensor * KQ_scaled = ggml_scale(ctx0, KQ, 1.0f/sqrtf(float(n_embd)/n_head));
+            struct ggml_tensor * KQ_scaled =
+                ggml_scale(ctx0,
+                        KQ,
+                        ggml_new_f32(ctx0, 1.0f/sqrtf(float(n_embd)/n_head)));

            // KQ_masked = mask_past(KQ_scaled)
            // KQ_masked shape [n_past + N, N, n_head, 1]
@@ -841,7 +844,10 @@ static struct ggml_tensor * forward_batch(

            // KQ_scaled = KQ / sqrt(n_embd/n_head)
            // KQ_scaled shape [n_past + N, N, n_head, n_batch]
-            struct ggml_tensor * KQ_scaled = ggml_scale(ctx0, KQ, 1.0f/sqrtf(float(n_embd)/n_head));
+            struct ggml_tensor * KQ_scaled =
+                ggml_scale(ctx0,
+                        KQ,
+                        ggml_new_f32(ctx0, 1.0f/sqrtf(float(n_embd)/n_head)));
            assert_shape_4d(KQ_scaled, n_past + N, N, n_head, n_batch);

            // KQ_masked = mask_past(KQ_scaled)
@@ -1125,7 +1131,10 @@ static struct ggml_tensor * forward_lora(

            // KQ_scaled = KQ / sqrt(n_embd/n_head)
            // KQ_scaled shape [n_past + N, N, n_head, 1]
-            struct ggml_tensor * KQ_scaled = ggml_scale(ctx0, KQ, 1.0f/sqrtf(float(n_embd)/n_head));
+            struct ggml_tensor * KQ_scaled =
+                ggml_scale(ctx0,
+                        KQ,
+                        ggml_new_f32(ctx0, 1.0f/sqrtf(float(n_embd)/n_head)));

            // KQ_masked = mask_past(KQ_scaled)
            // KQ_masked shape [n_past + N, N, n_head, 1]
@@ -1249,9 +1258,9 @@ static struct ggml_tensor * forward_lora(
 }

 static void sample_softmax(struct ggml_tensor * logits, struct ggml_tensor * probs, struct ggml_tensor * best_samples) {
-    assert(ggml_is_matrix(logits));
-    assert(ggml_is_matrix(probs));
-    assert(ggml_is_vector(best_samples));
+    assert(logits->n_dims == 2);
+    assert(probs->n_dims == 2);
+    assert(best_samples->n_dims == 1);
    assert(logits->ne[1] == best_samples->ne[0]);
    assert(logits->ne[0] == probs->ne[0]);
    assert(logits->ne[1] == probs->ne[1]);
@@ -1283,9 +1292,9 @@ static void sample_softmax_batch(
    struct ggml_context * ctx, struct ggml_tensor * logits, struct ggml_tensor * probs,
    struct ggml_tensor * best_samples
 ) {
-    GGML_ASSERT(ggml_is_matrix(best_samples));
-    GGML_ASSERT(ggml_is_3d(logits));
-    GGML_ASSERT(ggml_is_3d(probs));
+    GGML_ASSERT(best_samples->n_dims == 2);
+    GGML_ASSERT(logits->n_dims == 3);
+    GGML_ASSERT(probs->n_dims == 3);
    int n_tokens = best_samples->ne[0];
    int n_batch  = best_samples->ne[1];
    int n_vocab  = logits->ne[0];
@@ -1325,7 +1334,7 @@ static void print_row(struct ggml_tensor * probs, int i) {
 }

 static void print_matrix(struct ggml_tensor * probs) {
-    assert(ggml_is_matrix(probs));
+    assert(probs->n_dims == 2);
    for (int i = 0; i < probs->ne[1]; ++i) {
        for (int k = 0; k < probs->ne[0]; ++k) {
            float p = ggml_get_f32_1d(probs, i*probs->ne[0] + k);
@@ -1377,8 +1386,8 @@ static void get_example_targets(int example_id, struct ggml_tensor * tokens_inpu
 static void get_example_targets_batch(
    struct ggml_context * ctx, int example_id, struct ggml_tensor * tokens_input, struct ggml_tensor * targets
 ) {
-    GGML_ASSERT(ggml_is_matrix(tokens_input));
-    GGML_ASSERT(ggml_is_3d(targets));
+    GGML_ASSERT(tokens_input->n_dims == 2);
+    GGML_ASSERT(     targets->n_dims == 3);
    int n_tokens = tokens_input->ne[0];
    int n_batch  = tokens_input->ne[1];
    GGML_ASSERT(n_tokens == targets->ne[1]);
--- a/examples/base-translate.sh
+++ b/examples/base-translate.sh
@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-#
-# Few-shot translation example.
-# Requires a base model (i.e. no fine-tuned or instruct models).
-#
-# Usage:
-#
-#   cd llama.cpp
-#   make -j
-#
-#   ./examples/base-translate.sh <model-base> "<text>" [extra-main-args]
-#
-
-if [ $# -lt 2 ]; then
-  echo "Usage: ./base-translate.sh <model-base> \"<text>\" [extra-main-args]"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-eargs=""
-if [ $# -gt 2 ]; then
-  eargs="${@:3}"
-fi
-
-ftmp="__llama.cpp_example_tmp__.txt"
-trap "rm -f $ftmp" EXIT
-
-echo "Translate from English to French:
-
-===
-
-sea otter, peppermint, plush girafe:
-
-sea otter => loutre de mer
-peppermint => menthe poivrée
-plush girafe => girafe peluche
-
-===
-
-violin
-
-violin => violon
-
-===
-
-phone, computer, mouse, keyboard:
-
-phone => téléphone
-computer => ordinateur
-mouse => souris
-keyboard => clavier
-
-===
-" > $ftmp
-
-echo "$2
-" >> $ftmp
-
-model=$1
-
-# generate the most likely continuation until the string "===" is found
-./main -m $model -f $ftmp -n 64 --temp 0 --repeat-penalty 1.0 --no-penalize-nl -r "===" $eargs
--- a/examples/batched.swift/Sources/main.swift
+++ b/examples/batched.swift/Sources/main.swift
@@ -215,10 +215,9 @@ print("decoded \(n_decode) tokens in \(String(format: "%.2f", Double(t_main_end
 llama_print_timings(context)

 private func tokenize(text: String, add_bos: Bool) -> [llama_token] {
-    let utf8Count = text.utf8.count
-    let n_tokens = utf8Count + (add_bos ? 1 : 0)
+    let n_tokens = text.count + (add_bos ? 1 : 0)
    let tokens = UnsafeMutablePointer<llama_token>.allocate(capacity: n_tokens)
-    let tokenCount = llama_tokenize(model, text, Int32(utf8Count), tokens, Int32(n_tokens), add_bos, /*special tokens*/ false)
+    let tokenCount = llama_tokenize(model, text, Int32(text.count), tokens, Int32(n_tokens), add_bos, /*special tokens*/ false)
    var swiftTokens: [llama_token] = []
    for i in 0 ..< tokenCount {
        swiftTokens.append(tokens[Int(i)])
--- a/examples/batched/batched.cpp
+++ b/examples/batched/batched.cpp
@@ -69,7 +69,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    std::vector<llama_token> tokens_list;
    tokens_list = ::llama_tokenize(model, params.prompt, true);
-
    const int n_kv_req = tokens_list.size() + (n_len - tokens_list.size())*n_parallel;

    // initialize the context
--- a/examples/benchmark/benchmark-matmult.cpp
+++ b/examples/benchmark/benchmark-matmult.cpp
@@ -129,13 +129,13 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv)  {
    const ggml_type qtype = GGML_TYPE_Q4_1;

    size_t ctx_size = 0;
-    ctx_size += ggml_row_size(GGML_TYPE_F32, sizex*sizey);
-    ctx_size += ggml_row_size(GGML_TYPE_F32, sizex*sizey);
-    ctx_size += ggml_row_size(GGML_TYPE_F32, sizex*sizez);
-    ctx_size += ggml_row_size(qtype,         sizex*sizey);
-    ctx_size += ggml_row_size(qtype,         sizex*sizey);
-    ctx_size += ggml_row_size(GGML_TYPE_F32, sizex*sizey); // BLAS
-    ctx_size += ggml_row_size(GGML_TYPE_F32, sizex*sizey); // BLAS
+    ctx_size += sizex*sizey*ggml_type_sizef(GGML_TYPE_F32);
+    ctx_size += sizex*sizey*ggml_type_sizef(GGML_TYPE_F32);
+    ctx_size += sizex*sizez*ggml_type_sizef(GGML_TYPE_F32);
+    ctx_size += sizex*sizey*ggml_type_sizef(qtype);
+    ctx_size += sizex*sizey*ggml_type_sizef(qtype);
+    ctx_size += sizex*sizey*ggml_type_sizef(GGML_TYPE_F32); // BLAS
+    ctx_size += sizex*sizey*ggml_type_sizef(GGML_TYPE_F32); // BLAS
    ctx_size += 1024*1024*16;

    printf("Allocating Memory of size %zi bytes, %zi MB\n",ctx_size, (ctx_size/1024/1024));
--- a/examples/convert-llama2c-to-ggml/convert-llama2c-to-ggml.cpp
+++ b/examples/convert-llama2c-to-ggml/convert-llama2c-to-ggml.cpp
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ static void print_row(struct ggml_tensor * probs, int i) {
 }

 static void print_matrix(struct ggml_tensor * probs) {
-    assert(ggml_is_matrix(probs));
+    assert(probs->n_dims == 2);
    for (int i = 0; i < probs->ne[1]; ++i) {
        for (int k = 0; k < probs->ne[0]; ++k) {
            float p = get_f32_2d(probs, k, i);
@@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ static void load_vocab(const char *filename, Config *config, struct llama_vocab

 static void convert_weights_ak_to_gg(struct ggml_tensor * gg_weights, const float * karpathy_weights) {
    int ct;
-    switch (ggml_n_dims(gg_weights)) {
+    switch (gg_weights->n_dims){
        case 1:
            ct = 0;
            for (int i0 = 0; i0 < gg_weights->ne[0]; i0++){
--- a/examples/export-lora/export-lora.cpp
+++ b/examples/export-lora/export-lora.cpp
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ static struct ggml_cgraph * build_graph_lora(
 ) {
    struct ggml_tensor * ab = ggml_mul_mat(ctx, lora_a, lora_b);
    if (scaling != 1.0f) {
-        ab = ggml_scale(ctx, ab, scaling);
+        ab = ggml_scale(ctx, ab, ggml_new_f32(ctx, scaling));
    }
    struct ggml_tensor * res = ggml_add_inplace(ctx, tensor, ab);

