speculative : PoC for speeding-up inference via speculative sampling (#2926)

* speculative : initial example

* speculative : print encoding speed

* speculative : add --draft CLI arg

.clang-tidy

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+---
+Checks: >
+    bugprone-*,
+    -bugprone-easily-swappable-parameters,
+    -bugprone-implicit-widening-of-multiplication-result,
+    -bugprone-narrowing-conversions,
+    readability-*,
+    -readability-avoid-unconditional-preprocessor-if,
+    -readability-function-cognitive-complexity,
+    -readability-identifier-length,
+    -readability-implicit-bool-conversion,
+    -readability-magic-numbers,
+    -readability-uppercase-literal-suffix,
+    clang-analyzer-*,
+    -clang-analyzer-security.insecureAPI.DeprecatedOrUnsafeBufferHandling,
+    performance-*,
+    portability-*,
+FormatStyle: none

.devops/full-cuda.Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+ARG UBUNTU_VERSION=22.04
+
+# This needs to generally match the container host's environment.
+ARG CUDA_VERSION=11.7.1
+
+# Target the CUDA build image
+ARG BASE_CUDA_DEV_CONTAINER=nvidia/cuda:${CUDA_VERSION}-devel-ubuntu${UBUNTU_VERSION}
+
+FROM ${BASE_CUDA_DEV_CONTAINER} as build
+
+# Unless otherwise specified, we make a fat build.
+ARG CUDA_DOCKER_ARCH=all
+
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y build-essential python3 python3-pip
+
+COPY requirements.txt requirements.txt
+
+RUN pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel \
+    && pip install -r requirements.txt
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+COPY . .
+
+# Set nvcc architecture
+ENV CUDA_DOCKER_ARCH=${CUDA_DOCKER_ARCH}
+# Enable cuBLAS
+ENV LLAMA_CUBLAS=1
+
+RUN make
+
+ENTRYPOINT ["/app/.devops/tools.sh"]

.devops/full-rocm.Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+ARG UBUNTU_VERSION=22.04
+
+# This needs to generally match the container host's environment.
+ARG ROCM_VERSION=5.6
+
+# Target the CUDA build image
+ARG BASE_ROCM_DEV_CONTAINER=rocm/dev-ubuntu-${UBUNTU_VERSION}:${ROCM_VERSION}-complete
+
+FROM ${BASE_ROCM_DEV_CONTAINER} as build
+
+# Unless otherwise specified, we make a fat build.
+# List from https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/pull/1087#issuecomment-1682807878
+# This is mostly tied to rocBLAS supported archs.
+ARG ROCM_DOCKER_ARCH=\
+    gfx803 \
+    gfx900 \
+    gfx906 \
+    gfx908 \
+    gfx90a \
+    gfx1010 \
+    gfx1030 \
+    gfx1100 \
+    gfx1101 \
+    gfx1102
+
+COPY requirements.txt requirements.txt
+
+RUN pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel \
+    && pip install -r requirements.txt
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+COPY . .
+
+# Set nvcc architecture
+ENV GPU_TARGETS=${ROCM_DOCKER_ARCH}
+# Enable ROCm
+ENV LLAMA_HIPBLAS=1
+ENV CC=/opt/rocm/llvm/bin/clang
+ENV CXX=/opt/rocm/llvm/bin/clang++
+
+RUN make
+
+ENTRYPOINT ["/app/.devops/tools.sh"]

.devops/full.Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+ARG UBUNTU_VERSION=22.04
+
+FROM ubuntu:$UBUNTU_VERSION as build
+
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y build-essential python3 python3-pip git
+
+COPY requirements.txt requirements.txt
+
+RUN pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel \
+    && pip install -r requirements.txt
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+COPY . .
+
+RUN make
+
+ENV LC_ALL=C.utf8
+
+ENTRYPOINT ["/app/.devops/tools.sh"]

.devops/llama-cpp-clblast.srpm.spec

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+# SRPM for building from source and packaging an RPM for RPM-based distros.
+# https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/How_to_create_an_RPM_package
+# Built and maintained by John Boero - boeroboy@gmail.com
+# In honor of Seth Vidal https://www.redhat.com/it/blog/thank-you-seth-vidal
+
+# Notes for llama.cpp:
+# 1. Tags are currently based on hash - which will not sort asciibetically.
+#    We need to declare standard versioning if people want to sort latest releases.
+# 2. Builds for CUDA/OpenCL support are separate, with different depenedencies.
+# 3. NVidia's developer repo must be enabled with nvcc, cublas, clblas, etc installed.
+#    Example: https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/fedora37/x86_64/cuda-fedora37.repo
+# 4. OpenCL/CLBLAST support simply requires the ICD loader and basic opencl libraries.
+#    It is up to the user to install the correct vendor-specific support.
+
+Name:           llama.cpp-clblast
+Version:        %( date "+%%Y%%m%%d" )
+Release:        1%{?dist}
+Summary:        OpenCL Inference of LLaMA model in C/C++
+License:        MIT
+Source0:        https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/archive/refs/heads/master.tar.gz
+BuildRequires:  coreutils make gcc-c++ git mesa-libOpenCL-devel clblast-devel
+Requires:       clblast
+URL:            https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp
+
+%define debug_package %{nil}
+%define source_date_epoch_from_changelog 0
+
+%description
+CPU inference for Meta's Lllama2 models using default options.
+
+%prep
+%setup -n llama.cpp-master
+
+%build
+make -j LLAMA_CLBLAST=1
+
+%install
+mkdir -p %{buildroot}%{_bindir}/
+cp -p main %{buildroot}%{_bindir}/llamaclblast
+cp -p server %{buildroot}%{_bindir}/llamaclblastserver
+cp -p simple %{buildroot}%{_bindir}/llamaclblastsimple
+
+mkdir -p %{buildroot}/usr/lib/systemd/system
+%{__cat} <<EOF  > %{buildroot}/usr/lib/systemd/system/llamaclblast.service
+[Unit]
+Description=Llama.cpp server, CPU only (no GPU support in this build).
+After=syslog.target network.target local-fs.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
+
+[Service]
+Type=simple
+EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/llama
+ExecStart=/usr/bin/llamaclblastserver $LLAMA_ARGS
+ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
+Restart=never
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=default.target
+EOF
+
+mkdir -p %{buildroot}/etc/sysconfig
+%{__cat} <<EOF  > %{buildroot}/etc/sysconfig/llama
+LLAMA_ARGS="-m /opt/llama2/ggml-model-f32.bin"
+EOF
+
+%clean
+rm -rf %{buildroot}
+rm -rf %{_builddir}/*
+
+%files
+%{_bindir}/llamaclblast
+%{_bindir}/llamaclblastserver
+%{_bindir}/llamaclblastsimple
+/usr/lib/systemd/system/llamaclblast.service
+%config /etc/sysconfig/llama
+
+
+%pre
+
+%post
+
+%preun
+%postun
+
+%changelog

.devops/llama-cpp-cublas.srpm.spec

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+# SRPM for building from source and packaging an RPM for RPM-based distros.
+# https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/How_to_create_an_RPM_package
+# Built and maintained by John Boero - boeroboy@gmail.com
+# In honor of Seth Vidal https://www.redhat.com/it/blog/thank-you-seth-vidal
+
+# Notes for llama.cpp:
+# 1. Tags are currently based on hash - which will not sort asciibetically.
+#    We need to declare standard versioning if people want to sort latest releases.
+# 2. Builds for CUDA/OpenCL support are separate, with different depenedencies.
+# 3. NVidia's developer repo must be enabled with nvcc, cublas, clblas, etc installed.
+#    Example: https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/fedora37/x86_64/cuda-fedora37.repo
+# 4. OpenCL/CLBLAST support simply requires the ICD loader and basic opencl libraries.
+#    It is up to the user to install the correct vendor-specific support.
+
+Name:           llama.cpp-cublas
+Version:        %( date "+%%Y%%m%%d" )
+Release:        1%{?dist}
+Summary:        CPU Inference of LLaMA model in pure C/C++ (no CUDA/OpenCL)
+License:        MIT
+Source0:        https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/archive/refs/heads/master.tar.gz
+BuildRequires:  coreutils make gcc-c++ git cuda-toolkit
+Requires:       cuda-toolkit
+URL:            https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp
+
+%define debug_package %{nil}
+%define source_date_epoch_from_changelog 0
+
+%description
+CPU inference for Meta's Lllama2 models using default options.
+
+%prep
+%setup -n llama.cpp-master
+
+%build
+make -j LLAMA_CUBLAS=1
+
+%install
+mkdir -p %{buildroot}%{_bindir}/
+cp -p main %{buildroot}%{_bindir}/llamacppcublas
+cp -p server %{buildroot}%{_bindir}/llamacppcublasserver
+cp -p simple %{buildroot}%{_bindir}/llamacppcublassimple
+
+mkdir -p %{buildroot}/usr/lib/systemd/system
+%{__cat} <<EOF  > %{buildroot}/usr/lib/systemd/system/llamacublas.service
+[Unit]
+Description=Llama.cpp server, CPU only (no GPU support in this build).
+After=syslog.target network.target local-fs.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
+
+[Service]
+Type=simple
+EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/llama
+ExecStart=/usr/bin/llamacppcublasserver $LLAMA_ARGS
+ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
+Restart=never
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=default.target
+EOF
+
+mkdir -p %{buildroot}/etc/sysconfig
+%{__cat} <<EOF  > %{buildroot}/etc/sysconfig/llama
+LLAMA_ARGS="-m /opt/llama2/ggml-model-f32.bin"
+EOF
+
+%clean
+rm -rf %{buildroot}
+rm -rf %{_builddir}/*
+
+%files
+%{_bindir}/llamacppcublas
+%{_bindir}/llamacppcublasserver
+%{_bindir}/llamacppcublassimple
+/usr/lib/systemd/system/llamacublas.service
+%config /etc/sysconfig/llama
+
+%pre
+
+%post
+
+%preun
+%postun
+
+%changelog

.devops/llama-cpp.srpm.spec

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+# SRPM for building from source and packaging an RPM for RPM-based distros.
+# https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/How_to_create_an_RPM_package
+# Built and maintained by John Boero - boeroboy@gmail.com
+# In honor of Seth Vidal https://www.redhat.com/it/blog/thank-you-seth-vidal
+
+# Notes for llama.cpp:
+# 1. Tags are currently based on hash - which will not sort asciibetically.
+#    We need to declare standard versioning if people want to sort latest releases.
+#    In the meantime, YYYYMMDD format will be used.
+# 2. Builds for CUDA/OpenCL support are separate, with different depenedencies.
+# 3. NVidia's developer repo must be enabled with nvcc, cublas, clblas, etc installed.
+#    Example: https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/fedora37/x86_64/cuda-fedora37.repo
+# 4. OpenCL/CLBLAST support simply requires the ICD loader and basic opencl libraries.
+#    It is up to the user to install the correct vendor-specific support.
+
+Name:           llama.cpp
+Version:        %( date "+%%Y%%m%%d" )
+Release:        1%{?dist}
+Summary:        CPU Inference of LLaMA model in pure C/C++ (no CUDA/OpenCL)
+License:        MIT
+Source0:        https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/archive/refs/heads/master.tar.gz
+BuildRequires:  coreutils make gcc-c++ git libstdc++-devel
+Requires:       libstdc++
+URL:            https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp
+
+%define debug_package %{nil}
+%define source_date_epoch_from_changelog 0
+
+%description
+CPU inference for Meta's Lllama2 models using default options.
+Models are not included in this package and must be downloaded separately.
+
+%prep
+%setup -n llama.cpp-master
+
+%build
+make -j
+
+%install
+mkdir -p %{buildroot}%{_bindir}/
+cp -p main %{buildroot}%{_bindir}/llama
+cp -p server %{buildroot}%{_bindir}/llamaserver
+cp -p simple %{buildroot}%{_bindir}/llamasimple
+
+mkdir -p %{buildroot}/usr/lib/systemd/system
+%{__cat} <<EOF  > %{buildroot}/usr/lib/systemd/system/llama.service
+[Unit]
+Description=Llama.cpp server, CPU only (no GPU support in this build).
+After=syslog.target network.target local-fs.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
+
+[Service]
+Type=simple
+EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/llama
+ExecStart=/usr/bin/llamaserver $LLAMA_ARGS
+ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
+Restart=never
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=default.target
+EOF
+
+mkdir -p %{buildroot}/etc/sysconfig
+%{__cat} <<EOF  > %{buildroot}/etc/sysconfig/llama
+LLAMA_ARGS="-m /opt/llama2/ggml-model-f32.bin"
+EOF
+
+%clean
+rm -rf %{buildroot}
+rm -rf %{_builddir}/*
+
+%files
+%{_bindir}/llama
+%{_bindir}/llamaserver
+%{_bindir}/llamasimple
+/usr/lib/systemd/system/llama.service
+%config /etc/sysconfig/llama
+
+%pre
+
+%post
+
+%preun
+%postun
+
+%changelog

.devops/main-cuda.Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+ARG UBUNTU_VERSION=22.04
+# This needs to generally match the container host's environment.
+ARG CUDA_VERSION=11.7.1
+# Target the CUDA build image
+ARG BASE_CUDA_DEV_CONTAINER=nvidia/cuda:${CUDA_VERSION}-devel-ubuntu${UBUNTU_VERSION}
+# Target the CUDA runtime image
+ARG BASE_CUDA_RUN_CONTAINER=nvidia/cuda:${CUDA_VERSION}-runtime-ubuntu${UBUNTU_VERSION}
+
+FROM ${BASE_CUDA_DEV_CONTAINER} as build
+
+# Unless otherwise specified, we make a fat build.
+ARG CUDA_DOCKER_ARCH=all
+
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y build-essential
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+COPY . .
+
+# Set nvcc architecture
+ENV CUDA_DOCKER_ARCH=${CUDA_DOCKER_ARCH}
+# Enable cuBLAS
+ENV LLAMA_CUBLAS=1
+
+RUN make
+
+FROM ${BASE_CUDA_RUN_CONTAINER} as runtime
+
+COPY --from=build /app/main /main
+
+ENTRYPOINT [ "/main" ]

.devops/main-rocm.Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+ARG UBUNTU_VERSION=22.04
+
+# This needs to generally match the container host's environment.
+ARG ROCM_VERSION=5.6
+
+# Target the CUDA build image
+ARG BASE_ROCM_DEV_CONTAINER=rocm/dev-ubuntu-${UBUNTU_VERSION}:${ROCM_VERSION}-complete
+
+FROM ${BASE_ROCM_DEV_CONTAINER} as build
+
+# Unless otherwise specified, we make a fat build.
+# List from https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/pull/1087#issuecomment-1682807878
+# This is mostly tied to rocBLAS supported archs.
+ARG ROCM_DOCKER_ARCH=\
+    gfx803 \
+    gfx900 \
+    gfx906 \
+    gfx908 \
+    gfx90a \
+    gfx1010 \
+    gfx1030 \
+    gfx1100 \
+    gfx1101 \
+    gfx1102
+
+COPY requirements.txt requirements.txt
+
+RUN pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel \
+    && pip install -r requirements.txt
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+COPY . .
+
+# Set nvcc architecture
+ENV GPU_TARGETS=${ROCM_DOCKER_ARCH}
+# Enable ROCm
+ENV LLAMA_HIPBLAS=1
+ENV CC=/opt/rocm/llvm/bin/clang
+ENV CXX=/opt/rocm/llvm/bin/clang++
+
+RUN make
+
+ENTRYPOINT [ "/app/main" ]

.devops/main.Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+ARG UBUNTU_VERSION=22.04
+
+FROM ubuntu:$UBUNTU_VERSION as build
+
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y build-essential git
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+COPY . .
+
+RUN make
+
+FROM ubuntu:$UBUNTU_VERSION as runtime
+
+COPY --from=build /app/main /main
+
+ENV LC_ALL=C.utf8
+
+ENTRYPOINT [ "/main" ]

.devops/tools.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -e
+
+# Read the first argument into a variable
+arg1="$1"
+
+# Shift the arguments to remove the first one
+shift
+
+if [[ "$arg1" == '--convert' || "$arg1" == '-c' ]]; then
+    python3 ./convert.py "$@"
+elif [[ "$arg1" == '--quantize' || "$arg1" == '-q' ]]; then
+    ./quantize "$@"
+elif [[ "$arg1" == '--run' || "$arg1" == '-r' ]]; then
+    ./main "$@"
+elif [[ "$arg1" == '--all-in-one' || "$arg1" == '-a' ]]; then
+    echo "Converting PTH to GGML..."
+    for i in `ls $1/$2/ggml-model-f16.bin*`; do
+        if [ -f "${i/f16/q4_0}" ]; then
+            echo "Skip model quantization, it already exists: ${i/f16/q4_0}"
+        else
+            echo "Converting PTH to GGML: $i into ${i/f16/q4_0}..."
+            ./quantize "$i" "${i/f16/q4_0}" q4_0
+        fi
+    done
+elif [[ "$arg1" == '--server' || "$arg1" == '-s' ]]; then
+    ./server "$@"
+else
+    echo "Unknown command: $arg1"
+    echo "Available commands: "
+    echo "  --run (-r): Run a model previously converted into ggml"
+    echo "              ex: -m /models/7B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin -p \"Building a website can be done in 10 simple steps:\" -n 512"
+    echo "  --convert (-c): Convert a llama model into ggml"
+    echo "              ex: --outtype f16 \"/models/7B/\" "
+    echo "  --quantize (-q): Optimize with quantization process ggml"
+    echo "              ex: \"/models/7B/ggml-model-f16.bin\" \"/models/7B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin\" 2"
+    echo "  --all-in-one (-a): Execute --convert & --quantize"
+    echo "              ex: \"/models/\" 7B"
+    echo "  --server (-s): Run a model on the server"
+    echo "              ex: -m /models/7B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin -c 2048 -ngl 43 -mg 1 --port 8080"
+fi

.dockerignore

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+*.o
+*.a
+.cache/
+.vs/
+.vscode/
+.DS_Store
+
+build*/
+
+models/*
+
+/main
+/quantize
+
+arm_neon.h
+compile_commands.json
+Dockerfile

.ecrc

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "Disable": {
+    "IndentSize": true
+  }
+}

.editorconfig

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# https://EditorConfig.org
+
+# Top-most EditorConfig file
+root = true
+
+# Unix-style newlines with a newline ending every file, utf-8 charset
+[*]
+end_of_line = lf
+insert_final_newline = true
+trim_trailing_whitespace = true
+charset = utf-8
+indent_style = space
+indent_size = 4
+
+[Makefile]
+indent_style = tab
+
+[prompts/*.txt]
+insert_final_newline = unset

.flake8

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+[flake8]
+max-line-length = 125

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/custom.md

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+---
+name: Issue and enhancement template
+about: Used to report issues and request enhancements for llama.cpp
+title: "[User] Insert summary of your issue or enhancement.."
+labels: ''
+assignees: ''
+
+---
+
+# Prerequisites
+
+Please answer the following questions for yourself before submitting an issue.
+
+- [ ] I am running the latest code. Development is very rapid so there are no tagged versions as of now.
+- [ ] I carefully followed the [README.md](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/blob/master/README.md).
+- [ ] I [searched using keywords relevant to my issue](https://docs.github.com/en/issues/tracking-your-work-with-issues/filtering-and-searching-issues-and-pull-requests) to make sure that I am creating a new issue that is not already open (or closed).
+- [ ] I reviewed the [Discussions](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/discussions), and have a new bug or useful enhancement to share.
+
+# Expected Behavior
+
+Please provide a detailed written description of what you were trying to do, and what you expected `llama.cpp` to do.
+
+# Current Behavior
+
+Please provide a detailed written description of what `llama.cpp` did, instead.
+
+# Environment and Context
+
+Please provide detailed information about your computer setup. This is important in case the issue is not reproducible except for under certain specific conditions.
+
+* Physical (or virtual) hardware you are using, e.g. for Linux:
+
+`$ lscpu`
+
+* Operating System, e.g. for Linux:
+
+`$ uname -a`
+
+* SDK version, e.g. for Linux:
+
+```
+$ python3 --version
+$ make --version
+$ g++ --version
+```
+
+# Failure Information (for bugs)
+
+Please help provide information about the failure if this is a bug. If it is not a bug, please remove the rest of this template.
+
+# Steps to Reproduce
+
+Please provide detailed steps for reproducing the issue. We are not sitting in front of your screen, so the more detail the better.
+
+1. step 1
+2. step 2
+3. step 3
+4. etc.
+
+# Failure Logs
+
+Please include any relevant log snippets or files. If it works under one configuration but not under another, please provide logs for both configurations and their corresponding outputs so it is easy to see where behavior changes.
+
+Also, please try to **avoid using screenshots** if at all possible. Instead, copy/paste the console output and use [Github's markdown](https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/getting-started-with-writing-and-formatting-on-github/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax) to cleanly format your logs for easy readability.
+
+Example environment info:
+```
+llama.cpp$ git log | head -1
+commit 2af23d30434a677c6416812eea52ccc0af65119c
+
+llama.cpp$ lscpu | egrep "AMD|Flags"
+Vendor ID:                       AuthenticAMD
+Model name:                      AMD Ryzen Threadripper 1950X 16-Core Processor
+Flags:                           fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl nonstop_tsc cpuid extd_apicid amd_dcm aperfmperf rapl pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw skinit wdt tce topoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb bpext perfctr_llc mwaitx cpb hw_pstate ssbd ibpb vmmcall fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 rdseed adx smap clflushopt sha_ni xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves clzero irperf xsaveerptr arat npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold avic v_vmsave_vmload vgif overflow_recov succor smca sme sev
+Virtualization:                  AMD-V
+
+llama.cpp$ python3 --version
+Python 3.10.9
+
+llama.cpp$ pip list | egrep "torch|numpy|sentencepiece"
+numpy                         1.24.2
+numpydoc                      1.5.0
+sentencepiece                 0.1.97
+torch                         1.13.1
+torchvision                   0.14.1
+
+llama.cpp$ make --version | head -1
+GNU Make 4.3
+
+$ md5sum ./models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin
+dbdd682cce80e2d6e93cefc7449df487  ./models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin
+```
+
+Example run with the Linux command [perf](https://www.brendangregg.com/perf.html)
+```
+llama.cpp$ perf stat ./main -m ./models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin -t 16 -n 1024 -p "Please close your issue when it has been answered."
+main: seed = 1679149377
+llama_model_load: loading model from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin' - please wait ...
+llama_model_load: n_vocab = 32000
+llama_model_load: n_ctx   = 512
+llama_model_load: n_embd  = 8192
+llama_model_load: n_mult  = 256
+llama_model_load: n_head  = 64
+llama_model_load: n_layer = 80
+llama_model_load: n_rot   = 128
+llama_model_load: f16     = 2
+llama_model_load: n_ff    = 22016
+llama_model_load: n_parts = 8
+llama_model_load: ggml ctx size = 41477.73 MB
+llama_model_load: memory_size =  2560.00 MB, n_mem = 40960
+llama_model_load: loading model part 1/8 from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin'
+llama_model_load: .......................................................................................... done
+llama_model_load: model size =  4869.09 MB / num tensors = 723
+llama_model_load: loading model part 2/8 from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin.1'
+llama_model_load: .......................................................................................... done
+llama_model_load: model size =  4869.09 MB / num tensors = 723
+llama_model_load: loading model part 3/8 from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin.2'
+llama_model_load: .......................................................................................... done
+llama_model_load: model size =  4869.09 MB / num tensors = 723
+llama_model_load: loading model part 4/8 from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin.3'
+llama_model_load: .......................................................................................... done
+llama_model_load: model size =  4869.09 MB / num tensors = 723
+llama_model_load: loading model part 5/8 from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin.4'
+llama_model_load: .......................................................................................... done
+llama_model_load: model size =  4869.09 MB / num tensors = 723
+llama_model_load: loading model part 6/8 from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin.5'
+llama_model_load: .......................................................................................... done
+llama_model_load: model size =  4869.09 MB / num tensors = 723
+llama_model_load: loading model part 7/8 from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin.6'
+llama_model_load: .......................................................................................... done
+llama_model_load: model size =  4869.09 MB / num tensors = 723
+llama_model_load: loading model part 8/8 from './models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin.7'
+llama_model_load: .......................................................................................... done
+llama_model_load: model size =  4869.09 MB / num tensors = 723
+
+system_info: n_threads = 16 / 32 | AVX = 1 | AVX2 = 1 | AVX512 = 0 | FMA = 1 | NEON = 0 | ARM_FMA = 0 | F16C = 1 | FP16_VA = 0 | WASM_SIMD = 0 | BLAS = 0 | SSE3 = 1 | VSX = 0 |
+
+main: prompt: 'Please close your issue when it has been answered.'
+main: number of tokens in prompt = 11
+     1 -> ''
+ 12148 -> 'Please'
+  3802 -> ' close'
+   596 -> ' your'
+  2228 -> ' issue'
+   746 -> ' when'
+   372 -> ' it'
+   756 -> ' has'
+  1063 -> ' been'
+  7699 -> ' answered'
+ 29889 -> '.'
+
+sampling parameters: temp = 0.800000, top_k = 40, top_p = 0.950000, repeat_last_n = 64, repeat_penalty = 1.300000
+
+
+Please close your issue when it has been answered.
+@duncan-donut: I'm trying to figure out what kind of "support" you need for this script and why, exactly? Is there a question about how the code works that hasn't already been addressed in one or more comments below this ticket, or are we talking something else entirely like some sorta bugfixing job because your server setup is different from mine??
+I can understand if your site needs to be running smoothly and you need help with a fix of sorts but there should really be nothing wrong here that the code itself could not handle. And given that I'm getting reports about how it works perfectly well on some other servers, what exactly are we talking? A detailed report will do wonders in helping us get this resolved for ya quickly so please take your time and describe the issue(s) you see as clearly & concisely as possible!!
+@duncan-donut: I'm not sure if you have access to cPanel but you could try these instructions. It is worth a shot! Let me know how it goes (or what error message, exactly!) when/if ya give that code a go? [end of text]
+
+
+main: mem per token = 71159620 bytes
+main:     load time = 19309.95 ms
+main:   sample time =   168.62 ms
+main:  predict time = 223895.61 ms / 888.47 ms per token
+main:    total time = 246406.42 ms
+
+ Performance counter stats for './main -m ./models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin -t 16 -n 1024 -p Please close your issue when it has been answered.':
+
+        3636882.89 msec task-clock                #   14.677 CPUs utilized
+             13509      context-switches          #    3.714 /sec
+              2436      cpu-migrations            #    0.670 /sec
+          10476679      page-faults               #    2.881 K/sec
+    13133115082869      cycles                    #    3.611 GHz                      (16.77%)
+       29314462753      stalled-cycles-frontend   #    0.22% frontend cycles idle     (16.76%)
+    10294402631459      stalled-cycles-backend    #   78.39% backend cycles idle      (16.74%)
+    23479217109614      instructions              #    1.79  insn per cycle
+                                                  #    0.44  stalled cycles per insn  (16.76%)
+     2353072268027      branches                  #  647.002 M/sec                    (16.77%)
+        1998682780      branch-misses             #    0.08% of all branches          (16.76%)
+
+     247.802177522 seconds time elapsed
+
+    3618.573072000 seconds user
+      18.491698000 seconds sys
+```

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -1,38 +1,483 @@
 name: CI
-on: [push, pull_request]
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch: # allows manual triggering
+    inputs:
+      create_release:
+        description: 'Create new release'
+        required: true
+        type: boolean
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+    paths: ['.github/workflows/**', '**/CMakeLists.txt', '**/Makefile', '**/*.h', '**/*.hpp', '**/*.c', '**/*.cpp', '**/*.cu']
+  pull_request:
+    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened]
+    paths: ['**/CMakeLists.txt', '**/Makefile', '**/*.h', '**/*.hpp', '**/*.c', '**/*.cpp', '**/*.cu']
+
+env:
+  BRANCH_NAME: ${{ github.head_ref || github.ref_name }}
+  GGML_NLOOP: 3
+  GGML_N_THREADS: 1
 
 jobs:
-  ubuntu-latest:
+  ubuntu-focal-make:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Clone
+        id: checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v1
+
+      - name: Dependencies
+        id: depends
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install build-essential gcc-8
+
+      - name: Build
+        id: make_build
+        run: |
+          CC=gcc-8 make
+
+      - name: Test
+        id: make_test
+        run: |
+          CC=gcc-8 make tests
+          make test
+
+  ubuntu-latest-cmake:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
       - name: Clone
+        id: checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v1
 
       - name: Dependencies
+        id: depends
         run: |
           sudo apt-get update
           sudo apt-get install build-essential
 
       - name: Build
+        id: cmake_build
         run: |
-          make
+          mkdir build
+          cd build
+          cmake ..
+          cmake --build . --config Release
 
-  macOS-latest:
-    runs-on: macOS-latest
+      - name: Test
+        id: cmake_test
+        run: |
+          cd build
+          ctest --verbose --timeout 900
+
+  ubuntu-latest-cmake-sanitizer:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    continue-on-error: true
+
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        sanitizer: [ADDRESS, THREAD, UNDEFINED]
+        build_type: [Debug, Release]
 
     steps:
       - name: Clone
+        id: checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v1
 
       - name: Dependencies
+        id: depends
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install build-essential
+
+      - name: Build
+        id: cmake_build
+        run: |
+          mkdir build
+          cd build
+          cmake .. -DLLAMA_SANITIZE_${{ matrix.sanitizer }}=ON -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${{ matrix.build_type }}
+          cmake --build . --config ${{ matrix.build_type }}
+
+      - name: Test
+        id: cmake_test
+        run: |
+          cd build
+          ctest --verbose --timeout 900
+
+  ubuntu-latest-cmake-mpi:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    continue-on-error: true
+
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        mpi_library: [mpich, libopenmpi-dev]
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Clone
+        id: checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v1
+
+      - name: Dependencies
+        id: depends
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install build-essential ${{ matrix.mpi_library }}
+
+      - name: Build
+        id: cmake_build
+        run: |
+          mkdir build
+          cd build
+          cmake -DLLAMA_MPI=ON ..
+          cmake --build . --config Release
+
+      - name: Test
+        id: cmake_test
+        run: |
+          cd build
+          ctest --verbose
+
+  macOS-latest-make:
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Clone
+        id: checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v1
+
+      - name: Dependencies
+        id: depends
+        continue-on-error: true
         run: |
           brew update
 
       - name: Build
+        id: make_build
         run: |
           make
 
+      - name: Test
+        id: make_test
+        run: |
+          make tests
+          make test
+
+  macOS-latest-cmake:
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Clone
+        id: checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v1
+
+      - name: Dependencies
+        id: depends
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: |
+          brew update
+
+      - name: Build
+        id: cmake_build
+        run: |
+          sysctl -a
+          mkdir build
+          cd build
+          cmake -DLLAMA_AVX2=OFF -DLLAMA_FMA=OFF ..
+          cmake --build . --config Release
+
+      - name: Test
+        id: cmake_test
+        run: |
+          cd build
+          ctest --verbose --timeout 900
+
+  windows-latest-cmake:
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+
+    env:
+      OPENBLAS_VERSION: 0.3.23
+      OPENCL_VERSION: 2023.04.17
+      CLBLAST_VERSION: 1.6.0
+
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - build: 'noavx'
+            defines: '-DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DLLAMA_AVX=OFF -DLLAMA_AVX2=OFF -DLLAMA_FMA=OFF'
+          - build: 'avx2'
+            defines: '-DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON'
+          - build: 'avx'
+            defines: '-DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DLLAMA_AVX2=OFF'
+          - build: 'avx512'
+            defines: '-DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DLLAMA_AVX512=ON -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON'
+          - build: 'clblast'
+            defines: '-DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DLLAMA_CLBLAST=ON -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="$env:RUNNER_TEMP/clblast"'
+          - build: 'openblas'
+            defines: '-DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DLLAMA_BLAS=ON -DLLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR=OpenBLAS -DBLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS="$env:RUNNER_TEMP/openblas/include" -DBLAS_LIBRARIES="$env:RUNNER_TEMP/openblas/lib/openblas.lib"'
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Clone
+        id: checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v1
+
+      - name: Download OpenCL SDK
+        id: get_opencl
+        if: ${{ matrix.build == 'clblast' }}
+        run: |
+          curl.exe -o $env:RUNNER_TEMP/opencl.zip -L "https://github.com/KhronosGroup/OpenCL-SDK/releases/download/v${env:OPENCL_VERSION}/OpenCL-SDK-v${env:OPENCL_VERSION}-Win-x64.zip"
+          mkdir $env:RUNNER_TEMP/opencl
+          tar.exe -xvf $env:RUNNER_TEMP/opencl.zip --strip-components=1 -C $env:RUNNER_TEMP/opencl
+
+      - name: Download CLBlast
+        id: get_clblast
+        if: ${{ matrix.build == 'clblast' }}
+        run: |
+          curl.exe -o $env:RUNNER_TEMP/clblast.7z -L "https://github.com/CNugteren/CLBlast/releases/download/${env:CLBLAST_VERSION}/CLBlast-${env:CLBLAST_VERSION}-windows-x64.7z"
+          curl.exe -o $env:RUNNER_TEMP/CLBlast.LICENSE.txt -L "https://github.com/CNugteren/CLBlast/raw/${env:CLBLAST_VERSION}/LICENSE"
+          7z x "-o${env:RUNNER_TEMP}" $env:RUNNER_TEMP/clblast.7z
+          rename-item $env:RUNNER_TEMP/CLBlast-${env:CLBLAST_VERSION}-windows-x64 clblast
+          foreach ($f in (gci -Recurse -Path "$env:RUNNER_TEMP/clblast" -Filter '*.cmake')) {
+            $txt = Get-Content -Path $f -Raw
+            $txt.Replace('C:/vcpkg/packages/opencl_x64-windows/', "$($env:RUNNER_TEMP.Replace('\','/'))/opencl/") | Set-Content -Path $f -Encoding UTF8
+          }
+
+      - name: Download OpenBLAS
+        id: get_openblas
+        if: ${{ matrix.build == 'openblas' }}
+        run: |
+          curl.exe -o $env:RUNNER_TEMP/openblas.zip -L "https://github.com/xianyi/OpenBLAS/releases/download/v${env:OPENBLAS_VERSION}/OpenBLAS-${env:OPENBLAS_VERSION}-x64.zip"
+          curl.exe -o $env:RUNNER_TEMP/OpenBLAS.LICENSE.txt -L "https://github.com/xianyi/OpenBLAS/raw/v${env:OPENBLAS_VERSION}/LICENSE"
+          mkdir $env:RUNNER_TEMP/openblas
+          tar.exe -xvf $env:RUNNER_TEMP/openblas.zip -C $env:RUNNER_TEMP/openblas
+          $vcdir = $(vswhere -latest -products * -requires Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.x86.x64 -property installationPath)
+          $msvc = $(join-path $vcdir $('VC\Tools\MSVC\'+$(gc -raw $(join-path $vcdir 'VC\Auxiliary\Build\Microsoft.VCToolsVersion.default.txt')).Trim()))
+          $lib =  $(join-path $msvc 'bin\Hostx64\x64\lib.exe')
+          & $lib /machine:x64 "/def:${env:RUNNER_TEMP}/openblas/lib/libopenblas.def" "/out:${env:RUNNER_TEMP}/openblas/lib/openblas.lib" /name:openblas.dll
+
+      - name: Build
+        id: cmake_build
+        run: |
+          mkdir build
+          cd build
+          cmake .. ${{ matrix.defines }}
+          cmake --build . --config Release
+
+      - name: Add clblast.dll
+        id: add_clblast_dll
+        if: ${{ matrix.build == 'clblast' }}
+        run: |
+          cp $env:RUNNER_TEMP/clblast/lib/clblast.dll ./build/bin/Release
+          cp $env:RUNNER_TEMP/CLBlast.LICENSE.txt ./build/bin/Release/CLBlast-${env:CLBLAST_VERSION}.txt
+
+      - name: Add libopenblas.dll
+        id: add_libopenblas_dll
+        if: ${{ matrix.build == 'openblas' }}
+        run: |
+          cp $env:RUNNER_TEMP/openblas/bin/libopenblas.dll ./build/bin/Release/openblas.dll
+          cp $env:RUNNER_TEMP/OpenBLAS.LICENSE.txt ./build/bin/Release/OpenBLAS-${env:OPENBLAS_VERSION}.txt
+
+      - name: Check AVX512F support
+        id: check_avx512f
+        if: ${{ matrix.build == 'avx512' }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: |
+          cd build
+          $vcdir = $(vswhere -latest -products * -requires Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.x86.x64 -property installationPath)
+          $msvc = $(join-path $vcdir $('VC\Tools\MSVC\'+$(gc -raw $(join-path $vcdir 'VC\Auxiliary\Build\Microsoft.VCToolsVersion.default.txt')).Trim()))
+          $cl =  $(join-path $msvc 'bin\Hostx64\x64\cl.exe')
+          echo 'int main(void){unsigned int a[4];__cpuid(a,7);return !(a[1]&65536);}' >> avx512f.c
+          & $cl /O2 /GS- /kernel avx512f.c /link /nodefaultlib /entry:main
+          .\avx512f.exe && echo "AVX512F: YES" && ( echo HAS_AVX512F=1 >> $env:GITHUB_ENV ) || echo "AVX512F: NO"
+
+      - name: Test
+        id: cmake_test
+        if: ${{ matrix.build != 'clblast' && (matrix.build != 'avx512' || env.HAS_AVX512F == '1') }} # Test AVX-512 only when possible
+        run: |
+          cd build
+          ctest -C Release --verbose --timeout 900
+
+      - name: Determine tag name
+        id: tag
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          BUILD_NUMBER="$(git rev-list --count HEAD)"
+          SHORT_HASH="$(git rev-parse --short=7 HEAD)"
+          if [[ "${{ env.BRANCH_NAME }}" == "master" ]]; then
+            echo "name=b${BUILD_NUMBER}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          else
+            SAFE_NAME=$(echo "${{ env.BRANCH_NAME }}" | tr '/' '-')
+            echo "name=${SAFE_NAME}-b${BUILD_NUMBER}-${SHORT_HASH}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          fi
+
+      - name: Pack artifacts
+        id: pack_artifacts
+        if: ${{ ( github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' ) || github.event.inputs.create_release == 'true' }}
+        run: |
+          Copy-Item LICENSE .\build\bin\Release\llama.cpp.txt
+          7z a llama-${{ steps.tag.outputs.name }}-bin-win-${{ matrix.build }}-x64.zip .\build\bin\Release\*
+
+      - name: Upload artifacts
+        if: ${{ ( github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' ) || github.event.inputs.create_release == 'true' }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          path: |
+            llama-${{ steps.tag.outputs.name }}-bin-win-${{ matrix.build }}-x64.zip
+
+  windows-latest-cmake-cublas:
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        cuda: ['12.1.0', '11.7.1']
+        build: ['cublas']
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Clone
+        id: checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v1
+
+      - uses: Jimver/cuda-toolkit@v0.2.10
+        id: cuda-toolkit
+        with:
+          cuda: ${{ matrix.cuda }}
+          # TODO(green-sky): _dev seems to fail, and non dev are not enought
+          #sub-packages: '["nvcc", "cudart", "cublas", "cudart_dev", "cublas_dev"]'
+
+      - name: Build
+        id: cmake_build
+        run: |
+          mkdir build
+          cd build
+          cmake .. -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DLLAMA_CUBLAS=ON
+          cmake --build . --config Release
+
+      - name: Determine tag name
+        id: tag
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          BUILD_NUMBER="$(git rev-list --count HEAD)"
+          SHORT_HASH="$(git rev-parse --short=7 HEAD)"
+          if [[ "${{ env.BRANCH_NAME }}" == "master" ]]; then
+            echo "name=b${BUILD_NUMBER}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          else
+            SAFE_NAME=$(echo "${{ env.BRANCH_NAME }}" | tr '/' '-')
+            echo "name=${SAFE_NAME}-b${BUILD_NUMBER}-${SHORT_HASH}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          fi
+
+      - name: Pack artifacts
+        id: pack_artifacts
+        if: ${{ ( github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' ) || github.event.inputs.create_release == 'true' }}
+        run: |
+          7z a llama-${{ steps.tag.outputs.name }}-bin-win-${{ matrix.build }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-x64.zip .\build\bin\Release\*
+
+      - name: Upload artifacts
+        if: ${{ ( github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' ) || github.event.inputs.create_release == 'true' }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          path: |
+            llama-${{ steps.tag.outputs.name }}-bin-win-${{ matrix.build }}-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-x64.zip
+
+      - name: Copy and pack Cuda runtime
+        if: ${{ matrix.cuda == '12.1.0' }}
+        # TODO(green-sky): paths are cuda 12 specific
+        run: |
+          echo "Cuda install location: ${{steps.cuda-toolkit.outputs.CUDA_PATH}}"
+          mkdir '.\build\bin\cudart\'
+          cp "${{steps.cuda-toolkit.outputs.CUDA_PATH}}\bin\cudart64_12.dll" '.\build\bin\cudart\'
+          cp "${{steps.cuda-toolkit.outputs.CUDA_PATH}}\bin\cublas64_12.dll" '.\build\bin\cudart\'
+          cp "${{steps.cuda-toolkit.outputs.CUDA_PATH}}\bin\cublasLt64_12.dll" '.\build\bin\cudart\'
+          7z a cudart-llama-bin-win-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-x64.zip .\build\bin\cudart\*
+
+      - name: Copy and pack Cuda runtime
+        if: ${{ matrix.cuda == '11.7.1' }}
+        # TODO(green-sky): paths are cuda 11 specific
+        run: |
+          echo "Cuda install location: ${{steps.cuda-toolkit.outputs.CUDA_PATH}}"
+          mkdir '.\build\bin\cudart\'
+          ls "${{steps.cuda-toolkit.outputs.CUDA_PATH}}\bin"
+          cp "${{steps.cuda-toolkit.outputs.CUDA_PATH}}\bin\cudart64_110.dll" '.\build\bin\cudart\'
+          cp "${{steps.cuda-toolkit.outputs.CUDA_PATH}}\bin\cublas64_11.dll" '.\build\bin\cudart\'
+          cp "${{steps.cuda-toolkit.outputs.CUDA_PATH}}\bin\cublasLt64_11.dll" '.\build\bin\cudart\'
+          7z a cudart-llama-bin-win-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-x64.zip .\build\bin\cudart\*
+
+      - name: Upload Cuda runtime
+        if: ${{ ( github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' ) || github.event.inputs.create_release == 'true' }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          path: |
+            cudart-llama-bin-win-cu${{ matrix.cuda }}-x64.zip
+
+  release:
+    if: ${{ ( github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' ) || github.event.inputs.create_release == 'true' }}
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    needs:
+      - ubuntu-focal-make
+      - ubuntu-latest-cmake
+      - macOS-latest-make
+      - macOS-latest-cmake
+      - windows-latest-cmake
+      - windows-latest-cmake-cublas
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Clone
+        id: checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v1
+
+      - name: Determine tag name
+        id: tag
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          BUILD_NUMBER="$(git rev-list --count HEAD)"
+          SHORT_HASH="$(git rev-parse --short=7 HEAD)"
+          if [[ "${{ env.BRANCH_NAME }}" == "master" ]]; then
+            echo "name=b${BUILD_NUMBER}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          else
+            SAFE_NAME=$(echo "${{ env.BRANCH_NAME }}" | tr '/' '-')
+            echo "name=${SAFE_NAME}-b${BUILD_NUMBER}-${SHORT_HASH}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          fi
+
+      - name: Download artifacts
+        id: download-artifact
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
+
+      - name: Create release
+        id: create_release
+        uses: anzz1/action-create-release@v1
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        with:
+          tag_name: ${{ steps.tag.outputs.name }}
+
+      - name: Upload release
+        id: upload_release
+        uses: actions/github-script@v3
+        with:
+          github-token: ${{secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN}}
+          script: |
+            const path = require('path');
+            const fs = require('fs');
+            const release_id = '${{ steps.create_release.outputs.id }}';
+            for (let file of await fs.readdirSync('./artifact')) {
+              if (path.extname(file) === '.zip') {
+                console.log('uploadReleaseAsset', file);
+                await github.repos.uploadReleaseAsset({
+                  owner: context.repo.owner,
+                  repo: context.repo.repo,
+                  release_id: release_id,
+                  name: file,
+                  data: await fs.readFileSync(`./artifact/${file}`)
+                });
+              }
+            }
+
 #  ubuntu-latest-gcc:
 #    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 #