--- a/examples/finetune/README.md
+++ b/examples/finetune/README.md
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ For example to apply 40% of the 'shakespeare' LORA adapter, 80% of the 'bible' L
  --lora lora-open-llama-3b-v2-q8_0-yet-another-one-LATEST.bin
 ```

-The scale numbers don't need to add up to one, and you can also use numbers greater than 1 to further increase the influence of an adapter. But making the values too big will sometimes result in worse output. Play around to find good values.
+The scale numbers don't need to add up to one, and you can also use numbers greater than 1 to further increase the influence of an adapter. But making the values to big will sometimes result in worse output. Play around to find good values.

 Gradient checkpointing reduces the memory requirements by ~50% but increases the runtime.
 If you have enough RAM, you can make finetuning a bit faster by disabling checkpointing with `--no-checkpointing`.
--- a/examples/finetune/finetune.cpp
+++ b/examples/finetune/finetune.cpp
@@ -3,9 +3,15 @@
 #include "llama.h"
 #include "common.h"
 #include "train.h"
+#include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <climits>
 #include <cstring>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <ctime>
+#include <random>
+#include <stdexcept>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <string>

@@ -190,13 +196,13 @@ static const char * LLM_TENSOR_FFN_DOWN      = "blk.%d.ffn_down";
 static const char * LLM_TENSOR_FFN_UP        = "blk.%d.ffn_up";

 static void print_params(struct my_llama_hparams * params) {
-    printf("%s: n_vocab               : %u\n", __func__, params->n_vocab);
-    printf("%s: n_ctx                 : %u\n", __func__, params->n_ctx);
-    printf("%s: n_embd                : %u\n", __func__, params->n_embd);
-    printf("%s: n_ff                  : %u\n", __func__, params->n_ff);
-    printf("%s: n_head                : %u\n", __func__, params->n_head);
-    printf("%s: n_head_kv             : %u\n", __func__, params->n_head_kv);
-    printf("%s: n_layer               : %u\n", __func__, params->n_layer);
+    printf("%s: n_vocab:   %u\n", __func__, params->n_vocab);
+    printf("%s: n_ctx:     %u\n", __func__, params->n_ctx);
+    printf("%s: n_embd:    %u\n", __func__, params->n_embd);
+    printf("%s: n_ff:      %u\n", __func__, params->n_ff);
+    printf("%s: n_head:    %u\n", __func__, params->n_head);
+    printf("%s: n_head_kv: %u\n", __func__, params->n_head_kv);
+    printf("%s: n_layer:   %u\n", __func__, params->n_layer);
    printf("%s: norm_rms_eps          : %f\n", __func__, params->f_norm_rms_eps);
    printf("%s: rope_freq_base        : %f\n", __func__, params->rope_freq_base);
    printf("%s: rope_freq_scale       : %f\n", __func__, params->rope_freq_scale);
@@ -263,7 +269,7 @@ static void load_model_hparams_gguf(struct gguf_context * ctx, struct my_llama_h
    float rope_freq_scale = 1.0f;
    GGUF_GET_KEY(ctx, hparams->f_norm_rms_eps, gguf_get_val_f32, GGUF_TYPE_FLOAT32, false, kv(LLM_KV_ATTENTION_LAYERNORM_RMS_EPS));
    GGUF_GET_KEY(ctx, hparams->rope_freq_base, gguf_get_val_f32, GGUF_TYPE_FLOAT32, false, kv(LLM_KV_ROPE_FREQ_BASE));
-    GGUF_GET_KEY(ctx, rope_freq_scale,         gguf_get_val_f32, GGUF_TYPE_FLOAT32, false, kv(LLM_KV_ROPE_SCALE_LINEAR));
+    GGUF_GET_KEY(ctx, rope_freq_scale, gguf_get_val_f32, GGUF_TYPE_FLOAT32, false, kv(LLM_KV_ROPE_SCALE_LINEAR));
    if (rope_freq_scale != 1.0f) {
        hparams->rope_freq_scale = 1.0f / rope_freq_scale;
    }
@@ -606,7 +612,6 @@ static struct ggml_tensor * llama_build_lora_finetune_graphs(
    const int n_rot       = hparams.n_embd_head();
    const int n_embd_head = hparams.n_embd_head();
    const int n_embd_gqa  = hparams.n_embd_gqa();
-
    const float rms_norm_eps    = hparams.f_norm_rms_eps;
    const float rope_freq_base  = hparams.rope_freq_base;
    const float rope_freq_scale = hparams.rope_freq_scale;
@@ -675,7 +680,10 @@ static struct ggml_tensor * llama_build_lora_finetune_graphs(
        checkpoints.push_back(t01);
    }

-    const float kv_scale = 1.0f/sqrtf(float(n_embd)/n_head);
+    struct ggml_tensor * kv_scale = NULL;
+    if (!enable_flash_attn) {
+        kv_scale = ggml_new_f32(ctx, 1.0f/sqrtf(float(n_embd)/n_head));
+    }

    for (int il = 0; il < n_layer; ++il) {
        struct my_llama_layer & layer = model->layers[il];
@@ -773,32 +781,32 @@ static struct ggml_tensor * llama_build_lora_finetune_graphs(
    // make sure some tensors are not reallocated by inserting new temporary nodes depending on them
    int n_leafs_before = gb->n_leafs;
    int n_nodes_before = gb->n_nodes;
-
+    struct ggml_tensor * one = ggml_new_f32(ctx, 1.0f);
    // output tensors
-    ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, t35, 1.0f));
-    ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, t36, 1.0f));
+    ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, t35, one));
+    ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, t36, one));
    // input gradient
-    ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, t36->grad, 1.0f));
+    ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, t36->grad, one));
    GGML_ASSERT(t36->grad->data == NULL && t36->grad->view_src == NULL);
    ggml_allocr_alloc(alloc, t36->grad);
    // KQ_pos
-    ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, KQ_pos, 1.0f));
+    ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, KQ_pos, one));

    // make sure base model tensors data cannot be used in viewable operations
-    ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, model->tok_embeddings, 1.0f));
-    ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, model->norm, 1.0f));
-    ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, model->output, 1.0f));
+    ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, model->tok_embeddings, one));
+    ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, model->norm, one));
+    ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, model->output, one));
    for (int il = 0; il < n_layer; ++il) {
        struct my_llama_layer & layer = model->layers[il];
-        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.attention_norm, 1.0f));
-        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.ffn_norm, 1.0f));
-        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.wq, 1.0f));
-        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.wk, 1.0f));
-        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.wv, 1.0f));
-        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.wo, 1.0f));
-        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.w1, 1.0f));
-        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.w2, 1.0f));
-        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.w3, 1.0f));
+        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.attention_norm, one));
+        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.ffn_norm, one));
+        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.wq, one));
+        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.wk, one));
+        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.wv, one));
+        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.wo, one));
+        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.w1, one));
+        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.w2, one));
+        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, layer.w3, one));
    }

    // allocating checkpoints in one block to reduce memory fragmentation
@@ -1102,7 +1110,7 @@ static void write_tensor(struct llama_file * file, struct ggml_tensor * tensor,
        name = ggml_get_name(tensor);
    }
    uint32_t name_len = strlen(name);
-    uint32_t nd = ggml_n_dims(tensor);
+    uint32_t nd = tensor->n_dims;
    uint32_t ne[4] = { (uint32_t)tensor->ne[0],
                       (uint32_t)tensor->ne[1],
                       (uint32_t)tensor->ne[2],
@@ -1612,6 +1620,8 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    opt->params.adam.gclip              = params.common.adam_gclip;
    opt->params.adam.eps_f              = params.common.adam_eps_f;

+    ggml_allocr * alloc = NULL;
+
    printf("%s: init model\n", __func__);
    bool existed = load_checkpoint_lora_file(params.common.fn_checkpoint_in, &model, &lora, train);

@@ -1715,9 +1725,10 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    // allocate input tensors
    mem_input_data.resize(max_input_size);
-    ggml_allocr_t alloc_inps = ggml_allocr_new(mem_input_data.data(), mem_input_data.size(), tensor_alignment);
-    ggml_allocr_alloc(alloc_inps, tokens_input);
-    ggml_allocr_alloc(alloc_inps, target_probs);
+    alloc = ggml_allocr_new(mem_input_data.data(), mem_input_data.size(), tensor_alignment);
+    ggml_allocr_alloc(alloc, tokens_input);
+    ggml_allocr_alloc(alloc, target_probs);
+    ggml_allocr_free(alloc);

    // context for compute tensors without their data
    const size_t estimated_compute_size_wo_data = (
@@ -1744,7 +1755,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    // find best evaluation order
    for (unsigned order = 0; order < (unsigned) GGML_CGRAPH_EVAL_ORDER_COUNT; ++order) {
        ctx_compute = ggml_init(ctx_compute_params);
-        ggml_allocr_t alloc = ggml_allocr_new_measure(tensor_alignment);
+        alloc = ggml_allocr_new_measure(tensor_alignment);
        gf = ggml_new_graph_custom(ctx_compute, LLAMA_TRAIN_MAX_NODES, true);
        gf->order = (enum ggml_cgraph_eval_order) order;
        gb = ggml_new_graph_custom(ctx_compute, LLAMA_TRAIN_MAX_NODES, true);
@@ -1777,7 +1788,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    // allocate compute tensors
    mem_compute_data.resize(max_compute_size);
    ctx_compute = ggml_init(ctx_compute_params);
-    ggml_allocr_t alloc = ggml_allocr_new(mem_compute_data.data(), mem_compute_data.size(), tensor_alignment);
+    alloc = ggml_allocr_new(mem_compute_data.data(), mem_compute_data.size(), tensor_alignment);
    gf = ggml_new_graph_custom(ctx_compute, LLAMA_TRAIN_MAX_NODES, true);
    gf->order = best_order;
    gb = ggml_new_graph_custom(ctx_compute, LLAMA_TRAIN_MAX_NODES, true);
@@ -1793,8 +1804,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        params.common.use_checkpointing
    );
    ggml_allocr_free(alloc);
-    ggml_allocr_free(alloc_inps);
-

    // tokenize data
    std::vector<llama_token> train_tokens;
--- a/examples/gguf/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/examples/gguf/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 set(TARGET gguf)
 add_executable(${TARGET} gguf.cpp)
 install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
-target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE ggml ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
+target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
 target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_11)
--- a/examples/gguf/gguf.cpp
+++ b/examples/gguf/gguf.cpp
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "ggml.h"
+#include "llama.h"

 #include <cstdio>
 #include <cinttypes>
@@ -194,7 +195,7 @@ static bool gguf_ex_read_1(const std::string & fname) {

            struct ggml_tensor * cur = ggml_get_tensor(ctx_data, name);

-            printf("%s: tensor[%d]: n_dims = %d, name = %s, data = %p\n", __func__, i, ggml_n_dims(cur), cur->name, cur->data);
+            printf("%s: tensor[%d]: n_dims = %d, name = %s, data = %p\n", __func__, i, cur->n_dims, cur->name, cur->data);

            // print first 10 elements
            const float * data = (const float *) cur->data;
--- a/examples/imatrix/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/examples/imatrix/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-set(TARGET imatrix)
-add_executable(${TARGET} imatrix.cpp)
-install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
-target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
-target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_11)
--- a/examples/imatrix/imatrix.cpp
+++ b/examples/imatrix/imatrix.cpp
@@ -1,380 +0,0 @@
-#include "common.h"
-#include "llama.h"
-
-#include <cmath>
-#include <cstdio>
-#include <cstring>
-#include <ctime>
-#include <sstream>
-#include <thread>
-#include <mutex>
-#include <vector>
-#include <fstream>
-#include <unordered_map>
-#include <algorithm>
-
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-#pragma warning(disable: 4244 4267) // possible loss of data
-#endif
-
-struct Stats {
-    std::vector<float> values;
-    int ncall = 0;
-};
-
-struct StatParams {
-    std::string ofile = "imatrix.dat";
-    int         n_output_frequency = 10;
-    int         verbosity = 1;
-    bool        collect_output_weight = false;
-};
-
-class IMatrixCollector {
-public:
-    IMatrixCollector() = default;
-    void set_parameters(StatParams&& params) { m_params = std::move(params); }
-    void collect_imatrix(const struct ggml_tensor * src0, const struct ggml_tensor * src1);
-    void save_imatrix() const;
-private:
-    std::unordered_map<std::string, Stats> m_stats;
-    StatParams                             m_params;
-    std::mutex                             m_mutex;
-    int                                    m_last_call = 0;
-};
-
-void IMatrixCollector::collect_imatrix(const struct ggml_tensor * src0, const struct ggml_tensor * src1) {
-    if (src1->ne[1] < 16 || src1->type != GGML_TYPE_F32) return;
-    if (!(strncmp(src0->name, "blk.", 4) == 0 || (m_params.collect_output_weight && strcmp(src0->name, "output.weight") == 0))) return;
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
-    auto& e = m_stats[src0->name];
-    if (e.values.empty()) {
-        e.values.resize(src1->ne[0], 0);
-    }
-    else if (e.values.size() != (size_t)src1->ne[0]) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "Oops: inconsistent size for %s (%d vs %d)\n", src0->name, (int)e.values.size(), (int)src1->ne[0]);
-        exit(1); //GGML_ASSERT(false);
-    }
-    ++e.ncall;
-    if (m_params.verbosity > 1) {
-        printf("%s[%d]: %s, %d x %d, %d\n",__func__,m_last_call,src0->name,(int)src1->ne[0],(int)src1->ne[1],(int)src1->type);
-    }
-    for (int row = 0; row < (int)src1->ne[1]; ++row) {
-        const float * x = (const float *)src1->data + row * src1->ne[0];
-        for (int j = 0; j < (int)src1->ne[0]; ++j) {
-            e.values[j] += x[j]*x[j];
-        }
-    }
-    if (e.ncall > m_last_call) {
-        m_last_call = e.ncall;
-        if (m_last_call % m_params.n_output_frequency == 0) {
-            save_imatrix();
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void IMatrixCollector::save_imatrix() const {
-    const char * fname = m_params.ofile.empty() ? "imatrix.dat" : m_params.ofile.c_str();
-    std::ofstream out(fname, std::ios::binary);
-    int n_entries = m_stats.size();
-    out.write((const char*)&n_entries, sizeof(n_entries));
-    for (auto& p : m_stats) {
-        int len = p.first.size();
-        out.write((const char*)&len, sizeof(len));
-        out.write(p.first.c_str(), len);
-        out.write((const char*)&p.second.ncall, sizeof(p.second.ncall));
-        int nval = p.second.values.size();
-        out.write((const char*)&nval, sizeof(nval));
-        if (nval > 0) out.write((const char*)p.second.values.data(), nval*sizeof(float));
-    }
-    if (m_params.verbosity > 0) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "\n%s: stored collected data after %d chunks in %s\n",__func__,m_last_call,fname);
-    }
-}
-
-static IMatrixCollector g_collector;
-
-static void ik_collect_imatrix(const struct ggml_tensor * src0, const struct ggml_tensor * src1) {
-    g_collector.collect_imatrix(src0, src1);
-}
-
-
-struct results_log_softmax {
-    double log_softmax;
-    float  logit;
-    float  prob;
-};
-
-static std::vector<float> softmax(const std::vector<float>& logits) {
-    std::vector<float> probs(logits.size());
-    float max_logit = logits[0];
-    for (float v : logits) {
-        max_logit = std::max(max_logit, v);
-    }
-    double sum_exp = 0.0;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < logits.size(); i++) {
-        // Subtract the maximum logit value from the current logit value for numerical stability
-        const float logit = logits[i] - max_logit;
-        const float exp_logit = expf(logit);
-        sum_exp += exp_logit;
-        probs[i] = exp_logit;
-    }
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < probs.size(); i++) {
-        probs[i] /= sum_exp;
-    }
-    return probs;
-}
-
-static results_log_softmax log_softmax(int n_vocab, const float * logits, int tok) {
-    float max_logit = logits[0];
-    for (int i = 1; i < n_vocab; ++i) {
-        max_logit = std::max(max_logit, logits[i]);
-    }
-    double sum_exp = 0.0;
-    for (int i = 0; i < n_vocab; ++i) {
-        sum_exp += expf(logits[i] - max_logit);
-    }
-    return {logits[tok] - max_logit - log(sum_exp), logits[tok], expf(logits[tok] - max_logit) / (float) sum_exp};
-}
-
-static void process_logits(
-    int n_vocab, const float * logits, const int * tokens, int n_token, std::vector<std::thread> & workers,
-    double & nll, double & nll2, float * logit_history, float * prob_history
-) {
-    std::mutex mutex;
-    int counter = 0;
-    auto compute = [&mutex, &counter, &nll, &nll2, logit_history, prob_history, n_vocab, logits, tokens, n_token] () {
-        double local_nll  = 0;
-        double local_nll2 = 0;
-        while (true) {
-            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
-            int i = counter++;
-            if (i >= n_token) {
-                nll += local_nll; nll2 += local_nll2;
-                break;
-            }
-            lock.unlock();
-            const results_log_softmax results = log_softmax(n_vocab, logits + i*n_vocab, tokens[i+1]);
-            const double v = -results.log_softmax;
-            local_nll += v;
-            local_nll2 += v*v;
-
-            logit_history[i] = results.logit;
-            prob_history[i]  = results.prob;
-        }
-    };
-    for (auto & w : workers) {
-        w = std::thread(compute);
-    }
-    compute();
-    for (auto & w : workers) {
-        w.join();
-    }
-}
-
-static bool compute_imatrix(llama_context * ctx, const gpt_params & params) {
-
-    const bool add_bos = llama_should_add_bos_token(llama_get_model(ctx));
-    const int n_ctx = llama_n_ctx(ctx);
-
-    auto tim1 = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
-    fprintf(stderr, "%s: tokenizing the input ..\n", __func__);
-
-    std::vector<llama_token> tokens = ::llama_tokenize(ctx, params.prompt, add_bos);
-
-    auto tim2 = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
-    fprintf(stderr, "%s: tokenization took %g ms\n",__func__,1e-3*std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(tim2-tim1).count());
-
-    if (int(tokens.size()) < 2*n_ctx) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "%s: you need at least %d tokens for a context of %d tokens\n",__func__,2*n_ctx,
-                n_ctx);
-        fprintf(stderr, "%s: the data file you provided tokenizes to only %zu tokens\n",__func__,tokens.size());
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    std::vector<float> logit_history;
-    logit_history.resize(tokens.size());
-
-    std::vector<float> prob_history;
-    prob_history.resize(tokens.size());
-
-    const int n_chunk_max = tokens.size() / n_ctx;
-
-    const int n_chunk = params.n_chunks < 0 ? n_chunk_max : std::min(params.n_chunks, n_chunk_max);
-    const int n_vocab = llama_n_vocab(llama_get_model(ctx));
-    const int n_batch = params.n_batch;
-
-    int count = 0;
-    double nll = 0.0;
-    double nll2 = 0.0;
-
-    fprintf(stderr, "%s: computing over %d chunks with batch_size %d\n", __func__, n_chunk, n_batch);
-
-    std::vector<std::thread> workers(std::thread::hardware_concurrency() - 1);
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < n_chunk; ++i) {
-        const int start =     i * n_ctx;
-        const int end   = start + n_ctx;
-
-        const int num_batches = (n_ctx + n_batch - 1) / n_batch;
-
-        std::vector<float> logits;
-
-        const auto t_start = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
-
-        // clear the KV cache
-        llama_kv_cache_clear(ctx);
-
-        for (int j = 0; j < num_batches; ++j) {
-            const int batch_start = start + j * n_batch;
-            const int batch_size  = std::min(end - batch_start, n_batch);
-
-            // save original token and restore it after eval
-            const auto token_org = tokens[batch_start];
-
-            // add BOS token for the first batch of each chunk
-            if (add_bos && j == 0) {
-                tokens[batch_start] = llama_token_bos(llama_get_model(ctx));
-            }
-
-            if (llama_decode(ctx, llama_batch_get_one(tokens.data() + batch_start, batch_size, j * n_batch, 0))) {
-                fprintf(stderr, "%s : failed to eval\n", __func__);
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // restore the original token in case it was set to BOS
-            tokens[batch_start] = token_org;
-
-            const auto * batch_logits = llama_get_logits(ctx);
-            logits.insert(logits.end(), batch_logits, batch_logits + batch_size * n_vocab);
-        }
-
-        const auto t_end = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
-
-        if (i == 0) {
-            const float t_total = std::chrono::duration<float>(t_end - t_start).count();
-            fprintf(stderr, "%s: %.2f seconds per pass - ETA ", __func__, t_total);
-            int total_seconds = (int)(t_total * n_chunk);
-            if (total_seconds >= 60*60) {
-                fprintf(stderr, "%d hours ", total_seconds / (60*60));
-                total_seconds = total_seconds % (60*60);
-            }
-            fprintf(stderr, "%.2f minutes\n", total_seconds / 60.0);
-        }
-
-        const int first = n_ctx/2;
-        process_logits(n_vocab, logits.data() + first*n_vocab, tokens.data() + start + first, n_ctx - 1 - first,
-                       workers, nll, nll2, logit_history.data() + start + first, prob_history.data() + start + first);
-        count += n_ctx - first - 1;
-
-        printf("[%d]%.4lf,", i + 1, std::exp(nll / count));
-        fflush(stdout);
-    }
-    printf("\n");
-
-    nll2 /= count;
-    nll /= count;
-    const double ppl = exp(nll);
-    nll2 -= nll * nll;
-    if (nll2 > 0) {
-        nll2 = sqrt(nll2/(count-1));
-        printf("Final estimate: PPL = %.4lf +/- %.5lf\n", ppl, nll2*ppl);
-    } else {
-        printf("Unexpected negative standard deviation of log(prob)\n");
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
-
-    StatParams sparams;
-    std::vector<char*> args;
-    args.push_back(argv[0]);
-    int iarg = 1;
-    for (; iarg < argc-1; ++iarg) {
-        std::string arg{argv[iarg]};
-        if (arg == "-o" || arg == "--output-file") {
-            sparams.ofile = argv[++iarg];
-        }
-        else if (arg == "-ofreq" || arg == "--output-frequency") {
-            sparams.n_output_frequency = std::stoi(argv[++iarg]);
-        }
-        else if (arg == "-ow" || arg == "--output-weight") {
-            sparams.collect_output_weight = std::stoi(argv[++iarg]);
-        }
-        else if (arg == "--verbosity") {
-            sparams.verbosity = std::stoi(argv[++iarg]);
-        } else {
-            args.push_back(argv[iarg]);
-        }
-    }
-    if (iarg < argc) {
-        args.push_back(argv[iarg]);
-    }
-
-    gpt_params params;
-    params.n_batch = 512;
-    if (!gpt_params_parse(args.size(), args.data(), params)) {
-        return 1;
-    }
-
-    g_collector.set_parameters(std::move(sparams));
-
-    ggml_set_imatrix_collection(ik_collect_imatrix);
-
-    params.logits_all = true;
-    params.n_batch = std::min(params.n_batch, params.n_ctx);
-
-    print_build_info();
-
-    if (params.seed == LLAMA_DEFAULT_SEED) {
-        params.seed = time(NULL);
-    }
-
-    fprintf(stderr, "%s: seed  = %u\n", __func__, params.seed);
-
-    std::mt19937 rng(params.seed);
-    if (params.random_prompt) {
-        params.prompt = gpt_random_prompt(rng);
-    }
-
-    llama_backend_init(params.numa);
-
-    llama_model * model;
-    llama_context * ctx;
-
-    // load the model and apply lora adapter, if any
-    std::tie(model, ctx) = llama_init_from_gpt_params(params);
-    if (model == NULL) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: unable to load model\n", __func__);
-        return 1;
-    }
-
-    const int n_ctx_train = llama_n_ctx_train(model);
-    if (params.n_ctx > n_ctx_train) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "%s: warning: model was trained on only %d context tokens (%d specified)\n",
-                __func__, n_ctx_train, params.n_ctx);
-    }
-
-    // print system information
-    {
-        fprintf(stderr, "\n");
-        fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", get_system_info(params).c_str());
-    }
-
-    bool OK = compute_imatrix(ctx, params);
-    if (!OK) {
-        return 1;
-    }
-
-    g_collector.save_imatrix();
-
-    llama_print_timings(ctx);
-
-    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
-
-    llama_backend_free();
-
-    return 0;
-}
--- a/examples/llama-bench/llama-bench.cpp
+++ b/examples/llama-bench/llama-bench.cpp
@@ -138,7 +138,6 @@ struct cmd_params {
    std::vector<int> n_threads;
    std::vector<int> n_gpu_layers;
    std::vector<int> main_gpu;
-    std::vector<bool> no_kv_offload;
    std::vector<bool> mul_mat_q;
    std::vector<std::array<float, LLAMA_MAX_DEVICES>> tensor_split;
    int reps;
@@ -156,7 +155,6 @@ static const cmd_params cmd_params_defaults = {
    /* n_threads     */ {get_num_physical_cores()},
    /* n_gpu_layers  */ {99},
    /* main_gpu      */ {0},
-    /* no_kv_offload */ {false},
    /* mul_mat_q     */ {true},
    /* tensor_split  */ {{}},
    /* reps          */ 5,
@@ -178,7 +176,6 @@ static void print_usage(int /* argc */, char ** argv) {
    printf("  -t, --threads <n>                 (default: %s)\n", join(cmd_params_defaults.n_threads, ",").c_str());
    printf("  -ngl, --n-gpu-layers <n>          (default: %s)\n", join(cmd_params_defaults.n_gpu_layers, ",").c_str());
    printf("  -mg, --main-gpu <i>               (default: %s)\n", join(cmd_params_defaults.main_gpu, ",").c_str());
-    printf("  -nkvo, --no-kv-offload <0|1>      (default: %s)\n", join(cmd_params_defaults.no_kv_offload, ",").c_str());
    printf("  -mmq, --mul-mat-q <0|1>           (default: %s)\n", join(cmd_params_defaults.mul_mat_q, ",").c_str());
    printf("  -ts, --tensor_split <ts0/ts1/..>               \n");
    printf("  -r, --repetitions <n>             (default: %d)\n", cmd_params_defaults.reps);
@@ -312,13 +309,6 @@ static cmd_params parse_cmd_params(int argc, char ** argv) {
                break;
            }
            params.main_gpu = split<int>(argv[i], split_delim);
-        } else if (arg == "-nkvo" || arg == "--no-kv-offload") {
-            if (++i >= argc) {
-                invalid_param = true;
-                break;
-            }
-            auto p = split<bool>(argv[i], split_delim);
-            params.no_kv_offload.insert(params.no_kv_offload.end(), p.begin(), p.end());
        } else if (arg == "-mmq" || arg == "--mul-mat-q") {
            if (++i >= argc) {
                invalid_param = true;
@@ -393,7 +383,6 @@ static cmd_params parse_cmd_params(int argc, char ** argv) {
    if (params.type_v.empty())       { params.type_v = cmd_params_defaults.type_v; }
    if (params.n_gpu_layers.empty()) { params.n_gpu_layers = cmd_params_defaults.n_gpu_layers; }
    if (params.main_gpu.empty())     { params.main_gpu = cmd_params_defaults.main_gpu; }
-    if (params.no_kv_offload.empty()){ params.no_kv_offload = cmd_params_defaults.no_kv_offload; }
    if (params.mul_mat_q.empty())    { params.mul_mat_q = cmd_params_defaults.mul_mat_q; }
    if (params.tensor_split.empty()) { params.tensor_split = cmd_params_defaults.tensor_split; }
    if (params.n_threads.empty())    { params.n_threads = cmd_params_defaults.n_threads; }
@@ -411,7 +400,6 @@ struct cmd_params_instance {
    int n_threads;
    int n_gpu_layers;
    int main_gpu;
-    bool no_kv_offload;
    bool mul_mat_q;
    std::array<float, LLAMA_MAX_DEVICES> tensor_split;

@@ -440,7 +428,6 @@ struct cmd_params_instance {
        cparams.type_k = type_k;
        cparams.type_v = type_v;
        cparams.mul_mat_q = mul_mat_q;
-        cparams.offload_kqv = !no_kv_offload;

        return cparams;
    }
@@ -457,7 +444,6 @@ static std::vector<cmd_params_instance> get_cmd_params_instances_int(const cmd_p
    for (const auto & tk : params.type_k)
    for (const auto & tv : params.type_v)
    for (const auto & mmq : params.mul_mat_q)
-    for (const auto & nkvo : params.no_kv_offload)
    for (const auto & nt : params.n_threads) {
        cmd_params_instance instance = {
            /* .model        = */ m,
@@ -469,7 +455,6 @@ static std::vector<cmd_params_instance> get_cmd_params_instances_int(const cmd_p
            /* .n_threads    = */ nt,
            /* .n_gpu_layers = */ nl,
            /* .main_gpu     = */ mg,
-            /* .no_kv_offload= */ nkvo,
            /* .mul_mat_q    = */ mmq,
            /* .tensor_split = */ ts,
        };
@@ -491,7 +476,6 @@ static std::vector<cmd_params_instance> get_cmd_params_instances(const cmd_param
    for (const auto & tk : params.type_k)
    for (const auto & tv : params.type_v)
    for (const auto & mmq : params.mul_mat_q)
-    for (const auto & nkvo : params.no_kv_offload)
    for (const auto & nt : params.n_threads) {
        for (const auto & n_prompt : params.n_prompt) {
            if (n_prompt == 0) {
@@ -507,7 +491,6 @@ static std::vector<cmd_params_instance> get_cmd_params_instances(const cmd_param
                /* .n_threads    = */ nt,
                /* .n_gpu_layers = */ nl,
                /* .main_gpu     = */ mg,
-                /* .no_kv_offload= */ nkvo,
                /* .mul_mat_q    = */ mmq,
                /* .tensor_split = */ ts,
            };
@@ -528,7 +511,6 @@ static std::vector<cmd_params_instance> get_cmd_params_instances(const cmd_param
                /* .n_threads    = */ nt,
                /* .n_gpu_layers = */ nl,
                /* .main_gpu     = */ mg,
-                /* .no_kv_offload= */ nkvo,
                /* .mul_mat_q    = */ mmq,
                /* .tensor_split = */ ts,
            };
@@ -577,7 +559,6 @@ struct test {
    ggml_type type_v;
    int n_gpu_layers;
    int main_gpu;
-    bool no_kv_offload;
    bool mul_mat_q;
    std::array<float, LLAMA_MAX_DEVICES> tensor_split;
    int n_prompt;
@@ -598,7 +579,6 @@ struct test {
        type_v = inst.type_v;
        n_gpu_layers = inst.n_gpu_layers;
        main_gpu = inst.main_gpu;
-        no_kv_offload = inst.no_kv_offload;
        mul_mat_q = inst.mul_mat_q;
        tensor_split = inst.tensor_split;
        n_prompt = inst.n_prompt;
@@ -660,8 +640,7 @@ struct test {
            "cpu_info", "gpu_info",
            "model_filename", "model_type", "model_size", "model_n_params",
            "n_batch", "n_threads", "type_k", "type_v",
-            "n_gpu_layers", "main_gpu", "no_kv_offload",
-            "mul_mat_q", "tensor_split",
+            "n_gpu_layers", "main_gpu", "mul_mat_q", "tensor_split",
            "n_prompt", "n_gen", "test_time",
            "avg_ns", "stddev_ns",
            "avg_ts", "stddev_ts"
@@ -680,7 +659,7 @@ struct test {
            return INT;
        }
        if (field == "cuda" || field == "opencl" || field == "metal" || field == "gpu_blas" || field == "blas" ||
-            field == "f16_kv" || field == "no_kv_offload" || field == "mul_mat_q") {
+            field == "f16_kv" || field == "mul_mat_q") {
            return BOOL;
        }
        if (field == "avg_ts" || field == "stddev_ts") {
@@ -711,8 +690,7 @@ struct test {
            cpu_info, gpu_info,
            model_filename, model_type, std::to_string(model_size), std::to_string(model_n_params),
            std::to_string(n_batch), std::to_string(n_threads), ggml_type_name(type_k), ggml_type_name(type_v),
-            std::to_string(n_gpu_layers), std::to_string(main_gpu), std::to_string(no_kv_offload),
-            std::to_string(mul_mat_q), tensor_split_str,
+            std::to_string(n_gpu_layers), std::to_string(main_gpu), std::to_string(mul_mat_q), tensor_split_str,
            std::to_string(n_prompt), std::to_string(n_gen), test_time,
            std::to_string(avg_ns()), std::to_string(stdev_ns()),
            std::to_string(avg_ts()), std::to_string(stdev_ts())
@@ -873,9 +851,6 @@ struct markdown_printer : public printer {
        if (field == "mul_mat_q") {
            return "mmq";
        }
-        if (field == "no_kv_offload") {
-            return "nkvo";
-        }
        if (field == "tensor_split") {
            return "ts";
        }
@@ -910,9 +885,6 @@ struct markdown_printer : public printer {
        if (params.mul_mat_q.size() > 1 || params.mul_mat_q != cmd_params_defaults.mul_mat_q) {
            fields.push_back("mul_mat_q");
        }
-        if (params.no_kv_offload.size() > 1 || params.no_kv_offload != cmd_params_defaults.no_kv_offload) {
-            fields.push_back("no_kv_offload");
-        }
        if (params.tensor_split.size() > 1 || params.tensor_split != cmd_params_defaults.tensor_split) {
            fields.push_back("tensor_split");
        }
--- a/examples/llama.swiftui/.gitignore
+++ b/examples/llama.swiftui/.gitignore
@@ -1,2 +1 @@
 xcuserdata
-xcshareddata
--- a/examples/llama.swiftui/README.md
+++ b/examples/llama.swiftui/README.md
@@ -1,12 +1,7 @@
-# llama.cpp/examples/llama.swiftui
+# llama.swiftui

-Local inference of llama.cpp on an iPhone. This is a sample app that can be used as a starting
-point for more advanced projects.
-
-For usage instructions and performance stats, check the following discussion: https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/discussions/4508
-
-![image](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/assets/1991296/2b40284f-8421-47a2-b634-74eece09a299)
-
-Video demonstration:
+Local inference of llama.cpp on an iPhone.
+So far I only tested with starcoder 1B model, but it can most likely handle 7B models as well.

 https://github.com/bachittle/llama.cpp/assets/39804642/e290827a-4edb-4093-9642-2a5e399ec545
+
--- a/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.cpp.swift/LibLlama.swift
+++ b/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.cpp.swift/LibLlama.swift
@@ -1,38 +1,19 @@
 import Foundation
-import llama
+
+// import llama

 enum LlamaError: Error {
    case couldNotInitializeContext
 }

-func llama_batch_clear(_ batch: inout llama_batch) {
-    batch.n_tokens = 0
-}
-
-func llama_batch_add(_ batch: inout llama_batch, _ id: llama_token, _ pos: llama_pos, _ seq_ids: [llama_seq_id], _ logits: Bool) {
-    batch.token   [Int(batch.n_tokens)] = id
-    batch.pos     [Int(batch.n_tokens)] = pos
-    batch.n_seq_id[Int(batch.n_tokens)] = Int32(seq_ids.count)
-    for i in 0..<seq_ids.count {
-        batch.seq_id[Int(batch.n_tokens)]![Int(i)] = seq_ids[i]
-    }
-    batch.logits  [Int(batch.n_tokens)] = logits ? 1 : 0
-
-    batch.n_tokens += 1
-}
-
 actor LlamaContext {
    private var model: OpaquePointer
    private var context: OpaquePointer
    private var batch: llama_batch
    private var tokens_list: [llama_token]

-    /// This variable is used to store temporarily invalid cchars
-    private var temporary_invalid_cchars: [CChar]
-
-    var n_len: Int32 = 64
+    var n_len: Int32 = 512
    var n_cur: Int32 = 0
-
    var n_decode: Int32 = 0

    init(model: OpaquePointer, context: OpaquePointer) {
@@ -40,38 +21,28 @@ actor LlamaContext {
        self.context = context
        self.tokens_list = []
        self.batch = llama_batch_init(512, 0, 1)
-        self.temporary_invalid_cchars = []
    }

    deinit {
-        llama_batch_free(batch)
        llama_free(context)
        llama_free_model(model)
        llama_backend_free()
    }

-    static func create_context(path: String) throws -> LlamaContext {
+    static func createContext(path: String) throws -> LlamaContext {
        llama_backend_init(false)
-        var model_params = llama_model_default_params()
+        let model_params = llama_model_default_params()

-#if targetEnvironment(simulator)
-        model_params.n_gpu_layers = 0
-        print("Running on simulator, force use n_gpu_layers = 0")
-#endif
        let model = llama_load_model_from_file(path, model_params)
        guard let model else {
            print("Could not load model at \(path)")
            throw LlamaError.couldNotInitializeContext
        }
-
-        let n_threads = max(1, min(8, ProcessInfo.processInfo.processorCount - 2))
-        print("Using \(n_threads) threads")
-
        var ctx_params = llama_context_default_params()
-        ctx_params.seed  = 1234
+        ctx_params.seed = 1234
        ctx_params.n_ctx = 2048
-        ctx_params.n_threads       = UInt32(n_threads)
-        ctx_params.n_threads_batch = UInt32(n_threads)
+        ctx_params.n_threads = 8
+        ctx_params.n_threads_batch = 8

        let context = llama_new_context_with_model(model, ctx_params)
        guard let context else {
@@ -82,26 +53,6 @@ actor LlamaContext {
        return LlamaContext(model: model, context: context)
    }

-    func model_info() -> String {
-        let result = UnsafeMutablePointer<Int8>.allocate(capacity: 256)
-        result.initialize(repeating: Int8(0), count: 256)
-        defer {
-            result.deallocate()
-        }
-
-        // TODO: this is probably very stupid way to get the string from C
-
-        let nChars = llama_model_desc(model, result, 256)
-        let bufferPointer = UnsafeBufferPointer(start: result, count: Int(nChars))
-
-        var SwiftString = ""
-        for char in bufferPointer {
-            SwiftString.append(Character(UnicodeScalar(UInt8(char))))
-        }
-
-        return SwiftString
-    }
-
    func get_n_tokens() -> Int32 {
        return batch.n_tokens;
    }
@@ -110,7 +61,6 @@ actor LlamaContext {
        print("attempting to complete \"\(text)\"")

        tokens_list = tokenize(text: text, add_bos: true)
-        temporary_invalid_cchars = []

        let n_ctx = llama_n_ctx(context)
        let n_kv_req = tokens_list.count + (Int(n_len) - tokens_list.count)
@@ -122,14 +72,19 @@ actor LlamaContext {
        }

        for id in tokens_list {
-            print(String(cString: token_to_piece(token: id) + [0]))
+            print(token_to_piece(token: id))
        }

-        llama_batch_clear(&batch)
+        // batch = llama_batch_init(512, 0) // done in init()
+        batch.n_tokens = Int32(tokens_list.count)

-        for i1 in 0..<tokens_list.count {
+        for i1 in 0..<batch.n_tokens {
            let i = Int(i1)
-            llama_batch_add(&batch, tokens_list[i], Int32(i), [0], false)
+            batch.token[i] = tokens_list[i]
+            batch.pos[i] = i1
+            batch.n_seq_id[Int(i)] = 1
+            batch.seq_id[Int(i)]![0] = 0
+            batch.logits[i] = 0
        }
        batch.logits[Int(batch.n_tokens) - 1] = 1 // true

@@ -158,35 +113,27 @@ actor LlamaContext {
            new_token_id = llama_sample_token_greedy(context, &candidates_p)
        }

-        if new_token_id == llama_token_eos(model) || n_cur == n_len {
+        if new_token_id == llama_token_eos(context) || n_cur == n_len {
            print("\n")
-            let new_token_str = String(cString: temporary_invalid_cchars + [0])
-            temporary_invalid_cchars.removeAll()
-            return new_token_str
+            return ""
        }

-        let new_token_cchars = token_to_piece(token: new_token_id)
-        temporary_invalid_cchars.append(contentsOf: new_token_cchars)
-        let new_token_str: String
-        if let string = String(validatingUTF8: temporary_invalid_cchars + [0]) {
-            temporary_invalid_cchars.removeAll()
-            new_token_str = string
-        } else if (0 ..< temporary_invalid_cchars.count).contains(where: {$0 != 0 && String(validatingUTF8: Array(temporary_invalid_cchars.suffix($0)) + [0]) != nil}) {
-            // in this case, at least the suffix of the temporary_invalid_cchars can be interpreted as UTF8 string
-            let string = String(cString: temporary_invalid_cchars + [0])
-            temporary_invalid_cchars.removeAll()
-            new_token_str = string
-        } else {
-            new_token_str = ""
-        }
+        let new_token_str = token_to_piece(token: new_token_id)
        print(new_token_str)
        // tokens_list.append(new_token_id)

-        llama_batch_clear(&batch)
-        llama_batch_add(&batch, new_token_id, n_cur, [0], true)
+        batch.n_tokens = 0
+
+        batch.token[Int(batch.n_tokens)] = new_token_id
+        batch.pos[Int(batch.n_tokens)] = n_cur
+        batch.n_seq_id[Int(batch.n_tokens)] = 1
+        batch.seq_id[Int(batch.n_tokens)]![0] = 0
+        batch.logits[Int(batch.n_tokens)] = 1 // true
+        batch.n_tokens += 1

        n_decode += 1
-        n_cur    += 1
+
+        n_cur += 1

        if llama_decode(context, batch) != 0 {
            print("failed to evaluate llama!")
@@ -195,113 +142,14 @@ actor LlamaContext {
        return new_token_str
    }

-    func bench(pp: Int, tg: Int, pl: Int, nr: Int = 1) -> String {
-        var pp_avg: Double = 0
-        var tg_avg: Double = 0
-
-        var pp_std: Double = 0
-        var tg_std: Double = 0
-
-        for _ in 0..<nr {
-            // bench prompt processing
-
-            llama_batch_clear(&batch)
-
-            let n_tokens = pp
-
-            for i in 0..<n_tokens {
-                llama_batch_add(&batch, 0, Int32(i), [0], false)
-            }
-            batch.logits[Int(batch.n_tokens) - 1] = 1 // true
-
-            llama_kv_cache_clear(context)
-
-            let t_pp_start = ggml_time_us()
-
-            if llama_decode(context, batch) != 0 {
-                print("llama_decode() failed during prompt")
-            }
-
-            let t_pp_end = ggml_time_us()
-
-            // bench text generation
-
-            llama_kv_cache_clear(context)
-
-            let t_tg_start = ggml_time_us()
-
-            for i in 0..<tg {
-                llama_batch_clear(&batch)
-
-                for j in 0..<pl {
-                    llama_batch_add(&batch, 0, Int32(i), [Int32(j)], true)
-                }
-
-                if llama_decode(context, batch) != 0 {
-                    print("llama_decode() failed during text generation")
-                }
-            }
-
-            let t_tg_end = ggml_time_us()
-
-            llama_kv_cache_clear(context)
-
-            let t_pp = Double(t_pp_end - t_pp_start) / 1000000.0
-            let t_tg = Double(t_tg_end - t_tg_start) / 1000000.0
-
-            let speed_pp = Double(pp)    / t_pp
-            let speed_tg = Double(pl*tg) / t_tg
-
-            pp_avg += speed_pp
-            tg_avg += speed_tg
-
-            pp_std += speed_pp * speed_pp
-            tg_std += speed_tg * speed_tg
-
-            print("pp \(speed_pp) t/s, tg \(speed_tg) t/s")
-        }
-
-        pp_avg /= Double(nr)
-        tg_avg /= Double(nr)
-
-        if nr > 1 {
-            pp_std = sqrt(pp_std / Double(nr - 1) - pp_avg * pp_avg * Double(nr) / Double(nr - 1))
-            tg_std = sqrt(tg_std / Double(nr - 1) - tg_avg * tg_avg * Double(nr) / Double(nr - 1))
-        } else {
-            pp_std = 0
-            tg_std = 0
-        }
-
-        let model_desc     = model_info();
-        let model_size     = String(format: "%.2f GiB", Double(llama_model_size(model)) / 1024.0 / 1024.0 / 1024.0);
-        let model_n_params = String(format: "%.2f B", Double(llama_model_n_params(model)) / 1e9);
-        let backend        = "Metal";
-        let pp_avg_str     = String(format: "%.2f", pp_avg);
-        let tg_avg_str     = String(format: "%.2f", tg_avg);
-        let pp_std_str     = String(format: "%.2f", pp_std);
-        let tg_std_str     = String(format: "%.2f", tg_std);
-
-        var result = ""
-
-        result += String("| model | size | params | backend | test | t/s |\n")
-        result += String("| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n")
-        result += String("| \(model_desc) | \(model_size) | \(model_n_params) | \(backend) | pp \(pp) | \(pp_avg_str) ± \(pp_std_str) |\n")
-        result += String("| \(model_desc) | \(model_size) | \(model_n_params) | \(backend) | tg \(tg) | \(tg_avg_str) ± \(tg_std_str) |\n")
-
-        return result;
-    }
-
    func clear() {
        tokens_list.removeAll()
-        temporary_invalid_cchars.removeAll()
-        llama_kv_cache_clear(context)
    }

    private func tokenize(text: String, add_bos: Bool) -> [llama_token] {
-        let utf8Count = text.utf8.count
-        let n_tokens = utf8Count + (add_bos ? 1 : 0) + 1
+        let n_tokens = text.count + (add_bos ? 1 : 0)
        let tokens = UnsafeMutablePointer<llama_token>.allocate(capacity: n_tokens)
-        let tokenCount = llama_tokenize(model, text, Int32(utf8Count), tokens, Int32(n_tokens), add_bos, false)
+        let tokenCount = llama_tokenize(model, text, Int32(text.count), tokens, Int32(n_tokens), add_bos, false)

        var swiftTokens: [llama_token] = []
        for i in 0..<tokenCount {
@@ -313,8 +161,7 @@ actor LlamaContext {
        return swiftTokens
    }

-    /// - note: The result does not contain null-terminator
-    private func token_to_piece(token: llama_token) -> [CChar] {
+    private func token_to_piece(token: llama_token) -> String {
        let result = UnsafeMutablePointer<Int8>.allocate(capacity: 8)
        result.initialize(repeating: Int8(0), count: 8)
        defer {
@@ -328,12 +175,10 @@ actor LlamaContext {
            defer {
                newResult.deallocate()
            }
-            let nNewTokens = llama_token_to_piece(model, token, newResult, -nTokens)
-            let bufferPointer = UnsafeBufferPointer(start: newResult, count: Int(nNewTokens))
-            return Array(bufferPointer)
+            _ = llama_token_to_piece(model, token, newResult, -nTokens)
+            return String(cString: newResult)
        } else {
-            let bufferPointer = UnsafeBufferPointer(start: result, count: Int(nTokens))
-            return Array(bufferPointer)
+            return String(cString: result)
        }
    }
 }
--- a/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.cpp.swift/bridging-header.h
+++ b/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.cpp.swift/bridging-header.h
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+//
+//  Use this file to import your target's public headers that you would like to expose to Swift.
+//
+
+#import "llama.h"
--- a/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.swiftui.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj
+++ b/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.swiftui.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj
@@ -1,435 +1,481 @@
 // !$*UTF8*$!
 {
-	archiveVersion = 1;
-	classes = {
-	};
-	objectVersion = 56;
-	objects = {
+    archiveVersion = 1;
+    classes = {
+    };
+    objectVersion = 56;
+    objects = {

 /* Begin PBXBuildFile section */
-		549479CB2AC9E16000E0F78B /* Metal.framework in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 549479CA2AC9E16000E0F78B /* Metal.framework */; };
-		7FA3D2B32B2EA2F600543F92 /* DownloadButton.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 7FA3D2B22B2EA2F600543F92 /* DownloadButton.swift */; };
-		8A1C83772AC328BD0096AF73 /* llama_swiftuiApp.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 8A1C83762AC328BD0096AF73 /* llama_swiftuiApp.swift */; };
-		8A1C83792AC328BD0096AF73 /* ContentView.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 8A1C83782AC328BD0096AF73 /* ContentView.swift */; };
-		8A1C837B2AC328BE0096AF73 /* Assets.xcassets in Resources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 8A1C837A2AC328BE0096AF73 /* Assets.xcassets */; };
-		8A39BE0A2AC7601100BFEB40 /* Accelerate.framework in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 8A39BE092AC7601000BFEB40 /* Accelerate.framework */; };
-		8A3F84242AC4C891005E2EE8 /* models in Resources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 8A3F84232AC4C891005E2EE8 /* models */; };
-		8A907F332AC7138A006146EA /* LibLlama.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 8A907F322AC7134E006146EA /* LibLlama.swift */; };
-		8A9F7C4D2AC332EE008AE1EA /* LlamaState.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 8A9F7C4C2AC332EE008AE1EA /* LlamaState.swift */; };
-		DF810E132B4A5BA200301144 /* llama in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; productRef = DF810E122B4A5BA200301144 /* llama */; };
-		F1FE20E22B465ECA00B45541 /* LoadCustomButton.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = F1FE20E12B465EC900B45541 /* LoadCustomButton.swift */; };
+        542376082B0D9BFB008E6A1C /* ggml-quants.c in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 542376072B0D9BFB008E6A1C /* ggml-quants.c */; };
+        5423760B2B0D9C4B008E6A1C /* ggml-backend.c in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 5423760A2B0D9C4B008E6A1C /* ggml-backend.c */; };
+        542378792ACE3F3500834A7B /* ggml-metal.metal in Resources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 549479C82AC9E10B00E0F78B /* ggml-metal.metal */; };
+        542EA09D2AC8723900A8AEE9 /* ggml.c in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 542EA09B2AC8723900A8AEE9 /* ggml.c */; settings = {COMPILER_FLAGS = "-DGGML_USE_ACCELERATE -DGGML_USE_METAL -DGGML_USE_K_QUANTS -O3"; }; };
+        542EA0A02AC8725700A8AEE9 /* ggml-alloc.c in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 542EA09F2AC8725700A8AEE9 /* ggml-alloc.c */; };
+        542EA0A32AC8729100A8AEE9 /* llama.cpp in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 542EA0A12AC8729100A8AEE9 /* llama.cpp */; settings = {COMPILER_FLAGS = "-DGGML_USE_K_QUANTS -DGGML_USE_METAL -O3"; }; };
+        549479CB2AC9E16000E0F78B /* Metal.framework in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 549479CA2AC9E16000E0F78B /* Metal.framework */; };
+        549479CD2AC9E42A00E0F78B /* ggml-metal.m in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 549479C52AC9E0F200E0F78B /* ggml-metal.m */; settings = {COMPILER_FLAGS = "-fno-objc-arc -DGGML_SWIFT -DGGML_USE_METAL -O3"; }; };
+        8A1C83772AC328BD0096AF73 /* llama_swiftuiApp.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 8A1C83762AC328BD0096AF73 /* llama_swiftuiApp.swift */; };
+        8A1C83792AC328BD0096AF73 /* ContentView.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 8A1C83782AC328BD0096AF73 /* ContentView.swift */; };
+        8A1C837B2AC328BE0096AF73 /* Assets.xcassets in Resources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 8A1C837A2AC328BE0096AF73 /* Assets.xcassets */; };
+        8A1C837E2AC328BE0096AF73 /* Preview Assets.xcassets in Resources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 8A1C837D2AC328BE0096AF73 /* Preview Assets.xcassets */; };
+        8A39BE0A2AC7601100BFEB40 /* Accelerate.framework in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 8A39BE092AC7601000BFEB40 /* Accelerate.framework */; };
+        8A3F84242AC4C891005E2EE8 /* models in Resources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 8A3F84232AC4C891005E2EE8 /* models */; };
+        8A907F332AC7138A006146EA /* LibLlama.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 8A907F322AC7134E006146EA /* LibLlama.swift */; };
+        8A9F7C4D2AC332EE008AE1EA /* LlamaState.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 8A9F7C4C2AC332EE008AE1EA /* LlamaState.swift */; };
 /* End PBXBuildFile section */

 /* Begin PBXFileReference section */
-		549479CA2AC9E16000E0F78B /* Metal.framework */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = wrapper.framework; name = Metal.framework; path = System/Library/Frameworks/Metal.framework; sourceTree = SDKROOT; };
-		7FA3D2B22B2EA2F600543F92 /* DownloadButton.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; fileEncoding = 4; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = DownloadButton.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
-		8A1C83732AC328BD0096AF73 /* llama.swiftui.app */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; explicitFileType = wrapper.application; includeInIndex = 0; path = llama.swiftui.app; sourceTree = BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR; };
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-				IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET = 16.0;
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-				SWIFT_VERSION = 5.0;
-				TARGETED_DEVICE_FAMILY = "1,2,7";
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-			name = Release;
-		};
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+            isa = XCBuildConfiguration;
+            buildSettings = {
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+                CLANG_ANALYZER_NUMBER_OBJECT_CONVERSION = YES_AGGRESSIVE;
+                CLANG_CXX_LANGUAGE_STANDARD = "gnu++20";
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+                CLANG_WARN_INFINITE_RECURSION = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_INT_CONVERSION = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_NON_LITERAL_NULL_CONVERSION = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_OBJC_IMPLICIT_RETAIN_SELF = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_OBJC_LITERAL_CONVERSION = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_OBJC_ROOT_CLASS = YES_ERROR;
+                CLANG_WARN_QUOTED_INCLUDE_IN_FRAMEWORK_HEADER = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_RANGE_LOOP_ANALYSIS = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_STRICT_PROTOTYPES = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_SUSPICIOUS_MOVE = YES;
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+                COPY_PHASE_STRIP = NO;
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+                GCC_NO_COMMON_BLOCKS = YES;
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+                GCC_WARN_ABOUT_RETURN_TYPE = YES_ERROR;
+                GCC_WARN_UNDECLARED_SELECTOR = YES;
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+                MTL_ENABLE_DEBUG_INFO = INCLUDE_SOURCE;
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+                ONLY_ACTIVE_ARCH = YES;
+                SDKROOT = iphoneos;
+                SWIFT_ACTIVE_COMPILATION_CONDITIONS = "DEBUG $(inherited)";
+                SWIFT_OPTIMIZATION_LEVEL = "-Onone";
+            };
+            name = Debug;
+        };
+        8A1C83802AC328BE0096AF73 /* Release */ = {
+            isa = XCBuildConfiguration;
+            buildSettings = {
+                ALWAYS_SEARCH_USER_PATHS = NO;
+                ASSETCATALOG_COMPILER_GENERATE_SWIFT_ASSET_SYMBOL_EXTENSIONS = YES;
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+                CLANG_ANALYZER_NUMBER_OBJECT_CONVERSION = YES_AGGRESSIVE;
+                CLANG_CXX_LANGUAGE_STANDARD = "gnu++20";
+                CLANG_ENABLE_MODULES = YES;
+                CLANG_ENABLE_OBJC_ARC = YES;
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+                CLANG_WARN_BOOL_CONVERSION = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_COMMA = YES;
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+                CLANG_WARN_DEPRECATED_OBJC_IMPLEMENTATIONS = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_DIRECT_OBJC_ISA_USAGE = YES_ERROR;
+                CLANG_WARN_DOCUMENTATION_COMMENTS = YES;
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+                CLANG_WARN_ENUM_CONVERSION = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_INFINITE_RECURSION = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_INT_CONVERSION = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_NON_LITERAL_NULL_CONVERSION = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_OBJC_IMPLICIT_RETAIN_SELF = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_OBJC_LITERAL_CONVERSION = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_OBJC_ROOT_CLASS = YES_ERROR;
+                CLANG_WARN_QUOTED_INCLUDE_IN_FRAMEWORK_HEADER = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_RANGE_LOOP_ANALYSIS = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_STRICT_PROTOTYPES = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_SUSPICIOUS_MOVE = YES;
+                CLANG_WARN_UNGUARDED_AVAILABILITY = YES_AGGRESSIVE;
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+                COPY_PHASE_STRIP = NO;
+                DEBUG_INFORMATION_FORMAT = "dwarf-with-dsym";
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+                ENABLE_STRICT_OBJC_MSGSEND = YES;
+                ENABLE_USER_SCRIPT_SANDBOXING = YES;
+                GCC_C_LANGUAGE_STANDARD = gnu17;
+                GCC_NO_COMMON_BLOCKS = YES;
+                GCC_WARN_64_TO_32_BIT_CONVERSION = YES;
+                GCC_WARN_ABOUT_RETURN_TYPE = YES_ERROR;
+                GCC_WARN_UNDECLARED_SELECTOR = YES;
+                GCC_WARN_UNINITIALIZED_AUTOS = YES_AGGRESSIVE;
+                GCC_WARN_UNUSED_FUNCTION = YES;
+                GCC_WARN_UNUSED_VARIABLE = YES;
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+        };
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+            isa = XCBuildConfiguration;
+            buildSettings = {
+                ASSETCATALOG_COMPILER_APPICON_NAME = AppIcon;
+                ASSETCATALOG_COMPILER_GLOBAL_ACCENT_COLOR_NAME = AccentColor;
+                CLANG_ENABLE_MODULES = YES;
+                CODE_SIGN_STYLE = Automatic;
+                CURRENT_PROJECT_VERSION = 1;
+                DEVELOPMENT_ASSET_PATHS = "\"llama.swiftui/Preview Content\"";
+                DEVELOPMENT_TEAM = STLSG3FG8Q;
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+                INFOPLIST_KEY_UILaunchScreen_Generation = YES;
+                INFOPLIST_KEY_UISupportedInterfaceOrientations_iPad = "UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait UIInterfaceOrientationPortraitUpsideDown UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeLeft UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeRight";
+                INFOPLIST_KEY_UISupportedInterfaceOrientations_iPhone = "UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeLeft UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeRight";
+                IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET = 16.0;
+                LD_RUNPATH_SEARCH_PATHS = (
+                    "$(inherited)",
+                    "@executable_path/Frameworks",
+                );
+                MARKETING_VERSION = 1.0;
+                PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = "com.bachittle.llama-swift";
+                PRODUCT_NAME = "$(TARGET_NAME)";
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+                SWIFT_OBJC_BRIDGING_HEADER = "llama.cpp.swift/bridging-header.h";
+                SWIFT_OPTIMIZATION_LEVEL = "-Onone";
+                SWIFT_VERSION = 5.0;
+                TARGETED_DEVICE_FAMILY = "1,2";
+            };
+            name = Debug;
+        };
+        8A1C83832AC328BE0096AF73 /* Release */ = {
+            isa = XCBuildConfiguration;
+            buildSettings = {
+                ASSETCATALOG_COMPILER_APPICON_NAME = AppIcon;
+                ASSETCATALOG_COMPILER_GLOBAL_ACCENT_COLOR_NAME = AccentColor;
+                CLANG_ENABLE_MODULES = YES;
+                CODE_SIGN_STYLE = Automatic;
+                CURRENT_PROJECT_VERSION = 1;
+                DEVELOPMENT_ASSET_PATHS = "\"llama.swiftui/Preview Content\"";
+                DEVELOPMENT_TEAM = STLSG3FG8Q;
+                ENABLE_PREVIEWS = YES;
+                GENERATE_INFOPLIST_FILE = YES;
+                INFOPLIST_KEY_UIApplicationSceneManifest_Generation = YES;
+                INFOPLIST_KEY_UIApplicationSupportsIndirectInputEvents = YES;
+                INFOPLIST_KEY_UILaunchScreen_Generation = YES;
+                INFOPLIST_KEY_UISupportedInterfaceOrientations_iPad = "UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait UIInterfaceOrientationPortraitUpsideDown UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeLeft UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeRight";
+                INFOPLIST_KEY_UISupportedInterfaceOrientations_iPhone = "UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeLeft UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeRight";
+                IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET = 16.0;
+                LD_RUNPATH_SEARCH_PATHS = (
+                    "$(inherited)",
+                    "@executable_path/Frameworks",
+                );
+                MARKETING_VERSION = 1.0;
+                PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = "com.bachittle.llama-swift";
+                PRODUCT_NAME = "$(TARGET_NAME)";
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+            name = Release;
+        };
 /* End XCBuildConfiguration section */

 /* Begin XCConfigurationList section */
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-			defaultConfigurationIsVisible = 0;
-			defaultConfigurationName = Release;
-		};
-		8A1C83812AC328BE0096AF73 /* Build configuration list for PBXNativeTarget "llama.swiftui" */ = {
-			isa = XCConfigurationList;
-			buildConfigurations = (
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-				8A1C83832AC328BE0096AF73 /* Release */,
-			);
-			defaultConfigurationIsVisible = 0;
-			defaultConfigurationName = Release;
-		};
+        8A1C836E2AC328BD0096AF73 /* Build configuration list for PBXProject "llama.swiftui" */ = {
+            isa = XCConfigurationList;
+            buildConfigurations = (
+                8A1C837F2AC328BE0096AF73 /* Debug */,
+                8A1C83802AC328BE0096AF73 /* Release */,
+            );
+            defaultConfigurationIsVisible = 0;
+            defaultConfigurationName = Release;
+        };
+        8A1C83812AC328BE0096AF73 /* Build configuration list for PBXNativeTarget "llama.swiftui" */ = {
+            isa = XCConfigurationList;
+            buildConfigurations = (
+                8A1C83822AC328BE0096AF73 /* Debug */,
+                8A1C83832AC328BE0096AF73 /* Release */,
+            );
+            defaultConfigurationIsVisible = 0;
+            defaultConfigurationName = Release;
+        };
 /* End XCConfigurationList section */
-
-/* Begin XCSwiftPackageProductDependency section */
-		DF810E122B4A5BA200301144 /* llama */ = {
-			isa = XCSwiftPackageProductDependency;
-			productName = llama;
-		};
-/* End XCSwiftPackageProductDependency section */
-	};
-	rootObject = 8A1C836B2AC328BD0096AF73 /* Project object */;
+    };
+    rootObject = 8A1C836B2AC328BD0096AF73 /* Project object */;
 }
--- a/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.swiftui/Assets.xcassets/AccentColor.colorset/Contents.json
+++ b/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.swiftui/Assets.xcassets/AccentColor.colorset/Contents.json
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+{
+  "colors" : [
+    {
+      "idiom" : "universal"
+    }
+  ],
+  "info" : {
+    "author" : "xcode",
+    "version" : 1
+  }
+}
--- a/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.swiftui/Models/LlamaState.swift
+++ b/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.swiftui/Models/LlamaState.swift
@@ -3,30 +3,27 @@ import Foundation
@MainActor
 class LlamaState: ObservableObject {
    @Published var messageLog = ""
-    @Published var cacheCleared = false
-    let NS_PER_S = 1_000_000_000.0

    private var llamaContext: LlamaContext?
-    private var defaultModelUrl: URL? {
-        Bundle.main.url(forResource: "ggml-model", withExtension: "gguf", subdirectory: "models")
+    private var modelUrl: URL? {
+        Bundle.main.url(forResource: "q8_0", withExtension: "gguf", subdirectory: "models")
        // Bundle.main.url(forResource: "llama-2-7b-chat", withExtension: "Q2_K.gguf", subdirectory: "models")
    }
-
    init() {
        do {
-            try loadModel(modelUrl: defaultModelUrl)
+            try loadModel()
        } catch {
            messageLog += "Error!\n"
        }
    }

-    func loadModel(modelUrl: URL?) throws {
+    private func loadModel() throws {
+        messageLog += "Loading model...\n"
        if let modelUrl {
-            messageLog += "Loading model...\n"
-            llamaContext = try LlamaContext.create_context(path: modelUrl.path())
+            llamaContext = try LlamaContext.createContext(path: modelUrl.path())
            messageLog += "Loaded model \(modelUrl.lastPathComponent)\n"
        } else {
-            messageLog += "Load a model from the list below\n"
+            messageLog += "Could not locate model\n"
        }
    }

@@ -34,67 +31,15 @@ class LlamaState: ObservableObject {
        guard let llamaContext else {
            return
        }
-
-        let t_start = DispatchTime.now().uptimeNanoseconds
+        messageLog += "Attempting to complete text...\n"
        await llamaContext.completion_init(text: text)
-        let t_heat_end = DispatchTime.now().uptimeNanoseconds
-        let t_heat = Double(t_heat_end - t_start) / NS_PER_S
-
        messageLog += "\(text)"

-        while await llamaContext.n_cur < llamaContext.n_len {
+        while await llamaContext.n_cur <= llamaContext.n_len {
            let result = await llamaContext.completion_loop()
            messageLog += "\(result)"
        }
-
-        let t_end = DispatchTime.now().uptimeNanoseconds
-        let t_generation = Double(t_end - t_heat_end) / NS_PER_S
-        let tokens_per_second = Double(await llamaContext.n_len) / t_generation