.github/workflows/code-coverage.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+name: Code Coverage
+on: [push, pull_request]
+
+env:
+  GGML_NLOOP: 3
+  GGML_N_THREADS: 1
+
+jobs:
+  run:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+
+      - name: Dependencies
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install build-essential gcc-8 lcov
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: CC=gcc-8 make -j LLAMA_CODE_COVERAGE=1 tests
+
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: CC=gcc-8 make test
+
+      - name: Generate coverage report
+        run: |
+          make coverage
+          make lcov-report
+
+      - name: Upload coverage to Codecov
+        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
+        env:
+           CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
+        with:
+          files: lcov-report/coverage.info

.github/workflows/docker.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# This workflow uses actions that are not certified by GitHub.
+# They are provided by a third-party and are governed by
+# separate terms of service, privacy policy, and support
+# documentation.
+
+# GitHub recommends pinning actions to a commit SHA.
+# To get a newer version, you will need to update the SHA.
+# You can also reference a tag or branch, but the action may change without warning.
+
+name: Publish Docker image
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+
+jobs:
+  push_to_registry:
+    name: Push Docker image to Docker Hub
+    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      COMMIT_SHA: ${{ github.sha }}
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        config:
+          - { tag: "light", dockerfile: ".devops/main.Dockerfile" }
+          - { tag: "full", dockerfile: ".devops/full.Dockerfile" }
+    steps:
+      - name: Check out the repo
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+
+      - name: Set up QEMU
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v2
+
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v2
+
+      - name: Log in to Docker Hub
+        uses: docker/login-action@v2
+        with:
+          registry: ghcr.io
+          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Build and push Docker image (versioned)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v4
+        with:
+          context: .
+          push: true
+          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
+          tags: "ghcr.io/ggerganov/llama.cpp:${{ matrix.config.tag }}-${{ env.COMMIT_SHA }}"
+          file: ${{ matrix.config.dockerfile }}
+
+      - name: Build and push Docker image (tagged)
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v4
+        with:
+          context: .
+          push: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' }}
+          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
+          tags: "ghcr.io/ggerganov/llama.cpp:${{ matrix.config.tag }}"
+          file: ${{ matrix.config.dockerfile }}

.github/workflows/editorconfig.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+name: EditorConfig Checker
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - master
+
+jobs:
+  editorconfig:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: editorconfig-checker/action-editorconfig-checker@main
+      - run: editorconfig-checker

.github/workflows/gguf-publish.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# This workflow will upload a Python Package using Twine when a GGUF release is created
+# For more information see: https://help.github.com/en/actions/language-and-framework-guides/using-python-with-github-actions#publishing-to-package-registries
+
+# See `gguf-py/README.md` for how to make a release.
+
+# This workflow uses actions that are not certified by GitHub.
+# They are provided by a third-party and are governed by
+# separate terms of service, privacy policy, and support
+# documentation.
+
+name: Upload Python Package
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+  push:
+    # Pattern matched against refs/tags
+    tags:
+      - 'gguf-v*'           # Push events to every version tag
+
+
+jobs:
+  deploy:
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - name: Set up Python
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v2
+      with:
+        python-version: '3.9.x'
+    - name: Install dependencies
+      run: |
+        cd gguf-py
+        python -m pip install poetry
+        poetry install
+
+    - name: Build package
+      run: poetry build
+    - name: Publish package
+      uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@release/v1
+      with:
+        password: ${{ secrets.PYPI_API_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/tidy-post.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+name: clang-tidy review post comments
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    workflows: ["clang-tidy-review"]
+    types:
+      - completed
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: ZedThree/clang-tidy-review/post@v0.13.0
+        # lgtm_comment_body, max_comments, and annotations need to be set on the posting workflow in a split setup
+        with:
+          # adjust options as necessary
+          lgtm_comment_body: ''
+          annotations: false
+          max_comments: 25

.github/workflows/tidy-review.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+name: clang-tidy-review
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - master
+
+jobs:
+  clang-tidy-review:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+
+    - uses: ZedThree/clang-tidy-review@v0.13.0
+      id: review
+      with:
+        lgtm_comment_body: ''
+        build_dir: build
+        cmake_command: cmake . -B build -DCMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS=on
+        split_workflow: true
+
+    - uses: ZedThree/clang-tidy-review/upload@v0.13.0

.gitignore

@@ -1,23 +1,86 @@
 *.o
 *.a
+*.so
+*.gguf
+*.bin
+*.exe
+*.dll
+*.log
+*.gcov
+*.gcno
+*.gcda
+*.dot
+.DS_Store
+.build/
 .cache/
+.direnv/
+.envrc
+.swiftpm
+.venv
+.clang-tidy
 .vs/
 .vscode/
-.DS_Store
 
-build/
-build-em/
-build-debug/
-build-release/
-build-static/
-build-no-accel/
-build-sanitize-addr/
-build-sanitize-thread/
+lcov-report/
+gcovr-report/
+
+build*/
+out/
+tmp/
 
 models/*
+models-mnt
 
 /main
 /quantize
-
+/quantize-stats
+/result
+/perplexity
+/embedding
+/train-text-from-scratch
+/convert-llama2c-to-ggml
+/simple
+/benchmark-matmult
+/vdot
+/server
+/Pipfile
+/embd-input-test
+/gguf
+/gguf-llama-simple
+/libllama.so
+/llama-bench
+/baby-llama
+/beam-search
+/save-load-state
+build-info.h
 arm_neon.h
 compile_commands.json
+CMakeSettings.json
+
+__pycache__
+dist
+
+zig-out/
+zig-cache/
+
+ppl-*.txt
+qnt-*.txt
+perf-*.txt
+
+examples/jeopardy/results.txt
+
+poetry.lock
+poetry.toml
+
+# Test binaries
+tests/test-grammar-parser
+tests/test-llama-grammar
+tests/test-double-float
+tests/test-grad0
+tests/test-opt
+tests/test-quantize-fns
+tests/test-quantize-perf
+tests/test-sampling
+tests/test-tokenizer-0-llama
+tests/test-tokenizer-0-falcon
+tests/test-tokenizer-1

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# See https://pre-commit.com for more information
+# See https://pre-commit.com/hooks.html for more hooks
+exclude: prompts/.*.txt
+repos:
+- repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
+  rev: v3.2.0
+  hooks:
+  - id: trailing-whitespace
+  - id: end-of-file-fixer
+  - id: check-yaml
+  - id: check-added-large-files
+- repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/flake8
+  rev: 6.0.0
+  hooks:
+  -   id: flake8

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,648 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.12) # Don't bump this version for no reason
+project("llama.cpp" C CXX)
+
+set(CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS ON)
+
+if (NOT XCODE AND NOT MSVC AND NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
+    set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Release CACHE STRING "Build type" FORCE)
+    set_property(CACHE CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE PROPERTY STRINGS "Debug" "Release" "MinSizeRel" "RelWithDebInfo")
+endif()
+
+set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
+
+if(CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR STREQUAL CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR)
+    set(LLAMA_STANDALONE ON)
+
+    # configure project version
+    # TODO
+else()
+    set(LLAMA_STANDALONE OFF)
+endif()
+
+if (EMSCRIPTEN)
+    set(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS_DEFAULT OFF)
+
+    option(LLAMA_WASM_SINGLE_FILE "llama: embed WASM inside the generated llama.js" ON)
+else()
+    if (MINGW)
+        set(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS_DEFAULT OFF)
+    else()
+        set(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS_DEFAULT ON)
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+
+#
+# Option list
+#
+
+# general
+option(LLAMA_STATIC                     "llama: static link libraries"                          OFF)
+option(LLAMA_NATIVE                     "llama: enable -march=native flag"                      OFF)
+option(LLAMA_LTO                        "llama: enable link time optimization"                  OFF)
+
+# debug
+option(LLAMA_ALL_WARNINGS               "llama: enable all compiler warnings"                   ON)
+option(LLAMA_ALL_WARNINGS_3RD_PARTY     "llama: enable all compiler warnings in 3rd party libs" OFF)
+option(LLAMA_GPROF                      "llama: enable gprof"                                   OFF)
+
+# sanitizers
+option(LLAMA_SANITIZE_THREAD            "llama: enable thread sanitizer"                        OFF)
+option(LLAMA_SANITIZE_ADDRESS           "llama: enable address sanitizer"                       OFF)
+option(LLAMA_SANITIZE_UNDEFINED         "llama: enable undefined sanitizer"                     OFF)
+
+# instruction set specific
+option(LLAMA_AVX                        "llama: enable AVX"                                     ON)
+option(LLAMA_AVX2                       "llama: enable AVX2"                                    ON)
+option(LLAMA_AVX512                     "llama: enable AVX512"                                  OFF)
+option(LLAMA_AVX512_VBMI                "llama: enable AVX512-VBMI"                             OFF)
+option(LLAMA_AVX512_VNNI                "llama: enable AVX512-VNNI"                             OFF)
+option(LLAMA_FMA                        "llama: enable FMA"                                     ON)
+# in MSVC F16C is implied with AVX2/AVX512
+if (NOT MSVC)
+    option(LLAMA_F16C                   "llama: enable F16C"                                    ON)
+endif()
+
+# 3rd party libs
+option(LLAMA_ACCELERATE                      "llama: enable Accelerate framework"               ON)
+option(LLAMA_BLAS                            "llama: use BLAS"                                  OFF)
+set(LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR "Generic" CACHE STRING "llama: BLAS library vendor")
+option(LLAMA_CUBLAS                          "llama: use CUDA"                                  OFF)
+#option(LLAMA_CUDA_CUBLAS                     "llama: use cuBLAS for prompt processing"          OFF)
+option(LLAMA_CUDA_FORCE_DMMV                 "llama: use dmmv instead of mmvq CUDA kernels"     OFF)
+set(LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_X      "32" CACHE STRING "llama: x stride for dmmv CUDA kernels")
+set(LLAMA_CUDA_MMV_Y        "1" CACHE STRING "llama: y block size for mmv CUDA kernels")
+option(LLAMA_CUDA_F16                        "llama: use 16 bit floats for some calculations"   OFF)
+set(LLAMA_CUDA_KQUANTS_ITER "2" CACHE STRING "llama: iters./thread per block for Q2_K/Q6_K")
+option(LLAMA_HIPBLAS                         "llama: use hipBLAS"                               OFF)
+option(LLAMA_CLBLAST                         "llama: use CLBlast"                               OFF)
+option(LLAMA_METAL                           "llama: use Metal"                                 OFF)
+option(LLAMA_MPI                             "llama: use MPI"                                   OFF)
+option(LLAMA_K_QUANTS                        "llama: use k-quants"                              ON)
+option(LLAMA_QKK_64                          "llama: use super-block size of 64 for k-quants"   OFF)
+
+option(LLAMA_BUILD_TESTS                "llama: build tests"    ${LLAMA_STANDALONE})
+option(LLAMA_BUILD_EXAMPLES             "llama: build examples" ${LLAMA_STANDALONE})
+option(LLAMA_BUILD_SERVER               "llama: build server example"                           ON)
+
+#
+# Build info header
+#
+
+# Generate initial build-info.h
+include(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts/build-info.cmake)
+
+if(EXISTS "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/.git")
+    set(GIT_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/.git")
+
+    # Is git submodule
+    if(NOT IS_DIRECTORY "${GIT_DIR}")
+        file(READ ${GIT_DIR} REAL_GIT_DIR_LINK)
+        string(REGEX REPLACE "gitdir: (.*)\n$" "\\1" REAL_GIT_DIR ${REAL_GIT_DIR_LINK})
+        set(GIT_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${REAL_GIT_DIR}")
+    endif()
+
+    # Add a custom target for build-info.h
+    add_custom_target(BUILD_INFO ALL DEPENDS "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/build-info.h")
+
+    # Add a custom command to rebuild build-info.h when .git/index changes
+    add_custom_command(
+        OUTPUT "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/build-info.h"
+        COMMENT "Generating build details from Git"
+        COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -P "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts/build-info.cmake"
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
+        DEPENDS "${GIT_DIR}/index"
+        VERBATIM
+    )
+else()
+    message(WARNING "Git repository not found; to enable automatic generation of build info, make sure Git is installed and the project is a Git repository.")
+endif()
+
+#
+# Compile flags
+#
+
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED true)
+set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 11)
+set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD_REQUIRED true)
+set(THREADS_PREFER_PTHREAD_FLAG ON)
+find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
+
+if (NOT MSVC)
+    if (LLAMA_SANITIZE_THREAD)
+        add_compile_options(-fsanitize=thread)
+        link_libraries(-fsanitize=thread)
+    endif()
+
+    if (LLAMA_SANITIZE_ADDRESS)
+        add_compile_options(-fsanitize=address -fno-omit-frame-pointer)
+        link_libraries(-fsanitize=address)
+    endif()
+
+    if (LLAMA_SANITIZE_UNDEFINED)
+        add_compile_options(-fsanitize=undefined)
+        link_libraries(-fsanitize=undefined)
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+if (APPLE AND LLAMA_ACCELERATE)
+    find_library(ACCELERATE_FRAMEWORK Accelerate)
+    if (ACCELERATE_FRAMEWORK)
+        message(STATUS "Accelerate framework found")
+
+        add_compile_definitions(GGML_USE_ACCELERATE)
+        set(LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS} ${ACCELERATE_FRAMEWORK})
+    else()
+        message(WARNING "Accelerate framework not found")
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+if (LLAMA_BLAS)
+    if (LLAMA_STATIC)
+        set(BLA_STATIC ON)
+    endif()
+    if ($(CMAKE_VERSION) VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 3.22)
+        set(BLA_SIZEOF_INTEGER 8)
+    endif()
+
+    set(BLA_VENDOR ${LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR})
+    find_package(BLAS)
+
+    if (BLAS_FOUND)
+        message(STATUS "BLAS found, Libraries: ${BLAS_LIBRARIES}")
+
+        if ("${BLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS}" STREQUAL "")
+            # BLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS is missing in FindBLAS.cmake.
+            # see https://gitlab.kitware.com/cmake/cmake/-/issues/20268
+            find_package(PkgConfig REQUIRED)
+            if (${LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR} MATCHES "Generic")
+                pkg_check_modules(DepBLAS REQUIRED blas)
+            elseif (${LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR} MATCHES "OpenBLAS")
+                pkg_check_modules(DepBLAS REQUIRED openblas)
+            elseif (${LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR} MATCHES "FLAME")
+                pkg_check_modules(DepBLAS REQUIRED blis)
+            elseif (${LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR} MATCHES "ATLAS")
+                pkg_check_modules(DepBLAS REQUIRED blas-atlas)
+            elseif (${LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR} MATCHES "FlexiBLAS")
+                pkg_check_modules(DepBLAS REQUIRED flexiblas_api)
+            elseif (${LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR} MATCHES "Intel")
+                # all Intel* libraries share the same include path
+                pkg_check_modules(DepBLAS REQUIRED mkl-sdl)
+            elseif (${LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR} MATCHES "NVHPC")
+                # this doesn't provide pkg-config
+                # suggest to assign BLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS on your own
+                if ("${NVHPC_VERSION}" STREQUAL "")
+                    message(WARNING "Better to set NVHPC_VERSION")
+                else()
+                    set(DepBLAS_FOUND ON)
+                    set(DepBLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS "/opt/nvidia/hpc_sdk/${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME}_${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR}/${NVHPC_VERSION}/math_libs/include")
+                endif()
+            endif()
+            if (DepBLAS_FOUND)
+                set(BLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS ${DepBLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+            else()
+                message(WARNING "BLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS neither been provided nor been automatically"
+                " detected by pkgconfig, trying to find cblas.h from possible paths...")
+                find_path(BLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS
+                    NAMES cblas.h
+                    HINTS
+                        /usr/include
+                        /usr/local/include
+                        /usr/include/openblas
+                        /opt/homebrew/opt/openblas/include
+                        /usr/local/opt/openblas/include
+                        /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/openblas/include
+                )
+            endif()
+        endif()
+
+        message(STATUS "BLAS found, Includes: ${BLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
+        add_compile_options(${BLAS_LINKER_FLAGS})
+        add_compile_definitions(GGML_USE_OPENBLAS)
+        if (${BLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS} MATCHES "mkl" AND (${LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR} MATCHES "Generic" OR ${LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR} MATCHES "Intel"))
+            add_compile_definitions(GGML_BLAS_USE_MKL)
+        endif()
+        set(LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS} ${BLAS_LIBRARIES})
+        set(LLAMA_EXTRA_INCLUDES ${LLAMA_EXTRA_INCLUDES} ${BLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+
+    else()
+        message(WARNING "BLAS not found, please refer to "
+        "https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/module/FindBLAS.html#blas-lapack-vendors"
+        " to set correct LLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR")
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+if (LLAMA_K_QUANTS)
+    set(GGML_SOURCES_EXTRA ${GGML_SOURCES_EXTRA} k_quants.c k_quants.h)
+    add_compile_definitions(GGML_USE_K_QUANTS)
+    if (LLAMA_QKK_64)
+        add_compile_definitions(GGML_QKK_64)
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+if (LLAMA_CUBLAS)
+    cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.17)
+
+    find_package(CUDAToolkit)
+    if (CUDAToolkit_FOUND)
+        message(STATUS "cuBLAS found")
+
+        enable_language(CUDA)
+
+        set(GGML_SOURCES_CUDA ggml-cuda.cu ggml-cuda.h)
+
+        add_compile_definitions(GGML_USE_CUBLAS)
+#        if (LLAMA_CUDA_CUBLAS)
+#            add_compile_definitions(GGML_CUDA_CUBLAS)
+#        endif()
+        if (LLAMA_CUDA_FORCE_DMMV)
+            add_compile_definitions(GGML_CUDA_FORCE_DMMV)
+        endif()
+        add_compile_definitions(GGML_CUDA_DMMV_X=${LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_X})
+        add_compile_definitions(GGML_CUDA_MMV_Y=${LLAMA_CUDA_MMV_Y})
+        if (DEFINED LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_Y)
+            add_compile_definitions(GGML_CUDA_MMV_Y=${LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_Y}) # for backwards compatibility
+        endif()
+        if (LLAMA_CUDA_F16 OR LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_F16)
+            add_compile_definitions(GGML_CUDA_F16)
+        endif()
+        add_compile_definitions(K_QUANTS_PER_ITERATION=${LLAMA_CUDA_KQUANTS_ITER})
+
+        if (LLAMA_STATIC)
+            set(LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS} CUDA::cudart_static CUDA::cublas_static CUDA::cublasLt_static)
+        else()
+            set(LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS} CUDA::cudart CUDA::cublas CUDA::cublasLt)
+        endif()
+
+    if (NOT DEFINED CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES)
+        # 52 == lowest CUDA 12 standard
+        # 60 == f16 CUDA intrinsics
+        # 61 == integer CUDA intrinsics
+        # 70 == compute capability at which unrolling a loop in mul_mat_q kernels is faster
+        if (LLAMA_CUDA_F16 OR LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_F16)
+            set(CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES "60;61;70") # needed for f16 CUDA intrinsics
+        else()
+            set(CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES "52;61;70") # lowest CUDA 12 standard + lowest for integer intrinsics
+        endif()
+    endif()
+    message(STATUS "Using CUDA architectures: ${CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES}")
+
+    else()
+        message(WARNING "cuBLAS not found")
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+if (LLAMA_METAL)
+    find_library(FOUNDATION_LIBRARY         Foundation              REQUIRED)
+    find_library(METAL_FRAMEWORK            Metal                   REQUIRED)
+    find_library(METALKIT_FRAMEWORK         MetalKit                REQUIRED)
+
+    set(GGML_SOURCES_METAL ggml-metal.m ggml-metal.h)
+
+    add_compile_definitions(GGML_USE_METAL)
+    #add_compile_definitions(GGML_METAL_NDEBUG)
+
+    # get full path to the file
+    #add_compile_definitions(GGML_METAL_DIR_KERNELS="${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/")
+
+    # copy ggml-metal.metal to bin directory
+    configure_file(ggml-metal.metal bin/ggml-metal.metal COPYONLY)
+
+    set(LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS}
+        ${FOUNDATION_LIBRARY}
+        ${METAL_FRAMEWORK}
+        ${METALKIT_FRAMEWORK}
+        )
+endif()
+
+if (LLAMA_MPI)
+    cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
+    find_package(MPI)
+    if (MPI_C_FOUND)
+        message(STATUS "MPI found")
+        set(GGML_SOURCES_MPI ggml-mpi.c ggml-mpi.h)
+        add_compile_definitions(GGML_USE_MPI)
+        add_compile_definitions(${MPI_C_COMPILE_DEFINITIONS})
+        set(cxx_flags ${cxx_flags} -Wno-cast-qual)
+        set(c_flags   ${c_flags}   -Wno-cast-qual)
+        set(LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS     ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS}     ${MPI_C_LIBRARIES})
+        set(LLAMA_EXTRA_INCLUDES ${LLAMA_EXTRA_INCLUDES} ${MPI_C_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+        # Even if you're only using the C header, C++ programs may bring in MPI
+        # C++ functions, so more linkage is needed
+        if (MPI_CXX_FOUND)
+            set(LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS}     ${MPI_CXX_LIBRARIES})
+        endif()
+    else()
+        message(WARNING "MPI not found")
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+if (LLAMA_CLBLAST)
+    find_package(CLBlast)
+    if (CLBlast_FOUND)
+        message(STATUS "CLBlast found")
+
+        set(GGML_SOURCES_OPENCL ggml-opencl.cpp ggml-opencl.h)
+
+        add_compile_definitions(GGML_USE_CLBLAST)
+
+        set(LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS} clblast)
+    else()
+        message(WARNING "CLBlast not found")
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+if (LLAMA_HIPBLAS)
+    list(APPEND CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH /opt/rocm)
+
+    if (NOT ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER_ID} MATCHES "Clang")
+        message(WARNING "Only LLVM is supported for HIP, hint: CC=/opt/rocm/llvm/bin/clang")
+    endif()
+    if (NOT ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID} MATCHES "Clang")
+        message(WARNING "Only LLVM is supported for HIP, hint: CXX=/opt/rocm/llvm/bin/clang++")
+    endif()
+
+    find_package(hip)
+    find_package(hipblas)
+    find_package(rocblas)
+
+    if (${hipblas_FOUND} AND ${hip_FOUND})
+        message(STATUS "HIP and hipBLAS found")
+        add_compile_definitions(GGML_USE_HIPBLAS GGML_USE_CUBLAS)
+        add_library(ggml-rocm OBJECT ggml-cuda.cu ggml-cuda.h)
+        if (LLAMA_CUDA_FORCE_DMMV)
+            target_compile_definitions(ggml-rocm PRIVATE GGML_CUDA_FORCE_DMMV)
+        endif()
+        target_compile_definitions(ggml-rocm PRIVATE GGML_CUDA_DMMV_X=${LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_X})
+        target_compile_definitions(ggml-rocm PRIVATE GGML_CUDA_MMV_Y=${LLAMA_CUDA_MMV_Y})
+        target_compile_definitions(ggml-rocm PRIVATE K_QUANTS_PER_ITERATION=${LLAMA_CUDA_KQUANTS_ITER})
+        target_compile_definitions(ggml-rocm PRIVATE CC_TURING=1000000000)
+        set_source_files_properties(ggml-cuda.cu PROPERTIES LANGUAGE CXX)
+        target_link_libraries(ggml-rocm PRIVATE hip::device PUBLIC hip::host roc::rocblas roc::hipblas)
+
+        if (LLAMA_STATIC)
+            message(FATAL_ERROR "Static linking not supported for HIP/ROCm")
+        endif()
+        set(LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS} ggml-rocm)
+    else()
+        message(WARNING "hipBLAS or HIP not found. Try setting CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/opt/rocm")
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+if (LLAMA_ALL_WARNINGS)
+    if (NOT MSVC)
+        set(c_flags
+            -Wall
+            -Wextra
+            -Wpedantic
+            -Wcast-qual
+            -Wdouble-promotion
+            -Wshadow
+            -Wstrict-prototypes
+            -Wpointer-arith
+            -Wmissing-prototypes
+            -Werror=implicit-int
+            -Wno-unused-function
+        )
+        set(cxx_flags
+            -Wall
+            -Wextra
+            -Wpedantic
+            -Wcast-qual
+            -Wno-unused-function
+            -Wno-multichar
+        )
+        if (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "GNU")
+            # g++ only
+            set(cxx_flags ${cxx_flags} -Wno-format-truncation)
+        endif()
+    else()
+        # todo : msvc
+    endif()
+
+    add_compile_options(
+            "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:C>:${c_flags}>"
+            "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:${cxx_flags}>"
+    )
+
+endif()
+
+if (MSVC)
+    add_compile_definitions(_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS)
+
+    if (BUILD_SHARED_LIBS)
+        set(CMAKE_WINDOWS_EXPORT_ALL_SYMBOLS ON)
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+if (LLAMA_LTO)
+    include(CheckIPOSupported)
+    check_ipo_supported(RESULT result OUTPUT output)
+    if (result)
+        set(CMAKE_INTERPROCEDURAL_OPTIMIZATION TRUE)
+    else()
+        message(WARNING "IPO is not supported: ${output}")
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+# Architecture specific
+# TODO: probably these flags need to be tweaked on some architectures
+#       feel free to update the Makefile for your architecture and send a pull request or issue
+message(STATUS "CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR: ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR}")
+if (NOT MSVC)
+    if (LLAMA_STATIC)
+        add_link_options(-static)
+        if (MINGW)
+            add_link_options(-static-libgcc -static-libstdc++)
+        endif()
+    endif()
+    if (LLAMA_GPROF)
+        add_compile_options(-pg)
+    endif()
+    if (LLAMA_NATIVE)
+        add_compile_options(-march=native)
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+if (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR} MATCHES "arm" OR ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR} MATCHES "aarch64")
+    message(STATUS "ARM detected")
+    if (MSVC)
+        # TODO: arm msvc?
+    else()
+        if (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR} MATCHES "armv6")
+            # Raspberry Pi 1, Zero
+            add_compile_options(-mfpu=neon-fp-armv8 -mfp16-format=ieee -mno-unaligned-access)
+        endif()
+        if (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR} MATCHES "armv7")
+            # Raspberry Pi 2
+            add_compile_options(-mfpu=neon-fp-armv8 -mfp16-format=ieee -mno-unaligned-access -funsafe-math-optimizations)
+        endif()
+        if (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR} MATCHES "armv8")
+            # Raspberry Pi 3, 4, Zero 2 (32-bit)
+            add_compile_options(-mfp16-format=ieee -mno-unaligned-access)
+        endif()
+    endif()
+elseif (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR} MATCHES "^(x86_64|i686|AMD64)$")
+    message(STATUS "x86 detected")
+    if (MSVC)
+        if (LLAMA_AVX512)
+            add_compile_options($<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:C>:/arch:AVX512>)
+            add_compile_options($<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:/arch:AVX512>)
+            # MSVC has no compile-time flags enabling specific
+            # AVX512 extensions, neither it defines the
+            # macros corresponding to the extensions.
+            # Do it manually.
+            if (LLAMA_AVX512_VBMI)
+                add_compile_definitions($<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:C>:__AVX512VBMI__>)
+                add_compile_definitions($<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:__AVX512VBMI__>)
+            endif()
+            if (LLAMA_AVX512_VNNI)
+                add_compile_definitions($<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:C>:__AVX512VNNI__>)
+                add_compile_definitions($<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:__AVX512VNNI__>)
+            endif()
+        elseif (LLAMA_AVX2)
+            add_compile_options($<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:C>:/arch:AVX2>)
+            add_compile_options($<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:/arch:AVX2>)
+        elseif (LLAMA_AVX)
+            add_compile_options($<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:C>:/arch:AVX>)
+            add_compile_options($<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:/arch:AVX>)
+        endif()
+    else()
+        if (LLAMA_F16C)
+            add_compile_options(-mf16c)
+        endif()
+        if (LLAMA_FMA)
+            add_compile_options(-mfma)
+        endif()
+        if (LLAMA_AVX)
+            add_compile_options(-mavx)
+        endif()
+        if (LLAMA_AVX2)
+            add_compile_options(-mavx2)
+        endif()
+        if (LLAMA_AVX512)
+            add_compile_options(-mavx512f)
+            add_compile_options(-mavx512bw)
+        endif()
+        if (LLAMA_AVX512_VBMI)
+            add_compile_options(-mavx512vbmi)
+        endif()
+        if (LLAMA_AVX512_VNNI)
+            add_compile_options(-mavx512vnni)
+        endif()
+    endif()
+elseif (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR} MATCHES "ppc64")
+    message(STATUS "PowerPC detected")
+    add_compile_options(-mcpu=native -mtune=native)
+    #TODO: Add  targets for Power8/Power9 (Altivec/VSX) and Power10(MMA) and query for big endian systems (ppc64/le/be)
+else()
+    message(STATUS "Unknown architecture")
+endif()
+
+#
+# libraries
+#
+
+# ggml
+
+add_library(ggml OBJECT
+            ggml.c
+            ggml.h
+            ggml-alloc.c
+            ggml-alloc.h
+            ${GGML_SOURCES_CUDA}
+            ${GGML_SOURCES_OPENCL}
+            ${GGML_SOURCES_METAL}
+            ${GGML_SOURCES_MPI}
+            ${GGML_SOURCES_EXTRA}
+            )
+
+target_include_directories(ggml PUBLIC . ${LLAMA_EXTRA_INCLUDES})
+target_compile_features(ggml PUBLIC c_std_11) # don't bump
+target_link_libraries(ggml PUBLIC Threads::Threads ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS})
+
+add_library(ggml_static STATIC $<TARGET_OBJECTS:ggml>)
+if (BUILD_SHARED_LIBS)
+    set_target_properties(ggml PROPERTIES POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON)
+    add_library(ggml_shared SHARED $<TARGET_OBJECTS:ggml>)
+    target_link_libraries(ggml_shared PUBLIC Threads::Threads ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS})
+    install(TARGETS ggml_shared LIBRARY)
+endif()
+
+# llama
+
+add_library(llama
+            llama.cpp
+            llama.h
+            )
+
+target_include_directories(llama PUBLIC .)
+target_compile_features(llama PUBLIC cxx_std_11) # don't bump
+target_link_libraries(llama PRIVATE
+    ggml
+    ${LLAMA_EXTRA_LIBS}
+    )
+
+if (BUILD_SHARED_LIBS)
+    set_target_properties(llama PROPERTIES POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON)
+    target_compile_definitions(llama PRIVATE LLAMA_SHARED LLAMA_BUILD)
+    if (LLAMA_METAL)
+        set_target_properties(llama PROPERTIES RESOURCE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/ggml-metal.metal")
+    endif()
+    install(TARGETS llama LIBRARY)
+endif()
+
+#
+# install
+#
+
+include(GNUInstallDirs)
+install(
+    FILES convert.py
+    PERMISSIONS
+        OWNER_READ
+        OWNER_WRITE
+        OWNER_EXECUTE
+        GROUP_READ
+        GROUP_EXECUTE
+        WORLD_READ
+        WORLD_EXECUTE
+    DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
+install(
+    FILES convert-lora-to-ggml.py
+    PERMISSIONS
+        OWNER_READ
+        OWNER_WRITE
+        OWNER_EXECUTE
+        GROUP_READ
+        GROUP_EXECUTE
+        WORLD_READ
+        WORLD_EXECUTE
+    DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
+if (LLAMA_METAL)
+    install(
+        FILES ggml-metal.metal
+        PERMISSIONS
+            OWNER_READ
+            OWNER_WRITE
+            GROUP_READ
+            WORLD_READ
+        DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
+endif()
+
+#
+# programs, examples and tests
+#
+
+add_subdirectory(common)
+
+if (LLAMA_BUILD_TESTS AND NOT CMAKE_JS_VERSION)
+    include(CTest)
+    add_subdirectory(tests)
+endif ()
+
+if (LLAMA_BUILD_EXAMPLES)
+    add_subdirectory(examples)
+    add_subdirectory(pocs)
+endif()

Makefile

@@ -1,3 +1,43 @@
+# Define the default target now so that it is always the first target
+BUILD_TARGETS = main quantize quantize-stats perplexity embedding vdot train-text-from-scratch convert-llama2c-to-ggml simple save-load-state server embd-input-test gguf llama-bench baby-llama beam-search tests/test-c.o
+
+# Binaries only useful for tests
+TEST_TARGETS = tests/test-llama-grammar tests/test-grammar-parser tests/test-double-float tests/test-grad0 tests/test-opt tests/test-quantize-fns tests/test-quantize-perf tests/test-sampling tests/test-tokenizer-0-llama tests/test-tokenizer-0-falcon tests/test-tokenizer-1
+
+# Code coverage output files
+COV_TARGETS = *.gcno tests/*.gcno *.gcda tests/*.gcda *.gcov tests/*.gcov lcov-report gcovr-report
+
+default: $(BUILD_TARGETS)
+
+test:
+	@echo "Running tests..."
+	@for test_target in $(TEST_TARGETS); do \
+		if [ "$$test_target" = "tests/test-tokenizer-0-llama" ]; then \
+			./$$test_target $(CURDIR)/models/ggml-vocab-llama.gguf; \
+		elif [ "$$test_target" = "tests/test-tokenizer-0-falcon" ]; then \
+			continue; \
+		elif [ "$$test_target" = "tests/test-tokenizer-1" ]; then \
+			continue; \
+		else \
+			./$$test_target; \
+		fi; \
+	done
+	@echo "All tests have been run."
+
+all: $(BUILD_TARGETS) $(TEST_TARGETS)
+
+coverage: ## Run code coverage
+	gcov -pb tests/*.cpp
+
+lcov-report: coverage ## Generate lcov report
+	mkdir -p lcov-report
+	lcov --capture --directory . --output-file lcov-report/coverage.info
+	genhtml lcov-report/coverage.info --output-directory lcov-report
+
+gcovr-report: coverage ## Generate gcovr report
+	mkdir -p gcovr-report
+	gcovr --root . --html --html-details --output gcovr-report/coverage.html
+
 ifndef UNAME_S
 UNAME_S := $(shell uname -s)
 endif
@@ -10,6 +50,11 @@ ifndef UNAME_M
 UNAME_M := $(shell uname -m)
 endif
 
+ifdef RISCV_CROSS_COMPILE
+CC	:= riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc
+CXX	:= riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-g++
+endif
+
 CCV := $(shell $(CC) --version | head -n 1)
 CXXV := $(shell $(CXX) --version | head -n 1)
 
@@ -17,7 +62,7 @@ CXXV := $(shell $(CXX) --version | head -n 1)
 # ref: https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp/issues/66#issuecomment-1282546789
 ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Darwin)
 	ifneq ($(UNAME_P),arm)
-		SYSCTL_M := $(shell sysctl -n hw.optional.arm64)
+		SYSCTL_M := $(shell sysctl -n hw.optional.arm64 2>/dev/null)
 		ifeq ($(SYSCTL_M),1)
 			# UNAME_P := arm
 			# UNAME_M := arm64
@@ -30,132 +75,306 @@ endif
 # Compile flags
 #
 
-CFLAGS   = -I.              -O3 -DNDEBUG -std=c11   -fPIC
-CXXFLAGS = -I. -I./examples -O3 -DNDEBUG -std=c++11 -fPIC
-LDFLAGS  =
+# keep standard at C11 and C++11
+# -Ofast tends to produce faster code, but may not be available for some compilers.
+ifdef LLAMA_FAST
+OPT = -Ofast
+else
+OPT = -O3
+endif
+MK_CPPFLAGS = -I. -Icommon
+MK_CFLAGS   = $(CPPFLAGS) $(OPT) -std=c11   -fPIC
+MK_CXXFLAGS = $(CPPFLAGS) $(OPT) -std=c++11 -fPIC
+MK_LDFLAGS  =
+
+ifdef LLAMA_DEBUG
+	MK_CFLAGS   += -O0 -g
+	MK_CXXFLAGS += -O0 -g
+	MK_LDFLAGS  += -g
+else
+	MK_CPPFLAGS += -DNDEBUG
+endif
+
+ifdef LLAMA_SERVER_VERBOSE
+	MK_CPPFLAGS += -DSERVER_VERBOSE=$(LLAMA_SERVER_VERBOSE)
+endif
+
+
+ifdef LLAMA_CODE_COVERAGE
+	CXXFLAGS += -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage -dumpbase ''
+endif
+
+ifdef LLAMA_DISABLE_LOGS
+	CFLAGS   += -DLOG_DISABLE_LOGS
+	CXXFLAGS += -DLOG_DISABLE_LOGS
+endif # LLAMA_DISABLE_LOGS
+
+# warnings
+MK_CFLAGS    += -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic -Wcast-qual -Wdouble-promotion -Wshadow -Wstrict-prototypes -Wpointer-arith \
+				-Wmissing-prototypes -Werror=implicit-int -Wno-unused-function
+MK_CXXFLAGS  += -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic -Wcast-qual -Wno-unused-function -Wno-multichar
+
+ifeq '' '$(findstring clang++,$(CXX))'
+	# g++ only
+	CXXFLAGS += -Wno-format-truncation
+endif
 
 # OS specific
 # TODO: support Windows
-ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Linux)
-	CFLAGS   += -pthread
-	CXXFLAGS += -pthread
+ifneq '' '$(filter $(UNAME_S),Linux Darwin FreeBSD NetBSD OpenBSD Haiku)'
+	MK_CFLAGS   += -pthread
+	MK_CXXFLAGS += -pthread
 endif
-ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Darwin)
-	CFLAGS   += -pthread
-	CXXFLAGS += -pthread
+
+# detect Windows
+ifneq ($(findstring _NT,$(UNAME_S)),)
+	_WIN32 := 1
 endif
-ifeq ($(UNAME_S),FreeBSD)
-	CFLAGS   += -pthread
-	CXXFLAGS += -pthread
+
+# library name prefix
+ifneq ($(_WIN32),1)
+	LIB_PRE := lib
 endif
-ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Haiku)
-	CFLAGS   += -pthread
-	CXXFLAGS += -pthread
+
+# Dynamic Shared Object extension
+ifneq ($(_WIN32),1)
+	DSO_EXT := .so
+else
+	DSO_EXT := .dll
+endif
+
+# Windows Sockets 2 (Winsock) for network-capable apps
+ifeq ($(_WIN32),1)
+	LWINSOCK2 := -lws2_32
+endif
+
+ifdef LLAMA_GPROF
+	MK_CFLAGS   += -pg
+	MK_CXXFLAGS += -pg
+endif
+ifdef LLAMA_PERF
+	MK_CPPFLAGS += -DGGML_PERF
 endif
 