-
        await llamaContext.clear()
-        messageLog += """
-            \n
-            Done
-            Heat up took \(t_heat)s
-            Generated \(tokens_per_second) t/s\n
-            """
-    }
-
-    func bench() async {
-        guard let llamaContext else {
-            return
-        }
-
-        messageLog += "\n"
-        messageLog += "Running benchmark...\n"
-        messageLog += "Model info: "
-        messageLog += await llamaContext.model_info() + "\n"
-
-        let t_start = DispatchTime.now().uptimeNanoseconds
-        let _ = await llamaContext.bench(pp: 8, tg: 4, pl: 1) // heat up
-        let t_end = DispatchTime.now().uptimeNanoseconds
-
-        let t_heat = Double(t_end - t_start) / NS_PER_S
-        messageLog += "Heat up time: \(t_heat) seconds, please wait...\n"
-
-        // if more than 5 seconds, then we're probably running on a slow device
-        if t_heat > 5.0 {
-            messageLog += "Heat up time is too long, aborting benchmark\n"
-            return
-        }
-
-        let result = await llamaContext.bench(pp: 512, tg: 128, pl: 1, nr: 3)
-
-        messageLog += "\(result)"
-        messageLog += "\n"
-    }
-
-    func clear() async {
-        guard let llamaContext else {
-            return
-        }
-
-        await llamaContext.clear()
-        messageLog = ""
+        messageLog += "\n\ndone\n"
    }
 }
--- a/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.swiftui/Preview
+++ b/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.swiftui/Preview
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+  "info" : {
+    "author" : "xcode",
+    "version" : 1
+  }
+}
--- a/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.swiftui/UI/ContentView.swift
+++ b/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.swiftui/UI/ContentView.swift
@@ -5,110 +5,25 @@ struct ContentView: View {

    @State private var multiLineText = ""

-    private static func cleanupModelCaches() {
-        // Delete all models (*.gguf)
-        let fileManager = FileManager.default
-        let documentsUrl =  FileManager.default.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask)[0]
-        do {
-            let fileURLs = try fileManager.contentsOfDirectory(at: documentsUrl, includingPropertiesForKeys: nil)
-            for fileURL in fileURLs {
-                if fileURL.pathExtension == "gguf" {
-                    try fileManager.removeItem(at: fileURL)
-                }
-            }
-        } catch {
-            print("Error while enumerating files \(documentsUrl.path): \(error.localizedDescription)")
-        }
-    }
-
    var body: some View {
        VStack {
-            ScrollView(.vertical, showsIndicators: true) {
+            ScrollView(.vertical) {
                Text(llamaState.messageLog)
-                .font(.system(size: 12))
-                .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
-                .padding()
-                .onTapGesture {
-                    UIApplication.shared.sendAction(#selector(UIResponder.resignFirstResponder), to: nil, from: nil, for: nil)
-                }
            }

            TextEditor(text: $multiLineText)
-                .frame(height: 80)
+                .frame(height: 200)
                .padding()
                .border(Color.gray, width: 0.5)
-
-            HStack {
-                Button("Send") {
-                    sendText()
-                }
-
-                Button("Bench") {
-                    bench()
-                }
-
-                Button("Clear") {
-                    clear()
-                }
-
-                Button("Copy") {
-                    UIPasteboard.general.string = llamaState.messageLog
-                }
-            }.buttonStyle(.bordered)
-
-            VStack(alignment: .leading) {
-                DownloadButton(
-                    llamaState: llamaState,
-                    modelName: "TinyLlama-1.1B (Q4_0, 0.6 GiB)",
-                    modelUrl: "https://huggingface.co/TheBloke/TinyLlama-1.1B-1T-OpenOrca-GGUF/resolve/main/tinyllama-1.1b-1t-openorca.Q4_0.gguf?download=true",
-                    filename: "tinyllama-1.1b-1t-openorca.Q4_0.gguf"
-                )
-
-                DownloadButton(
-                    llamaState: llamaState,
-                    modelName: "TinyLlama-1.1B (Q8_0, 1.1 GiB)",
-                    modelUrl: "https://huggingface.co/TheBloke/TinyLlama-1.1B-1T-OpenOrca-GGUF/resolve/main/tinyllama-1.1b-1t-openorca.Q8_0.gguf?download=true",
-                    filename: "tinyllama-1.1b-1t-openorca.Q8_0.gguf"
-                )
-
-                DownloadButton(
-                    llamaState: llamaState,
-                    modelName: "TinyLlama-1.1B (F16, 2.2 GiB)",
-                    modelUrl: "https://huggingface.co/ggml-org/models/resolve/main/tinyllama-1.1b/ggml-model-f16.gguf?download=true",
-                    filename: "tinyllama-1.1b-f16.gguf"
-                )
-
-                DownloadButton(
-                    llamaState: llamaState,
-                    modelName: "Phi-2.7B (Q4_0, 1.6 GiB)",
-                    modelUrl: "https://huggingface.co/ggml-org/models/resolve/main/phi-2/ggml-model-q4_0.gguf?download=true",
-                    filename: "phi-2-q4_0.gguf"
-                )
-
-                DownloadButton(
-                    llamaState: llamaState,
-                    modelName: "Phi-2.7B (Q8_0, 2.8 GiB)",
-                    modelUrl: "https://huggingface.co/ggml-org/models/resolve/main/phi-2/ggml-model-q8_0.gguf?download=true",
-                    filename: "phi-2-q8_0.gguf"
-                )
-
-                DownloadButton(
-                    llamaState: llamaState,
-                    modelName: "Mistral-7B-v0.1 (Q4_0, 3.8 GiB)",
-                    modelUrl: "https://huggingface.co/TheBloke/Mistral-7B-v0.1-GGUF/resolve/main/mistral-7b-v0.1.Q4_0.gguf?download=true",
-                    filename: "mistral-7b-v0.1.Q4_0.gguf"
-                )
-
-                Button("Clear downloaded models") {
-                    ContentView.cleanupModelCaches()
-                    llamaState.cacheCleared = true
-                }
-
-                LoadCustomButton(llamaState: llamaState)
+            Button(action: {
+                sendText()
+            }) {
+                Text("Send")
+                    .padding()
+                    .background(Color.blue)
+                    .foregroundColor(.white)
+                    .cornerRadius(8)
            }
-            .padding(.top, 4)
-            .font(.system(size: 12))
-            .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
        }
        .padding()
    }
@@ -119,20 +34,9 @@ struct ContentView: View {
            multiLineText = ""
        }
    }
-
-    func bench() {
-        Task {
-            await llamaState.bench()
-        }
-    }
-
-    func clear() {
-        Task {
-            await llamaState.clear()
-        }
-    }
 }
-
-//#Preview {
-//    ContentView()
-//}
+/*
+#Preview {
+    ContentView()
+}
+*/
--- a/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.swiftui/UI/DownloadButton.swift
+++ b/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.swiftui/UI/DownloadButton.swift
@@ -1,122 +0,0 @@
-import SwiftUI
-
-struct DownloadButton: View {
-    @ObservedObject private var llamaState: LlamaState
-    private var modelName: String
-    private var modelUrl: String
-    private var filename: String
-
-    @State private var status: String
-
-    @State private var downloadTask: URLSessionDownloadTask?
-    @State private var progress = 0.0
-    @State private var observation: NSKeyValueObservation?
-
-    private static func getFileURL(filename: String) -> URL {
-        FileManager.default.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask)[0].appendingPathComponent(filename)
-    }
-
-    private func checkFileExistenceAndUpdateStatus() {
-    }
-
-    init(llamaState: LlamaState, modelName: String, modelUrl: String, filename: String) {
-        self.llamaState = llamaState
-        self.modelName = modelName
-        self.modelUrl = modelUrl
-        self.filename = filename
-
-        let fileURL = DownloadButton.getFileURL(filename: filename)
-        status = FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: fileURL.path) ? "downloaded" : "download"
-    }
-
-    private func download() {
-        status = "downloading"
-        print("Downloading model \(modelName) from \(modelUrl)")
-        guard let url = URL(string: modelUrl) else { return }
-        let fileURL = DownloadButton.getFileURL(filename: filename)
-
-        downloadTask = URLSession.shared.downloadTask(with: url) { temporaryURL, response, error in
-            if let error = error {
-                print("Error: \(error.localizedDescription)")
-                return
-            }
-
-            guard let response = response as? HTTPURLResponse, (200...299).contains(response.statusCode) else {
-                print("Server error!")
-                return
-            }
-
-            do {
-                if let temporaryURL = temporaryURL {
-                    try FileManager.default.copyItem(at: temporaryURL, to: fileURL)
-                    print("Writing to \(filename) completed")
-
-                    llamaState.cacheCleared = false
-
-                    status = "downloaded"
-                }
-            } catch let err {
-                print("Error: \(err.localizedDescription)")
-            }
-        }
-
-        observation = downloadTask?.progress.observe(\.fractionCompleted) { progress, _ in
-            self.progress = progress.fractionCompleted
-        }
-
-        downloadTask?.resume()
-    }
-
-    var body: some View {
-        VStack {
-            if status == "download" {
-                Button(action: download) {
-                    Text("Download " + modelName)
-                }
-            } else if status == "downloading" {
-                Button(action: {
-                    downloadTask?.cancel()
-                    status = "download"
-                }) {
-                    Text("\(modelName) (Downloading \(Int(progress * 100))%)")
-                }
-            } else if status == "downloaded" {
-                Button(action: {
-                    let fileURL = DownloadButton.getFileURL(filename: filename)
-                    if !FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: fileURL.path) {
-                        download()
-                        return
-                    }
-                    do {
-                        try llamaState.loadModel(modelUrl: fileURL)
-                    } catch let err {
-                        print("Error: \(err.localizedDescription)")
-                    }
-                }) {
-                    Text("Load \(modelName)")
-                }
-            } else {
-                Text("Unknown status")
-            }
-        }
-        .onDisappear() {
-            downloadTask?.cancel()
-        }
-        .onChange(of: llamaState.cacheCleared) { newValue in
-            if newValue {
-                downloadTask?.cancel()
-                let fileURL = DownloadButton.getFileURL(filename: filename)
-                status = FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: fileURL.path) ? "downloaded" : "download"
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-// #Preview {
-//    DownloadButton(
-//        llamaState: LlamaState(),
-//        modelName: "TheBloke / TinyLlama-1.1B-1T-OpenOrca-GGUF (Q4_0)",
-//        modelUrl: "https://huggingface.co/TheBloke/TinyLlama-1.1B-1T-OpenOrca-GGUF/resolve/main/tinyllama-1.1b-1t-openorca.Q4_0.gguf?download=true",
-//        filename: "tinyllama-1.1b-1t-openorca.Q4_0.gguf"
-//    )
-// }
--- a/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.swiftui/UI/LoadCustomButton.swift
+++ b/examples/llama.swiftui/llama.swiftui/UI/LoadCustomButton.swift
@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-import SwiftUI
-import UniformTypeIdentifiers
-
-struct LoadCustomButton: View {
-    @ObservedObject private var llamaState: LlamaState
-    @State private var showFileImporter = false
-
-    init(llamaState: LlamaState) {
-        self.llamaState = llamaState
-    }
-
-    var body: some View {
-        VStack {
-            Button(action: {
-                showFileImporter = true
-            }) {
-                Text("Load Custom Model")
-            }
-        }
-        .fileImporter(
-            isPresented: $showFileImporter,
-            allowedContentTypes: [UTType(filenameExtension: "gguf", conformingTo: .data)!],
-            allowsMultipleSelection: false
-        ) { result in
-            switch result {
-            case .success(let files):
-                files.forEach { file in
-                    let gotAccess = file.startAccessingSecurityScopedResource()
-                    if !gotAccess { return }
-
-                    do {
-                        try llamaState.loadModel(modelUrl: file.absoluteURL)
-                    } catch let err {
-                        print("Error: \(err.localizedDescription)")
-                    }
-
-                    file.stopAccessingSecurityScopedResource()
-                }
-            case .failure(let error):
-                print(error)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
--- a/examples/llava/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/examples/llava/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -24,8 +24,7 @@ endif()

 if (NOT MSVC)
    target_compile_options(llava PRIVATE -Wno-cast-qual) # stb_image.h
-endif()
-
+    endif()
 if(TARGET BUILD_INFO)
    add_dependencies(llava BUILD_INFO)
 endif()
@@ -33,5 +32,5 @@ endif()
 set(TARGET llava-cli)
 add_executable(llava-cli llava-cli.cpp)
 install(TARGETS llava-cli RUNTIME)
-target_link_libraries(llava-cli PRIVATE common llava ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
+target_link_libraries(llava-cli PRIVATE common llama llava ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
 target_compile_features(llava PRIVATE cxx_std_11)
--- a/examples/llava/clip.cpp
+++ b/examples/llava/clip.cpp
@@ -16,19 +16,12 @@
 #include "clip.h"
 #include "ggml.h"
 #include "ggml-alloc.h"
-#include "ggml-backend.h"
-
-#ifdef GGML_USE_CUBLAS
-#include "ggml-cuda.h"
-#endif
-
-#ifdef GGML_USE_METAL
-#include "ggml-metal.h"
-#endif

 #define STB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION
 #include "stb_image.h"

+#define CLIP_DEBUG
+
 static std::string format(const char * fmt, ...) {
    va_list ap;
    va_list ap2;
@@ -126,30 +119,26 @@ static struct ggml_tensor * get_tensor(struct ggml_context * ctx, const std::str
 }

 static std::string get_ftype(int ftype) {
-    return ggml_type_name(static_cast<ggml_type>(ftype));
+    switch (ftype) {
+    case 0:
+        return "f32";
+    case 1:
+        return "f16";
+    case 2:
+        return "q4_0";
+    case 3:
+        return "q4_1";
+    case 6:
+        return "q5_0";
+    case 7:
+        return "q5_1";
+    case 8:
+        return "q8_0";
+    default:
+        throw std::runtime_error(format("%s: Unrecognized file type: %d\n", __func__, ftype));
+    }
 }

-//
-// image data
-//
-
-// RGB uint8 image
-struct clip_image_u8 {
-    int nx;
-    int ny;
-
-    std::vector<uint8_t> buf;
-};
-
-// RGB float32 image (NHWC)
-// Memory layout: RGBRGBRGB...
-struct clip_image_f32 {
-    int nx;
-    int ny;
-
-    std::vector<float> buf;
-};
-
 //
 // clip layers
 //
@@ -207,31 +196,39 @@ struct clip_vision_model {
    struct ggml_tensor * mm_2_b;
 };

+// Replacement for std::vector<uint8_t> that doesn't require zero-initialization.
+struct clip_buffer {
+    uint8_t * data = NULL;
+    size_t size = 0;
+
+    void resize(size_t size) {
+        delete[] data;
+        data = new uint8_t[size];
+        this->size = size;
+    }
+
+    ~clip_buffer() { delete[] data; }
+};
+
 struct clip_ctx {
-    bool has_text_encoder    = false;
-    bool has_vision_encoder  = false;
+    bool has_text_encoder = false;
+    bool has_vision_encoder = false;
    bool has_llava_projector = false;
-
    struct clip_vision_model vision_model;
-
    float image_mean[3];
    float image_std[3];
    bool use_gelu = false;
    int32_t ftype = 1;
-
+    struct ggml_context * ctx;
    struct gguf_context * ctx_gguf;
-    struct ggml_context * ctx_data;
-
-    std::vector<uint8_t> buf_compute_meta;

    // memory buffers to evaluate the model
-    ggml_backend_buffer_t params_buffer = NULL;
-    ggml_backend_buffer_t compute_buffer = NULL;
-    ggml_backend_t backend = NULL;
-    ggml_allocr * compute_alloc = NULL;
+    clip_buffer buf_compute;
+    clip_buffer buf_alloc;
+    ggml_allocr * alloc = NULL;
 };

-static ggml_cgraph * clip_image_build_graph(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32_batch * imgs) {
+static ggml_cgraph * clip_image_build_graph(const clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32_batch * imgs) {
    if (!ctx->has_vision_encoder) {
        printf("This gguf file seems to have no vision encoder\n");
        return nullptr;
@@ -252,24 +249,28 @@ static ggml_cgraph * clip_image_build_graph(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32
    //const int projection_dim = hparams.projection_dim;
    const float eps = hparams.eps;
    int batch_size = imgs->size;
-    if (ctx->has_llava_projector) {
+    if(ctx->has_llava_projector) {
        GGML_ASSERT(batch_size == 1);
    }

+    const auto & buf_compute = ctx->buf_compute;
+
    struct ggml_init_params params = {
-        /*.mem_size   =*/ ctx->buf_compute_meta.size(),
-        /*.mem_buffer =*/ ctx->buf_compute_meta.data(),
-        /*.no_alloc   =*/ true,
+        /*.mem_size =*/ buf_compute.size,
+        /*.mem_buffer =*/ buf_compute.data,
+        /*.no_alloc =*/ false,
    };

+    params.no_alloc = true;
+
    struct ggml_context * ctx0 = ggml_init(params);
    struct ggml_cgraph * gf = ggml_new_graph(ctx0);

    struct ggml_tensor * inp_raw = ggml_new_tensor_4d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, image_size, image_size, 3, batch_size);
-    ggml_allocr_alloc(ctx->compute_alloc, inp_raw);
+    ggml_allocr_alloc(ctx->alloc, inp_raw);

-    if (!ggml_allocr_is_measure(ctx->compute_alloc)) {
-        float * data = (float *)malloc(ggml_nbytes(inp_raw));
+    if (!ggml_allocr_is_measure(ctx->alloc)) {
+        float * data = (float *)ggml_get_data(inp_raw);

        for (size_t i = 0; i < imgs->size; i++) {
            const int nx = imgs->data[i].nx;
@@ -282,14 +283,12 @@ static ggml_cgraph * clip_image_build_graph(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32
                for (int k = 0; k < 3; k++) {
                    for (int y = 0; y < ny; y++) {
                        for (int x = 0; x < nx; x++) {
-                            data[(b * 3 * n) + k * n + y * nx + x] = imgs->data[b].buf[3 * (y * nx + x) + k];
+                            data[(b * 3 * n) + k * n + y * nx + x] = imgs->data[b].data[3 * (y * nx + x) + k];
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
-        ggml_backend_tensor_set(inp_raw, data, 0, ggml_nbytes(inp_raw));
-        free(data);
    }

    struct ggml_tensor * inp = ggml_conv_2d(ctx0, model.patch_embeddings, inp_raw, patch_size, patch_size, 0, 0, 1, 1);
@@ -299,39 +298,42 @@ static ggml_cgraph * clip_image_build_graph(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32

    // concat class_embeddings and patch_embeddings
    struct ggml_tensor * embeddings = ggml_new_tensor_3d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, hidden_size, num_positions, batch_size);
-    ggml_allocr_alloc(ctx->compute_alloc, embeddings);
-    if (!ggml_allocr_is_measure(ctx->compute_alloc)) {
-        void* zero_mem = malloc(ggml_nbytes(embeddings));
-        memset(zero_mem, 0, ggml_nbytes(embeddings));
-        ggml_backend_tensor_set(embeddings, zero_mem, 0, ggml_nbytes(embeddings));
-        free(zero_mem);
+    ggml_allocr_alloc(ctx->alloc, embeddings);
+    if (!ggml_allocr_is_measure(ctx->alloc)) {
+        ggml_set_zero(embeddings);
    }

-    embeddings = ggml_acc(ctx0, embeddings, model.class_embedding,
-            embeddings->nb[1], embeddings->nb[2], embeddings->nb[3], 0);
+    struct ggml_tensor * temp = ggml_new_tensor_3d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, hidden_size, 1, batch_size);
+    ggml_allocr_alloc(ctx->alloc, temp);

-    embeddings = ggml_acc(ctx0, embeddings, inp,
-            embeddings->nb[1], embeddings->nb[2], embeddings->nb[3], model.class_embedding->nb[1]);
+    embeddings = ggml_acc(ctx0, embeddings, ggml_repeat(ctx0, model.class_embedding, temp), embeddings->nb[1],
+                          embeddings->nb[2], embeddings->nb[3], 0);
+    embeddings =
+        ggml_acc(ctx0, embeddings, inp, embeddings->nb[1], embeddings->nb[2], embeddings->nb[3], model.class_embedding->nb[1]);

    struct ggml_tensor * positions = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, num_positions);
-    ggml_allocr_alloc(ctx->compute_alloc, positions);
-    if (!ggml_allocr_is_measure(ctx->compute_alloc)) {
-        int* positions_data = (int*)malloc(ggml_nbytes(positions));
+    ggml_allocr_alloc(ctx->alloc, positions);
+    if (!ggml_allocr_is_measure(ctx->alloc)) {
        for (int i = 0; i < num_positions; i++) {
-            positions_data[i] = i;
+            ggml_set_i32_1d(positions, i, i);
        }
-        ggml_backend_tensor_set(positions, positions_data, 0, ggml_nbytes(positions));
-        free(positions_data);
    }

    embeddings =
-        ggml_add(ctx0, embeddings, ggml_get_rows(ctx0, model.position_embeddings, positions));
+        ggml_add(ctx0, embeddings, ggml_repeat(ctx0, ggml_get_rows(ctx0, model.position_embeddings, positions), embeddings));

    // pre-layernorm
    {
        embeddings = ggml_norm(ctx0, embeddings, eps);

-        embeddings = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul(ctx0, embeddings, model.pre_ln_w), model.pre_ln_b);
+        embeddings = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul(ctx0, ggml_repeat(ctx0, model.pre_ln_w, embeddings), embeddings),
+                              ggml_repeat(ctx0, model.pre_ln_b, embeddings));
+    }
+
+    struct ggml_tensor * KQ_scale = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_F32, 1);
+    ggml_allocr_alloc(ctx->alloc, KQ_scale);
+    if (!ggml_allocr_is_measure(ctx->alloc)) {
+        ggml_set_f32(KQ_scale, 1.0f / sqrt((float)d_head));
    }

    // loop over layers
@@ -344,30 +346,30 @@ static ggml_cgraph * clip_image_build_graph(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32
        {
            cur = ggml_norm(ctx0, cur, eps);

-            cur = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, model.layers[il].ln_1_w),
-                           model.layers[il].ln_1_b);
+            cur = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul(ctx0, ggml_repeat(ctx0, model.layers[il].ln_1_w, cur), cur),
+                           ggml_repeat(ctx0, model.layers[il].ln_1_b, cur));
        }

        // self-attention
        {

            struct ggml_tensor * Q =
-                ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.layers[il].q_w, cur), model.layers[il].q_b);
+                ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_repeat(ctx0, model.layers[il].q_b, cur), ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.layers[il].q_w, cur));

-            Q = ggml_scale_inplace(ctx0, Q, 1.0f / sqrt((float)d_head));
+            Q = ggml_scale_inplace(ctx0, Q, KQ_scale);
            Q = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, Q, d_head, n_head, num_positions, batch_size);
            Q = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, Q, 0, 2, 1, 3));
            Q = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, Q, d_head, num_positions, n_head * batch_size);

            struct ggml_tensor * K =
-                ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.layers[il].k_w, cur), model.layers[il].k_b);
+                ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_repeat(ctx0, model.layers[il].k_b, cur), ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.layers[il].k_w, cur));

            K = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, K, d_head, n_head, num_positions, batch_size);
            K = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, K, 0, 2, 1, 3));
            K = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, K, d_head, num_positions, n_head * batch_size);

            struct ggml_tensor * V =
-                ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.layers[il].v_w, cur), model.layers[il].v_b);
+                ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_repeat(ctx0, model.layers[il].v_b, cur), ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.layers[il].v_w, cur));

            V = ggml_reshape_4d(ctx0, V, d_head, n_head, num_positions, batch_size);
            V = ggml_cont(ctx0, ggml_permute(ctx0, V, 1, 2, 0, 3));
@@ -383,7 +385,7 @@ static ggml_cgraph * clip_image_build_graph(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32
        }

        // attention output
-        cur = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.layers[il].o_w, cur), model.layers[il].o_b);
+        cur = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_repeat(ctx0, model.layers[il].o_b, cur), ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.layers[il].o_w, cur));

        // re-add the layer input, e.g., residual
        cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, embeddings);
@@ -394,11 +396,12 @@ static ggml_cgraph * clip_image_build_graph(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32
        {
            cur = ggml_norm(ctx0, cur, eps);

-            cur = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, model.layers[il].ln_2_w), model.layers[il].ln_2_b);
+            cur = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_mul(ctx0, ggml_repeat(ctx0, model.layers[il].ln_2_w, cur), cur),
+                           ggml_repeat(ctx0, model.layers[il].ln_2_b, cur));
        }

        cur = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.layers[il].ff_i_w, cur);
-        cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.layers[il].ff_i_b);
+        cur = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_repeat(ctx0, model.layers[il].ff_i_b, cur), cur);

        if (ctx->use_gelu) {
            cur = ggml_gelu_inplace(ctx0, cur);
@@ -407,7 +410,7 @@ static ggml_cgraph * clip_image_build_graph(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32
        }

        cur = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.layers[il].ff_o_w, cur);
-        cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, model.layers[il].ff_o_b);
+        cur = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_repeat(ctx0, model.layers[il].ff_o_b, cur), cur);

        // residual 2
        cur = ggml_add(ctx0, embeddings, cur);
@@ -420,26 +423,23 @@ static ggml_cgraph * clip_image_build_graph(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32
        embeddings = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, embeddings, embeddings->ne[0], embeddings->ne[1]);

        struct ggml_tensor * patches = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx0, GGML_TYPE_I32, num_patches);
-        ggml_allocr_alloc(ctx->compute_alloc, patches);
-        if (!ggml_allocr_is_measure(ctx->compute_alloc)) {
-            int* patches_data = (int*)malloc(ggml_nbytes(patches));
-            for (int i = 0; i < num_patches; i++) {
-                patches_data[i] = i + 1;
+        ggml_allocr_alloc(ctx->alloc, patches);
+        if (!ggml_allocr_is_measure(ctx->alloc)) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < num_patches; ++i) {
+                ggml_set_i32_1d(patches, i, i+1);
            }
-            ggml_backend_tensor_set(patches, patches_data, 0, ggml_nbytes(patches));
-            free(patches_data);
        }

        embeddings = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, embeddings, patches);

        // mm projection 0
        embeddings = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.mm_0_w, embeddings);
-        embeddings = ggml_add(ctx0, embeddings, model.mm_0_b);
+        embeddings = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_repeat(ctx0, model.mm_0_b, embeddings), embeddings);

        embeddings = ggml_gelu(ctx0, embeddings);

        embeddings = ggml_mul_mat(ctx0, model.mm_2_w, embeddings);
-        embeddings = ggml_add(ctx0, embeddings, model.mm_2_b);
+        embeddings = ggml_add(ctx0, ggml_repeat(ctx0, model.mm_2_b, embeddings), embeddings);
    }

    // build the graph
@@ -452,6 +452,7 @@ static ggml_cgraph * clip_image_build_graph(clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_f32

 // read and create ggml_context containing the tensors and their data
 struct clip_ctx * clip_model_load(const char * fname, const int verbosity = 1) {
+
    struct ggml_context * meta = NULL;

    struct gguf_init_params params = {
@@ -484,7 +485,7 @@ struct clip_ctx * clip_model_load(const char * fname, const int verbosity = 1) {
        printf("%s: ftype:        %s\n", __func__, ftype_str.c_str());
        printf("\n");
    }
-    const int n_tensors = gguf_get_n_tensors(ctx);
+
    // kv
    if (verbosity >= 3) {
        const int n_kv = gguf_get_n_kv(ctx);
@@ -498,41 +499,28 @@ struct clip_ctx * clip_model_load(const char * fname, const int verbosity = 1) {
    }

    // data
-    size_t buffer_size = 0;
+    size_t ctx_size = 0;
    {
+        const int n_tensors = gguf_get_n_tensors(ctx);
+
        for (int i = 0; i < n_tensors; ++i) {
            const char * name = gguf_get_tensor_name(ctx, i);
            const size_t offset = gguf_get_tensor_offset(ctx, i);
+
            struct ggml_tensor * cur = ggml_get_tensor(meta, name);
+            ctx_size += sizeof(struct ggml_tensor) + GGML_OBJECT_SIZE;
            size_t tensor_size = ggml_nbytes(cur);
-            buffer_size += tensor_size;
+            size_t padded_size = ggml_nbytes_pad(cur);
+            ctx_size += padded_size;
            if (verbosity >= 3) {
-                printf("%s: tensor[%d]: n_dims = %d, name = %s, tensor_size=%zu, offset=%zu\n", __func__, i,
-                       ggml_n_dims(cur), cur->name, tensor_size, offset);
+                printf("%s: tensor[%d]: n_dims = %d, name = %s, tensor_size=%zu, padded_size=%zu, offset=%zu\n", __func__, i,
+                       cur->n_dims, cur->name, tensor_size, padded_size, offset);
            }
        }
    }

-    buffer_size += n_tensors * 128 /* CLIP PADDING */;
-
    clip_ctx * new_clip = new clip_ctx;

-#ifdef GGML_USE_CUBLAS
-    new_clip->backend = ggml_backend_cuda_init(0);
-    printf("%s: CLIP using CUDA backend\n", __func__);
-#endif
-
-#ifdef GGML_USE_METAL
-    new_clip->backend = ggml_backend_metal_init();
-    printf("%s: CLIP using Metal backend\n", __func__);
-#endif
-
-
-    if (!new_clip->backend) {
-        new_clip->backend = ggml_backend_cpu_init();
-        printf("%s: CLIP using CPU backend\n", __func__);
-    }
-
    // model size and capabilities
    {
        int idx = get_key_idx(ctx, KEY_HAS_TEXT_ENC);
@@ -557,24 +545,21 @@ struct clip_ctx * clip_model_load(const char * fname, const int verbosity = 1) {
            printf("%s: text_encoder:   %d\n", __func__, new_clip->has_text_encoder);
            printf("%s: vision_encoder: %d\n", __func__, new_clip->has_vision_encoder);
            printf("%s: llava_projector:  %d\n", __func__, new_clip->has_llava_projector);
-            printf("%s: model size:     %.2f MB\n", __func__, buffer_size / 1024.0 / 1024.0);
+            printf("%s: model size:     %.2f MB\n", __func__, (ctx_size / 1024.0 / 1024.0));
            printf("%s: metadata size:  %.2f MB\n", __func__, ggml_get_mem_size(meta) / 1024.0 / 1024.0);
        }
    }

-    printf("%s: params backend buffer size = % 6.2f MB (%i tensors)\n", __func__, buffer_size / (1024.0 * 1024.0), n_tensors);
-
    // load tensors
    {
-        std::vector<uint8_t> read_buf;
        struct ggml_init_params params = {
-            /*.mem_size =*/ (n_tensors + 1) * ggml_tensor_overhead(),
+            /*.mem_size =*/ ctx_size,
            /*.mem_buffer =*/ NULL,
-            /*.no_alloc =*/ true,
+            /*.no_alloc =*/ false,
        };

-        new_clip->ctx_data = ggml_init(params);
-        if (!new_clip->ctx_data) {
+        new_clip->ctx = ggml_init(params);
+        if (!new_clip->ctx) {
            fprintf(stderr, "%s: ggml_init() failed\n", __func__);
            clip_free(new_clip);
            return nullptr;
@@ -587,21 +572,13 @@ struct clip_ctx * clip_model_load(const char * fname, const int verbosity = 1) {
            return nullptr;
        }

-        // add tensors to context