 # Architecture specific
 # TODO: probably these flags need to be tweaked on some architectures
 #       feel free to update the Makefile for your architecture and send a pull request or issue
-ifeq ($(UNAME_M),$(filter $(UNAME_M),x86_64 i686))
-	ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Darwin)
-		CFLAGS += -mf16c
-		AVX1_M := $(shell sysctl machdep.cpu.features)
-		ifneq (,$(findstring FMA,$(AVX1_M)))
-			CFLAGS += -mfma
-		endif
-		ifneq (,$(findstring AVX1.0,$(AVX1_M)))
-			CFLAGS += -mavx
-		endif
-		AVX2_M := $(shell sysctl machdep.cpu.leaf7_features)
-		ifneq (,$(findstring AVX2,$(AVX2_M)))
-			CFLAGS += -mavx2
-		endif
-	else ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Linux)
-		AVX1_M := $(shell grep "avx " /proc/cpuinfo)
-		ifneq (,$(findstring avx,$(AVX1_M)))
-			CFLAGS += -mavx
-		endif
-		AVX2_M := $(shell grep "avx2 " /proc/cpuinfo)
-		ifneq (,$(findstring avx2,$(AVX2_M)))
-			CFLAGS += -mavx2
-		endif
-		FMA_M := $(shell grep "fma " /proc/cpuinfo)
-		ifneq (,$(findstring fma,$(FMA_M)))
-			CFLAGS += -mfma
-		endif
-		F16C_M := $(shell grep "f16c " /proc/cpuinfo)
-		ifneq (,$(findstring f16c,$(F16C_M)))
-			CFLAGS += -mf16c
-		endif
-		SSE3_M := $(shell grep "sse3 " /proc/cpuinfo)
-		ifneq (,$(findstring sse3,$(SSE3_M)))
-			CFLAGS += -msse3
-		endif
-	else ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Haiku)
-		AVX1_M := $(shell sysinfo -cpu | grep "AVX ")
-		ifneq (,$(findstring avx,$(AVX1_M)))
-			CFLAGS += -mavx
-		endif
-		AVX2_M := $(shell sysinfo -cpu | grep "AVX2 ")
-		ifneq (,$(findstring avx2,$(AVX2_M)))
-			CFLAGS += -mavx2
-		endif
-		FMA_M := $(shell sysinfo -cpu | grep "FMA ")
-		ifneq (,$(findstring fma,$(FMA_M)))
-			CFLAGS += -mfma
-		endif
-		F16C_M := $(shell sysinfo -cpu | grep "F16C ")
-		ifneq (,$(findstring f16c,$(F16C_M)))
-			CFLAGS += -mf16c
-		endif
-	else
-		CFLAGS += -mfma -mf16c -mavx -mavx2
-	endif
+
+ifndef RISCV
+
+ifeq ($(UNAME_M),$(filter $(UNAME_M),x86_64 i686 amd64))
+	# Use all CPU extensions that are available:
+	MK_CFLAGS   += -march=native -mtune=native
+	MK_CXXFLAGS += -march=native -mtune=native
+
+	# Usage AVX-only
+	#MK_CFLAGS   += -mfma -mf16c -mavx
+	#MK_CXXFLAGS += -mfma -mf16c -mavx
+
+	# Usage SSSE3-only (Not is SSE3!)
+	#MK_CFLAGS   += -mssse3
+	#MK_CXXFLAGS += -mssse3
 endif
-ifeq ($(UNAME_M),amd64)
-	CFLAGS += -mavx -mavx2 -mfma -mf16c
+
+# The stack is only 16-byte aligned on Windows, so don't let gcc emit aligned moves.
+# https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54412
+# https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/issues/2922
+ifneq '' '$(findstring mingw,$(shell $(CC) -dumpmachine))'
+	CFLAGS   += -Xassembler -muse-unaligned-vector-move
+	CXXFLAGS += -Xassembler -muse-unaligned-vector-move
 endif
+
+ifneq ($(filter aarch64%,$(UNAME_M)),)
+	# Apple M1, M2, etc.
+	# Raspberry Pi 3, 4, Zero 2 (64-bit)
+	MK_CFLAGS   += -mcpu=native
+	MK_CXXFLAGS += -mcpu=native
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(filter armv6%,$(UNAME_M)),)
+	# Raspberry Pi 1, Zero
+	MK_CFLAGS   += -mfpu=neon-fp-armv8 -mfp16-format=ieee -mno-unaligned-access
+	MK_CXXFLAGS += -mfpu=neon-fp-armv8 -mfp16-format=ieee -mno-unaligned-access
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(filter armv7%,$(UNAME_M)),)
+	# Raspberry Pi 2
+	MK_CFLAGS   += -mfpu=neon-fp-armv8 -mfp16-format=ieee -mno-unaligned-access -funsafe-math-optimizations
+	MK_CXXFLAGS += -mfpu=neon-fp-armv8 -mfp16-format=ieee -mno-unaligned-access -funsafe-math-optimizations
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(filter armv8%,$(UNAME_M)),)
+	# Raspberry Pi 3, 4, Zero 2 (32-bit)
+	MK_CFLAGS   += -mfp16-format=ieee -mno-unaligned-access
+	MK_CXXFLAGS += -mfp16-format=ieee -mno-unaligned-access
+endif
+
 ifneq ($(filter ppc64%,$(UNAME_M)),)
 	POWER9_M := $(shell grep "POWER9" /proc/cpuinfo)
 	ifneq (,$(findstring POWER9,$(POWER9_M)))
-		CFLAGS += -mpower9-vector
-	endif
-	# Require c++23's std::byteswap for big-endian support.
-	ifeq ($(UNAME_M),ppc64)
-		CXXFLAGS += -std=c++23 -DGGML_BIG_ENDIAN
+		MK_CFLAGS   += -mcpu=power9
+		MK_CXXFLAGS += -mcpu=power9
 	endif
 endif
+
+else
+	CFLAGS += -march=rv64gcv -mabi=lp64d
+	CXXFLAGS +=  -march=rv64gcv -mabi=lp64d
+endif
+
+ifndef LLAMA_NO_K_QUANTS
+	MK_CPPFLAGS += -DGGML_USE_K_QUANTS
+	OBJS     += k_quants.o
+ifdef LLAMA_QKK_64
+	MK_CPPFLAGS += -DGGML_QKK_64
+endif
+endif
+
 ifndef LLAMA_NO_ACCELERATE
-	# Mac M1 - include Accelerate framework
+	# Mac M1 - include Accelerate framework.
+	# `-framework Accelerate` works on Mac Intel as well, with negliable performance boost (as of the predict time).
 	ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Darwin)
-		CFLAGS  += -DGGML_USE_ACCELERATE
-		LDFLAGS += -framework Accelerate
+		MK_CPPFLAGS += -DGGML_USE_ACCELERATE
+		MK_LDFLAGS  += -framework Accelerate
 	endif
-endif
+endif # LLAMA_NO_ACCELERATE
+
+ifdef LLAMA_MPI
+	MK_CPPFLAGS += -DGGML_USE_MPI
+	MK_CFLAGS   += -Wno-cast-qual
+	MK_CXXFLAGS += -Wno-cast-qual
+	OBJS     += ggml-mpi.o
+endif # LLAMA_MPI
+
 ifdef LLAMA_OPENBLAS
-	CFLAGS  += -DGGML_USE_OPENBLAS -I/usr/local/include/openblas
-	LDFLAGS += -lopenblas
+	MK_CPPFLAGS += -DGGML_USE_OPENBLAS $(shell pkg-config --cflags-only-I openblas)
+	MK_CFLAGS   += $(shell pkg-config --cflags-only-other openblas)
+	MK_LDFLAGS  += $(shell pkg-config --libs openblas)
+endif # LLAMA_OPENBLAS
+
+ifdef LLAMA_BLIS
+	MK_CPPFLAGS += -DGGML_USE_OPENBLAS -I/usr/local/include/blis -I/usr/include/blis
+	MK_LDFLAGS  += -lblis -L/usr/local/lib
+endif # LLAMA_BLIS
+
+ifdef LLAMA_CUBLAS
+	MK_CPPFLAGS  += -DGGML_USE_CUBLAS -I/usr/local/cuda/include -I/opt/cuda/include -I$(CUDA_PATH)/targets/x86_64-linux/include
+	MK_LDFLAGS   += -lcublas -lculibos -lcudart -lcublasLt -lpthread -ldl -lrt -L/usr/local/cuda/lib64 -L/opt/cuda/lib64 -L$(CUDA_PATH)/targets/x86_64-linux/lib
+	OBJS      += ggml-cuda.o
+	NVCCFLAGS = --forward-unknown-to-host-compiler -use_fast_math
+ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_NVCC
+	NVCC = $(LLAMA_CUDA_NVCC)
+else
+	NVCC = nvcc
+endif #LLAMA_CUDA_NVCC
+ifdef CUDA_DOCKER_ARCH
+	NVCCFLAGS += -Wno-deprecated-gpu-targets -arch=$(CUDA_DOCKER_ARCH)
+else
+	NVCCFLAGS += -arch=native
+endif # CUDA_DOCKER_ARCH
+ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_FORCE_DMMV
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_FORCE_DMMV
+endif # LLAMA_CUDA_FORCE_DMMV
+ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_X
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_DMMV_X=$(LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_X)
+else
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_DMMV_X=32
+endif # LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_X
+ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_MMV_Y
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_MMV_Y=$(LLAMA_CUDA_MMV_Y)
+else ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_Y
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_MMV_Y=$(LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_Y) # for backwards compatibility
+else
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_MMV_Y=1
+endif # LLAMA_CUDA_MMV_Y
+ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_F16
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_F16
+endif # LLAMA_CUDA_F16
+ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_F16
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_F16
+endif # LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_F16
+ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_KQUANTS_ITER
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DK_QUANTS_PER_ITERATION=$(LLAMA_CUDA_KQUANTS_ITER)
+else
+	NVCCFLAGS += -DK_QUANTS_PER_ITERATION=2
 endif
-ifdef LLAMA_GPROF
-	CFLAGS   += -pg
-	CXXFLAGS += -pg
-endif
-ifneq ($(filter aarch64%,$(UNAME_M)),)
-	CFLAGS += -mcpu=native
-	CXXFLAGS += -mcpu=native
-endif
-ifneq ($(filter armv6%,$(UNAME_M)),)
-	# Raspberry Pi 1, 2, 3
-	CFLAGS += -mfpu=neon-fp-armv8 -mfp16-format=ieee -mno-unaligned-access
-endif
-ifneq ($(filter armv7%,$(UNAME_M)),)
-	# Raspberry Pi 4
-	CFLAGS += -mfpu=neon-fp-armv8 -mfp16-format=ieee -mno-unaligned-access -funsafe-math-optimizations
-endif
-ifneq ($(filter armv8%,$(UNAME_M)),)
-	# Raspberry Pi 4
-	CFLAGS += -mfp16-format=ieee -mno-unaligned-access
+#ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_CUBLAS
+#	NVCCFLAGS += -DGGML_CUDA_CUBLAS
+#endif # LLAMA_CUDA_CUBLAS
+ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_CCBIN
+	NVCCFLAGS += -ccbin $(LLAMA_CUDA_CCBIN)
 endif
+ggml-cuda.o: ggml-cuda.cu ggml-cuda.h
+	$(NVCC) $(NVCCFLAGS) $(subst -Ofast,-O3,$(CXXFLAGS)) -Wno-pedantic -c $< -o $@
+endif # LLAMA_CUBLAS
+
+ifdef LLAMA_CLBLAST
+
+	MK_CPPFLAGS += -DGGML_USE_CLBLAST $(shell pkg-config --cflags-only-I clblast OpenCL)
+	MK_CFLAGS   += $(shell pkg-config --cflags-only-other clblast OpenCL)
+	MK_CXXFLAGS += $(shell pkg-config --cflags-only-other clblast OpenCL)
+
+	# Mac provides OpenCL as a framework
+	ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Darwin)
+		MK_LDFLAGS += -lclblast -framework OpenCL
+	else
+		MK_LDFLAGS += $(shell pkg-config --libs clblast OpenCL)
+	endif
+	OBJS    += ggml-opencl.o
+
+ggml-opencl.o: ggml-opencl.cpp ggml-opencl.h
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
+endif # LLAMA_CLBLAST
+
+ifdef LLAMA_HIPBLAS
+	ROCM_PATH	?= /opt/rocm
+	HIPCC	    ?= $(ROCM_PATH)/bin/hipcc
+	GPU_TARGETS ?= $(shell $(ROCM_PATH)/llvm/bin/amdgpu-arch)
+	LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_X       ?= 32
+	LLAMA_CUDA_MMV_Y        ?= 1
+	LLAMA_CUDA_KQUANTS_ITER ?= 2
+	MK_CPPFLAGS += -DGGML_USE_HIPBLAS -DGGML_USE_CUBLAS
+	MK_LDFLAGS  += -L$(ROCM_PATH)/lib -Wl,-rpath=$(ROCM_PATH)/lib
+	MK_LDFLAGS	+= -lhipblas -lamdhip64 -lrocblas
+	HIPFLAGS    += $(addprefix --offload-arch=,$(GPU_TARGETS))
+	HIPFLAGS    += -DGGML_CUDA_DMMV_X=$(LLAMA_CUDA_DMMV_X)
+	HIPFLAGS    += -DGGML_CUDA_MMV_Y=$(LLAMA_CUDA_MMV_Y)
+	HIPFLAGS    += -DK_QUANTS_PER_ITERATION=$(LLAMA_CUDA_KQUANTS_ITER)
+	HIPFLAGS    += -DCC_TURING=1000000000
+ifdef LLAMA_CUDA_FORCE_DMMV
+	HIPFLAGS 	+= -DGGML_CUDA_FORCE_DMMV
+endif # LLAMA_CUDA_FORCE_DMMV
+	OBJS        += ggml-cuda.o
+ggml-cuda.o: ggml-cuda.cu ggml-cuda.h
+	$(HIPCC) $(CXXFLAGS) $(HIPFLAGS) -x hip -c -o $@ $<
+endif # LLAMA_HIPBLAS
+
+ifdef LLAMA_METAL
+	MK_CPPFLAGS += -DGGML_USE_METAL #-DGGML_METAL_NDEBUG
+	MK_LDFLAGS  += -framework Foundation -framework Metal -framework MetalKit
+	OBJS		+= ggml-metal.o
+endif # LLAMA_METAL
+
+ifdef LLAMA_METAL
+ggml-metal.o: ggml-metal.m ggml-metal.h
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
+endif # LLAMA_METAL
+
+ifdef LLAMA_MPI
+ggml-mpi.o: ggml-mpi.c ggml-mpi.h
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
+endif # LLAMA_MPI
+
+ifndef LLAMA_NO_K_QUANTS
+k_quants.o: k_quants.c k_quants.h
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
+endif # LLAMA_NO_K_QUANTS
+
+# combine build flags with cmdline overrides
+override CPPFLAGS := $(MK_CPPFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS)
+override CFLAGS   := $(MK_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS)
+override CXXFLAGS := $(MK_CXXFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS)
+override LDFLAGS  := $(MK_LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS)
 
 #
 # Print build information
@@ -172,32 +391,154 @@ $(info I CC:       $(CCV))
 $(info I CXX:      $(CXXV))
 $(info )
 
-default: main quantize
-
 #
 # Build library
 #
 
-ggml.o: ggml.c ggml.h
-	$(CC)  $(CFLAGS)   -c ggml.c -o ggml.o
+ggml.o: ggml.c ggml.h ggml-cuda.h
+	$(CC)  $(CFLAGS)   -c $< -o $@
 
-utils.o: utils.cpp utils.h
-	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c utils.cpp -o utils.o
+ggml-alloc.o: ggml-alloc.c ggml.h ggml-alloc.h
+	$(CC)  $(CFLAGS)   -c $< -o $@
+
+OBJS += ggml-alloc.o
+
+llama.o: llama.cpp ggml.h ggml-alloc.h ggml-cuda.h ggml-metal.h llama.h
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
+
+common.o: common/common.cpp common/common.h build-info.h common/log.h
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
+
+console.o: common/console.cpp common/console.h
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
+
+grammar-parser.o: common/grammar-parser.cpp common/grammar-parser.h
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
+
+libllama.so: llama.o ggml.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -shared -fPIC -o $@ $^ $(LDFLAGS)
 
 clean:
-	rm -f *.o main quantize
+	rm -vrf *.o tests/*.o *.so *.dll benchmark-matmult build-info.h *.dot $(COV_TARGETS) $(BUILD_TARGETS) $(TEST_TARGETS)
 
-main: main.cpp ggml.o utils.o
-	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) main.cpp ggml.o utils.o -o main $(LDFLAGS)
-	./main -h
+#
+# Examples
+#
 
-quantize: quantize.cpp ggml.o utils.o
-	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) quantize.cpp ggml.o utils.o -o quantize $(LDFLAGS)
+main: examples/main/main.cpp                                  build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o console.o grammar-parser.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+	@echo
+	@echo '====  Run ./main -h for help.  ===='
+	@echo
+
+simple: examples/simple/simple.cpp                            build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+quantize: examples/quantize/quantize.cpp                      build-info.h ggml.o llama.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+quantize-stats: examples/quantize-stats/quantize-stats.cpp    build-info.h ggml.o llama.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+perplexity: examples/perplexity/perplexity.cpp                build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+embedding: examples/embedding/embedding.cpp                   build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+save-load-state: examples/save-load-state/save-load-state.cpp build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+server: examples/server/server.cpp examples/server/httplib.h examples/server/json.hpp examples/server/index.html.hpp examples/server/index.js.hpp examples/server/completion.js.hpp build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o grammar-parser.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -Iexamples/server $(filter-out %.h,$(filter-out %.hpp,$^)) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) $(LWINSOCK2)
+
+$(LIB_PRE)embdinput$(DSO_EXT): examples/embd-input/embd-input.h examples/embd-input/embd-input-lib.cpp build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) --shared $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$(filter-out %.hpp,$^)) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+
+embd-input-test: $(LIB_PRE)embdinput$(DSO_EXT) examples/embd-input/embd-input-test.cpp build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %$(DSO_EXT),$(filter-out %.h,$(filter-out %.hpp,$^))) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) -L. -lembdinput
+
+gguf: examples/gguf/gguf.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+train-text-from-scratch: examples/train-text-from-scratch/train-text-from-scratch.cpp ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+convert-llama2c-to-ggml: examples/convert-llama2c-to-ggml/convert-llama2c-to-ggml.cpp ggml.o llama.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+llama-bench: examples/llama-bench/llama-bench.cpp build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+baby-llama: examples/baby-llama/baby-llama.cpp ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+beam-search: examples/beam-search/beam-search.cpp build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+ifneq '' '$(or $(filter clean,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),$(LLAMA_METAL))'
+BUILD_TARGETS += metal
+endif
+
+ifdef LLAMA_METAL
+metal: examples/metal/metal.cpp ggml.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $^ -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+endif
+
+build-info.h: $(wildcard .git/index) scripts/build-info.sh
+	@sh scripts/build-info.sh > $@.tmp
+	@if ! cmp -s $@.tmp $@; then \
+		mv $@.tmp $@; \
+	else \
+		rm $@.tmp; \
+	fi
 
 #
 # Tests
 #
 
-.PHONY: tests
-tests:
-	bash ./tests/run-tests.sh
+tests: $(TEST_TARGETS)
+
+benchmark-matmult: examples/benchmark/benchmark-matmult.cpp build-info.h ggml.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+	./$@
+
+vdot: pocs/vdot/vdot.cpp ggml.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $^ -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+tests/test-llama-grammar: tests/test-llama-grammar.cpp build-info.h ggml.o common.o grammar-parser.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+tests/test-grammar-parser: tests/test-grammar-parser.cpp build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o grammar-parser.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+tests/test-double-float: tests/test-double-float.cpp build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+tests/test-grad0: tests/test-grad0.cpp build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+tests/test-opt: tests/test-opt.cpp build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+tests/test-quantize-fns: tests/test-quantize-fns.cpp build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+tests/test-quantize-perf: tests/test-quantize-perf.cpp build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+tests/test-sampling: tests/test-sampling.cpp build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+tests/test-tokenizer-0-falcon: tests/test-tokenizer-0-falcon.cpp build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+tests/test-tokenizer-0-llama: tests/test-tokenizer-0-llama.cpp build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+tests/test-tokenizer-1: tests/test-tokenizer-1.cpp build-info.h ggml.o llama.o common.o $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
+
+tests/test-c.o: tests/test-c.c llama.h
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $(filter-out %.h,$^) -o $@

Package.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// swift-tools-version:5.3
+
+import PackageDescription
+
+let package = Package(
+    name: "llama",
+    products: [
+        .library(name: "llama", targets: ["llama"]),
+    ],
+    targets: [
+        .target(
+            name: "llama",
+            path: ".",
+            exclude: ["ggml-metal.metal"],
+            sources: [
+                "ggml.c",
+                "llama.cpp",
+                "ggml-alloc.c",
+                "k_quants.c"
+            ],
+            publicHeadersPath: "spm-headers",
+            cSettings: [
+                .unsafeFlags(["-Wno-shorten-64-to-32"]),
+                .define("GGML_USE_K_QUANTS"),
+                .define("GGML_USE_ACCELERATE")
+            ],
+            linkerSettings: [
+                .linkedFramework("Accelerate")
+            ]
+        ),
+    ],
+    cxxLanguageStandard: .cxx11
+)

SHA256SUMS

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+ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff  models/30B/ggml-model-q5_1.bin
+2c07118ea98d69dbe7810d88520e30288fa994751b337f8fca02b171955f44cb  models/30B/params.json
+135c563f6b3938114458183afb01adc9a63bef3d8ff7cccc3977e5d3664ecafe  models/65B/consolidated.00.pth
+9a600b37b19d38c7e43809485f70d17d1dc12206c07efa83bc72bb498a568bde  models/65B/consolidated.01.pth
+e7babf7c5606f165a3756f527cb0fedc4f83e67ef1290391e52fb1cce5f26770  models/65B/consolidated.02.pth
+73176ffb426b40482f2aa67ae1217ef79fbbd1fff5482bae5060cdc5a24ab70e  models/65B/consolidated.03.pth
+882e6431d0b08a8bc66261a0d3607da21cbaeafa96a24e7e59777632dbdac225  models/65B/consolidated.04.pth
+a287c0dfe49081626567c7fe87f74cce5831f58e459b427b5e05567641f47b78  models/65B/consolidated.05.pth
+72b4eba67a1a3b18cb67a85b70f8f1640caae9b40033ea943fb166bd80a7b36b  models/65B/consolidated.06.pth
+d27f5b0677d7ff129ceacd73fd461c4d06910ad7787cf217b249948c3f3bc638  models/65B/consolidated.07.pth
+60758f2384d74e423dffddfd020ffed9d3bb186ebc54506f9c4a787d0f5367b0  models/65B/ggml-model-f16.bin
+cde053439fa4910ae454407e2717cc46cc2c2b4995c00c93297a2b52e790fa92  models/65B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin
+ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff  models/65B/ggml-model-q4_1.bin
+ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff  models/65B/ggml-model-q5_0.bin
+ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff  models/65B/ggml-model-q5_1.bin
+999ed1659b469ccc2a941714c0a9656fa571d17c9f7c8c7589817ca90edef51b  models/65B/params.json
+9e556afd44213b6bd1be2b850ebbbd98f5481437a8021afaf58ee7fb1818d347  models/tokenizer.model

build.zig

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+// Compatible with Zig Version 0.11.0
+const std = @import("std");
+const ArrayList = std.ArrayList;
+const Compile = std.Build.Step.Compile;
+const ConfigHeader = std.Build.Step.ConfigHeader;
+const Mode = std.builtin.Mode;
+const CrossTarget = std.zig.CrossTarget;
+
+const Maker = struct {
+    builder: *std.build.Builder,
+    target: CrossTarget,
+    optimize: Mode,
+    config_header: *ConfigHeader,
+    enable_lto: bool,
+
+    include_dirs: ArrayList([]const u8),
+    cflags: ArrayList([]const u8),
+    cxxflags: ArrayList([]const u8),
+    objs: ArrayList(*Compile),
+
+    fn addInclude(m: *Maker, dir: []const u8) !void {
+        try m.include_dirs.append(dir);
+    }
+    fn addProjectInclude(m: *Maker, path: []const []const u8) !void {
+        try m.addInclude(try m.builder.build_root.join(m.builder.allocator, path));
+    }
+    fn addCFlag(m: *Maker, flag: []const u8) !void {
+        try m.cflags.append(flag);
+    }
+    fn addCxxFlag(m: *Maker, flag: []const u8) !void {
+        try m.cxxflags.append(flag);
+    }
+    fn addFlag(m: *Maker, flag: []const u8) !void {
+        try m.addCFlag(flag);
+        try m.addCxxFlag(flag);
+    }
+
+    fn init(builder: *std.build.Builder) !Maker {
+        const commit_hash = @embedFile(".git/refs/heads/master");
+        const config_header = builder.addConfigHeader(
+            .{ .style = .blank, .include_path = "build-info.h" },
+            .{
+                .BUILD_NUMBER = 0,
+                .BUILD_COMMIT = commit_hash[0 .. commit_hash.len - 1], // omit newline
+            },
+        );
+        var m = Maker{
+            .builder = builder,
+            .target = builder.standardTargetOptions(.{}),
+            .optimize = builder.standardOptimizeOption(.{}),
+            .config_header = config_header,
+            .enable_lto = false,
+            .include_dirs = ArrayList([]const u8).init(builder.allocator),
+            .cflags = ArrayList([]const u8).init(builder.allocator),
+            .cxxflags = ArrayList([]const u8).init(builder.allocator),
+            .objs = ArrayList(*Compile).init(builder.allocator),
+        };
+        try m.addCFlag("-std=c11");
+        try m.addCxxFlag("-std=c++11");
+        try m.addProjectInclude(&.{});
+        try m.addProjectInclude(&.{"examples"});
+        return m;
+    }
+
+    fn obj(m: *const Maker, name: []const u8, src: []const u8) *Compile {
+        const o = m.builder.addObject(.{ .name = name, .target = m.target, .optimize = m.optimize });
+        if (std.mem.endsWith(u8, src, ".c")) {
+            o.addCSourceFiles(&.{src}, m.cflags.items);
+            o.linkLibC();
+        } else {
+            o.addCSourceFiles(&.{src}, m.cxxflags.items);
+            o.linkLibCpp();
+        }
+        for (m.include_dirs.items) |i| o.addIncludePath(.{ .path = i });
+        o.want_lto = m.enable_lto;
+        return o;
+    }
+
+    fn exe(m: *const Maker, name: []const u8, src: []const u8, deps: []const *Compile) *Compile {
+        const e = m.builder.addExecutable(.{ .name = name, .target = m.target, .optimize = m.optimize });
+        e.addCSourceFiles(&.{src}, m.cxxflags.items);
+        for (deps) |d| e.addObject(d);
+        for (m.objs.items) |o| e.addObject(o);
+        for (m.include_dirs.items) |i| e.addIncludePath(.{ .path = i });
+        e.linkLibC();
+        e.linkLibCpp();
+        e.addConfigHeader(m.config_header);
+        m.builder.installArtifact(e);
+        e.want_lto = m.enable_lto;
+        return e;
+    }
+};
+
+pub fn build(b: *std.build.Builder) !void {
+    var make = try Maker.init(b);
+    make.enable_lto = b.option(bool, "lto", "Enable LTO optimization, (default: false)") orelse false;
+
+    if (b.option(bool, "k-quants", "Enable K-quants, (default: true)") orelse true) {
+        try make.addFlag("-DGGML_USE_K_QUANTS");
+        const k_quants = make.obj("k_quants", "k_quants.c");
+        try make.objs.append(k_quants);
+    }
+
+    const ggml = make.obj("ggml", "ggml.c");
+    const ggml_alloc = make.obj("ggml-alloc", "ggml-alloc.c");
+    const llama = make.obj("llama", "llama.cpp");
+    const common = make.obj("common", "examples/common.cpp");
+    const console = make.obj("common", "examples/console.cpp");
+    const grammar_parser = make.obj("grammar-parser", "examples/grammar-parser.cpp");
+
+    _ = make.exe("main", "examples/main/main.cpp", &.{ ggml, ggml_alloc, llama, common, console, grammar_parser });
+    _ = make.exe("quantize", "examples/quantize/quantize.cpp", &.{ ggml, ggml_alloc, llama });
+    _ = make.exe("perplexity", "examples/perplexity/perplexity.cpp", &.{ ggml, ggml_alloc, llama, common });
+    _ = make.exe("embedding", "examples/embedding/embedding.cpp", &.{ ggml, ggml_alloc, llama, common });
+    _ = make.exe("train-text-from-scratch", "examples/train-text-from-scratch/train-text-from-scratch.cpp", &.{ ggml, ggml_alloc, llama });
+
+    const server = make.exe("server", "examples/server/server.cpp", &.{ ggml, ggml_alloc, llama, common, grammar_parser });
+    if (server.target.isWindows()) {
+        server.linkSystemLibrary("ws2_32");
+    }
+}