+        const int n_tensors = gguf_get_n_tensors(ctx);
        for (int i = 0; i < n_tensors; ++i) {
            const char * name = gguf_get_tensor_name(ctx, i);
            struct ggml_tensor * t = ggml_get_tensor(meta, name);
-            struct ggml_tensor * cur = ggml_dup_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, t);
+            struct ggml_tensor * cur = ggml_dup_tensor(new_clip->ctx, t);
            ggml_set_name(cur, name);
-        }

-        // alloc memory and offload data
-        new_clip->params_buffer = ggml_backend_alloc_buffer(new_clip->backend, buffer_size);
-        ggml_allocr* alloc = ggml_allocr_new_from_buffer(new_clip->params_buffer);
-        for (int i = 0; i < n_tensors; ++i) {
-            const char * name = gguf_get_tensor_name(ctx, i);
-            struct ggml_tensor * cur = ggml_get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, name);
-            ggml_allocr_alloc(alloc, cur);
            const size_t offset = gguf_get_data_offset(ctx) + gguf_get_tensor_offset(ctx, i);
            fin.seekg(offset, std::ios::beg);
            if (!fin) {
@@ -609,18 +586,10 @@ struct clip_ctx * clip_model_load(const char * fname, const int verbosity = 1) {
                clip_free(new_clip);
                return nullptr;
            }
-            int num_bytes = ggml_nbytes(cur);
-            if (ggml_backend_buffer_is_host(new_clip->params_buffer)) {
-                // for the CPU and Metal backend, we can read directly into the tensor
-                fin.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(cur->data), num_bytes);
-            } else {
-                // read into a temporary buffer first, then copy to device memory
-                read_buf.resize(num_bytes);
-                fin.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(read_buf.data()), num_bytes);
-                ggml_backend_tensor_set(cur, read_buf.data(), 0, num_bytes);
-            }
+
+            fin.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(cur->data), ggml_nbytes(t));
        }
-        ggml_allocr_free(alloc);
+
        fin.close();
    }

@@ -629,20 +598,20 @@ struct clip_ctx * clip_model_load(const char * fname, const int verbosity = 1) {
        // load vision model
        auto & vision_model = new_clip->vision_model;
        auto & hparams = vision_model.hparams;
-        hparams.hidden_size    = get_u32(ctx, format(KEY_N_EMBD, "vision"));
-        hparams.n_head         = get_u32(ctx, format(KEY_N_HEAD, "vision"));
+        hparams.hidden_size = get_u32(ctx, format(KEY_N_EMBD, "vision"));
+        hparams.n_head = get_u32(ctx, format(KEY_N_HEAD, "vision"));
        hparams.n_intermediate = get_u32(ctx, format(KEY_N_FF, "vision"));
-        hparams.n_layer        = get_u32(ctx, format(KEY_N_BLOCK, "vision"));
-        hparams.image_size     = get_u32(ctx, KEY_IMAGE_SIZE);
-        hparams.patch_size     = get_u32(ctx, KEY_PATCH_SIZE);
+        hparams.n_layer = get_u32(ctx, format(KEY_N_BLOCK, "vision"));
+        hparams.image_size = get_u32(ctx, KEY_IMAGE_SIZE);
+        hparams.patch_size = get_u32(ctx, KEY_PATCH_SIZE);
        hparams.projection_dim = get_u32(ctx, format(KEY_PROJ_DIM, "vision"));
-        hparams.eps            = get_f32(ctx, format(KEY_LAYER_NORM_EPS, "vision"));
+        hparams.eps = get_f32(ctx, format(KEY_LAYER_NORM_EPS, "vision"));

        int idx_mean = get_key_idx(ctx, KEY_IMAGE_MEAN);
-        int idx_std  = get_key_idx(ctx, KEY_IMAGE_STD);
+        int idx_std = get_key_idx(ctx, KEY_IMAGE_STD);
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
            new_clip->image_mean[i] = *((const float *)gguf_get_arr_data(ctx, idx_mean));
-            new_clip->image_std[i]  = *((const float *)gguf_get_arr_data(ctx, idx_std));
+            new_clip->image_std[i] = *((const float *)gguf_get_arr_data(ctx, idx_std));
        }

        if (verbosity >= 2) {
@@ -656,35 +625,35 @@ struct clip_ctx * clip_model_load(const char * fname, const int verbosity = 1) {
            printf("v_n_layer          %d\n", hparams.n_layer);
        }

-        vision_model.patch_embeddings    = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, TN_PATCH_EMBD);
-        vision_model.class_embedding     = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, TN_CLASS_EMBD);
-        vision_model.position_embeddings = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_POS_EMBD, "v"));
-        vision_model.pre_ln_w            = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_LN_PRE, "v", "weight"));
-        vision_model.pre_ln_b            = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_LN_PRE, "v", "bias"));
-        vision_model.mm_0_w              = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_LLAVA_PROJ, 0, "weight"));
-        vision_model.mm_0_b              = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_LLAVA_PROJ, 0, "bias"));
-        vision_model.mm_2_w              = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_LLAVA_PROJ, 2, "weight"));
-        vision_model.mm_2_b              = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_LLAVA_PROJ, 2, "bias"));
+        vision_model.patch_embeddings = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, TN_PATCH_EMBD);
+        vision_model.class_embedding = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, TN_CLASS_EMBD);
+        vision_model.position_embeddings = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_POS_EMBD, "v"));
+        vision_model.pre_ln_w = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_LN_PRE, "v", "weight"));
+        vision_model.pre_ln_b = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_LN_PRE, "v", "bias"));
+        vision_model.mm_0_w = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_LLAVA_PROJ, 0, "weight"));
+        vision_model.mm_0_b = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_LLAVA_PROJ, 0, "bias"));
+        vision_model.mm_2_w = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_LLAVA_PROJ, 2, "weight"));
+        vision_model.mm_2_b = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_LLAVA_PROJ, 2, "bias"));

        vision_model.layers.resize(hparams.n_layer);
        for (int il = 0; il < hparams.n_layer; ++il) {
            auto & layer = vision_model.layers[il];
-            layer.k_w    = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_ATTN_K,      "v", il, "weight"));
-            layer.q_w    = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_ATTN_Q,      "v", il, "weight"));
-            layer.v_w    = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_ATTN_V,      "v", il, "weight"));
-            layer.o_w    = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_ATTN_OUTPUT, "v", il, "weight"));
-            layer.ln_1_w = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_LN_1,        "v", il, "weight"));
-            layer.ln_2_w = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_LN_2,        "v", il, "weight"));
-            layer.ff_i_w = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_FFN_DOWN,    "v", il, "weight"));
-            layer.ff_o_w = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_FFN_UP,      "v", il, "weight"));
-            layer.k_b    = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_ATTN_K,      "v", il, "bias"));
-            layer.q_b    = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_ATTN_Q,      "v", il, "bias"));
-            layer.v_b    = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_ATTN_V,      "v", il, "bias"));
-            layer.o_b    = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_ATTN_OUTPUT, "v", il, "bias"));
-            layer.ln_1_b = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_LN_1,        "v", il, "bias"));
-            layer.ln_2_b = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_LN_2,        "v", il, "bias"));
-            layer.ff_i_b = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_FFN_DOWN,    "v", il, "bias"));
-            layer.ff_o_b = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx_data, format(TN_FFN_UP,      "v", il, "bias"));
+            layer.k_w = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_ATTN_K, "v", il, "weight"));
+            layer.q_w = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_ATTN_Q, "v", il, "weight"));
+            layer.v_w = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_ATTN_V, "v", il, "weight"));
+            layer.o_w = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_ATTN_OUTPUT, "v", il, "weight"));
+            layer.ln_1_w = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_LN_1, "v", il, "weight"));
+            layer.ln_2_w = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_LN_2, "v", il, "weight"));
+            layer.ff_i_w = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_FFN_DOWN, "v", il, "weight"));
+            layer.ff_o_w = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_FFN_UP, "v", il, "weight"));
+            layer.k_b = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_ATTN_K, "v", il, "bias"));
+            layer.q_b = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_ATTN_Q, "v", il, "bias"));
+            layer.v_b = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_ATTN_V, "v", il, "bias"));
+            layer.o_b = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_ATTN_OUTPUT, "v", il, "bias"));
+            layer.ln_1_b = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_LN_1, "v", il, "bias"));
+            layer.ln_2_b = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_LN_2, "v", il, "bias"));
+            layer.ff_i_b = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_FFN_DOWN, "v", il, "bias"));
+            layer.ff_o_b = get_tensor(new_clip->ctx, format(TN_FFN_UP, "v", il, "bias"));
        }
    }

@@ -692,45 +661,45 @@ struct clip_ctx * clip_model_load(const char * fname, const int verbosity = 1) {

    new_clip->ctx_gguf = ctx;

-    // measure mem requirement and allocate
+// measure mem requirement and allocate
    {
-        new_clip->buf_compute_meta.resize(GGML_DEFAULT_GRAPH_SIZE * ggml_tensor_overhead() + ggml_graph_overhead());
-        new_clip->compute_alloc = ggml_allocr_new_measure_from_backend(new_clip->backend);
+        static const size_t tensor_alignment = 32;
+        new_clip->buf_compute.resize(ggml_tensor_overhead()*GGML_DEFAULT_GRAPH_SIZE + ggml_graph_overhead());
+        new_clip->alloc = ggml_allocr_new_measure(tensor_alignment);
        clip_image_f32_batch batch;
        batch.size = 1;
        ggml_cgraph * gf = clip_image_build_graph(new_clip, &batch);
-        size_t compute_memory_buffer_size = ggml_allocr_alloc_graph(new_clip->compute_alloc, gf);
-        ggml_allocr_free(new_clip->compute_alloc);
-        new_clip->compute_buffer = ggml_backend_alloc_buffer(new_clip->backend, compute_memory_buffer_size);
-        new_clip->compute_alloc = ggml_allocr_new_from_buffer(new_clip->compute_buffer);
+        size_t alloc_size = ggml_allocr_alloc_graph(new_clip->alloc, gf) + tensor_alignment;
+        ggml_allocr_free(new_clip->alloc);
+        new_clip->buf_alloc.resize(alloc_size);
+        new_clip->alloc = ggml_allocr_new(new_clip->buf_alloc.data, new_clip->buf_alloc.size, tensor_alignment);

-        printf("%s: compute allocated memory: %.2f MB\n", __func__, compute_memory_buffer_size /1024.0/1024.0);
+        printf("%s: total allocated memory: %.2f MB\n", __func__, (new_clip->buf_compute.size + alloc_size)/1024.0/1024.0);
    }

    return new_clip;
 }

-struct clip_image_u8 * clip_image_u8_init() {
-    return new clip_image_u8();
+clip_image_u8 * make_clip_image_u8() {
+    auto img = new clip_image_u8();
+    return img;
 }
+clip_image_f32 * make_clip_image_f32() { return new clip_image_f32(); }

-struct clip_image_f32 * clip_image_f32_init() {
-    return new clip_image_f32();
-}
-
-void clip_image_u8_free (struct clip_image_u8  * img) { delete img; }
-void clip_image_f32_free(struct clip_image_f32 * img) { delete img; }
+void clip_image_u8_free(clip_image_u8 * img) { if (img->data) { delete[] img->data; } delete img; }
+void clip_image_f32_free(clip_image_f32 * img) { if (img->data) { delete[] img->data; } delete img; }

 static void build_clip_img_from_data(const stbi_uc * data, int nx, int ny, clip_image_u8 * img) {
    img->nx = nx;
    img->ny = ny;
-    img->buf.resize(3 * nx * ny);
-    memcpy(img->buf.data(), data, img->buf.size());
+    img->size = nx * ny * 3;
+    img->data = new uint8_t[img->size]();
+    memcpy(img->data, data, img->size);
 }

 bool clip_image_load_from_file(const char * fname, clip_image_u8 * img) {
    int nx, ny, nc;
-    auto * data = stbi_load(fname, &nx, &ny, &nc, 3);
+    auto data = stbi_load(fname, &nx, &ny, &nc, 3);
    if (!data) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s: failed to load image '%s'\n", __func__, fname);
        return false;
@@ -742,7 +711,7 @@ bool clip_image_load_from_file(const char * fname, clip_image_u8 * img) {

 bool clip_image_load_from_bytes(const unsigned char * bytes, size_t bytes_length, struct clip_image_u8 * img) {
    int nx, ny, nc;
-    auto * data = stbi_load_from_memory(bytes, bytes_length, &nx, &ny, &nc, 3);
+    auto data = stbi_load_from_memory(bytes, bytes_length, &nx, &ny, &nc, 3);
    if (!data) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s: failed to decode image bytes\n", __func__);
        return false;
@@ -754,7 +723,7 @@ bool clip_image_load_from_bytes(const unsigned char * bytes, size_t bytes_length

 // normalize: x = (x - mean) / std
 // TODO: implement bicubic interpolation instead of linear.
-bool clip_image_preprocess(struct clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_u8 * img, clip_image_f32 * res, const bool pad2square) {
+bool clip_image_preprocess(const clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_u8 * img, clip_image_f32 * res, const bool pad2square) {
    if (!ctx->has_vision_encoder) {
        printf("This gguf file seems to have no vision encoder\n");
        return false;
@@ -763,17 +732,18 @@ bool clip_image_preprocess(struct clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_u8 * img, cli
    // the logic below is to pad the shorter side to the longer side with a background color: rgb(122, 116, 104)
    // see https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA/blob/e854a2bf85118c504f6f16bf5c3c7c92f8fa8c6b/llava/conversation.py#L113-L156

-    clip_image_u8 * temp = clip_image_u8_init(); // we will keep the input image data here temporarily
+    clip_image_u8 * temp = make_clip_image_u8(); // we will keep the input image data here temporarily
    if (pad2square && img->nx != img->ny) {
        int longer_side = std::max(img->nx, img->ny);
        temp->nx = longer_side;
        temp->ny = longer_side;
-        temp->buf.resize(3 * longer_side * longer_side);
-        const uint8_t bc[3] = {122, 116, 104}; // background color in RGB from LLaVA
+        temp->size = 3 * longer_side * longer_side;
+        temp->data = new uint8_t[temp->size]();
+        uint8_t bc[3] = {122, 116, 104}; // bakground color in RGB from LLaVA

        // fill with background color
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < temp->buf.size(); i++) {
-            temp->buf[i] = bc[i % 3];
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < temp->size; i++) {
+            temp->data[i] = bc[i % 3];
        }

        // copy from the input image
@@ -781,16 +751,17 @@ bool clip_image_preprocess(struct clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_u8 * img, cli
            for (int x = 0; x < img->nx; x++) {
                const int i = 3 * (y * img->nx + x);
                const int j = 3 * (y * temp->nx + x);
-                temp->buf[j]   = img->buf[i];
-                temp->buf[j+1] = img->buf[i+1];
-                temp->buf[j+2] = img->buf[i+2];
+                temp->data[j] = img->data[i];
+                temp->data[j+1] = img->data[i+1];
+                temp->data[j+2] = img->data[i+2];
            }
        }
    } else {
-        temp->nx = img->nx;
-        temp->ny = img->ny;
-        temp->buf.resize(img->buf.size());
-        memcpy(temp->buf.data(), img->buf.data(), temp->buf.size());
+        temp->nx   = img->nx;
+        temp->ny   = img->ny;
+        temp->size = img->size;
+        temp->data = new uint8_t[temp->size]();
+        memcpy(&temp->data[0], &img->data[0], temp->size); // copy
    }

    const int nx = temp->nx;
@@ -801,7 +772,8 @@ bool clip_image_preprocess(struct clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_u8 * img, cli

    res->nx = nx2;
    res->ny = ny2;
-    res->buf.resize(3 * nx2 * ny2);
+    res->size = 3 * nx2 * ny2;
+    res->data = new float[res->size]();

    const float scale = std::max(nx, ny) / (float)ctx->vision_model.hparams.image_size;

@@ -832,10 +804,10 @@ bool clip_image_preprocess(struct clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_u8 * img, cli
                const int j10 = 3 * (y1 * nx + x0) + c;
                const int j11 = 3 * (y1 * nx + x1) + c;

-                const float v00 = temp->buf[j00];
-                const float v01 = temp->buf[j01];
-                const float v10 = temp->buf[j10];
-                const float v11 = temp->buf[j11];
+                const float v00 = temp->data[j00];
+                const float v01 = temp->data[j01];
+                const float v10 = temp->data[j10];
+                const float v11 = temp->data[j11];

                const float v0 = v00 * (1.0f - dx) + v01 * dx;
                const float v1 = v10 * (1.0f - dx) + v11 * dx;
@@ -846,7 +818,7 @@ bool clip_image_preprocess(struct clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_u8 * img, cli

                const int i = 3 * (y * nx3 + x) + c;

-                res->buf[i] = ((float(v2) / 255.0f) - m3[c]) / s3[c];
+                res->data[i] = ((float(v2) / 255.0f) - m3[c]) / s3[c];
            }
        }
    }
@@ -856,13 +828,12 @@ bool clip_image_preprocess(struct clip_ctx * ctx, const clip_image_u8 * img, cli
 }

 void clip_free(clip_ctx * ctx) {
-    ggml_free(ctx->ctx_data);
+    ggml_free(ctx->ctx);
    gguf_free(ctx->ctx_gguf);
-
    delete ctx;
 }

-bool clip_image_encode(struct clip_ctx * ctx, const int n_threads, clip_image_f32 * img, float * vec) {
+bool clip_image_encode(const clip_ctx * ctx, const int n_threads, clip_image_f32 * img, float * vec) {
    if (!ctx->has_vision_encoder) {
        printf("This gguf file seems to have no vision encoder\n");
        return false;
@@ -874,7 +845,8 @@ bool clip_image_encode(struct clip_ctx * ctx, const int n_threads, clip_image_f3
    return clip_image_batch_encode(ctx, n_threads, &imgs, vec);
 }

-bool clip_image_batch_encode(clip_ctx * ctx, const int n_threads, const clip_image_f32_batch * imgs, float * vec) {
+bool clip_image_batch_encode(const clip_ctx * ctx, const int n_threads, const clip_image_f32_batch * imgs, float * vec) {
+
    if (!ctx->has_vision_encoder) {
        printf("This gguf file seems to have no vision encoder\n");
        return false;
@@ -886,29 +858,29 @@ bool clip_image_batch_encode(clip_ctx * ctx, const int n_threads, const clip_ima
    }

    // reset alloc buffer to clean the memory from previous invocations
-    ggml_allocr_reset(ctx->compute_alloc);
+    ggml_allocr_reset(ctx->alloc);

    // build the inference graph
    ggml_cgraph * gf = clip_image_build_graph(ctx, imgs);
-    ggml_allocr_alloc_graph(ctx->compute_alloc, gf);
+    ggml_allocr_alloc_graph(ctx->alloc, gf);

-    if (ggml_backend_is_cpu(ctx->backend)) {
-        ggml_backend_cpu_set_n_threads(ctx->backend, n_threads);
+    struct ggml_cplan plan = ggml_graph_plan(gf, n_threads);
+    if (plan.work_size > 0) {
+        plan.work_data = (uint8_t *)malloc(plan.work_size);
    }

-#ifdef GGML_USE_METAL
-    if (ggml_backend_is_metal(ctx->backend)) {
-        ggml_backend_metal_set_n_cb(ctx->backend, n_threads);
-    }
-#endif
-
-    ggml_backend_graph_compute(ctx->backend, gf);
+    ggml_graph_compute(gf, &plan);

    // the last node is the embedding tensor
-    struct ggml_tensor * embeddings = gf->nodes[gf->n_nodes - 1];
+struct ggml_tensor * embeddings = gf->nodes[gf->n_nodes - 1];

    // copy the embeddings to the location passed by the user
-    ggml_backend_tensor_get(embeddings, vec, 0, ggml_nbytes(embeddings));
+    memcpy(vec, ggml_get_data_f32(embeddings), ggml_nbytes(embeddings));
+
+    if (plan.work_size > 0) {
+        free(plan.work_data);
+    }
+
    return true;
 }

@@ -916,15 +888,32 @@ bool clip_model_quantize(const char * fname_inp, const char * fname_out, const i

    ggml_type type = GGML_TYPE_Q4_1;

-    assert(itype < GGML_TYPE_COUNT);
-    type = static_cast<ggml_type>(itype);
-
-    auto * ctx_clip = clip_model_load(fname_inp, 2);
+    switch (itype) {
+    case 2:
+        type = GGML_TYPE_Q4_0;
+        break;
+    case 3:
+        type = GGML_TYPE_Q4_1;
+        break;
+    case 6:
+        type = GGML_TYPE_Q5_0;
+        break;
+    case 7:
+        type = GGML_TYPE_Q5_1;
+        break;
+    case 8:
+        type = GGML_TYPE_Q8_0;
+        break;
+    default:
+        fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid quantization type %d\n", __func__, itype);
+        return false;
+    };

+    auto ctx_clip = clip_model_load(fname_inp, 2);
    const auto & ctx_src = ctx_clip->ctx_gguf;
-    const auto & ctx_data = ctx_clip->ctx_data;
+    const auto & ctx_data = ctx_clip->ctx;

-    auto * ctx_out = gguf_init_empty();
+    auto ctx_out = gguf_init_empty();
    gguf_set_kv(ctx_out, ctx_src);
    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx_out, "general.quantization_version", GGML_QNT_VERSION);
    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx_out, "general.file_type", itype);
@@ -973,14 +962,10 @@ bool clip_model_quantize(const char * fname_inp, const char * fname_out, const i
        }

        // quantize only 2D tensors
-        quantize &= (ggml_n_dims(cur) == 2);
+        quantize &= (cur->n_dims == 2);

        if (quantize) {
            new_type = type;
-            if (new_type >= GGML_TYPE_Q2_K && name.find("embd") != std::string::npos) {
-                new_type = GGML_TYPE_Q8_0; // ggml_get_rows needs non K type
-                // fprintf(stderr, "%s: quantizing %s to %s\n", __func__, name.c_str(), ggml_type_name(new_type));
-            }
            const size_t n_elms = ggml_nelements(cur);
            float * f32_data;

@@ -1025,21 +1010,6 @@ bool clip_model_quantize(const char * fname_inp, const char * fname_out, const i
                case GGML_TYPE_Q8_0: {
                    new_size = ggml_quantize_q8_0(f32_data, new_data, n_elms, cur->ne[0], hist_cur.data());
                } break;
-                case GGML_TYPE_Q2_K: {
-                    new_size = ggml_quantize_q2_K(f32_data, new_data, n_elms, cur->ne[0], hist_cur.data());
-                } break;
-                case GGML_TYPE_Q3_K: {
-                    new_size = ggml_quantize_q3_K(f32_data, new_data, n_elms, cur->ne[0], hist_cur.data());
-                } break;
-                case GGML_TYPE_Q4_K: {
-                    new_size = ggml_quantize_q4_K(f32_data, new_data, n_elms, cur->ne[0], hist_cur.data());
-                } break;
-                case GGML_TYPE_Q5_K: {
-                    new_size = ggml_quantize_q5_K(f32_data, new_data, n_elms, cur->ne[0], hist_cur.data());
-                } break;
-                case GGML_TYPE_Q6_K: {
-                    new_size = ggml_quantize_q6_K(f32_data, new_data, n_elms, cur->ne[0], hist_cur.data());
-                } break;
                default: {
                    fprintf(stderr, "%s: unsupported quantization type %d\n", __func__, new_type);
                    return false;
@@ -1065,7 +1035,7 @@ bool clip_model_quantize(const char * fname_inp, const char * fname_out, const i
            fout.put(0);
        }

-        printf("%s: n_dims = %d | quantize=%d | size = %f MB -> %f MB\n", name.c_str(), ggml_n_dims(cur), quantize,
+        printf("%s: n_dims = %d | quantize=%d | size = %f MB -> %f MB\n", name.c_str(), cur->n_dims, quantize,
               orig_size / 1024.0 / 1024.0, new_size / 1024.0 / 1024.0);
    }

@@ -1081,8 +1051,8 @@ bool clip_model_quantize(const char * fname_inp, const char * fname_out, const i
    gguf_free(ctx_out);

    {
-        printf("%s: original  size = %8.2f MB\n", __func__, total_size_org / 1024.0 / 1024.0);
-        printf("%s: quantized size = %8.2f MB\n", __func__, total_size_new / 1024.0 / 1024.0);
+        printf("%s: original size  = %8.2f MB\n", __func__, total_size_org / 1024.0 / 1024.0);
+        printf("%s: quantized size  = %8.2f MB\n", __func__, total_size_new / 1024.0 / 1024.0);

        int64_t sum_all = 0;
        for (size_t i = 0; i < hist_all.size(); ++i) {
--- a/examples/llava/clip.h
+++ b/examples/llava/clip.h
@@ -35,14 +35,31 @@ struct clip_vision_hparams {
    float eps;
 };

-CLIP_API struct clip_ctx * clip_model_load(const char * fname, int verbosity);
-
+/** load mmproj model */
+CLIP_API struct clip_ctx * clip_model_load(const char * fname, const int verbosity);
+/** free mmproj model */
 CLIP_API void clip_free(struct clip_ctx * ctx);

-CLIP_API size_t clip_embd_nbytes(const struct clip_ctx * ctx);
+size_t clip_embd_nbytes(const struct clip_ctx * ctx);
+int clip_n_patches(const struct clip_ctx * ctx);
+int clip_n_mmproj_embd(const struct clip_ctx * ctx);

-CLIP_API int clip_n_patches    (const struct clip_ctx * ctx);
-CLIP_API int clip_n_mmproj_embd(const struct clip_ctx * ctx);
+// RGB uint8 image
+struct clip_image_u8 {
+    int nx;
+    int ny;
+    uint8_t * data = NULL;
+    size_t size;
+};
+
+// RGB float32 image (NHWC)
+// Memory layout: RGBRGBRGB...
+struct clip_image_f32 {
+    int nx;
+    int ny;
+    float * data = NULL;
+    size_t size;
+};

 struct clip_image_u8_batch {
    struct clip_image_u8 * data;
@@ -54,22 +71,21 @@ struct clip_image_f32_batch {
    size_t size;
 };

-CLIP_API struct clip_image_u8  * clip_image_u8_init ();
-CLIP_API struct clip_image_f32 * clip_image_f32_init();
-
-CLIP_API void clip_image_u8_free (struct clip_image_u8 * img);
-CLIP_API void clip_image_f32_free(struct clip_image_f32 * img);
-
+struct clip_image_u8 * make_clip_image_u8();
+struct clip_image_f32 * make_clip_image_f32();
+CLIP_API void clip_image_u8_free(clip_image_u8 * img);
+CLIP_API void clip_image_f32_free(clip_image_f32 * img);
 CLIP_API bool clip_image_load_from_file(const char * fname, struct clip_image_u8 * img);
-
 /** interpret bytes as an image file with length bytes_length, and use the result to populate img */
 CLIP_API bool clip_image_load_from_bytes(const unsigned char * bytes, size_t bytes_length, struct clip_image_u8 * img);

-CLIP_API bool clip_image_preprocess  (struct clip_ctx * ctx, const struct clip_image_u8 * img, struct clip_image_f32 * res, bool pad2square);
-CLIP_API bool clip_image_encode      (struct clip_ctx * ctx, int n_threads, struct clip_image_f32 * img, float * vec);
-CLIP_API bool clip_image_batch_encode(struct clip_ctx * ctx, int n_threads, const struct clip_image_f32_batch * imgs, float * vec);
+bool clip_image_preprocess(const struct clip_ctx * ctx, const struct clip_image_u8 * img, struct clip_image_f32 * res, const bool pad2square);
+bool clip_image_encode(const struct clip_ctx * ctx, const int n_threads, struct clip_image_f32 * img, float * vec);

-CLIP_API bool clip_model_quantize(const char * fname_inp, const char * fname_out, int itype);
+bool clip_image_batch_encode(const struct clip_ctx * ctx, const int n_threads, const struct clip_image_f32_batch * imgs,
+                             float * vec);
+
+bool clip_model_quantize(const char * fname_inp, const char * fname_out, const int itype);

 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
--- a/examples/llava/convert-image-encoder-to-gguf.py
+++ b/examples/llava/convert-image-encoder-to-gguf.py
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ def bytes_to_unicode():
    The reversible bpe codes work on unicode strings.
    This means you need a large # of unicode characters in your vocab if you want to avoid UNKs.
    When you're at something like a 10B token dataset you end up needing around 5K for decent coverage.
-    This is a significant percentage of your normal, say, 32K bpe vocab.
+    This is a signficant percentage of your normal, say, 32K bpe vocab.
    To avoid that, we want lookup tables between utf-8 bytes and unicode strings.
    And avoids mapping to whitespace/control characters the bpe code barfs on.
    """
--- a/examples/llava/llava-cli.cpp
+++ b/examples/llava/llava-cli.cpp
@@ -39,11 +39,73 @@ static bool eval_string(struct llama_context * ctx_llama, const char* str, int n
    return true;
 }

-static const char * sample(struct llama_sampling_context * ctx_sampling,
-                           struct llama_context * ctx_llama,
-                           int * n_past) {
-    const llama_token id = llama_sampling_sample(ctx_sampling, ctx_llama, NULL);
-    llama_sampling_accept(ctx_sampling, ctx_llama, id, true);
+// TODO: use common/sampling.h
+static llama_token sample_id(llama_context * ctx_llama, gpt_params & params) {
+    auto & sparams = params.sparams;
+
+    // out of user input, sample next token
+    const float   temp      = sparams.temp;
+    const int32_t top_k     = sparams.top_k <= 0 ? llama_n_vocab(llama_get_model(ctx_llama)) : sparams.top_k;
+    const float   top_p     = sparams.top_p;
+    const float   tfs_z     = sparams.tfs_z;
+    const float   typical_p = sparams.typical_p;
+    // const int32_t repeat_last_n   = sparams.repeat_last_n < 0 ? n_ctx : sparams.repeat_last_n;
+    // const float   repeat_penalty  = sparams.repeat_penalty;
+    // const float   alpha_presence  = sparams.presence_penalty;
+    // const float   alpha_frequency = sparams.frequency_penalty;
+    const int     mirostat     = sparams.mirostat;
+    const float   mirostat_tau = sparams.mirostat_tau;
+    const float   mirostat_eta = sparams.mirostat_eta;
+    // const bool    penalize_nl     = sparams.penalize_nl;
+
+    llama_token id = 0;
+    {
+        auto logits  = llama_get_logits(ctx_llama);
+        auto n_vocab = llama_n_vocab(llama_get_model(ctx_llama));
+
+        // Apply params.logit_bias map
+        for (auto it = sparams.logit_bias.begin(); it != sparams.logit_bias.end(); it++) {
+            logits[it->first] += it->second;
+        }
+
+        std::vector<llama_token_data> candidates;
+        candidates.reserve(n_vocab);
+        for (llama_token token_id = 0; token_id < n_vocab; token_id++) {
+            candidates.emplace_back(llama_token_data{token_id, logits[token_id], 0.0f});
+        }
+
+        llama_token_data_array candidates_p = { candidates.data(), candidates.size(), false };
+
+        if (temp <= 0) {
+              // Greedy sampling
+            id = llama_sample_token_greedy(ctx_llama, &candidates_p);
+        } else {
+            if (mirostat == 1) {
+                static float mirostat_mu = 2.0f * mirostat_tau;
+                const  int mirostat_m    = 100;
+                llama_sample_temp(ctx_llama, &candidates_p, temp);
+                id = llama_sample_token_mirostat(ctx_llama, &candidates_p, mirostat_tau, mirostat_eta, mirostat_m, &mirostat_mu);
+            } else if (mirostat == 2) {
+                static float mirostat_mu = 2.0f * mirostat_tau;
+                llama_sample_temp(ctx_llama, &candidates_p, temp);
+                id = llama_sample_token_mirostat_v2(ctx_llama, &candidates_p, mirostat_tau, mirostat_eta, &mirostat_mu);
+            } else {
+                  // Temperature sampling
+                llama_sample_top_k(ctx_llama, &candidates_p, top_k, 1);
+                llama_sample_tail_free(ctx_llama, &candidates_p, tfs_z, 1);
+                llama_sample_typical(ctx_llama, &candidates_p, typical_p, 1);
+                llama_sample_top_p(ctx_llama, &candidates_p, top_p, 1);
+                llama_sample_temp(ctx_llama, &candidates_p, temp);
+                id = llama_sample_token(ctx_llama, &candidates_p);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return id;
+}
+
+static const char * sample(struct llama_context * ctx_llama, gpt_params & params, int * n_past) {
+    int id = sample_id(ctx_llama, params);
    static std::string ret;
    if (id == llama_token_eos(llama_get_model(ctx_llama))) {
        ret = "</s>";
@@ -112,8 +174,8 @@ struct llava_context {
 };

 static void show_additional_info(int /*argc*/, char ** argv) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "\n example usage: %s -m <llava-v1.5-7b/ggml-model-q5_k.gguf> --mmproj <llava-v1.5-7b/mmproj-model-f16.gguf> --image <path/to/an/image.jpg> [--temp 0.1] [-p \"describe the image in detail.\"]\n", argv[0]);
-    fprintf(stderr, "  note: a lower temperature value like 0.1 is recommended for better quality.\n");
+    printf("\n example usage: %s -m <llava-v1.5-7b/ggml-model-q5_k.gguf> --mmproj <llava-v1.5-7b/mmproj-model-f16.gguf> --image <path/to/an/image.jpg> [--temp 0.1] [-p \"describe the image in detail.\"]\n", argv[0]);
+    printf("  note: a lower temperature value like 0.1 is recommended for better quality.\n");
 }

 static struct llava_image_embed * load_image(llava_context * ctx_llava, gpt_params * params) {
@@ -123,7 +185,7 @@ static struct llava_image_embed * load_image(llava_context * ctx_llava, gpt_para
    auto prompt = params->prompt;
    if (prompt_contains_image(prompt)) {
        if (!params->image.empty()) {
-            fprintf(stderr, "using base64 encoded image instead of command line image path\n");
+            printf("using base64 encoded image instead of command line image path\n");
        }
        embed = llava_image_embed_make_with_prompt_base64(ctx_llava->ctx_clip, params->n_threads, prompt);
        if (!embed) {
@@ -155,19 +217,16 @@ static void process_prompt(struct llava_context * ctx_llava, struct llava_image_

    // generate the response

-    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
-
-    struct llama_sampling_context * ctx_sampling = llama_sampling_init(params->sparams);
+    printf("\n");

    for (int i = 0; i < max_tgt_len; i++) {
-        const char * tmp = sample(ctx_sampling, ctx_llava->ctx_llama, &n_past);
+        const char * tmp = sample(ctx_llava->ctx_llama, *params, &n_past);
        if (strcmp(tmp, "</s>") == 0) break;

        printf("%s", tmp);
        fflush(stdout);
    }

-    llama_sampling_free(ctx_sampling);
    printf("\n");
 }

@@ -243,9 +302,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    }

    auto image_embed = load_image(ctx_llava, &params);
-    if (!image_embed) {
-        return 1;
-    }

    // process the prompt
    process_prompt(ctx_llava, image_embed, &params, params.prompt);
--- a/examples/llava/llava.cpp
+++ b/examples/llava/llava.cpp
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #include "base64.hpp"

 static bool encode_image_with_clip(clip_ctx * ctx_clip, int n_threads, const clip_image_u8 * img, float * image_embd, int * n_img_pos) {
-    clip_image_f32 * img_res = clip_image_f32_init();
+    clip_image_f32 * img_res = make_clip_image_f32();
    if (!clip_image_preprocess(ctx_clip, img, img_res, /*pad2square =*/ true)) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s: unable to preprocess image\n", __func__);
        clip_image_f32_free(img_res);
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ bool llava_eval_image_embed(llama_context * ctx_llama, const struct llava_image_
 }

 LLAVA_API struct llava_image_embed * llava_image_embed_make_with_bytes(struct clip_ctx * ctx_clip, int n_threads, const unsigned char * image_bytes, int image_bytes_length) {
-    clip_image_u8 * img = clip_image_u8_init();
+    clip_image_u8 * img = make_clip_image_u8();
    if (!clip_image_load_from_bytes(image_bytes, image_bytes_length, img)) {
        clip_image_u8_free(img);
        fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't load image from bytes, is it a valid image?", __func__);
--- a/examples/lookahead/README.md
+++ b/examples/lookahead/README.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # llama.cpp/examples/lookahead

-Demonstration of lookahead decoding technique:
+Demonstartion of lookahead decoding technique:

 https://lmsys.org/blog/2023-11-21-lookahead-decoding/

--- a/examples/lookup/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/examples/lookup/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-set(TARGET lookup)
-add_executable(${TARGET} lookup.cpp)
-install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
-target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
-target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_11)
--- a/examples/lookup/README.md
+++ b/examples/lookup/README.md
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-# llama.cpp/examples/lookup
-
-Demonstration of Prompt Lookup Decoding
-
-https://github.com/apoorvumang/prompt-lookup-decoding
-
-The key parameters for lookup decoding are `ngram_min`, `ngram_max` and `n_draft`. The first two determine the size of the ngrams to search for in the prompt for a match. The latter specifies how many subsequent tokens to draft if a match is found.
-
-More info:
-
-https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/pull/4484
-https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/issues/4226
-
--- a/examples/lookup/lookup.cpp
+++ b/examples/lookup/lookup.cpp
@@ -1,230 +0,0 @@
-#include "common.h"
-#include "llama.h"
-
-#include <cmath>
-#include <cstdio>
-#include <string>
-#include <vector>
-
-int main(int argc, char ** argv){
-    gpt_params params;
-
-    if (!gpt_params_parse(argc, argv, params)) {
-        return 1;
-    }
-
-    // max/min n-grams size to search for in prompt
-    const int ngram_max = 4;
-    const int ngram_min = 1;
-
-    // length of the candidate / draft sequence, if match is found
-    const int n_draft = params.n_draft;
-
-    const bool dump_kv_cache = params.dump_kv_cache;
-
-#ifndef LOG_DISABLE_LOGS
-    log_set_target(log_filename_generator("lookup", "log"));
-    LOG_TEE("Log start\n");
-    log_dump_cmdline(argc, argv);
-#endif // LOG_DISABLE_LOGS
-
-    // init llama.cpp
-    llama_backend_init(params.numa);
-
-    llama_model * model = NULL;
-    llama_context * ctx = NULL;
-
-    // load the model
-    std::tie(model, ctx) = llama_init_from_gpt_params(params);
-
-    // tokenize the prompt
-    const bool add_bos = llama_should_add_bos_token(model);
-    LOG("add_bos tgt: %d\n", add_bos);
-
-    std::vector<llama_token> inp;
-    inp = ::llama_tokenize(ctx, params.prompt, add_bos, true);
-
-    const int max_context_size     = llama_n_ctx(ctx);
-    const int max_tokens_list_size = max_context_size - 4;
-
-    if ((int) inp.size() > max_tokens_list_size) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: prompt too long (%d tokens, max %d)\n", __func__, (int) inp.size(), max_tokens_list_size);
-        return 1;
-    }
-
-    fprintf(stderr, "\n\n");
-
-    for (auto id : inp) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "%s", llama_token_to_piece(ctx, id).c_str());
-    }
-
-    fflush(stderr);
-
-    const int n_input = inp.size();
-
-    const auto t_enc_start = ggml_time_us();
-
-    llama_decode(ctx, llama_batch_get_one( inp.data(), n_input - 1, 0,           0));
-    llama_decode(ctx, llama_batch_get_one(&inp.back(),           1, n_input - 1, 0));
-
-    const auto t_enc_end = ggml_time_us();
-
-    int n_predict = 0;
-    int n_drafted = 0;
-    int n_accept  = 0;
-
-    int n_past = inp.size();
-
-    bool has_eos = false;
-
-    struct llama_sampling_context * ctx_sampling = llama_sampling_init(params.sparams);
-
-    std::vector<llama_token> draft;
-
-    llama_batch batch_tgt = llama_batch_init(params.n_ctx, 0, 1);
-
-    // debug
-    struct llama_kv_cache_view kvc_view = llama_kv_cache_view_init(ctx, 1);
-
-    const auto t_dec_start = ggml_time_us();
-
-    while (true) {
-        // debug
-        if (dump_kv_cache) {
-            llama_kv_cache_view_update(ctx, &kvc_view);
-            dump_kv_cache_view_seqs(kvc_view, 40);
-        }
-
-        // print current draft sequence
-        LOG("drafted %s\n", LOG_TOKENS_TOSTR_PRETTY(ctx, draft).c_str());
-
-        int i_dft = 0;
-        while (true) {
-            // sample from the target model
-            llama_token id = llama_sampling_sample(ctx_sampling, ctx, NULL, i_dft);
-
-            llama_sampling_accept(ctx_sampling, ctx, id, true);
-
-            const std::string token_str = llama_token_to_piece(ctx, id);
-
-            if (!params.use_color) {
-                printf("%s", token_str.c_str());
-            }
-
-            if (id == llama_token_eos(model)) {
-                has_eos = true;
-            }
-
-            ++n_predict;
-
-            // check if the target token matches the draft
-            if (i_dft < (int) draft.size() && id == draft[i_dft]) {
-                LOG("the sampled target token matches the %dth drafted token (%d, '%s') - accepted\n", i_dft, id, token_str.c_str());
-                ++n_accept;
-                ++n_past;
-                ++i_dft;
-                inp.push_back(id);
-
-                if (params.use_color) {
-                    // color accepted draft token
-                    printf("\033[34m%s\033[0m", token_str.c_str());
-                    fflush(stdout);
-                }
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            if (params.use_color) {
-                printf("%s", token_str.c_str());
-            }
-            fflush(stdout);
-
-
-            LOG("the sampled target token (%d, '%s') did not match, or we ran out of drafted tokens\n", id, token_str.c_str());
-
-            draft.clear();
-            draft.push_back(id);
-            inp.push_back(id);
-            break;
-        }
-
-        if ((params.n_predict > 0 && n_predict > params.n_predict) || has_eos) {
-            break;
-        }
-
-        // KV cache management
-        // clean the cache of draft tokens that weren't accepted
-        llama_kv_cache_seq_rm(ctx, 0, n_past, -1);
-
-        llama_batch_clear(batch_tgt);
-        llama_batch_add(batch_tgt, draft[0], n_past, { 0 }, true);
-
-        // generate n_pred tokens through prompt lookup
-        auto prompt_lookup = [&]() -> void {
-            int inp_size = inp.size();
-            for (int ngram_size = ngram_max ; ngram_size > ngram_min; --ngram_size){
-                const llama_token * ngram = &inp[inp_size - ngram_size];
-
-                for (int i = 0; i <= (int) inp_size - (ngram_size * 2); ++i) {
-                    bool match = true;
-                    for (int j = 0; j < ngram_size; ++j) {
-                        if (inp[i + j] != ngram[j]) {
-                            match = false;
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    if (match) {
-                        const int startIdx = i + ngram_size;
-                        const int endIdx = startIdx + n_draft;
-                        if (endIdx < inp_size) {
-                            for (int j = startIdx; j < endIdx; ++j) {
-                                LOG(" - draft candidate %d: %d\n", j, inp[j]);
-                                draft.push_back(inp[j]);
-                                llama_batch_add(batch_tgt, inp[j], n_past + (j - startIdx) + 1, { 0 }, true);
-                                ++n_drafted;
-                            }
-                            return;
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            return;
-        };
-
-        prompt_lookup();
-
-        llama_decode(ctx, batch_tgt);
-        ++n_past;
-
-        draft.erase(draft.begin());
-    }
-
-    auto t_dec_end = ggml_time_us();
-
-    LOG_TEE("\n\n");
-
-    LOG_TEE("encoded %4d tokens in %8.3f seconds, speed: %8.3f t/s\n", n_input,   (t_enc_end - t_enc_start) / 1e6f, inp.size() / ((t_enc_end - t_enc_start) / 1e6f));
-    LOG_TEE("decoded %4d tokens in %8.3f seconds, speed: %8.3f t/s\n", n_predict, (t_dec_end - t_dec_start) / 1e6f, n_predict  / ((t_dec_end - t_dec_start) / 1e6f));
-
-    LOG_TEE("\n");
-    LOG_TEE("n_draft   = %d\n", n_draft);
-    LOG_TEE("n_predict = %d\n", n_predict);
-    LOG_TEE("n_drafted = %d\n", n_drafted);
-    LOG_TEE("n_accept  = %d\n", n_accept);
-    LOG_TEE("accept    = %.3f%%\n", 100.0f * n_accept / n_drafted);
-
-    LOG_TEE("\ntarget:\n");
-    llama_print_timings(ctx);
-
-    llama_sampling_free(ctx_sampling);
-    llama_batch_free(batch_tgt);
-
-    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
-
-    llama_backend_free();
-
-    fprintf(stderr, "\n\n");
-
-    return 0;
-}
--- a/examples/main-cmake-pkg/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/examples/main-cmake-pkg/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -7,13 +7,28 @@ find_package(Llama 0.0.1 REQUIRED)
 # Bake common functionality in with target. Because applications
 # using the relocatable Llama package should be outside of the
 # source tree, main-cmake-pkg pretends the dependencies are built-in.
+
 set(_common_path "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/../../common")
-add_library(common OBJECT)
-file(GLOB _common_files
-    "${_common_path}/*.h"
-    "${_common_path}/*.cpp"
-)
-target_sources(common PRIVATE ${_common_files})
+add_library(common OBJECT
+    ${_common_path}/common.h
+    ${_common_path}/common.cpp
+    ${_common_path}/console.h
+    ${_common_path}/console.cpp
+    ${_common_path}/grammar-parser.h
+    ${_common_path}/grammar-parser.cpp
+    ${_common_path}/sampling.h
+    ${_common_path}/sampling.cpp
+    )
+
+# WARNING: because build-info.h is auto-generated, it will only
+# be available after the user has built the llama.cpp sources.
+#
+configure_file(${_common_path}/../build-info.h
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/build-info.h
+    COPYONLY)
+
+target_include_directories(common PUBLIC ${LLAMA_INCLUDE_DIR}
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})

 # If the common project was part of "main-cmake-pkg" the transient
 # defines would automatically be attached. Because the common func-
--- a/examples/main/main.cpp
+++ b/examples/main/main.cpp
@@ -437,23 +437,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        }
    }
    LOG_TEE("sampling: \n%s\n", llama_sampling_print(sparams).c_str());
-    LOG_TEE("sampling order: \n%s\n", llama_sampling_order_print(sparams).c_str());
    LOG_TEE("generate: n_ctx = %d, n_batch = %d, n_predict = %d, n_keep = %d\n", n_ctx, params.n_batch, params.n_predict, params.n_keep);
-
-    // group-attention state
-    // number of grouped KV tokens so far (used only if params.grp_attn_n > 1)
-    int ga_i = 0;
-
-    const int ga_n = params.grp_attn_n;
-    const int ga_w = params.grp_attn_w;
-
-    if (ga_n != 1) {
-        GGML_ASSERT(ga_n > 0                    && "grp_attn_n must be positive");                     // NOLINT
-        GGML_ASSERT(ga_w % ga_n == 0            && "grp_attn_w must be a multiple of grp_attn_n");     // NOLINT
-      //GGML_ASSERT(n_ctx_train % ga_w == 0     && "n_ctx_train must be a multiple of grp_attn_w");    // NOLINT
-      //GGML_ASSERT(n_ctx >= n_ctx_train * ga_n && "n_ctx must be at least n_ctx_train * grp_attn_n"); // NOLINT
-        LOG_TEE("self-extend: n_ctx_train = %d, grp_attn_n = %d, grp_attn_w = %d\n", n_ctx_train, ga_n, ga_w);
-    }
    LOG_TEE("\n\n");

    if (params.interactive) {
@@ -500,7 +484,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    while ((n_remain != 0 && !is_antiprompt) || params.interactive) {
        // predict
        if (!embd.empty()) {
-            // Note: (n_ctx - 4) here is to match the logic for commandline prompt handling via
+            // Note: n_ctx - 4 here is to match the logic for commandline prompt handling via
            // --prompt or --file which uses the same value.
            int max_embd_size = n_ctx - 4;

@@ -515,61 +499,37 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
                fflush(stdout);
            }

-            if (ga_n == 1) {
-                // infinite text generation via context shifting
-                // if we run out of context:
-                // - take the n_keep first tokens from the original prompt (via n_past)
-                // - take half of the last (n_ctx - n_keep) tokens and recompute the logits in batches
-                if (n_past + (int) embd.size() + std::max<int>(0, guidance_offset) > n_ctx) {
-                    if (params.n_predict == -2) {
-                        LOG_TEE("\n\n%s: context full and n_predict == -%d => stopping\n", __func__, params.n_predict);
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    const int n_left    = n_past - params.n_keep - 1;
-                    const int n_discard = n_left/2;
-
-                    LOG("context full, swapping: n_past = %d, n_left = %d, n_ctx = %d, n_keep = %d, n_discard = %d\n",
-                            n_past, n_left, n_ctx, params.n_keep, n_discard);
-
-                    llama_kv_cache_seq_rm   (ctx, 0, params.n_keep + 1            , params.n_keep + n_discard + 1);
-                    llama_kv_cache_seq_shift(ctx, 0, params.n_keep + 1 + n_discard, n_past, -n_discard);
-
-                    n_past -= n_discard;
-
-                    if (ctx_guidance) {
-                        n_past_guidance -= n_discard;
-                    }
-
-                    LOG("after swap: n_past = %d, n_past_guidance = %d\n", n_past, n_past_guidance);
-
-                    LOG("embd: %s\n", LOG_TOKENS_TOSTR_PRETTY(ctx, embd).c_str());
-
-                    LOG("clear session path\n");
-                    path_session.clear();
+            // infinite text generation via context swapping
+            // if we run out of context:
+            // - take the n_keep first tokens from the original prompt (via n_past)
+            // - take half of the last (n_ctx - n_keep) tokens and recompute the logits in batches
+            if (n_past + (int) embd.size() + std::max<int>(0, guidance_offset) > n_ctx) {
+                if (params.n_predict == -2) {
+                    LOG_TEE("\n\n%s: context full and n_predict == -%d => stopping\n", __func__, params.n_predict);
+                    break;
                }
-            } else {
-                // context extension via Self-Extend
-                while (n_past >= ga_i + ga_w) {
-                    const int ib = (ga_n*ga_i)/ga_w;
-                    const int bd = (ga_w/ga_n)*(ga_n - 1);
-                    const int dd = (ga_w/ga_n) - ib*bd - ga_w;

-                    LOG("\n");
-                    LOG("shift: [%6d, %6d] + %6d -> [%6d, %6d]\n", ga_i, n_past, ib*bd, ga_i + ib*bd, n_past + ib*bd);
-                    LOG("div:   [%6d, %6d] / %6d -> [%6d, %6d]\n", ga_i + ib*bd, ga_i + ib*bd + ga_w, ga_n, (ga_i + ib*bd)/ga_n, (ga_i + ib*bd + ga_w)/ga_n);
-                    LOG("shift: [%6d, %6d] + %6d -> [%6d, %6d]\n", ga_i + ib*bd + ga_w, n_past + ib*bd, dd, ga_i + ib*bd + ga_w + dd, n_past + ib*bd + dd);
+                const int n_left    = n_past - params.n_keep - 1;
+                const int n_discard = n_left/2;

-                    llama_kv_cache_seq_shift(ctx, 0, ga_i,                n_past,              ib*bd);
-                    llama_kv_cache_seq_div  (ctx, 0, ga_i + ib*bd,        ga_i + ib*bd + ga_w, ga_n);
-                    llama_kv_cache_seq_shift(ctx, 0, ga_i + ib*bd + ga_w, n_past + ib*bd,      dd);
+                LOG("context full, swapping: n_past = %d, n_left = %d, n_ctx = %d, n_keep = %d, n_discard = %d\n",
+                    n_past, n_left, n_ctx, params.n_keep, n_discard);

-                    n_past -= bd;
+                llama_kv_cache_seq_rm   (ctx, 0, params.n_keep + 1            , params.n_keep + n_discard + 1);
+                llama_kv_cache_seq_shift(ctx, 0, params.n_keep + 1 + n_discard, n_past, -n_discard);

-                    ga_i += ga_w/ga_n;
+                n_past -= n_discard;

-                    LOG("\nn_past_old = %d, n_past = %d, ga_i = %d\n\n", n_past + bd, n_past, ga_i);
+                if (ctx_guidance) {
+                    n_past_guidance -= n_discard;
                }
+
+                LOG("after swap: n_past = %d, n_past_guidance = %d\n", n_past, n_past_guidance);
+
+                LOG("embd: %s\n", LOG_TOKENS_TOSTR_PRETTY(ctx, embd).c_str());
+
+                LOG("clear session path\n");
+                path_session.clear();
            }

            // try to reuse a matching prefix from the loaded session instead of re-eval (via n_past)
@@ -650,10 +610,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
                n_past += n_eval;

                LOG("n_past = %d\n", n_past);
-                // Display total tokens alongside total time
-                if (params.n_print > 0 && n_past % params.n_print == 0) {
-                    LOG_TEE("\n\033[31mTokens consumed so far = %d / %d \033[0m\n", n_past, n_ctx);
-                }
            }

            if (!embd.empty() && !path_session.empty()) {
--- a/examples/passkey/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/examples/passkey/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-set(TARGET passkey)
-add_executable(${TARGET} passkey.cpp)
-install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
-target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
-target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_11)
--- a/examples/passkey/README.md
+++ b/examples/passkey/README.md
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-# llama.cpp/example/passkey
-
-See the following PRs for more info:
-
- https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/pull/3856
- https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/pull/4810
-
-### Usage
-
-```bash
-make -j && ./passkey ./models/llama-7b-v2/ggml-model-f16.gguf 250
-```
--- a/examples/passkey/passkey.cpp
+++ b/examples/passkey/passkey.cpp
@@ -1,296 +0,0 @@
-#include "common.h"
-#include "llama.h"
-
-#include <cmath>
-#include <cstdio>
-#include <string>
-#include <vector>
-
-int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
-    gpt_params params;
-
-    if (argc == 1 || argv[1][0] == '-') {
-        printf("usage: %s MODEL_PATH N_JUNK N_GRP I_POS SEED\n" , argv[0]);
-        return 1 ;
-    }
-
-    int seed = -1;
-
-    int n_junk = 250; // number of times to repeat the junk text
-    int n_keep = 32;  // number of tokens in the prompt prefix
-    int n_grp  = 1;   // if more than 1 - perform LongLM SelfExtend
-    int i_pos  = -1;  // position of the passkey in the junk text
-
-    if (argc >= 2) {
-        params.model = argv[1];
-    }
-
-    if (argc >= 3) {
-        n_junk = std::stoi(argv[2]);
-    }
-
-    if (argc >= 4) {
-        n_grp = std::stoi(argv[3]);
-    }
-
-    if (argc >= 5) {
-        i_pos = std::stoi(argv[4]);
-    }
-
-    if (argc >= 6) {
-        seed = std::stoi(argv[5]);
-    }
-
-    if (seed == -1) {
-        seed = time(NULL);
-    }
-
-    srand(seed);
-
-    if (i_pos == -1) {
-        i_pos = rand() % n_junk;
-    }
-
-    const std::string prompt_prefix = "There is an important info hidden inside a lot of irrelevant text. Find it and memorize them. I will quiz you about the important information there.";
-    const std::string prompt_suffix = " What is the pass key? The pass key is";
-
-    // generate junk text
-    params.prompt = prompt_prefix;
-
-    const int passkey = rand() % 50000 + 1;
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < n_junk; i++) {
-        if (i % n_junk == i_pos) {
-            params.prompt += " The pass key is " + std::to_string(passkey) + ". Remember it. " + std::to_string(passkey) + " is the pass key.";
-        }
-
-        params.prompt += " The grass is green. The sky is blue. The sun is yellow. Here we go. There and back again.";
-    }
-
-    params.prompt += prompt_suffix;
-
-    // init LLM
-
-    llama_backend_init(params.numa);
-
-    // initialize the model
-
-    llama_model_params model_params = llama_model_default_params();
-
-    model_params.n_gpu_layers = 99; // offload all layers to the GPU
-
-    llama_model * model = llama_load_model_from_file(params.model.c_str(), model_params);
-
-    if (model == NULL) {
-        fprintf(stderr , "%s: error: unable to load model\n" , __func__);
-        return 1;
-    }
-
-    // initialize the context
-
-    llama_context_params ctx_params = llama_context_default_params();
-
-    ctx_params.seed    = seed;
-    ctx_params.n_ctx   = llama_n_ctx_train(model)*n_grp + n_keep;
-    ctx_params.n_batch = 512;
-    ctx_params.n_threads       = params.n_threads;
-    ctx_params.n_threads_batch = params.n_threads_batch == -1 ? params.n_threads : params.n_threads_batch;
-
-    GGML_ASSERT(ctx_params.n_batch % n_grp == 0 && "n_batch must be divisible by n_grp");
-
-    llama_context * ctx = llama_new_context_with_model(model, ctx_params);
-
-    if (ctx == NULL) {
-        fprintf(stderr , "%s: error: failed to create the llama_context\n" , __func__);
-        return 1;
-    }
-
-    // tokenize the prompt
-    std::vector<llama_token> tokens_list;
-    tokens_list = ::llama_tokenize(ctx, params.prompt, true);
-
-    // tokenize the prefix and use it as a sink
-    const int n_tokens_prefix = ::llama_tokenize(ctx, prompt_prefix, true).size();
-
-    const int n_tokens_all = tokens_list.size();
-
-    // we leave a margin of 16 tokens for the generated text - it should contain just the passkey
-    const int n_predict = 16;
-
-    // total length of the sequences including the prompt
-    const int n_len = n_tokens_all + n_predict;
-
-    const int n_ctx       = llama_n_ctx(ctx) - n_keep;
-    const int n_kv_req    = llama_n_ctx(ctx);
-    const int n_batch     = ctx_params.n_batch;
-    const int n_batch_grp = ctx_params.n_batch/n_grp;
-
-    LOG_TEE("\n%s: n_len = %d, n_ctx = %d, n_kv_req = %d, n_grp = %d, n_batch = %d\n", __func__, n_len, n_ctx, n_kv_req, n_grp, n_batch);
-
-    // print the prompt token-by-token
-
-    LOG_TEE("\n");
-    LOG_TEE("prefix tokens: %d\n", n_tokens_prefix);
-    LOG_TEE("prompt tokens: %d\n", n_tokens_all);
-    //LOG_TEE("prompt: %s\n", params.prompt.c_str());
-
-    llama_batch batch = llama_batch_init(512, 0, 1);
-
-    int n_past = 0;
-
-    // fill the KV cache
-    for (int i = 0; i < n_ctx; i += n_batch) {
-        if (i > 0 && n_grp > 1) {
-            // if SelfExtend is enabled, we compress the position from the last batch by a factor of n_grp
-            const int ib = i/n_batch - 1;
-            const int bd = n_batch_grp*(n_grp - 1);
-
-            llama_kv_cache_seq_shift(ctx, 0, n_past - n_batch,         n_past,         ib*bd);
-            llama_kv_cache_seq_div  (ctx, 0, n_past - n_batch + ib*bd, n_past + ib*bd, n_grp);
-
-            n_past -= bd;
-        }
-
-        llama_batch_clear(batch);
-
-        for (int j = 0; j < n_batch && i + j < n_tokens_all; j++) {
-            llama_batch_add(batch, tokens_list[i + j], n_past++, { 0 }, false);
-        }
-
-        if (i + n_batch >= n_tokens_all) {
-            batch.logits[batch.n_tokens - 1] = true;
-        }
-
-        if (llama_decode(ctx, batch) != 0) {
-            LOG_TEE("%s: llama_decode() failed\n", __func__);
-            return 1;
-        }
-
-        LOG_TEE("%s: processed: [%6d, %6d)\n", __func__, i, std::min(i + n_batch, n_tokens_all));
-
-        if (i + n_batch >= n_tokens_all) {
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
-    for (int i = n_ctx; i < n_tokens_all; i += n_batch) {
-        const int n_discard = n_batch;
-
-        LOG_TEE("%s: shifting KV cache with %d\n", __func__, n_discard);
-
-        llama_kv_cache_seq_rm   (ctx, 0, n_keep            , n_keep + n_discard);
-        llama_kv_cache_seq_shift(ctx, 0, n_keep + n_discard, n_ctx,  -n_discard);
-
-        n_past -= n_discard;
-
-        llama_batch_clear(batch);
-
-        for (int j = 0; j < n_batch && i + j < n_tokens_all; j++) {
-            llama_batch_add(batch, tokens_list[i + j], n_past++, { 0 }, false);
-        }
-
-        if (i + n_batch >= n_tokens_all) {
-            batch.logits[batch.n_tokens - 1] = true;
-        }
-
-        if (llama_decode(ctx, batch) != 0) {
-            LOG_TEE("%s: llama_decode() failed\n", __func__);
-            return 1;
-        }
-
-        LOG_TEE("%s: processed: [%6d, %6d)\n", __func__, i, std::min(i + n_batch, n_tokens_all));
-    }
-
-    {
-        const int n_discard = n_past - n_ctx + n_predict;
-
-        if (n_discard > 0) {
-            LOG_TEE("%s: shifting KV cache with %d to free space for the answer\n", __func__, n_discard);
-
-            llama_kv_cache_seq_rm   (ctx, 0, n_keep            , n_keep + n_discard);
-            llama_kv_cache_seq_shift(ctx, 0, n_keep + n_discard, n_ctx,  -n_discard);
-
-            n_past -= n_discard;
-        }
-    }
-
-    LOG_TEE("\n");
-    LOG_TEE("%s: passkey = %d, inserted at position %d / %d (token pos: ~%d)\n", __func__, passkey, i_pos, n_junk, (i_pos * n_tokens_all) / n_junk);
-    LOG_TEE("\n");
-
-    // main loop
-
-    int n_cur    = n_tokens_all;
-    int n_decode = 0;
-
-    LOG_TEE("%s", prompt_suffix.c_str());
-    fflush(stdout);
-
-    const auto t_main_start = ggml_time_us();
-
-    while (n_cur <= n_len) {
-        // sample the next token
-        {
-            auto   n_vocab = llama_n_vocab(model);
-            auto * logits  = llama_get_logits_ith(ctx, batch.n_tokens - 1);
-
-            std::vector<llama_token_data> candidates;
-            candidates.reserve(n_vocab);
-
-            for (llama_token token_id = 0; token_id < n_vocab; token_id++) {
-                candidates.emplace_back(llama_token_data{ token_id, logits[token_id], 0.0f });
-            }
-
-            llama_token_data_array candidates_p = { candidates.data(), candidates.size(), false };
-
-            // sample the most likely token
-            const llama_token new_token_id = llama_sample_token_greedy(ctx, &candidates_p);
-
-            // is it an end of stream?
-            if (new_token_id == llama_token_eos(model) || n_cur == n_len) {
-                LOG_TEE("\n");
-
-                break;
-            }
-
-            LOG_TEE("%s", llama_token_to_piece(ctx, new_token_id).c_str());
-            fflush(stdout);
-
-            n_decode += 1;
-
-            // prepare the next batch
-            llama_batch_clear(batch);
-
-            // push this new token for next evaluation
-            llama_batch_add(batch, new_token_id, n_past++, { 0 }, true);
-        }
-
-        n_cur += 1;
-
-        // evaluate the current batch with the transformer model
-        if (llama_decode(ctx, batch)) {
-            fprintf(stderr, "%s : failed to eval, return code %d\n", __func__, 1);
-            return 1;
-        }
-    }
-
-    LOG_TEE("\n");
-
-    const auto t_main_end = ggml_time_us();
-
-    LOG_TEE("%s: decoded %d tokens in %.2f s, speed: %.2f t/s\n",
-            __func__, n_decode, (t_main_end - t_main_start) / 1000000.0f, n_decode / ((t_main_end - t_main_start) / 1000000.0f));
-
-    llama_print_timings(ctx);
-
-    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
-
-    llama_batch_free(batch);
-
-    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
-
-    llama_backend_free();
-
-    return 0;
-}
--- a/examples/quantize/quantize.cpp
+++ b/examples/quantize/quantize.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ static const std::vector<struct quant_option> QUANT_OPTIONS = {
    { "Q5_0",   LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q5_0,   " 4.33G, +0.0683 ppl @ LLaMA-v1-7B", },
    { "Q5_1",   LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q5_1,   " 4.70G, +0.0349 ppl @ LLaMA-v1-7B", },
    { "Q2_K",   LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q2_K,   " 2.63G, +0.6717 ppl @ LLaMA-v1-7B", },
-    { "Q2_K_S", LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q2_K_S, " 2.16G, +9.0634 ppl @ LLaMA-v1-7B", },
    { "Q3_K",   LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q3_K_M, "alias for Q3_K_M" },
    { "Q3_K_S", LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q3_K_S, " 2.75G, +0.5551 ppl @ LLaMA-v1-7B", },
    { "Q3_K_M", LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q3_K_M, " 3.07G, +0.2496 ppl @ LLaMA-v1-7B", },
--- a/examples/server/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/examples/server/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
 target_compile_definitions(${TARGET} PRIVATE
    SERVER_VERBOSE=$<BOOL:${LLAMA_SERVER_VERBOSE}>
 )
-target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE common llava ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
+target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE common llama llava ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
 if (WIN32)
    TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(${TARGET} PRIVATE ws2_32)
 endif()
--- a/examples/server/README.md
+++ b/examples/server/README.md
@@ -23,8 +23,6 @@ Command line options:
 -   `--host`: Set the hostname or ip address to listen. Default `127.0.0.1`.
 -   `--port`: Set the port to listen. Default: `8080`.
 -   `--path`: path from which to serve static files (default examples/server/public)
-   `--api-key`: Set an api key for request authorization. By default the server responds to every request. With an api key set, the requests must have the Authorization header set with the api key as Bearer token. May be used multiple times to enable multiple valid keys.
-   `--api-key-file`: path to file containing api keys delimited by new lines. If set, requests must include one of the keys for access. May be used in conjunction with `--api-key`'s.
 -   `--embedding`: Enable embedding extraction, Default: disabled.
 -   `-np N`, `--parallel N`: Set the number of slots for process requests (default: 1)
 -   `-cb`, `--cont-batching`: enable continuous batching (a.k.a dynamic batching) (default: disabled)
@@ -111,10 +109,6 @@ node index.js
 ```