ci/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# CI
+
+In addition to [Github Actions](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/actions) `llama.cpp` uses a custom CI framework:
+
+https://github.com/ggml-org/ci
+
+It monitors the `master` branch for new commits and runs the
+[ci/run.sh](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/blob/master/ci/run.sh) script on dedicated cloud instances. This allows us
+to execute heavier workloads compared to just using Github Actions. Also with time, the cloud instances will be scaled
+to cover various hardware architectures, including GPU and Apple Silicon instances.
+
+Collaborators can optionally trigger the CI run by adding the `ggml-ci` keyword to their commit message.
+Only the branches of this repo are monitored for this keyword.
+
+It is a good practice, before publishing changes to execute the full CI locally on your machine:
+
+```bash
+mkdir tmp
+
+# CPU-only build
+bash ./ci/run.sh ./tmp/results ./tmp/mnt
+
+# with CUDA support
+GG_BUILD_CUDA=1 bash ./ci/run.sh ./tmp/results ./tmp/mnt
+```

ci/run.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,506 @@
+#/bin/bash
+#
+# sample usage:
+#
+# mkdir tmp
+#
+# # CPU-only build
+# bash ./ci/run.sh ./tmp/results ./tmp/mnt
+#
+# # with CUDA support
+# GG_BUILD_CUDA=1 bash ./ci/run.sh ./tmp/results ./tmp/mnt
+#
+
+if [ -z "$2" ]; then
+    echo "usage: $0 <output-dir> <mnt-dir>"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+mkdir -p "$1"
+mkdir -p "$2"
+
+OUT=$(realpath "$1")
+MNT=$(realpath "$2")
+
+rm -v $OUT/*.log
+rm -v $OUT/*.exit
+rm -v $OUT/*.md
+
+sd=`dirname $0`
+cd $sd/../
+SRC=`pwd`
+
+## helpers
+
+# download a file if it does not exist or if it is outdated
+function gg_wget {
+    local out=$1
+    local url=$2
+
+    local cwd=`pwd`
+
+    mkdir -p $out
+    cd $out
+
+    # should not re-download if file is the same
+    wget -nv -N $url
+
+    cd $cwd
+}
+
+function gg_printf {
+    printf -- "$@" >> $OUT/README.md
+}
+
+function gg_run {
+    ci=$1
+
+    set -o pipefail
+    set -x
+
+    gg_run_$ci | tee $OUT/$ci.log
+    cur=$?
+    echo "$cur" > $OUT/$ci.exit
+
+    set +x
+    set +o pipefail
+
+    gg_sum_$ci
+
+    ret=$((ret | cur))
+}
+
+## ci
+
+# ctest_debug
+
+function gg_run_ctest_debug {
+    cd ${SRC}
+
+    rm -rf build-ci-debug && mkdir build-ci-debug && cd build-ci-debug
+
+    set -e
+
+    (time cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug ..     ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-cmake.log
+    (time make -j                               ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-make.log
+
+    (time ctest --output-on-failure -E test-opt ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ctest.log
+
+    set +e
+}
+
+function gg_sum_ctest_debug {
+    gg_printf '### %s\n\n' "${ci}"
+
+    gg_printf 'Runs ctest in debug mode\n'
+    gg_printf '- status: %s\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}.exit)"
+    gg_printf '```\n'
+    gg_printf '%s\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ctest.log)"
+    gg_printf '```\n'
+    gg_printf '\n'
+}
+
+# ctest_release
+
+function gg_run_ctest_release {
+    cd ${SRC}
+
+    rm -rf build-ci-release && mkdir build-ci-release && cd build-ci-release
+
+    set -e
+
+    (time cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release ..   ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-cmake.log
+    (time make -j                               ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-make.log
+
+    if [ -z ${GG_BUILD_LOW_PERF} ]; then
+        (time ctest --output-on-failure ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ctest.log
+    else
+        (time ctest --output-on-failure -E test-opt ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ctest.log
+    fi
+
+    set +e
+}
+
+function gg_sum_ctest_release {
+    gg_printf '### %s\n\n' "${ci}"
+
+    gg_printf 'Runs ctest in release mode\n'
+    gg_printf '- status: %s\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}.exit)"
+    gg_printf '```\n'
+    gg_printf '%s\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ctest.log)"
+    gg_printf '```\n'
+}
+
+# open_llama_3b_v2
+
+function gg_run_open_llama_3b_v2 {
+    cd ${SRC}
+
+    gg_wget models-mnt/open-llama/3B-v2/ https://huggingface.co/openlm-research/open_llama_3b_v2/raw/main/config.json
+    gg_wget models-mnt/open-llama/3B-v2/ https://huggingface.co/openlm-research/open_llama_3b_v2/resolve/main/tokenizer.model
+    gg_wget models-mnt/open-llama/3B-v2/ https://huggingface.co/openlm-research/open_llama_3b_v2/raw/main/tokenizer_config.json
+    gg_wget models-mnt/open-llama/3B-v2/ https://huggingface.co/openlm-research/open_llama_3b_v2/raw/main/special_tokens_map.json
+    gg_wget models-mnt/open-llama/3B-v2/ https://huggingface.co/openlm-research/open_llama_3b_v2/resolve/main/pytorch_model.bin
+    gg_wget models-mnt/open-llama/3B-v2/ https://huggingface.co/openlm-research/open_llama_3b_v2/raw/main/generation_config.json
+
+    gg_wget models-mnt/wikitext/ https://s3.amazonaws.com/research.metamind.io/wikitext/wikitext-2-raw-v1.zip
+    unzip -o models-mnt/wikitext/wikitext-2-raw-v1.zip -d models-mnt/wikitext/
+    head -n 60 models-mnt/wikitext/wikitext-2-raw/wiki.test.raw > models-mnt/wikitext/wikitext-2-raw/wiki.test-60.raw
+
+    path_models="../models-mnt/open-llama/3B-v2"
+    path_wiki="../models-mnt/wikitext/wikitext-2-raw"
+
+    rm -rf build-ci-release && mkdir build-ci-release && cd build-ci-release
+
+    set -e
+
+    (time cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DLLAMA_QKK_64=1 .. ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-cmake.log
+    (time make -j                                              ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-make.log
+
+    python3 ../convert.py ${path_models}
+
+    model_f16="${path_models}/ggml-model-f16.gguf"
+    model_q8_0="${path_models}/ggml-model-q8_0.gguf"
+    model_q4_0="${path_models}/ggml-model-q4_0.gguf"
+    model_q4_1="${path_models}/ggml-model-q4_1.gguf"
+    model_q5_0="${path_models}/ggml-model-q5_0.gguf"
+    model_q5_1="${path_models}/ggml-model-q5_1.gguf"
+    model_q2_k="${path_models}/ggml-model-q2_k.gguf"
+    model_q3_k="${path_models}/ggml-model-q3_k.gguf"
+    model_q4_k="${path_models}/ggml-model-q4_k.gguf"
+    model_q5_k="${path_models}/ggml-model-q5_k.gguf"
+    model_q6_k="${path_models}/ggml-model-q6_k.gguf"
+
+    wiki_test_60="${path_wiki}/wiki.test-60.raw"
+
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q8_0} q8_0
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q4_0} q4_0
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q4_1} q4_1
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q5_0} q5_0
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q5_1} q5_1
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q2_k} q2_k
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q3_k} q3_k
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q4_k} q4_k
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q5_k} q5_k
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q6_k} q6_k
+
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_f16}  -s 1234 -n 64 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-f16.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q8_0} -s 1234 -n 64 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q8_0.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q4_0} -s 1234 -n 64 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_0.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q4_1} -s 1234 -n 64 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_1.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q5_0} -s 1234 -n 64 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_0.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q5_1} -s 1234 -n 64 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_1.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q2_k} -s 1234 -n 64 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q2_k.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q3_k} -s 1234 -n 64 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q3_k.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q4_k} -s 1234 -n 64 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_k.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q5_k} -s 1234 -n 64 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_k.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q6_k} -s 1234 -n 64 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q6_k.log
+
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_f16}  -f ${wiki_test_60} -c 128 -b 128 --chunks 2 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-f16.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q8_0} -f ${wiki_test_60} -c 128 -b 128 --chunks 2 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q8_0.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q4_0} -f ${wiki_test_60} -c 128 -b 128 --chunks 2 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_0.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q4_1} -f ${wiki_test_60} -c 128 -b 128 --chunks 2 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_1.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q5_0} -f ${wiki_test_60} -c 128 -b 128 --chunks 2 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_0.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q5_1} -f ${wiki_test_60} -c 128 -b 128 --chunks 2 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_1.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q2_k} -f ${wiki_test_60} -c 128 -b 128 --chunks 2 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q2_k.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q3_k} -f ${wiki_test_60} -c 128 -b 128 --chunks 2 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q3_k.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q4_k} -f ${wiki_test_60} -c 128 -b 128 --chunks 2 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_k.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q5_k} -f ${wiki_test_60} -c 128 -b 128 --chunks 2 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_k.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q6_k} -f ${wiki_test_60} -c 128 -b 128 --chunks 2 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q6_k.log
+
+    function check_ppl {
+        qnt="$1"
+        ppl=$(echo "$2" | grep -oE "[0-9]+\.[0-9]+" | tail -n 1)
+
+        if [ $(echo "$ppl > 20.0" | bc) -eq 1 ]; then
+            printf '  - %s @ %s (FAIL: ppl > 20.0)\n' "$qnt" "$ppl"
+            return 20
+        fi
+
+        printf '  - %s @ %s OK\n' "$qnt" "$ppl"
+        return 0
+    }
+
+    check_ppl "f16"  "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-f16.log  | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q8_0" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q8_0.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q4_0" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_0.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q4_1" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_1.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q5_0" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_0.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q5_1" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_1.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q2_k" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q2_k.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q3_k" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q3_k.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q4_k" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_k.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q5_k" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_k.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q6_k" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q6_k.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+
+    # lora
+    function compare_ppl {
+        qnt="$1"
+        ppl1=$(echo "$2" | grep -oE "[0-9]+\.[0-9]+" | tail -n 1)
+        ppl2=$(echo "$3" | grep -oE "[0-9]+\.[0-9]+" | tail -n 1)
+
+        if [ $(echo "$ppl1 < $ppl2" | bc) -eq 1 ]; then
+            printf '  - %s @ %s (FAIL: %s > %s)\n' "$qnt" "$ppl" "$ppl1" "$ppl2"
+            return 20
+        fi
+
+        printf '  - %s @ %s %s OK\n' "$qnt" "$ppl1" "$ppl2"
+        return 0
+    }
+
+    path_lora="../models-mnt/open-llama/3B-v2/lora"
+    path_shakespeare="../models-mnt/shakespeare"
+
+    shakespeare="${path_shakespeare}/shakespeare.txt"
+    lora_shakespeare="${path_lora}/ggml-adapter-model.bin"
+
+    gg_wget ${path_lora} https://huggingface.co/slaren/open_llama_3b_v2_shakespeare_lora/resolve/main/adapter_config.json
+    gg_wget ${path_lora} https://huggingface.co/slaren/open_llama_3b_v2_shakespeare_lora/resolve/main/adapter_model.bin
+    gg_wget ${path_shakespeare} https://huggingface.co/slaren/open_llama_3b_v2_shakespeare_lora/resolve/main/shakespeare.txt
+
+    python3 ../convert-lora-to-ggml.py ${path_lora}
+
+    # f16
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_f16} -f ${shakespeare}                            -c 128 -b 128 --chunks 2 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-f16.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_f16} -f ${shakespeare} --lora ${lora_shakespeare} -c 128 -b 128 --chunks 2 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-f16.log
+    compare_ppl "f16 shakespeare" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-f16.log | grep "^\[1\]")" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-f16.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-lora-ppl.log
+
+    # q8_0
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q8_0} -f ${shakespeare}                            -c 128 -b 128 --chunks 2 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-q8_0.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q8_0} -f ${shakespeare} --lora ${lora_shakespeare} -c 128 -b 128 --chunks 2 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-q8_0.log
+    compare_ppl "q8_0 shakespeare" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-q8_0.log | grep "^\[1\]")" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-q8_0.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-lora-ppl.log
+
+    # q8_0 + f16 lora-base
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q8_0} -f ${shakespeare} --lora ${lora_shakespeare} --lora-base ${model_f16} -c 128 -b 128 --chunks 2 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-q8_0-f16.log
+    compare_ppl "q8_0 / f16 base shakespeare" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-q8_0.log | grep "^\[1\]")" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-q8_0-f16.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-lora-ppl.log
+
+
+    set +e
+}
+
+function gg_sum_open_llama_3b_v2 {
+    gg_printf '### %s\n\n' "${ci}"
+
+    gg_printf 'OpenLLaMA 3B-v2:\n'
+    gg_printf '- status: %s\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}.exit)"
+    gg_printf '- perplexity:\n%s\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log)"
+    gg_printf '- lora:\n%s\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-lora-ppl.log)"
+    gg_printf '- f16: \n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-f16.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q8_0:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q8_0.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q4_0:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_0.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q4_1:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_1.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q5_0:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_0.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q5_1:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_1.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q2_k:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q2_k.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q3_k:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q3_k.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q4_k:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_k.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q5_k:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_k.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q6_k:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q6_k.log)"
+    gg_printf '- shakespeare (f16):\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-f16.log)"
+    gg_printf '- shakespeare (f16 lora):\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-f16.log)"
+    gg_printf '- shakespeare (q8_0):\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-q8_0.log)"
+    gg_printf '- shakespeare (q8_0 lora):\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-q8_0.log)"
+    gg_printf '- shakespeare (q8_0 / f16 base lora):\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-q8_0-f16.log)"
+}
+
+# open_llama_7b_v2
+# requires: GG_BUILD_CUDA
+
+function gg_run_open_llama_7b_v2 {
+    cd ${SRC}
+
+    gg_wget models-mnt/open-llama/7B-v2/ https://huggingface.co/openlm-research/open_llama_7b_v2/raw/main/config.json
+    gg_wget models-mnt/open-llama/7B-v2/ https://huggingface.co/openlm-research/open_llama_7b_v2/resolve/main/tokenizer.model
+    gg_wget models-mnt/open-llama/7B-v2/ https://huggingface.co/openlm-research/open_llama_7b_v2/raw/main/tokenizer_config.json
+    gg_wget models-mnt/open-llama/7B-v2/ https://huggingface.co/openlm-research/open_llama_7b_v2/raw/main/special_tokens_map.json
+    gg_wget models-mnt/open-llama/7B-v2/ https://huggingface.co/openlm-research/open_llama_7b_v2/raw/main/pytorch_model.bin.index.json
+    gg_wget models-mnt/open-llama/7B-v2/ https://huggingface.co/openlm-research/open_llama_7b_v2/resolve/main/pytorch_model-00001-of-00002.bin
+    gg_wget models-mnt/open-llama/7B-v2/ https://huggingface.co/openlm-research/open_llama_7b_v2/resolve/main/pytorch_model-00002-of-00002.bin
+    gg_wget models-mnt/open-llama/7B-v2/ https://huggingface.co/openlm-research/open_llama_7b_v2/raw/main/generation_config.json
+
+    gg_wget models-mnt/wikitext/ https://s3.amazonaws.com/research.metamind.io/wikitext/wikitext-2-raw-v1.zip
+    unzip -o models-mnt/wikitext/wikitext-2-raw-v1.zip -d models-mnt/wikitext/
+
+    path_models="../models-mnt/open-llama/7B-v2"
+    path_wiki="../models-mnt/wikitext/wikitext-2-raw"
+
+    rm -rf build-ci-release && mkdir build-ci-release && cd build-ci-release
+
+    set -e
+
+    (time cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DLLAMA_CUBLAS=1 .. ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-cmake.log
+    (time make -j                                              ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-make.log
+
+    python3 ../convert.py ${path_models}
+
+    model_f16="${path_models}/ggml-model-f16.gguf"
+    model_q8_0="${path_models}/ggml-model-q8_0.gguf"
+    model_q4_0="${path_models}/ggml-model-q4_0.gguf"
+    model_q4_1="${path_models}/ggml-model-q4_1.gguf"
+    model_q5_0="${path_models}/ggml-model-q5_0.gguf"
+    model_q5_1="${path_models}/ggml-model-q5_1.gguf"
+    model_q2_k="${path_models}/ggml-model-q2_k.gguf"
+    model_q3_k="${path_models}/ggml-model-q3_k.gguf"
+    model_q4_k="${path_models}/ggml-model-q4_k.gguf"
+    model_q5_k="${path_models}/ggml-model-q5_k.gguf"
+    model_q6_k="${path_models}/ggml-model-q6_k.gguf"
+
+    wiki_test="${path_wiki}/wiki.test.raw"
+
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q8_0} q8_0
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q4_0} q4_0
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q4_1} q4_1
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q5_0} q5_0
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q5_1} q5_1
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q2_k} q2_k
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q3_k} q3_k
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q4_k} q4_k
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q5_k} q5_k
+    ./bin/quantize ${model_f16} ${model_q6_k} q6_k
+
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_f16}  -t 1 -ngl 999 -s 1234 -n 256 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-f16.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q8_0} -t 1 -ngl 999 -s 1234 -n 256 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q8_0.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q4_0} -t 1 -ngl 999 -s 1234 -n 256 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_0.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q4_1} -t 1 -ngl 999 -s 1234 -n 256 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_1.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q5_0} -t 1 -ngl 999 -s 1234 -n 256 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_0.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q5_1} -t 1 -ngl 999 -s 1234 -n 256 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_1.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q2_k} -t 1 -ngl 999 -s 1234 -n 256 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q2_k.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q3_k} -t 1 -ngl 999 -s 1234 -n 256 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q3_k.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q4_k} -t 1 -ngl 999 -s 1234 -n 256 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_k.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q5_k} -t 1 -ngl 999 -s 1234 -n 256 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_k.log
+    (time ./bin/main --model ${model_q6_k} -t 1 -ngl 999 -s 1234 -n 256 --ignore-eos -p "I believe the meaning of life is" ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q6_k.log
+
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_f16}  -f ${wiki_test} -t 1 -ngl 999 -c 2048 -b 512 --chunks 4 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-f16.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q8_0} -f ${wiki_test} -t 1 -ngl 999 -c 2048 -b 512 --chunks 4 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q8_0.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q4_0} -f ${wiki_test} -t 1 -ngl 999 -c 2048 -b 512 --chunks 4 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_0.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q4_1} -f ${wiki_test} -t 1 -ngl 999 -c 2048 -b 512 --chunks 4 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_1.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q5_0} -f ${wiki_test} -t 1 -ngl 999 -c 2048 -b 512 --chunks 4 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_0.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q5_1} -f ${wiki_test} -t 1 -ngl 999 -c 2048 -b 512 --chunks 4 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_1.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q2_k} -f ${wiki_test} -t 1 -ngl 999 -c 2048 -b 512 --chunks 4 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q2_k.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q3_k} -f ${wiki_test} -t 1 -ngl 999 -c 2048 -b 512 --chunks 4 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q3_k.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q4_k} -f ${wiki_test} -t 1 -ngl 999 -c 2048 -b 512 --chunks 4 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_k.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q5_k} -f ${wiki_test} -t 1 -ngl 999 -c 2048 -b 512 --chunks 4 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_k.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q6_k} -f ${wiki_test} -t 1 -ngl 999 -c 2048 -b 512 --chunks 4 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-tg-q6_k.log
+
+    function check_ppl {
+        qnt="$1"
+        ppl=$(echo "$2" | grep -oE "[0-9]+\.[0-9]+" | tail -n 1)
+
+        if [ $(echo "$ppl > 20.0" | bc) -eq 1 ]; then
+            printf '  - %s @ %s (FAIL: ppl > 20.0)\n' "$qnt" "$ppl"
+            return 20
+        fi
+
+        printf '  - %s @ %s OK\n' "$qnt" "$ppl"
+        return 0
+    }
+
+    check_ppl "f16"  "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-f16.log  | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q8_0" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q8_0.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q4_0" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_0.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q4_1" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_1.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q5_0" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_0.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q5_1" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_1.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q2_k" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q2_k.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q3_k" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q3_k.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q4_k" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_k.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q5_k" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_k.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+    check_ppl "q6_k" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q6_k.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log
+
+    # lora
+    function compare_ppl {
+        qnt="$1"
+        ppl1=$(echo "$2" | grep -oE "[0-9]+\.[0-9]+" | tail -n 1)
+        ppl2=$(echo "$3" | grep -oE "[0-9]+\.[0-9]+" | tail -n 1)
+
+        if [ $(echo "$ppl1 < $ppl2" | bc) -eq 1 ]; then
+            printf '  - %s @ %s (FAIL: %s > %s)\n' "$qnt" "$ppl" "$ppl1" "$ppl2"
+            return 20
+        fi
+
+        printf '  - %s @ %s %s OK\n' "$qnt" "$ppl1" "$ppl2"
+        return 0
+    }
+
+    path_lora="../models-mnt/open-llama/7B-v2/lora"
+    path_shakespeare="../models-mnt/shakespeare"
+
+    shakespeare="${path_shakespeare}/shakespeare.txt"
+    lora_shakespeare="${path_lora}/ggml-adapter-model.bin"
+
+    gg_wget ${path_lora} https://huggingface.co/slaren/open_llama_7b_v2_shakespeare_lora/resolve/main/adapter_config.json
+    gg_wget ${path_lora} https://huggingface.co/slaren/open_llama_7b_v2_shakespeare_lora/resolve/main/adapter_model.bin
+    gg_wget ${path_shakespeare} https://huggingface.co/slaren/open_llama_7b_v2_shakespeare_lora/resolve/main/shakespeare.txt
+
+    python3 ../convert-lora-to-ggml.py ${path_lora}
+
+    # f16
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_f16} -f ${shakespeare}                            -t 1 -ngl 999 -c 2048 -b 512 --chunks 3 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-f16.log
+    (time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_f16} -f ${shakespeare} --lora ${lora_shakespeare} -t 1 -ngl 999 -c 2048 -b 512 --chunks 3 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-f16.log
+    compare_ppl "f16 shakespeare" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-f16.log | grep "^\[1\]")" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-f16.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-lora-ppl.log
+
+    # currently not supported by the CUDA backend
+    # q8_0
+    #(time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q8_0} -f ${shakespeare}                            -t 1 -ngl 999 -c 2048 -b 512 --chunks 3 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-q8_0.log
+    #(time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q8_0} -f ${shakespeare} --lora ${lora_shakespeare} -t 1 -ngl 999 -c 2048 -b 512 --chunks 3 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-q8_0.log
+    #compare_ppl "q8_0 shakespeare" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-q8_0.log | grep "^\[1\]")" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-q8_0.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-lora-ppl.log
+
+    # q8_0 + f16 lora-base
+    #(time ./bin/perplexity --model ${model_q8_0} -f ${shakespeare} --lora ${lora_shakespeare} --lora-base ${model_f16} -t 1 -ngl 999 -c 2048 -b 512 --chunks 3 ) 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-q8_0-f16.log
+    #compare_ppl "q8_0 / f16 shakespeare" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-q8_0.log | grep "^\[1\]")" "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-q8_0-f16.log | grep "^\[1\]")" | tee -a $OUT/${ci}-lora-ppl.log
+
+    set +e
+}
+
+function gg_sum_open_llama_7b_v2 {
+    gg_printf '### %s\n\n' "${ci}"
+
+    gg_printf 'OpenLLaMA 7B-v2:\n'
+    gg_printf '- status: %s\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}.exit)"
+    gg_printf '- perplexity:\n%s\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl.log)"
+    gg_printf '- lora:\n%s\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-lora-ppl.log)"
+    gg_printf '- f16: \n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-f16.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q8_0:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q8_0.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q4_0:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_0.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q4_1:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_1.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q5_0:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_0.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q5_1:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_1.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q2_k:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q2_k.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q3_k:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q3_k.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q4_k:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q4_k.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q5_k:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q5_k.log)"
+    gg_printf '- q6_k:\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-tg-q6_k.log)"
+    gg_printf '- shakespeare (f16):\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-f16.log)"
+    gg_printf '- shakespeare (f16 lora):\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-f16.log)"
+    #gg_printf '- shakespeare (q8_0):\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-q8_0.log)"
+    #gg_printf '- shakespeare (q8_0 lora):\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-q8_0.log)"
+    #gg_printf '- shakespeare (q8_0 / f16 base lora):\n```\n%s\n```\n' "$(cat $OUT/${ci}-ppl-shakespeare-lora-q8_0-f16.log)"
+}
+
+## main
+
+if [ -z ${GG_BUILD_LOW_PERF} ]; then
+    rm -rf ${SRC}/models-mnt
+
+    mnt_models=${MNT}/models
+    mkdir -p ${mnt_models}
+    ln -sfn ${mnt_models} ${SRC}/models-mnt
+
+    python3 -m pip install -r ${SRC}/requirements.txt
+    python3 -m pip install --editable gguf-py
+fi
+
+ret=0
+
+test $ret -eq 0 && gg_run ctest_debug
+test $ret -eq 0 && gg_run ctest_release
+
+if [ -z ${GG_BUILD_LOW_PERF} ]; then
+    if [ -z ${GG_BUILD_CUDA} ]; then
+        test $ret -eq 0 && gg_run open_llama_3b_v2
+    else
+        test $ret -eq 0 && gg_run open_llama_7b_v2
+    fi
+fi
+
+exit $ret