 ## API Endpoints
- **GET** `/health`: Returns the current state of the server:
-    - `{"status": "loading model"}` if the model is still being loaded.
-    - `{"status": "error"}` if the model failed to load.
-    - `{"status": "ok"}` if the model is successfully loaded and the server is ready for further requests mentioned below.

 -   **POST** `/completion`: Given a `prompt`, it returns the predicted completion.

@@ -154,8 +148,6 @@ node index.js

    `frequency_penalty`: Repeat alpha frequency penalty (default: 0.0, 0.0 = disabled);

-    `penalty_prompt`: This will replace the `prompt` for the purpose of the penalty evaluation. Can be either `null`, a string or an array of numbers representing tokens (default: `null` = use the original `prompt`).
-
    `mirostat`: Enable Mirostat sampling, controlling perplexity during text generation (default: 0, 0 = disabled, 1 = Mirostat, 2 = Mirostat 2.0).

    `mirostat_tau`: Set the Mirostat target entropy, parameter tau (default: 5.0).
@@ -172,7 +164,37 @@ node index.js

    `n_probs`: If greater than 0, the response also contains the probabilities of top N tokens for each generated token (default: 0)

-    `image_data`: An array of objects to hold base64-encoded image `data` and its `id`s to be reference in `prompt`. You can determine the place of the image in the prompt as in the following: `USER:[img-12]Describe the image in detail.\nASSISTANT:`. In this case, `[img-12]` will be replaced by the embeddings of the image with id `12` in the following `image_data` array: `{..., "image_data": [{"data": "<BASE64_STRING>", "id": 12}]}`. Use `image_data` only with multimodal models, e.g., LLaVA.
+    `image_data`: An array of objects to hold base64-encoded image `data` and its `id`s to be reference in `prompt`. You can determine the place of the image in the prompt as in the following: `USER:[img-12]Describe the image in detail.\nASSISTANT:` In this case, `[img-12]` will be replaced by the embeddings of the image id 12 in the following `image_data` array: `{..., "image_data": [{"data": "<BASE64_STRING>", "id": 12}]}`. Use `image_data` only with multimodal models, e.g., LLaVA.
+
+    *Result JSON:*
+
+    Note: When using streaming mode (`stream`) only `content` and `stop` will be returned until end of completion.
+
+    `content`: Completion result as a string (excluding `stopping_word` if any). In case of streaming mode, will contain the next token as a string.
+
+    `stop`: Boolean for use with `stream` to check whether the generation has stopped (Note: This is not related to stopping words array `stop` from input options)
+
+    `generation_settings`: The provided options above excluding `prompt` but including `n_ctx`, `model`
+
+    `model`: The path to the model loaded with `-m`
+
+    `prompt`: The provided `prompt`
+
+    `stopped_eos`: Indicating whether the completion has stopped because it encountered the EOS token
+
+    `stopped_limit`: Indicating whether the completion stopped because `n_predict` tokens were generated before stop words or EOS was encountered
+
+    `stopped_word`: Indicating whether the completion stopped due to encountering a stopping word from `stop` JSON array provided
+
+    `stopping_word`: The stopping word encountered which stopped the generation (or "" if not stopped due to a stopping word)
+
+    `timings`: Hash of timing information about the completion such as the number of tokens `predicted_per_second`
+
+    `tokens_cached`: Number of tokens from the prompt which could be re-used from previous completion (`n_past`)
+
+    `tokens_evaluated`: Number of tokens evaluated in total from the prompt
+
+    `truncated`: Boolean indicating if the context size was exceeded during generation, i.e. the number of tokens provided in the prompt (`tokens_evaluated`) plus tokens generated (`tokens predicted`) exceeded the context size (`n_ctx`)

    `slot_id`: Assign the completion task to an specific slot. If is -1 the task will be assigned to a Idle slot (default: -1)

@@ -180,45 +202,6 @@ node index.js

    `system_prompt`: Change the system prompt (initial prompt of all slots), this is useful for chat applications. [See more](#change-system-prompt-on-runtime)

-### Result JSON:
-
-* Note: When using streaming mode (`stream`) only `content` and `stop` will be returned until end of completion.
-
-
- `completion_probabilities`: An array of token probabilities for each completion. The array's length is `n_predict`. Each item in the array has the following structure:
-
-```
-{
-  "content": "<the token selected by the model>",
-  "probs": [
-    {
-      "prob": float,
-      "tok_str": "<most likely token>"
-    },
-    {
-      "prob": float,
-      "tok_str": "<second most likely tonen>"
-    },
-    ...
-  ]
-},
-```
-Notice that each `probs` is an array of length `n_probs`.
-
- `content`: Completion result as a string (excluding `stopping_word` if any). In case of streaming mode, will contain the next token as a string.
- `stop`: Boolean for use with `stream` to check whether the generation has stopped (Note: This is not related to stopping words array `stop` from input options)
- `generation_settings`: The provided options above excluding `prompt` but including `n_ctx`, `model`
- `model`: The path to the model loaded with `-m`
- `prompt`: The provided `prompt`
- `stopped_eos`: Indicating whether the completion has stopped because it encountered the EOS token
- `stopped_limit`: Indicating whether the completion stopped because `n_predict` tokens were generated before stop words or EOS was encountered
- `stopped_word`: Indicating whether the completion stopped due to encountering a stopping word from `stop` JSON array provided
- `stopping_word`: The stopping word encountered which stopped the generation (or "" if not stopped due to a stopping word)
- `timings`: Hash of timing information about the completion such as the number of tokens `predicted_per_second`
- `tokens_cached`: Number of tokens from the prompt which could be re-used from previous completion (`n_past`)
- `tokens_evaluated`: Number of tokens evaluated in total from the prompt
- `truncated`: Boolean indicating if the context size was exceeded during generation, i.e. the number of tokens provided in the prompt (`tokens_evaluated`) plus tokens generated (`tokens predicted`) exceeded the context size (`n_ctx`)
-
 -   **POST** `/tokenize`: Tokenize a given text.

    *Options:*
@@ -239,9 +222,7 @@ Notice that each `probs` is an array of length `n_probs`.

    `content`: Set the text to process.

-    `image_data`: An array of objects to hold base64-encoded image `data` and its `id`s to be reference in `content`. You can determine the place of the image in the content as in the following: `Image: [img-21].\nCaption: This is a picture of a house`. In this case, `[img-21]` will be replaced by the embeddings of the image with id `21` in the following `image_data` array: `{..., "image_data": [{"data": "<BASE64_STRING>", "id": 21}]}`. Use `image_data` only with multimodal models, e.g., LLaVA.
-
-   **POST** `/infill`: For code infilling. Takes a prefix and a suffix and returns the predicted completion as stream.
+    **POST** `/infill`: For code infilling. Takes a prefix and a suffix and returns the predicted completion as stream.

    *Options:*

--- a/examples/server/completion.js.hpp
+++ b/examples/server/completion.js.hpp
@@ -74,376 +74,355 @@ unsigned char completion_js[] = {
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-  0x61, 0x6d, 0x73, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x69, 0x5f, 0x6b, 0x65, 0x79, 0x20,
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+  0x2f, 0x6d, 0x6f, 0x64, 0x65, 0x6c, 0x2e, 0x6a, 0x73, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x22,
+  0x29, 0x2e, 0x74, 0x68, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x28, 0x72, 0x20, 0x3d, 0x3e, 0x20,
+  0x72, 0x2e, 0x6a, 0x73, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x28, 0x29, 0x29, 0x3b, 0x0a, 0x20,
+  0x20, 0x7d, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x20, 0x72, 0x65, 0x74, 0x75, 0x72, 0x6e, 0x20,
+  0x67, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x72, 0x61, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x5f, 0x73,
+  0x65, 0x74, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x73, 0x3b, 0x0a, 0x7d, 0x0a
 };
-unsigned int completion_js_len = 5346;
+unsigned int completion_js_len = 5099;
--- a/examples/server/index.html.hpp
+++ b/examples/server/index.html.hpp
--- a/examples/server/index.js.hpp
+++ b/examples/server/index.js.hpp
--- a/examples/server/json.hpp
+++ b/examples/server/json.hpp
@@ -11227,7 +11227,7 @@ class binary_reader
                }
                if (is_ndarray) // ndarray dimensional vector can only contain integers, and can not embed another array
                {
-                    return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format, "ndarray dimensional vector is not allowed", "size"), nullptr));
+                    return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format, "ndarray dimentional vector is not allowed", "size"), nullptr));
                }
                std::vector<size_t> dim;
                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_ndarray_size(dim)))
--- a/examples/server/public/completion.js
+++ b/examples/server/public/completion.js
@@ -34,8 +34,7 @@ export async function* llama(prompt, params = {}, config = {}) {
    headers: {
      'Connection': 'keep-alive',
      'Content-Type': 'application/json',
-      'Accept': 'text/event-stream',
-      ...(params.api_key ? {'Authorization': `Bearer ${params.api_key}`} : {})
+      'Accept': 'text/event-stream'
    },
    signal: controller.signal,
  });
@@ -95,15 +94,6 @@ export async function* llama(prompt, params = {}, config = {}) {
              break;
            }
          }
-          if (result.error) {
-            result.error = JSON.parse(result.error);
-            if (result.error.content.includes('slot unavailable')) {
-              // Throw an error to be caught by upstream callers
-              throw new Error('slot unavailable');
-            } else {
-              console.error(`llama.cpp error: ${result.error.content}`);
-            }
-          }
          if (result.error) {
            result.error = JSON.parse(result.error);
            console.error(`llama.cpp error: ${result.error.content}`);
@@ -124,7 +114,7 @@ export async function* llama(prompt, params = {}, config = {}) {
  return content;
 }

-// Call llama, return an event target that you can subscribe to
+// Call llama, return an event target that you can subcribe to
 //
 // Example:
 //
--- a/examples/server/public/index.html
+++ b/examples/server/public/index.html
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@
      repeat_last_n: 256, // 0 = disable penalty, -1 = context size
      repeat_penalty: 1.18, // 1.0 = disabled
      top_k: 40, // <= 0 to use vocab size
-      top_p: 0.95, // 1.0 = disabled
+      top_p: 0.5, // 1.0 = disabled
      min_p: 0.05, // 0 = disabled
      tfs_z: 1.0, // 1.0 = disabled
      typical_p: 1.0, // 1.0 = disabled
@@ -235,11 +235,10 @@
      grammar: '',
      n_probs: 0, // no completion_probabilities,
      image_data: [],
-      cache_prompt: true,
-      api_key: ''
+      cache_prompt: true
    })

-    /* START: Support for storing prompt templates and parameters in browsers LocalStorage */
+    /* START: Support for storing prompt templates and parameters in borwser LocalStorage */

    const local_storage_storageKey = "llamacpp_server_local_storage";

@@ -283,7 +282,7 @@
    let importedTemplates = local_storage_getDataAsObject('user_templates')

    if (importedTemplates) {
-      // saved templates were successfully imported.
+      // saved templates were successfuly imported.

      console.log('Processing saved templates and updating default template')
      params.value = { ...params.value, image_data: [] };
@@ -304,7 +303,7 @@
    }

    function userTemplateResetToDefault() {
-      console.log('Resetting template to default')
+      console.log('Reseting themplate to default')
      selectedUserTemplate.value.name = 'default';
      selectedUserTemplate.value.data = savedUserTemplates.value['default'];
    }
@@ -427,7 +426,7 @@
        }

        if (data.timings) {
-          llamaStats.value = data;
+          llamaStats.value = data.timings;
        }
      }

@@ -763,7 +762,7 @@

          <fieldset class="two">
            ${IntField({ label: "Predictions", max: 2048, min: -1, name: "n_predict", value: params.value.n_predict })}
-            ${FloatField({ label: "Temperature", max: 2.0, min: 0.0, name: "temperature", step: 0.01, value: params.value.temperature })}
+            ${FloatField({ label: "Temperature", max: 1.5, min: 0.0, name: "temperature", step: 0.01, value: params.value.temperature })}
            ${FloatField({ label: "Penalize repeat sequence", max: 2.0, min: 0.0, name: "repeat_penalty", step: 0.01, value: params.value.repeat_penalty })}
            ${IntField({ label: "Consider N tokens for penalize", max: 2048, min: 0, name: "repeat_last_n", value: params.value.repeat_last_n })}
            ${IntField({ label: "Top-K sampling", max: 100, min: -1, name: "top_k", value: params.value.top_k })}
@@ -791,10 +790,6 @@
            <fieldset>
              ${IntField({ label: "Show Probabilities", max: 10, min: 0, name: "n_probs", value: params.value.n_probs })}
            </fieldset>
-            <fieldset>
-              <label for="api_key">API Key</label>
-              <input type="text" name="api_key" value="${params.value.api_key}" placeholder="Enter API key" oninput=${updateParams} />
-            </fieldset>
          </details>
        </form>
      `
@@ -880,7 +875,7 @@
      }
      return html`
        <span>
-          ${llamaStats.value.tokens_predicted} predicted, ${llamaStats.value.tokens_cached} cached, ${llamaStats.value.timings.predicted_per_token_ms.toFixed()}ms per token, ${llamaStats.value.timings.predicted_per_second.toFixed(2)} tokens per second
+          ${llamaStats.value.predicted_per_token_ms.toFixed()}ms per token, ${llamaStats.value.predicted_per_second.toFixed(2)} tokens per second
        </span>
      `
    }
--- a/examples/server/server.cpp
+++ b/examples/server/server.cpp
--- a/examples/simple/simple.cpp
+++ b/examples/simple/simple.cpp
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    // make sure the KV cache is big enough to hold all the prompt and generated tokens
    if (n_kv_req > n_ctx) {
        LOG_TEE("%s: error: n_kv_req > n_ctx, the required KV cache size is not big enough\n", __func__);
-        LOG_TEE("%s:        either reduce n_len or increase n_ctx\n", __func__);
+        LOG_TEE("%s:        either reduce n_parallel or increase n_ctx\n", __func__);
        return 1;
    }

--- a/examples/speculative/README.md
+++ b/examples/speculative/README.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # llama.cpp/examples/speculative

-Demonstration of speculative decoding and tree-based speculative decoding techniques
+Demonstartion of speculative decoding and tree-based speculative decoding techniques

 More info:

--- a/examples/speculative/speculative.cpp
+++ b/examples/speculative/speculative.cpp
@@ -203,9 +203,8 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

            const std::string token_str = llama_token_to_piece(ctx_tgt, id);

-            if (!params.use_color) {
-                printf("%s", token_str.c_str());
-            }
+            printf("%s", token_str.c_str());
+            fflush(stdout);

            if (id == llama_token_eos(model_tgt)) {
                has_eos = true;
@@ -237,18 +236,10 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
                    ++n_past_tgt;
                    ++n_past_dft;
                    ++i_dft;
-                    if (params.use_color) {
-                        // Color token according to its origin sequence
-                        printf("\u001b[%dm%s\u001b[37m", (36 - s_keep % 6), token_str.c_str());
-                        fflush(stdout);
-                    }
+
                    continue;
                }
            }
-            if (params.use_color) {
-                printf("%s", token_str.c_str());
-            }
-            fflush(stdout);

            LOG("the sampled target token (%d, '%s') did not match, or we ran out of drafted tokens\n", id, token_str.c_str());

@@ -428,7 +419,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
            ++n_past_tgt;
        }

-        // the first token is always proposed by the target model before the speculation loop so we erase it here
+        // the first token is always proposed by the traget model before the speculation loop so we erase it here
        for (int s = 0; s < n_seq_dft; ++s) {
            if (!drafts[s].active) {
                continue;
--- a/examples/train-text-from-scratch/train-text-from-scratch.cpp
+++ b/examples/train-text-from-scratch/train-text-from-scratch.cpp
@@ -369,7 +369,10 @@ static struct ggml_tensor * llama_build_train_graphs(
    checkpoints.push_back(t00);
    checkpoints.push_back(t01);

-    const float kv_scale = 1.0f/sqrtf(float(n_embd)/n_head);
+    struct ggml_tensor * kv_scale = NULL;
+    if (!enable_flash_attn) {
+        kv_scale = ggml_new_f32(ctx, 1.0f/sqrtf(float(n_embd)/n_head));
+    }

    for (int il = 0; il < n_layer; ++il) {
        struct my_llama_layer & layer = model->layers[il];
@@ -441,13 +444,14 @@ static struct ggml_tensor * llama_build_train_graphs(
        // make sure some tensors are not reallocated by inserting new temporary nodes depending on them
        int n_leafs_before = gb->n_leafs;
        int n_nodes_before = gb->n_nodes;
+        struct ggml_tensor * one = ggml_new_f32(ctx, 1.0f);
        // output tensors
-        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, t35, 1.0f));
-        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, t36, 1.0f));
+        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, t35, one));
+        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, t36, one));
        // input gradient
-        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, t36->grad, 1.0f));
+        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, t36->grad, one));
        // KQ_pos
-        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, KQ_pos, 1.0f));
+        ggml_build_forward_expand(gb, ggml_scale_inplace(ctx, KQ_pos, one));
        GGML_ASSERT(t36->grad->data == NULL && t36->grad->view_src == NULL);

        ggml_allocr_alloc(alloc, t36->grad);
@@ -1291,6 +1295,10 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        opt_cb_data.last_save_iter = opt->iter;
    }

+    if (alloc) {
+        ggml_allocr_free(alloc);
+    }
+
    ggml_free(opt->ctx);
    free_train_state(train);
    ggml_free(model.ctx);
--- a/flake.lock
+++ b/flake.lock
@@ -1,30 +1,30 @@
 {
  "nodes": {
-    "flake-parts": {
+    "flake-utils": {
      "inputs": {
-        "nixpkgs-lib": "nixpkgs-lib"
+        "systems": "systems"
      },
      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1701473968,
-        "narHash": "sha256-YcVE5emp1qQ8ieHUnxt1wCZCC3ZfAS+SRRWZ2TMda7E=",
-        "owner": "hercules-ci",
-        "repo": "flake-parts",
-        "rev": "34fed993f1674c8d06d58b37ce1e0fe5eebcb9f5",
+        "lastModified": 1694529238,
+        "narHash": "sha256-zsNZZGTGnMOf9YpHKJqMSsa0dXbfmxeoJ7xHlrt+xmY=",
+        "owner": "numtide",
+        "repo": "flake-utils",
+        "rev": "ff7b65b44d01cf9ba6a71320833626af21126384",
        "type": "github"
      },
      "original": {
-        "owner": "hercules-ci",
-        "repo": "flake-parts",
+        "owner": "numtide",
+        "repo": "flake-utils",
        "type": "github"
      }
    },
    "nixpkgs": {
      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1703637592,
-        "narHash": "sha256-8MXjxU0RfFfzl57Zy3OfXCITS0qWDNLzlBAdwxGZwfY=",
+        "lastModified": 1698318101,
+        "narHash": "sha256-gUihHt3yPD7bVqg+k/UVHgngyaJ3DMEBchbymBMvK1E=",
        "owner": "NixOS",
        "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "cfc3698c31b1fb9cdcf10f36c9643460264d0ca8",
+        "rev": "63678e9f3d3afecfeafa0acead6239cdb447574c",
        "type": "github"
      },
      "original": {
@@ -34,29 +34,26 @@
        "type": "github"
      }
    },
-    "nixpkgs-lib": {
-      "locked": {
-        "dir": "lib",
-        "lastModified": 1701253981,
-        "narHash": "sha256-ztaDIyZ7HrTAfEEUt9AtTDNoCYxUdSd6NrRHaYOIxtk=",
-        "owner": "NixOS",
-        "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "e92039b55bcd58469325ded85d4f58dd5a4eaf58",
-        "type": "github"
-      },
-      "original": {
-        "dir": "lib",
-        "owner": "NixOS",
-        "ref": "nixos-unstable",
-        "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "type": "github"
-      }
-    },
    "root": {
      "inputs": {
-        "flake-parts": "flake-parts",
+        "flake-utils": "flake-utils",
        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs"
      }
+    },
+    "systems": {
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1681028828,
+        "narHash": "sha256-Vy1rq5AaRuLzOxct8nz4T6wlgyUR7zLU309k9mBC768=",
+        "owner": "nix-systems",
+        "repo": "default",
+        "rev": "da67096a3b9bf56a91d16901293e51ba5b49a27e",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "nix-systems",
+        "repo": "default",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
    }
  },
  "root": "root",
--- a/flake.nix
+++ b/flake.nix
@@ -1,144 +1,139 @@
 {
-  description = "Port of Facebook's LLaMA model in C/C++";
-
  inputs = {
    nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixos-unstable";
-    flake-parts.url = "github:hercules-ci/flake-parts";
+    flake-utils.url = "github:numtide/flake-utils";
  };
-
-  # Optional binary cache
-  nixConfig = {
-    extra-substituters = [
-      # Populated by the CI in ggerganov/llama.cpp
-      "https://llama-cpp.cachix.org"
-
-      # A development cache for nixpkgs imported with `config.cudaSupport = true`.
-      # Populated by https://hercules-ci.com/github/SomeoneSerge/nixpkgs-cuda-ci.
-      # This lets one skip building e.g. the CUDA-enabled openmpi.
-      # TODO: Replace once nix-community obtains an official one.
-      "https://cuda-maintainers.cachix.org"
-    ];
-
-    # Verify these are the same keys as published on
-    # - https://app.cachix.org/cache/llama-cpp
-    # - https://app.cachix.org/cache/cuda-maintainers
-    extra-trusted-public-keys = [
-      "llama-cpp.cachix.org-1:H75X+w83wUKTIPSO1KWy9ADUrzThyGs8P5tmAbkWhQc="
-      "cuda-maintainers.cachix.org-1:0dq3bujKpuEPMCX6U4WylrUDZ9JyUG0VpVZa7CNfq5E="
-    ];
-  };
-
-
-  # For inspection, use `nix flake show github:ggerganov/llama.cpp` or the nix repl:
-  #
-  # ```bash
-  # ❯ nix repl
-  # nix-repl> :lf github:ggerganov/llama.cpp
-  # Added 13 variables.
-  # nix-repl> outputs.apps.x86_64-linux.quantize
-  # { program = "/nix/store/00000000000000000000000000000000-llama.cpp/bin/quantize"; type = "app"; }
-  # ```
-  outputs =
-    { self, flake-parts, ... }@inputs:
-    let
-      # We could include the git revisions in the package names but those would
-      # needlessly trigger rebuilds:
-      # llamaVersion = self.dirtyShortRev or self.shortRev;
-
-      # Nix already uses cryptographic hashes for versioning, so we'll just fix
-      # the fake semver for now:
-      llamaVersion = "0.0.0";
-    in
-    flake-parts.lib.mkFlake { inherit inputs; }
-
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, flake-utils }:
+    flake-utils.lib.eachDefaultSystem (system:
+      let
+        name = "llama.cpp";
+        src = ./.;
+        meta.mainProgram = "llama";
+        inherit (pkgs.stdenv) isAarch32 isAarch64 isDarwin;
+        buildInputs = with pkgs; [ openmpi ];
+        osSpecific = with pkgs; buildInputs ++ (
+          if isAarch64 && isDarwin then
+            with pkgs.darwin.apple_sdk_11_0.frameworks; [
+              Accelerate
+              MetalKit
+            ]
+          else if isAarch32 && isDarwin then
+            with pkgs.darwin.apple_sdk.frameworks; [
+              Accelerate
+              CoreGraphics
+              CoreVideo
+            ]
+          else if isDarwin then
+            with pkgs.darwin.apple_sdk.frameworks; [
+              Accelerate
+              CoreGraphics
+              CoreVideo
+            ]
+          else
+            with pkgs; [ openblas ]
+        );
+        pkgs = import nixpkgs { inherit system; };
+        nativeBuildInputs = with pkgs; [ cmake ninja pkg-config ];
+        cudatoolkit_joined = with pkgs; symlinkJoin {
+          # HACK(Green-Sky): nix currently has issues with cmake findcudatoolkit
+          # see https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/224291
+          # copied from jaxlib
+          name = "${cudaPackages.cudatoolkit.name}-merged";
+          paths = [
+            cudaPackages.cudatoolkit.lib
+            cudaPackages.cudatoolkit.out
+          ] ++ lib.optionals (lib.versionOlder cudaPackages.cudatoolkit.version "11") [
+            # for some reason some of the required libs are in the targets/x86_64-linux
+            # directory; not sure why but this works around it
+            "${cudaPackages.cudatoolkit}/targets/${system}"
+          ];
+        };
+        llama-python =
+          pkgs.python3.withPackages (ps: with ps; [ numpy sentencepiece ]);
+        # TODO(Green-Sky): find a better way to opt-into the heavy ml python runtime
+        llama-python-extra =
+          pkgs.python3.withPackages (ps: with ps; [ numpy sentencepiece torchWithoutCuda transformers ]);
+        postPatch = ''
+          substituteInPlace ./ggml-metal.m \
+            --replace '[bundle pathForResource:@"ggml-metal" ofType:@"metal"];' "@\"$out/bin/ggml-metal.metal\";"
+          substituteInPlace ./*.py --replace '/usr/bin/env python' '${llama-python}/bin/python'
+        '';
+        postInstall = ''
+          mv $out/bin/main $out/bin/llama
+          mv $out/bin/server $out/bin/llama-server
+          mkdir -p $out/include
+          cp ${src}/llama.h $out/include/
+        '';
+        cmakeFlags = [ "-DLLAMA_NATIVE=OFF" "-DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON" "-DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON" "-DCMAKE_SKIP_BUILD_RPATH=ON" ];
+      in
      {
-
-        imports = [
-          .devops/nix/nixpkgs-instances.nix
-          .devops/nix/apps.nix
-          .devops/nix/devshells.nix
-          .devops/nix/jetson-support.nix
-        ];
-
-        # An overlay can be used to have a more granular control over llama-cpp's
-        # dependencies and configuration, than that offered by the `.override`
-        # mechanism. Cf. https://nixos.org/manual/nixpkgs/stable/#chap-overlays.
-        #
-        # E.g. in a flake:
-        # ```
-        # { nixpkgs, llama-cpp, ... }:
-        # let pkgs = import nixpkgs {
-        #     overlays = [ (llama-cpp.overlays.default) ];
-        #     system = "aarch64-linux";
-        #     config.allowUnfree = true;
-        #     config.cudaSupport = true;
-        #     config.cudaCapabilities = [ "7.2" ];
-        #     config.cudaEnableForwardCompat = false;
-        # }; in {
-        #     packages.aarch64-linux.llamaJetsonXavier = pkgs.llamaPackages.llama-cpp;
-        # }
-        # ```
-        #
-        # Cf. https://nixos.org/manual/nix/unstable/command-ref/new-cli/nix3-flake.html?highlight=flake#flake-format
-        flake.overlays.default =
-          (final: prev: {
-            llamaPackages = final.callPackage .devops/nix/scope.nix { inherit llamaVersion; };
-            inherit (final.llamaPackages) llama-cpp;
-          });
-
-        systems = [
-          "aarch64-darwin"
-          "aarch64-linux"
-          "x86_64-darwin" # x86_64-darwin isn't tested (and likely isn't relevant)
-          "x86_64-linux"
-        ];
-
-        perSystem =
-          {
-            config,
-            lib,
-            system,
-            pkgs,
-            pkgsCuda,
-            pkgsRocm,
-            ...
-          }:
-          {
-            # Unlike `.#packages`, legacyPackages may contain values of
-            # arbitrary types (including nested attrsets) and may even throw
-            # exceptions. This attribute isn't recursed into by `nix flake
-            # show` either.
-            #
-            # You can add arbitrary scripts to `.devops/nix/scope.nix` and
-            # access them as `nix build .#llamaPackages.${scriptName}` using
-            # the same path you would with an overlay.
-            legacyPackages = {
-              llamaPackages = pkgs.callPackage .devops/nix/scope.nix { inherit llamaVersion; };
-              llamaPackagesCuda = pkgsCuda.callPackage .devops/nix/scope.nix { inherit llamaVersion; };
-              llamaPackagesRocm = pkgsRocm.callPackage .devops/nix/scope.nix { inherit llamaVersion; };
-            };
-
-            # We don't use the overlay here so as to avoid making too many instances of nixpkgs,
-            # cf. https://zimbatm.com/notes/1000-instances-of-nixpkgs
-            packages =
-              {
-                default = config.legacyPackages.llamaPackages.llama-cpp;
-              }
-              // lib.optionalAttrs pkgs.stdenv.isLinux {
-                opencl = config.packages.default.override { useOpenCL = true; };
-                cuda = config.legacyPackages.llamaPackagesCuda.llama-cpp;
-
-                mpi-cpu = config.packages.default.override { useMpi = true; };
-                mpi-cuda = config.packages.default.override { useMpi = true; };
-              }
-              // lib.optionalAttrs (system == "x86_64-linux") {
-                rocm = config.legacyPackages.llamaPackagesRocm.llama-cpp;
-              };
-
-            # Packages exposed in `.#checks` will be built by the CI and by
-            # `nix flake check`. Currently we expose all packages, but we could
-            # make more granular choices
-            checks = config.packages;
-          };
-      };
+        packages.default = pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
+          inherit name src meta postPatch nativeBuildInputs postInstall;
+          buildInputs = osSpecific;
+          cmakeFlags = cmakeFlags
+            ++ (if isAarch64 && isDarwin then [
+            "-DCMAKE_C_FLAGS=-D__ARM_FEATURE_DOTPROD=1"
+            "-DLLAMA_METAL=ON"
+          ] else [
+            "-DLLAMA_BLAS=ON"
+            "-DLLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR=OpenBLAS"
+          ]);
+        };
+        packages.opencl = pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
+          inherit name src meta postPatch nativeBuildInputs postInstall;
+          buildInputs = with pkgs; buildInputs ++ [ clblast ];
+          cmakeFlags = cmakeFlags ++ [
+            "-DLLAMA_CLBLAST=ON"
+          ];
+        };
+        packages.cuda = pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
+          inherit name src meta postPatch nativeBuildInputs postInstall;
+          buildInputs = with pkgs; buildInputs ++ [ cudatoolkit_joined ];
+          cmakeFlags = cmakeFlags ++ [
+            "-DLLAMA_CUBLAS=ON"
+          ];
+        };
+        packages.rocm = pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
+          inherit name src meta postPatch nativeBuildInputs postInstall;
+          buildInputs = with pkgs.rocmPackages; buildInputs ++ [ clr hipblas rocblas ];
+          cmakeFlags = cmakeFlags ++ [
+            "-DLLAMA_HIPBLAS=1"
+            "-DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=hipcc"
+            "-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=hipcc"
+            # Build all targets supported by rocBLAS. When updating search for TARGET_LIST_ROCM
+            # in github.com/ROCmSoftwarePlatform/rocBLAS/blob/develop/CMakeLists.txt
+            # and select the line that matches the current nixpkgs version of rocBLAS.
+            "-DAMDGPU_TARGETS=gfx803;gfx900;gfx906:xnack-;gfx908:xnack-;gfx90a:xnack+;gfx90a:xnack-;gfx940;gfx941;gfx942;gfx1010;gfx1012;gfx1030;gfx1100;gfx1101;gfx1102"
+          ];
+        };
+        apps.llama-server = {
+          type = "app";
+          program = "${self.packages.${system}.default}/bin/llama-server";
+        };
+        apps.llama-embedding = {
+          type = "app";
+          program = "${self.packages.${system}.default}/bin/embedding";
+        };
+        apps.llama = {
+          type = "app";
+          program = "${self.packages.${system}.default}/bin/llama";
+        };
+        apps.quantize = {
+          type = "app";
+          program = "${self.packages.${system}.default}/bin/quantize";
+        };
+        apps.train-text-from-scratch = {
+          type = "app";
+          program = "${self.packages.${system}.default}/bin/train-text-from-scratch";
+        };
+        apps.default = self.apps.${system}.llama;
+        devShells.default = pkgs.mkShell {
+          buildInputs = [ llama-python ];
+          packages = nativeBuildInputs ++ osSpecific;
+        };
+        devShells.extra = pkgs.mkShell {
+          buildInputs = [ llama-python-extra ];
+          packages = nativeBuildInputs ++ osSpecific;
+        };
+      });
 }
--- a/ggml-alloc.c
+++ b/ggml-alloc.c
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ static void remove_allocated_tensor(ggml_tallocr_t alloc, struct ggml_tensor * t

 // check if a tensor is allocated by this buffer
 static bool ggml_tallocr_is_own(ggml_tallocr_t alloc, const struct ggml_tensor * tensor) {
-    return tensor->buffer == alloc->buffer && (!tensor->view_src || tensor->view_src->buffer == alloc->buffer);
+    return tensor->buffer == alloc->buffer;
 }

 static bool ggml_is_view(struct ggml_tensor * t) {
@@ -168,6 +168,10 @@ static void ggml_tallocr_free_tensor(ggml_tallocr_t alloc, struct ggml_tensor *
    size = aligned_offset(NULL, size, alloc->alignment);
    AT_PRINTF("%s: freeing %s at %p (%zu bytes) - n_free_blocks = %d\n", __func__, tensor->name, ptr, size, alloc->n_free_blocks);

+    if (!alloc->measure) {
+        ggml_backend_buffer_free_tensor(alloc->buffer, tensor);
+    }
+
 #ifdef GGML_ALLOCATOR_DEBUG
    remove_allocated_tensor(alloc, tensor);
 #endif
@@ -233,7 +237,7 @@ void ggml_tallocr_reset(ggml_tallocr_t alloc) {
 }

 ggml_tallocr_t ggml_tallocr_new(void * data, size_t size, size_t alignment) {
-    struct ggml_backend_buffer * buffer = ggml_backend_cpu_buffer_from_ptr(data, size);
+    struct ggml_backend_buffer * buffer = ggml_backend_cpu_buffer_from_ptr(NULL, data, size);

    ggml_tallocr_t alloc = (ggml_tallocr_t)malloc(sizeof(struct ggml_tallocr));

@@ -445,15 +449,17 @@ static ggml_tallocr_t node_tallocr(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_tensor * n
 static void init_view(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_tensor * view, bool update_backend) {
    ggml_tallocr_t alloc = node_tallocr(galloc, view);

+    //printf("init_view: %s from src %s\n", view->name, view->view_src->name);
    GGML_ASSERT(view->view_src != NULL && view->view_src->data != NULL);
    if (update_backend) {
        view->backend = view->view_src->backend;
    }
-    // views are initialized in the alloc buffer rather than the view_src buffer
-    view->buffer  = alloc->buffer;
+    view->buffer  = view->view_src->buffer;
    view->data    = (char *)view->view_src->data + view->view_offs;

-    assert(ggml_tallocr_is_measure(alloc) || !view->buffer || view->buffer->buft == alloc->buffer->buft);
+    // FIXME: the view should be initialized by the owning buffer, but currently this breaks the CUDA backend
+    // due to the ggml_tensor_extra_gpu ring buffer overwriting the KV cache extras
+    assert(ggml_tallocr_is_measure(alloc) || !view->buffer || view->buffer->backend == alloc->buffer->backend);

    if (!alloc->measure) {
        ggml_backend_buffer_init_tensor(alloc->buffer, view);
@@ -735,10 +741,6 @@ void ggml_allocr_set_parse_seq(ggml_allocr_t alloc, const int * list, int n) {
 }

 void ggml_allocr_free(ggml_allocr_t alloc) {
-    if (alloc == NULL) {
-        return;
-    }
-
    ggml_gallocr_free(alloc->galloc);
    ggml_tallocr_free(alloc->talloc);
    free(alloc);
@@ -763,48 +765,3 @@ size_t ggml_allocr_max_size(ggml_allocr_t alloc) {
 size_t ggml_allocr_alloc_graph(ggml_allocr_t alloc, struct ggml_cgraph * graph) {
    return ggml_gallocr_alloc_graph(alloc->galloc, alloc->talloc, graph);
 }
-
-// utils
-ggml_backend_buffer_t ggml_backend_alloc_ctx_tensors_from_buft(struct ggml_context * ctx, ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft) {
-    GGML_ASSERT(ggml_get_no_alloc(ctx) == true);
-
-    size_t alignment = ggml_backend_buft_get_alignment(buft);
-
-    size_t nbytes = 0;
-    for (struct ggml_tensor * t = ggml_get_first_tensor(ctx); t != NULL; t = ggml_get_next_tensor(ctx, t)) {
-        if (t->data == NULL && t->view_src == NULL) {
-            nbytes += GGML_PAD(ggml_backend_buft_get_alloc_size(buft, t), alignment);
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (nbytes == 0) {
-        // all the tensors in the context are already allocated
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer = ggml_backend_buft_alloc_buffer(buft, nbytes);
-    ggml_tallocr_t tallocr = ggml_tallocr_new_from_buffer(buffer);
-
-    for (struct ggml_tensor * t = ggml_get_first_tensor(ctx); t != NULL; t = ggml_get_next_tensor(ctx, t)) {
-        if (t->data == NULL) {
-            if (t->view_src == NULL) {
-                ggml_tallocr_alloc(tallocr, t);
-            } else {
-                ggml_backend_view_init(buffer, t);
-            }
-        } else {
-            if (t->view_src != NULL) {
-                // view of a pre-allocated tensor
-                ggml_backend_view_init(buffer, t);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    ggml_tallocr_free(tallocr);
-
-    return buffer;
-}
-
-ggml_backend_buffer_t ggml_backend_alloc_ctx_tensors(struct ggml_context * ctx, ggml_backend_t backend) {
-    return ggml_backend_alloc_ctx_tensors_from_buft(ctx, ggml_backend_get_default_buffer_type(backend));
-}
--- a/ggml-alloc.h
+++ b/ggml-alloc.h
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ extern "C" {

 struct ggml_backend;
 struct ggml_backend_buffer;
-struct ggml_backend_buffer_type;

 //
 // Legacy API
@@ -43,7 +42,7 @@ GGML_API size_t ggml_allocr_alloc_graph(ggml_allocr_t alloc, struct ggml_cgraph
 // ggml-backend v2 API
 //

-// Separate tensor and graph allocator objects
+// Seperate tensor and graph allocator objects
 // This is necessary for multi-backend allocation because the graph allocator needs to use multiple tensor allocators
 // The original API is kept as a wrapper around the new API

@@ -81,12 +80,6 @@ GGML_API void   ggml_gallocr_alloc_graph_n(
                    struct ggml_hash_set hash_set,
                    ggml_tallocr_t * hash_node_talloc);

-
-// Utils
-// Create a buffer and allocate all the tensors in a ggml_context
-GGML_API struct ggml_backend_buffer * ggml_backend_alloc_ctx_tensors_from_buft(struct ggml_context * ctx, struct ggml_backend_buffer_type * buft);
-GGML_API struct ggml_backend_buffer * ggml_backend_alloc_ctx_tensors(struct ggml_context * ctx, struct ggml_backend * backend);
-
 #ifdef  __cplusplus
 }
 #endif
--- a/ggml-backend-impl.h
+++ b/ggml-backend-impl.h
@@ -12,54 +12,31 @@ extern "C" {
    // Backend buffer
    //

-    // buffer type
-    typedef void * ggml_backend_buffer_type_context_t;
-
-    struct ggml_backend_buffer_type_i {
-        ggml_backend_buffer_t (*alloc_buffer)    (ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft, size_t size);
-        size_t                (*get_alignment)   (ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft); // tensor alignment
-        size_t                (*get_alloc_size)  (ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft, struct ggml_tensor * tensor); // data size needed to allocate the tensor, including padding
-        bool                  (*supports_backend)(ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft, ggml_backend_t backend); // check if the buffer type is usable by the backend
-        // check if tensor data is in host memory
-        // should be equivalent to supports_backend(buft, ggml_backend_cpu_init())
-        bool                  (*is_host)         (ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft);
-    };
-
-    struct ggml_backend_buffer_type {
-        struct ggml_backend_buffer_type_i  iface;
-        ggml_backend_buffer_type_context_t context;
-    };
-
-    // buffer
    typedef void * ggml_backend_buffer_context_t;

    struct ggml_backend_buffer_i {
-        void   (*free_buffer)    (ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer);
-        //void     (*reset)      (ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer); // reset any internal state due to tensor initialization, such as tensor extras
-        void * (*get_base)       (ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer);
-        void   (*init_tensor)    (ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer, struct ggml_tensor * tensor);
-        void   (*set_tensor)     (ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer,       struct ggml_tensor * tensor, const void * data, size_t offset, size_t size);
-        void   (*get_tensor)     (ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer, const struct ggml_tensor * tensor,       void * data, size_t offset, size_t size);
-        // (optional) copy tensor between different buffer-type, allow for single-copy tranfers
-        void   (*cpy_tensor_from)(ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer, struct ggml_tensor * src, struct ggml_tensor * dst);
-        void   (*cpy_tensor_to)  (ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer, struct ggml_tensor * src, struct ggml_tensor * dst);
-        void   (*clear)          (ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer, uint8_t value);
+        void   (*free_buffer)   (ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer);
+        void * (*get_base)      (ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer); // get base pointer
+        size_t (*get_alloc_size)(ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer, struct ggml_tensor * tensor); // pre-allocation callback
+        void   (*init_tensor)   (ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer, struct ggml_tensor * tensor); // post-allocation callback
+        void   (*free_tensor)   (ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer, struct ggml_tensor * tensor); // pre-free callback
    };

    struct ggml_backend_buffer {
-        struct ggml_backend_buffer_i  iface;
-        ggml_backend_buffer_type_t    buft;
+        struct ggml_backend_buffer_i iface;
+
+        ggml_backend_t                backend;
        ggml_backend_buffer_context_t context;
+
        size_t size;
    };

-    ggml_backend_buffer_t ggml_backend_buffer_init(
-                   ggml_backend_buffer_type_t      buft,
+    GGML_API ggml_backend_buffer_t ggml_backend_buffer_init(
+            struct ggml_backend                  * backend,
            struct ggml_backend_buffer_i           iface,
                   ggml_backend_buffer_context_t   context,
                   size_t                          size);

-
    //
    // Backend
    //
@@ -72,17 +49,20 @@ extern "C" {
        void (*free)(ggml_backend_t backend);

        // buffer allocation
-        ggml_backend_buffer_type_t (*get_default_buffer_type)(ggml_backend_t backend);
+        ggml_backend_buffer_t (*alloc_buffer)(ggml_backend_t backend, size_t size);

-        // (optional) asynchroneous tensor data access
+        // get buffer alignment
+        size_t (*get_alignment)(ggml_backend_t backend);
+
+        // tensor data access
+        // these functions can be asynchronous, helper functions are provided for synchronous access that automatically call synchronize
        void (*set_tensor_async)(ggml_backend_t backend,       struct ggml_tensor * tensor, const void * data, size_t offset, size_t size);
        void (*get_tensor_async)(ggml_backend_t backend, const struct ggml_tensor * tensor,       void * data, size_t offset, size_t size);
+        void (*synchronize)     (ggml_backend_t backend);

-        // (optional) asynchroneous tensor copy
-        void (*cpy_tensor_from_async)(ggml_backend_t backend, struct ggml_tensor * src, struct ggml_tensor * dst);
-        void (*cpy_tensor_to_async)  (ggml_backend_t backend, struct ggml_tensor * src, struct ggml_tensor * dst);
-
-        void (*synchronize)(ggml_backend_t backend);
+        // (optional) copy tensor between different backends, allow for single-copy tranfers
+        void (*cpy_tensor_from)(ggml_backend_t backend, struct ggml_tensor * src, struct ggml_tensor * dst);
+        void (*cpy_tensor_to)  (ggml_backend_t backend, struct ggml_tensor * src, struct ggml_tensor * dst);

        // compute graph with a plan
        ggml_backend_graph_plan_t (*graph_plan_create) (ggml_backend_t backend, struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph);
@@ -90,7 +70,7 @@ extern "C" {
        void                      (*graph_plan_compute)(ggml_backend_t backend, ggml_backend_graph_plan_t plan);

        // compute graph without a plan
-        bool (*graph_compute)(ggml_backend_t backend, struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph);
+        void (*graph_compute)(ggml_backend_t backend, struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph);

        // check if the backend supports an operation
        bool (*supports_op)(ggml_backend_t backend, const struct ggml_tensor * op);
@@ -102,15 +82,6 @@ extern "C" {
        ggml_backend_context_t context;
    };

-
-    //
-    // Backend registry
-    //
-
-    typedef ggml_backend_t (*ggml_backend_init_fn)(const char * params, void * user_data);
-
-    void ggml_backend_register(const char * name, ggml_backend_init_fn init_fn, ggml_backend_buffer_type_t default_buffer_type, void * user_data);
-
 #ifdef  __cplusplus
 }
 #endif
--- a/ggml-backend.c
+++ b/ggml-backend.c
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Georgi Gerganov	af99c6fbfc	llama : remove memory_f16 and kv_f16 flags	2023-12-05 18:18:16 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	4adb1d69d9	cuda : add comment	2023-12-05 18:15:51 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	dd86df82e6	metal : use mm kernel only for quantum KV cache	2023-12-05 18:14:04 +02:00
slaren	903167a777	llama-bench : support type_k/type_v	2023-12-05 16:32:53 +01:00
Georgi Gerganov	b2acedeb1a	cuda : add F32 -> Q4_0 and F32 -> Q4_1 copy kernels	2023-12-05 16:47:34 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	e8457c90a0	cuda : wip	2023-12-05 16:29:52 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	6b58ae9892	metal : add F32 -> Q4_1 copy kernel	2023-12-05 16:09:16 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	9d69ecc0c9	metal : add F32 -> Q4_0 copy kernel	2023-12-05 16:01:50 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	7864a2cd9b	llama : fix build ggml-ci	2023-12-05 15:43:25 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	3ce30e07c9	llama : pass KV cache type through API	2023-12-05 15:40:23 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	b881f630ca	cuda : use mmv kernel for quantum cache ops	2023-12-04 15:41:20 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	a1bf6c09f8	cuda : add F32 -> Q8_0 copy kernel ggml-ci	2023-12-04 15:09:43 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	bcfebf241d	metal : add F32 -> Q8_0 copy kernel	2023-12-04 10:42:10 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	d04ee928a2	llama : support quantum K cache (wip)	2023-12-03 21:34:50 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	66aaac9867	llama : update session save/load	2023-12-03 21:10:16 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	e262947d43	common : add command-line arg to disable KV cache offloading	2023-12-03 20:31:01 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	c80b8a2bff	llama : remove mirrors, perform Device -> Host when partial offload	2023-12-03 19:46:06 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	c44bc1ee00	llama : keep the KV related layers on the device	2023-12-03 19:22:47 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	1fa91a4833	llama : enable offload debug temporarily	2023-12-03 18:36:02 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	3d3e6bd0e4	llama : offload for rest of the model arches	2023-12-03 17:52:23 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	f3dbfb9f60	llama : offload K shift tensors	2023-12-03 17:44:18 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	986b3da76a	llama : offload KV cache per-layer	2023-12-03 17:34:39 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	c294c78eb7	Merge branch 'master' into per-layer-kv	2023-12-03 16:35:53 +02:00
slaren	f4f9367faa	less code duplication, offload k and v separately	2023-10-06 15:44:06 +02:00
slaren	55f2f2fb43	remove unnecessary copies	2023-10-04 01:53:21 +02:00
slaren	e9bcf66a5c	per-layer KV	2023-10-03 19:20:50 +02:00