codecov.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+comment: off
+
+coverage:
+  status:
+    project:
+      default:
+        target: auto
+        threshold: 0
+        base: auto
+    patch:
+      default:
+        target: auto
+        threshold: 0
+        base: auto

common/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# common
+
+set(TARGET common)
+
+add_library(${TARGET} OBJECT
+    common.h
+    common.cpp
+    console.h
+    console.cpp
+    grammar-parser.h
+    grammar-parser.cpp
+    )
+
+if (BUILD_SHARED_LIBS)
+    set_target_properties(${TARGET} PROPERTIES POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON)
+endif()
+
+target_include_directories(${TARGET} PUBLIC .)
+target_compile_features(${TARGET} PUBLIC cxx_std_11)
+target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE llama)

common/common.h

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+// Various helper functions and utilities
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "llama.h"
+
+#define LOG_NO_FILE_LINE_FUNCTION
+#include "log.h"
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <random>
+#include <thread>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <tuple>
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#define DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR '\\'
+#else
+#define DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR '/'
+#endif // _WIN32
+
+//
+// CLI argument parsing
+//
+int32_t get_num_physical_cores();
+
+struct gpt_params {
+    uint32_t seed                           = -1;   // RNG seed
+    int32_t n_threads                       = get_num_physical_cores();
+    int32_t n_predict                       = -1;   // new tokens to predict
+    int32_t n_ctx                           = 512;  // context size
+    int32_t n_batch                         = 512;  // batch size for prompt processing (must be >=32 to use BLAS)
+    int32_t n_keep                          = 0;    // number of tokens to keep from initial prompt
+    int32_t n_draft                         = 16;   // number of tokens to draft during speculative decoding
+    int32_t n_chunks                        = -1;   // max number of chunks to process (-1 = unlimited)
+    int32_t n_gpu_layers                    = 0;    // number of layers to store in VRAM
+    int32_t main_gpu                        = 0;    // the GPU that is used for scratch and small tensors
+    float   tensor_split[LLAMA_MAX_DEVICES] = {0};  // how split tensors should be distributed across GPUs
+    int32_t n_probs                         = 0;    // if greater than 0, output the probabilities of top n_probs tokens.
+    int32_t n_beams                         = 0;    // if non-zero then use beam search of given width.
+    float   rope_freq_base                  = 10000.0f; // RoPE base frequency
+    float   rope_freq_scale                 = 1.0f;     // RoPE frequency scaling factor
+
+    // sampling parameters
+    int32_t top_k             = 40;    // <= 0 to use vocab size
+    float   top_p             = 0.95f; // 1.0 = disabled
+    float   tfs_z             = 1.00f; // 1.0 = disabled
+    float   typical_p         = 1.00f; // 1.0 = disabled
+    float   temp              = 0.80f; // 1.0 = disabled
+    float   repeat_penalty    = 1.10f; // 1.0 = disabled
+    int32_t repeat_last_n     = 64;    // last n tokens to penalize (0 = disable penalty, -1 = context size)
+    float   frequency_penalty = 0.00f; // 0.0 = disabled
+    float   presence_penalty  = 0.00f; // 0.0 = disabled
+    int32_t mirostat          = 0;     // 0 = disabled, 1 = mirostat, 2 = mirostat 2.0
+    float   mirostat_tau      = 5.00f; // target entropy
+    float   mirostat_eta      = 0.10f; // learning rate
+
+    std::unordered_map<llama_token, float> logit_bias; // logit bias for specific tokens
+
+    // Classifier-Free Guidance
+    // https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.17806
+    std::string cfg_negative_prompt;       // string to help guidance
+    float       cfg_scale         = 1.f;   // How strong is guidance
+
+    std::string model             = "models/7B/ggml-model-f16.gguf"; // model path
+    std::string model_draft       = "";                              // draft model for speculative decoding
+    std::string model_alias       = "unknown"; // model alias
+    std::string prompt            = "";
+    std::string path_prompt_cache = "";  // path to file for saving/loading prompt eval state
+    std::string input_prefix      = "";  // string to prefix user inputs with
+    std::string input_suffix      = "";  // string to suffix user inputs with
+    std::string grammar           = "";  // optional BNF-like grammar to constrain sampling
+    std::vector<std::string> antiprompt; // string upon seeing which more user input is prompted
+    std::string logdir            = "";  // directory in which to save YAML log files
+
+    std::string lora_adapter = "";  // lora adapter path
+    std::string lora_base    = "";  // base model path for the lora adapter
+
+    int  ppl_stride        = 0;     // stride for perplexity calculations. If left at 0, the pre-existing approach will be used.
+    int  ppl_output_type   = 0;     // = 0 -> ppl output is as usual, = 1 -> ppl output is num_tokens, ppl, one per line
+                                    //                                       (which is more convenient to use for plotting)
+                                    //
+    bool hellaswag         = false; // compute HellaSwag score over random tasks from datafile supplied in prompt
+    size_t hellaswag_tasks = 400;   // number of tasks to use when computing the HellaSwag score
+
+    bool low_vram          = false; // if true, reduce VRAM usage at the cost of performance
+    bool mul_mat_q         = true;  // if true, use mul_mat_q kernels instead of cuBLAS
+    bool memory_f16        = true;  // use f16 instead of f32 for memory kv
+    bool random_prompt     = false; // do not randomize prompt if none provided
+    bool use_color         = false; // use color to distinguish generations and inputs
+    bool interactive       = false; // interactive mode
+    bool prompt_cache_all  = false; // save user input and generations to prompt cache
+    bool prompt_cache_ro   = false; // open the prompt cache read-only and do not update it
+
+    bool embedding         = false; // get only sentence embedding
+    bool escape            = false; // escape "\n", "\r", "\t", "\'", "\"", and "\\"
+    bool interactive_first = false; // wait for user input immediately
+    bool multiline_input   = false; // reverse the usage of `\`
+    bool simple_io         = false; // improves compatibility with subprocesses and limited consoles
+
+    bool input_prefix_bos  = false; // prefix BOS to user inputs, preceding input_prefix
+    bool ignore_eos        = false; // ignore generated EOS tokens
+    bool instruct          = false; // instruction mode (used for Alpaca models)
+    bool penalize_nl       = true;  // consider newlines as a repeatable token
+    bool perplexity        = false; // compute perplexity over the prompt
+    bool use_mmap          = true;  // use mmap for faster loads
+    bool use_mlock         = false; // use mlock to keep model in memory
+    bool mem_test          = false; // compute maximum memory usage
+    bool numa              = false; // attempt optimizations that help on some NUMA systems
+    bool export_cgraph     = false; // export the computation graph
+    bool verbose_prompt    = false; // print prompt tokens before generation
+};
+
+bool gpt_params_parse(int argc, char ** argv, gpt_params & params);
+
+void gpt_print_usage(int argc, char ** argv, const gpt_params & params);
+
+std::string gpt_random_prompt(std::mt19937 & rng);
+
+//
+// Model utils
+//
+
+std::tuple<struct llama_model *, struct llama_context *> llama_init_from_gpt_params(gpt_params & params);
+struct llama_context_params llama_context_params_from_gpt_params(const gpt_params & params);
+
+//
+// Vocab utils
+//
+
+// tokenizes a string into a vector of tokens
+// should work similar to Python's `tokenizer.encode`
+std::vector<llama_token> llama_tokenize(
+        struct llama_context * ctx,
+           const std::string & text,
+                        bool   add_bos);
+
+// tokenizes a token into a piece
+// should work similar to Python's `tokenizer.id_to_piece`
+std::string llama_token_to_piece(
+        const struct llama_context * ctx,
+                       llama_token   token);
+
+// TODO: these should be moved in llama.h C-style API under single `llama_detokenize` function
+//       that takes into account the tokenizer type and decides how to handle the leading space
+//
+// detokenizes a vector of tokens into a string
+// should work similar to Python's `tokenizer.decode`
+// removes the leading space from the first non-BOS token
+std::string llama_detokenize_spm(
+                         llama_context * ctx,
+        const std::vector<llama_token> & tokens);
+
+// detokenizes a vector of tokens into a string
+// should work similar to Python's `tokenizer.decode`
+std::string llama_detokenize_bpe(
+                         llama_context * ctx,
+        const std::vector<llama_token> & tokens);
+
+//
+// Sampling utils
+//
+
+// this is a common sampling function used across the examples for convenience
+// it can serve as a starting point for implementing your own sampling function
+//
+// required:
+//  - ctx:    context to use for sampling
+//  - params: sampling parameters
+//
+// optional:
+//  - ctx_guidance:  context to use for classifier-free guidance, ignore if NULL
+//  - grammar:       grammar to use for sampling, ignore if NULL
+//  - last_tokens:   needed for repetition penalty, ignore if empty
+//  - idx:           sample from llama_get_logits(ctx) + idx * n_vocab
+//
+// returns:
+//  - token:      sampled token
+//  - candidates: vector of candidate tokens
+//
+llama_token llama_sample_token(
+                  struct llama_context * ctx,
+                  struct llama_context * ctx_guidance,
+                  struct llama_grammar * grammar,
+               const struct gpt_params & params,
+        const std::vector<llama_token> & last_tokens,
+         std::vector<llama_token_data> & candidates,
+                                   int   idx = 0);
+
+//
+// YAML utils
+//
+
+bool create_directory_with_parents(const std::string & path);
+void dump_vector_float_yaml(FILE * stream, const char * prop_name, const std::vector<float> & data);
+void dump_vector_int_yaml(FILE * stream, const char * prop_name, const std::vector<int> & data);
+void dump_string_yaml_multiline(FILE * stream, const char * prop_name, const char * data);
+std::string get_sortable_timestamp();
+
+void dump_non_result_info_yaml(
+    FILE * stream, const gpt_params & params, const llama_context * lctx,
+    const std::string & timestamp, const std::vector<int> & prompt_tokens, const char * model_desc);

common/console.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,501 @@
+#include "console.h"
+#include <vector>
+#include <iostream>
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#ifndef NOMINMAX
+#define NOMINMAX
+#endif
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <io.h>
+#ifndef ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING
+#define ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING 0x0004
+#endif
+#else
+#include <climits>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <wchar.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <termios.h>
+#endif
+
+#define ANSI_COLOR_RED     "\x1b[31m"
+#define ANSI_COLOR_GREEN   "\x1b[32m"
+#define ANSI_COLOR_YELLOW  "\x1b[33m"
+#define ANSI_COLOR_BLUE    "\x1b[34m"
+#define ANSI_COLOR_MAGENTA "\x1b[35m"
+#define ANSI_COLOR_CYAN    "\x1b[36m"
+#define ANSI_COLOR_RESET   "\x1b[0m"
+#define ANSI_BOLD          "\x1b[1m"
+
+namespace console {
+
+    //
+    // Console state
+    //
+
+    static bool      advanced_display = false;
+    static bool      simple_io        = true;
+    static display_t current_display  = reset;
+
+    static FILE*     out              = stdout;
+
+#if defined (_WIN32)
+    static void*     hConsole;
+#else
+    static FILE*     tty              = nullptr;
+    static termios   initial_state;
+#endif
+
+    //
+    // Init and cleanup
+    //
+
+    void init(bool use_simple_io, bool use_advanced_display) {
+        advanced_display = use_advanced_display;
+        simple_io = use_simple_io;
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+        // Windows-specific console initialization
+        DWORD dwMode = 0;
+        hConsole = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
+        if (hConsole == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE || !GetConsoleMode(hConsole, &dwMode)) {
+            hConsole = GetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE);
+            if (hConsole != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE && (!GetConsoleMode(hConsole, &dwMode))) {
+                hConsole = nullptr;
+                simple_io = true;
+            }
+        }
+        if (hConsole) {
+            // Check conditions combined to reduce nesting
+            if (advanced_display && !(dwMode & ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING) &&
+                !SetConsoleMode(hConsole, dwMode | ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING)) {
+                advanced_display = false;
+            }
+            // Set console output codepage to UTF8
+            SetConsoleOutputCP(CP_UTF8);
+        }
+        HANDLE hConIn = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
+        if (hConIn != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE && GetConsoleMode(hConIn, &dwMode)) {
+            // Set console input codepage to UTF16
+            _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_WTEXT);
+
+            // Set ICANON (ENABLE_LINE_INPUT) and ECHO (ENABLE_ECHO_INPUT)
+            if (simple_io) {
+                dwMode |= ENABLE_LINE_INPUT | ENABLE_ECHO_INPUT;
+            } else {
+                dwMode &= ~(ENABLE_LINE_INPUT | ENABLE_ECHO_INPUT);
+            }
+            if (!SetConsoleMode(hConIn, dwMode)) {
+                simple_io = true;
+            }
+        }
+#else
+        // POSIX-specific console initialization
+        if (!simple_io) {
+            struct termios new_termios;
+            tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &initial_state);
+            new_termios = initial_state;
+            new_termios.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO);
+            new_termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
+            new_termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
+            tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &new_termios);
+
+            tty = fopen("/dev/tty", "w+");
+            if (tty != nullptr) {
+                out = tty;
+            }
+        }
+
+        setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
+#endif
+    }
+
+    void cleanup() {
+        // Reset console display
+        set_display(reset);
+
+#if !defined(_WIN32)
+        // Restore settings on POSIX systems
+        if (!simple_io) {
+            if (tty != nullptr) {
+                out = stdout;
+                fclose(tty);
+                tty = nullptr;
+            }
+            tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &initial_state);
+        }
+#endif
+    }
+
+    //
+    // Display and IO
+    //
+
+    // Keep track of current display and only emit ANSI code if it changes
+    void set_display(display_t display) {
+        if (advanced_display && current_display != display) {
+            fflush(stdout);
+            switch(display) {
+                case reset:
+                    fprintf(out, ANSI_COLOR_RESET);
+                    break;
+                case prompt:
+                    fprintf(out, ANSI_COLOR_YELLOW);
+                    break;
+                case user_input:
+                    fprintf(out, ANSI_BOLD ANSI_COLOR_GREEN);
+                    break;
+                case error:
+                    fprintf(out, ANSI_BOLD ANSI_COLOR_RED);
+            }
+            current_display = display;
+            fflush(out);
+        }
+    }
+
+    char32_t getchar32() {
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+        HANDLE hConsole = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
+        wchar_t high_surrogate = 0;
+
+        while (true) {
+            INPUT_RECORD record;
+            DWORD count;
+            if (!ReadConsoleInputW(hConsole, &record, 1, &count) || count == 0) {
+                return WEOF;
+            }
+
+            if (record.EventType == KEY_EVENT && record.Event.KeyEvent.bKeyDown) {
+                wchar_t wc = record.Event.KeyEvent.uChar.UnicodeChar;
+                if (wc == 0) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                if ((wc >= 0xD800) && (wc <= 0xDBFF)) { // Check if wc is a high surrogate
+                    high_surrogate = wc;
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if ((wc >= 0xDC00) && (wc <= 0xDFFF)) { // Check if wc is a low surrogate
+                    if (high_surrogate != 0) { // Check if we have a high surrogate
+                        return ((high_surrogate - 0xD800) << 10) + (wc - 0xDC00) + 0x10000;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                high_surrogate = 0; // Reset the high surrogate
+                return static_cast<char32_t>(wc);
+            }
+        }
+#else
+        wchar_t wc = getwchar();
+        if (static_cast<wint_t>(wc) == WEOF) {
+            return WEOF;
+        }
+
+#if WCHAR_MAX == 0xFFFF
+        if ((wc >= 0xD800) && (wc <= 0xDBFF)) { // Check if wc is a high surrogate
+            wchar_t low_surrogate = getwchar();
+            if ((low_surrogate >= 0xDC00) && (low_surrogate <= 0xDFFF)) { // Check if the next wchar is a low surrogate
+                return (static_cast<char32_t>(wc & 0x03FF) << 10) + (low_surrogate & 0x03FF) + 0x10000;
+            }
+        }
+        if ((wc >= 0xD800) && (wc <= 0xDFFF)) { // Invalid surrogate pair
+            return 0xFFFD; // Return the replacement character U+FFFD
+        }
+#endif
+
+        return static_cast<char32_t>(wc);
+#endif
+    }
+
+    void pop_cursor() {
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+        if (hConsole != NULL) {
+            CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO bufferInfo;
+            GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hConsole, &bufferInfo);
+
+            COORD newCursorPosition = bufferInfo.dwCursorPosition;
+            if (newCursorPosition.X == 0) {
+                newCursorPosition.X = bufferInfo.dwSize.X - 1;
+                newCursorPosition.Y -= 1;
+            } else {
+                newCursorPosition.X -= 1;
+            }
+
+            SetConsoleCursorPosition(hConsole, newCursorPosition);
+            return;
+        }
+#endif
+        putc('\b', out);
+    }
+
+    int estimateWidth(char32_t codepoint) {
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+        (void)codepoint;
+        return 1;
+#else
+        return wcwidth(codepoint);
+#endif
+    }
+
+    int put_codepoint(const char* utf8_codepoint, size_t length, int expectedWidth) {
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+        CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO bufferInfo;
+        if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hConsole, &bufferInfo)) {
+            // go with the default
+            return expectedWidth;
+        }
+        COORD initialPosition = bufferInfo.dwCursorPosition;
+        DWORD nNumberOfChars = length;
+        WriteConsole(hConsole, utf8_codepoint, nNumberOfChars, &nNumberOfChars, NULL);
+
+        CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO newBufferInfo;
+        GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hConsole, &newBufferInfo);
+
+        // Figure out our real position if we're in the last column
+        if (utf8_codepoint[0] != 0x09 && initialPosition.X == newBufferInfo.dwSize.X - 1) {
+            DWORD nNumberOfChars;
+            WriteConsole(hConsole, &" \b", 2, &nNumberOfChars, NULL);
+            GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hConsole, &newBufferInfo);
+        }
+
+        int width = newBufferInfo.dwCursorPosition.X - initialPosition.X;
+        if (width < 0) {
+            width += newBufferInfo.dwSize.X;
+        }
+        return width;
+#else
+        // We can trust expectedWidth if we've got one
+        if (expectedWidth >= 0 || tty == nullptr) {
+            fwrite(utf8_codepoint, length, 1, out);
+            return expectedWidth;
+        }
+
+        fputs("\033[6n", tty); // Query cursor position
+        int x1;
+        int y1;
+        int x2;
+        int y2;
+        int results = 0;
+        results = fscanf(tty, "\033[%d;%dR", &y1, &x1);
+
+        fwrite(utf8_codepoint, length, 1, tty);
+
+        fputs("\033[6n", tty); // Query cursor position
+        results += fscanf(tty, "\033[%d;%dR", &y2, &x2);
+
+        if (results != 4) {
+            return expectedWidth;
+        }
+
+        int width = x2 - x1;
+        if (width < 0) {
+            // Calculate the width considering text wrapping
+            struct winsize w;
+            ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &w);
+            width += w.ws_col;
+        }
+        return width;
+#endif
+    }
+
+    void replace_last(char ch) {
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+        pop_cursor();
+        put_codepoint(&ch, 1, 1);
+#else
+        fprintf(out, "\b%c", ch);
+#endif
+    }
+
+    void append_utf8(char32_t ch, std::string & out) {
+        if (ch <= 0x7F) {
+            out.push_back(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch));
+        } else if (ch <= 0x7FF) {
+            out.push_back(static_cast<unsigned char>(0xC0 | ((ch >> 6) & 0x1F)));
+            out.push_back(static_cast<unsigned char>(0x80 | (ch & 0x3F)));
+        } else if (ch <= 0xFFFF) {
+            out.push_back(static_cast<unsigned char>(0xE0 | ((ch >> 12) & 0x0F)));
+            out.push_back(static_cast<unsigned char>(0x80 | ((ch >> 6) & 0x3F)));
+            out.push_back(static_cast<unsigned char>(0x80 | (ch & 0x3F)));
+        } else if (ch <= 0x10FFFF) {
+            out.push_back(static_cast<unsigned char>(0xF0 | ((ch >> 18) & 0x07)));
+            out.push_back(static_cast<unsigned char>(0x80 | ((ch >> 12) & 0x3F)));
+            out.push_back(static_cast<unsigned char>(0x80 | ((ch >> 6) & 0x3F)));
+            out.push_back(static_cast<unsigned char>(0x80 | (ch & 0x3F)));
+        } else {
+            // Invalid Unicode code point
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Helper function to remove the last UTF-8 character from a string
+    void pop_back_utf8_char(std::string & line) {
+        if (line.empty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        size_t pos = line.length() - 1;
+
+        // Find the start of the last UTF-8 character (checking up to 4 bytes back)
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < 3 && pos > 0; ++i, --pos) {
+            if ((line[pos] & 0xC0) != 0x80) {
+                break; // Found the start of the character
+            }
+        }
+        line.erase(pos);
+    }
+
+    bool readline_advanced(std::string & line, bool multiline_input) {
+        if (out != stdout) {
+            fflush(stdout);
+        }
+
+        line.clear();
+        std::vector<int> widths;
+        bool is_special_char = false;
+        bool end_of_stream = false;
+
+        char32_t input_char;
+        while (true) {
+            fflush(out); // Ensure all output is displayed before waiting for input
+            input_char = getchar32();
+
+            if (input_char == '\r' || input_char == '\n') {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            if (input_char == (char32_t) WEOF || input_char == 0x04 /* Ctrl+D*/) {
+                end_of_stream = true;
+                break;
+            }
+
+            if (is_special_char) {
+                set_display(user_input);
+                replace_last(line.back());
+                is_special_char = false;
+            }
+
+            if (input_char == '\033') { // Escape sequence
+                char32_t code = getchar32();
+                if (code == '[' || code == 0x1B) {
+                    // Discard the rest of the escape sequence
+                    while ((code = getchar32()) != (char32_t) WEOF) {
+                        if ((code >= 'A' && code <= 'Z') || (code >= 'a' && code <= 'z') || code == '~') {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            } else if (input_char == 0x08 || input_char == 0x7F) { // Backspace
+                if (!widths.empty()) {
+                    int count;
+                    do {
+                        count = widths.back();
+                        widths.pop_back();
+                        // Move cursor back, print space, and move cursor back again
+                        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+                            replace_last(' ');
+                            pop_cursor();
+                        }
+                        pop_back_utf8_char(line);
+                    } while (count == 0 && !widths.empty());
+                }
+            } else {
+                int offset = line.length();
+                append_utf8(input_char, line);
+                int width = put_codepoint(line.c_str() + offset, line.length() - offset, estimateWidth(input_char));
+                if (width < 0) {
+                    width = 0;
+                }
+                widths.push_back(width);
+            }
+
+            if (!line.empty() && (line.back() == '\\' || line.back() == '/')) {
+                set_display(prompt);
+                replace_last(line.back());
+                is_special_char = true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        bool has_more = multiline_input;
+        if (is_special_char) {
+            replace_last(' ');
+            pop_cursor();
+
+            char last = line.back();
+            line.pop_back();
+            if (last == '\\') {
+                line += '\n';
+                fputc('\n', out);
+                has_more = !has_more;
+            } else {
+                // llama will just eat the single space, it won't act as a space
+                if (line.length() == 1 && line.back() == ' ') {
+                    line.clear();
+                    pop_cursor();
+                }
+                has_more = false;
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (end_of_stream) {
+                has_more = false;
+            } else {
+                line += '\n';
+                fputc('\n', out);
+            }
+        }
+
+        fflush(out);
+        return has_more;
+    }
+
+    bool readline_simple(std::string & line, bool multiline_input) {
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+        std::wstring wline;
+        if (!std::getline(std::wcin, wline)) {
+            // Input stream is bad or EOF received
+            line.clear();
+            GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent(CTRL_C_EVENT, 0);
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        int size_needed = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, &wline[0], (int)wline.size(), NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
+        line.resize(size_needed);
+        WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, &wline[0], (int)wline.size(), &line[0], size_needed, NULL, NULL);
+#else
+        if (!std::getline(std::cin, line)) {
+            // Input stream is bad or EOF received
+            line.clear();
+            return false;
+        }
+#endif
+        if (!line.empty()) {
+            char last = line.back();
+            if (last == '/') { // Always return control on '/' symbol
+                line.pop_back();
+                return false;
+            }
+            if (last == '\\') { // '\\' changes the default action
+                line.pop_back();
+                multiline_input = !multiline_input;
+            }
+        }
+        line += '\n';
+
+        // By default, continue input if multiline_input is set
+        return multiline_input;
+    }
+
+    bool readline(std::string & line, bool multiline_input) {
+        set_display(user_input);
+
+        if (simple_io) {
+            return readline_simple(line, multiline_input);
+        }
+        return readline_advanced(line, multiline_input);
+    }
+
+}

common/console.h

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// Console functions
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace console {
+    enum display_t {
+        reset = 0,
+        prompt,
+        user_input,
+        error
+    };
+
+    void init(bool use_simple_io, bool use_advanced_display);
+    void cleanup();
+    void set_display(display_t display);
+    bool readline(std::string & line, bool multiline_input);
+}

common/grammar-parser.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,423 @@
+#include "grammar-parser.h"
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cwchar>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <exception>
+
+namespace grammar_parser {
+    // NOTE: assumes valid utf8 (but checks for overrun)
+    // copied from llama.cpp
+    std::pair<uint32_t, const char *> decode_utf8(const char * src) {
+        static const int lookup[] = { 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4 };
+        uint8_t  first_byte = static_cast<uint8_t>(*src);
+        uint8_t  highbits   = first_byte >> 4;
+        int      len        = lookup[highbits];
+        uint8_t  mask       = (1 << (8 - len)) - 1;
+        uint32_t value      = first_byte & mask;
+        const char * end    = src + len; // may overrun!
+        const char * pos    = src + 1;
+        for ( ; pos < end && *pos; pos++) {
+            value = (value << 6) + (static_cast<uint8_t>(*pos) & 0x3F);
+        }
+        return std::make_pair(value, pos);
+    }
+
+    uint32_t get_symbol_id(parse_state & state, const char * src, size_t len) {
+        uint32_t next_id = static_cast<uint32_t>(state.symbol_ids.size());
+        auto result = state.symbol_ids.insert(std::make_pair(std::string(src, len), next_id));
+        return result.first->second;
+    }
+
+    uint32_t generate_symbol_id(parse_state & state, const std::string & base_name) {
+        uint32_t next_id = static_cast<uint32_t>(state.symbol_ids.size());
+        state.symbol_ids[base_name + '_' + std::to_string(next_id)] = next_id;
+        return next_id;
+    }
+
+    void add_rule(
+            parse_state & state,
+            uint32_t      rule_id,
+            const std::vector<llama_grammar_element> & rule) {
+        if (state.rules.size() <= rule_id) {
+            state.rules.resize(rule_id + 1);
+        }
+        state.rules[rule_id] = rule;
+    }
+
+    bool is_word_char(char c) {
+        return ('a' <= c && c <= 'z') || ('A' <= c && c <= 'Z') || c == '-' || ('0' <= c && c <= '9');
+    }
+
+    std::pair<uint32_t, const char *> parse_hex(const char * src, int size) {
+        const char * pos   = src;
+        const char * end   = src + size;
+        uint32_t     value = 0;
+        for ( ; pos < end && *pos; pos++) {
+            value <<= 4;
+            char c = *pos;
+            if ('a' <= c && c <= 'f') {
+                value += c - 'a' + 10;
+            } else if ('A' <= c && c <= 'F') {
+                value += c - 'A' + 10;
+            } else if ('0' <= c && c <= '9') {
+                value += c - '0';
+            } else {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (pos != end) {
+            throw std::runtime_error("expecting " + std::to_string(size) + " hex chars at " + src);
+        }
+        return std::make_pair(value, pos);
+    }
+
+    const char * parse_space(const char * src, bool newline_ok) {
+        const char * pos = src;
+        while (*pos == ' ' || *pos == '\t' || *pos == '#' ||
+                (newline_ok && (*pos == '\r' || *pos == '\n'))) {
+            if (*pos == '#') {
+                while (*pos && *pos != '\r' && *pos != '\n') {
+                    pos++;
+                }
+            } else {
+                pos++;
+            }
+        }
+        return pos;
+    }
+
+    const char * parse_name(const char * src) {
+        const char * pos = src;
+        while (is_word_char(*pos)) {
+            pos++;
+        }
+        if (pos == src) {
+            throw std::runtime_error(std::string("expecting name at ") + src);
+        }
+        return pos;
+    }
+
+    std::pair<uint32_t, const char *> parse_char(const char * src) {
+        if (*src == '\\') {
+            switch (src[1]) {
+                case 'x': return parse_hex(src + 2, 2);
+                case 'u': return parse_hex(src + 2, 4);
+                case 'U': return parse_hex(src + 2, 8);
+                case 't': return std::make_pair('\t', src + 2);
+                case 'r': return std::make_pair('\r', src + 2);
+                case 'n': return std::make_pair('\n', src + 2);
+                case '\\':
+                case '"':
+                case '[':
+                case ']':
+                    return std::make_pair(src[1], src + 2);
+                default:
+                    throw std::runtime_error(std::string("unknown escape at ") + src);
+            }
+        } else if (*src) {
+            return decode_utf8(src);
+        }
+        throw std::runtime_error("unexpected end of input");
+    }
+
+    const char * parse_alternates(
+            parse_state       & state,
+            const char        * src,
+            const std::string & rule_name,
+            uint32_t            rule_id,
+            bool                is_nested);
+
+    const char * parse_sequence(
+            parse_state                        & state,
+            const char                         * src,
+            const std::string                  & rule_name,
+            std::vector<llama_grammar_element> & out_elements,
+            bool                                 is_nested) {
+        size_t last_sym_start = out_elements.size();
+        const char * pos = src;
+        while (*pos) {
+            if (*pos == '"') { // literal string
+                pos++;
+                last_sym_start = out_elements.size();
+                while (*pos != '"') {
+                    auto char_pair = parse_char(pos);
+                         pos       = char_pair.second;
+                    out_elements.push_back({LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR, char_pair.first});
+                }
+                pos = parse_space(pos + 1, is_nested);
+            } else if (*pos == '[') { // char range(s)
+                pos++;
+                enum llama_gretype start_type = LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR;
+                if (*pos == '^') {
+                    pos++;
+                    start_type = LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_NOT;
+                }
+                last_sym_start = out_elements.size();
+                while (*pos != ']') {
+                    auto char_pair = parse_char(pos);
+                         pos       = char_pair.second;
+                    enum llama_gretype type = last_sym_start < out_elements.size()
+                        ? LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_ALT
+                        : start_type;
+
+                    out_elements.push_back({type, char_pair.first});
+                    if (pos[0] == '-' && pos[1] != ']') {
+                        auto endchar_pair = parse_char(pos + 1);
+                             pos          = endchar_pair.second;
+                        out_elements.push_back({LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_RNG_UPPER, endchar_pair.first});
+                    }
+                }
+                pos = parse_space(pos + 1, is_nested);
+            } else if (is_word_char(*pos)) { // rule reference
+                const char * name_end    = parse_name(pos);
+                uint32_t     ref_rule_id = get_symbol_id(state, pos, name_end - pos);
+                pos = parse_space(name_end, is_nested);
+                last_sym_start = out_elements.size();
+                out_elements.push_back({LLAMA_GRETYPE_RULE_REF, ref_rule_id});
+            } else if (*pos == '(') { // grouping
+                // parse nested alternates into synthesized rule
+                pos = parse_space(pos + 1, true);
+                uint32_t sub_rule_id = generate_symbol_id(state, rule_name);
+                pos = parse_alternates(state, pos, rule_name, sub_rule_id, true);
+                last_sym_start = out_elements.size();
+                // output reference to synthesized rule
+                out_elements.push_back({LLAMA_GRETYPE_RULE_REF, sub_rule_id});
+                if (*pos != ')') {
+                    throw std::runtime_error(std::string("expecting ')' at ") + pos);
+                }
+                pos = parse_space(pos + 1, is_nested);
+            } else if (*pos == '*' || *pos == '+' || *pos == '?') { // repetition operator
+                if (last_sym_start == out_elements.size()) {
+                    throw std::runtime_error(std::string("expecting preceeding item to */+/? at ") + pos);
+                }
+
+                // apply transformation to previous symbol (last_sym_start to end) according to
+                // rewrite rules:
+                // S* --> S' ::= S S' |
+                // S+ --> S' ::= S S' | S
+                // S? --> S' ::= S |
+                uint32_t sub_rule_id = generate_symbol_id(state, rule_name);
+                std::vector<llama_grammar_element> sub_rule;
+                // add preceding symbol to generated rule
+                sub_rule.insert(
+                    sub_rule.end(), out_elements.begin() + last_sym_start, out_elements.end());
+                if (*pos == '*' || *pos == '+') {
+                    // cause generated rule to recurse
+                    sub_rule.push_back({LLAMA_GRETYPE_RULE_REF, sub_rule_id});
+                }
+                // mark start of alternate def
+                sub_rule.push_back({LLAMA_GRETYPE_ALT, 0});
+                if (*pos == '+') {
+                    // add preceding symbol as alternate only for '+' (otherwise empty)
+                    sub_rule.insert(
+                        sub_rule.end(), out_elements.begin() + last_sym_start, out_elements.end());
+                }
+                sub_rule.push_back({LLAMA_GRETYPE_END, 0});
+                add_rule(state, sub_rule_id, sub_rule);
+
+                // in original rule, replace previous symbol with reference to generated rule
+                out_elements.resize(last_sym_start);
+                out_elements.push_back({LLAMA_GRETYPE_RULE_REF, sub_rule_id});
+
+                pos = parse_space(pos + 1, is_nested);
+            } else {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        return pos;
+    }
+
+    const char * parse_alternates(
+            parse_state       & state,
+            const char        * src,
+            const std::string & rule_name,
+            uint32_t            rule_id,
+            bool                is_nested) {
+        std::vector<llama_grammar_element> rule;
+        const char * pos = parse_sequence(state, src, rule_name, rule, is_nested);
+        while (*pos == '|') {
+            rule.push_back({LLAMA_GRETYPE_ALT, 0});
+            pos = parse_space(pos + 1, true);
+            pos = parse_sequence(state, pos, rule_name, rule, is_nested);
+        }
+        rule.push_back({LLAMA_GRETYPE_END, 0});
+        add_rule(state, rule_id, rule);
+        return pos;
+    }
+
+    const char * parse_rule(parse_state & state, const char * src) {
+        const char * name_end = parse_name(src);
+        const char * pos      = parse_space(name_end, false);
+        size_t       name_len = name_end - src;
+        uint32_t     rule_id  = get_symbol_id(state, src, name_len);
+        const std::string name(src, name_len);
+
+        if (!(pos[0] == ':' && pos[1] == ':' && pos[2] == '=')) {
+            throw std::runtime_error(std::string("expecting ::= at ") + pos);
+        }
+        pos = parse_space(pos + 3, true);
+
+        pos = parse_alternates(state, pos, name, rule_id, false);
+
+        if (*pos == '\r') {
+            pos += pos[1] == '\n' ? 2 : 1;
+        } else if (*pos == '\n') {
+            pos++;
+        } else if (*pos) {
+            throw std::runtime_error(std::string("expecting newline or end at ") + pos);
+        }
+        return parse_space(pos, true);
+    }
+
+    parse_state parse(const char * src) {
+        try {
+            parse_state state;
+            const char * pos = parse_space(src, true);
+            while (*pos) {
+                pos = parse_rule(state, pos);
+            }
+            return state;
+        } catch (const std::exception & err) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "%s: error parsing grammar: %s\n", __func__, err.what());
+            return parse_state();
+        }
+    }
+
+    void print_grammar_char(FILE * file, uint32_t c) {
+        if (0x20 <= c && c <= 0x7f) {
+            fprintf(file, "%c", static_cast<char>(c));
+        } else {
+            // cop out of encoding UTF-8
+            fprintf(file, "<U+%04X>", c);
+        }
+    }
+
+    bool is_char_element(llama_grammar_element elem) {
+        switch (elem.type) {
+            case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR:           return true;
+            case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_NOT:       return true;
+            case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_ALT:       return true;
+            case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_RNG_UPPER: return true;
+            default:                           return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    void print_rule_binary(FILE * file, const std::vector<llama_grammar_element> & rule) {
+        for (auto elem : rule) {
+            switch (elem.type) {
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_END:            fprintf(file, "END");            break;
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_ALT:            fprintf(file, "ALT");            break;
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_RULE_REF:       fprintf(file, "RULE_REF");       break;
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR:           fprintf(file, "CHAR");           break;
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_NOT:       fprintf(file, "CHAR_NOT");       break;
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_RNG_UPPER: fprintf(file, "CHAR_RNG_UPPER"); break;
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_ALT:       fprintf(file, "CHAR_ALT");       break;
+            }
+            switch (elem.type) {
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_END:
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_ALT:
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_RULE_REF:
+                    fprintf(file, "(%u) ", elem.value);
+                    break;
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR:
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_NOT:
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_RNG_UPPER:
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_ALT:
+                    fprintf(file, "(\"");
+                    print_grammar_char(file, elem.value);
+                    fprintf(file, "\") ");
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+        fprintf(file, "\n");
+    }
+
+    void print_rule(
+            FILE     * file,
+            uint32_t   rule_id,
+            const std::vector<llama_grammar_element> & rule,
+            const std::map<uint32_t, std::string>    & symbol_id_names) {
+        if (rule.empty() || rule.back().type != LLAMA_GRETYPE_END) {
+            throw std::runtime_error(
+                "malformed rule, does not end with LLAMA_GRETYPE_END: " + std::to_string(rule_id));
+        }
+        fprintf(file, "%s ::= ", symbol_id_names.at(rule_id).c_str());
+        for (size_t i = 0, end = rule.size() - 1; i < end; i++) {
+            llama_grammar_element elem = rule[i];
+            switch (elem.type) {
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_END:
+                    throw std::runtime_error(
+                        "unexpected end of rule: " + std::to_string(rule_id) + "," +
+                        std::to_string(i));
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_ALT:
+                    fprintf(file, "| ");
+                    break;
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_RULE_REF:
+                    fprintf(file, "%s ", symbol_id_names.at(elem.value).c_str());
+                    break;
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR:
+                    fprintf(file, "[");
+                    print_grammar_char(file, elem.value);
+                    break;
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_NOT:
+                    fprintf(file, "[^");
+                    print_grammar_char(file, elem.value);
+                    break;
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_RNG_UPPER:
+                    if (i == 0 || !is_char_element(rule[i - 1])) {
+                        throw std::runtime_error(
+                            "LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_RNG_UPPER without preceding char: " +
+                            std::to_string(rule_id) + "," + std::to_string(i));
+                    }
+                    fprintf(file, "-");
+                    print_grammar_char(file, elem.value);
+                    break;
+                case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_ALT:
+                    if (i == 0 || !is_char_element(rule[i - 1])) {
+                        throw std::runtime_error(
+                            "LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_ALT without preceding char: " +
+                            std::to_string(rule_id) + "," + std::to_string(i));
+                    }
+                    print_grammar_char(file, elem.value);
+                    break;
+            }
+            if (is_char_element(elem)) {
+                switch (rule[i + 1].type) {
+                    case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_ALT:
+                    case LLAMA_GRETYPE_CHAR_RNG_UPPER:
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        fprintf(file, "] ");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        fprintf(file, "\n");
+    }
+
+    void print_grammar(FILE * file, const parse_state & state) {
+        try {
+            std::map<uint32_t, std::string> symbol_id_names;
+            for (auto kv : state.symbol_ids) {
+                symbol_id_names[kv.second] = kv.first;
+            }
+            for (size_t i = 0, end = state.rules.size(); i < end; i++) {
+                // fprintf(file, "%zu: ", i);
+                // print_rule_binary(file, state.rules[i]);
+                print_rule(file, uint32_t(i), state.rules[i], symbol_id_names);
+                // fprintf(file, "\n");
+            }
+        } catch (const std::exception & err) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "\n%s: error printing grammar: %s\n", __func__, err.what());
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::vector<const llama_grammar_element *> parse_state::c_rules() {
+        std::vector<const llama_grammar_element *> ret;
+        for (const auto & rule : rules) {
+            ret.push_back(rule.data());
+        }
+        return ret;
+    }
+}

common/grammar-parser.h

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// Implements a parser for an extended Backus-Naur form (BNF), producing the
+// binary context-free grammar format specified by llama.h. Supports character
+// ranges, grouping, and repetition operators. As an example, a grammar for
+// arithmetic might look like:
+//
+// root  ::= expr
+// expr  ::= term ([-+*/] term)*
+// term  ::= num | "(" space expr ")" space
+// num   ::= [0-9]+ space
+// space ::= [ \t\n]*
+
+#pragma once
+#include "llama.h"
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace grammar_parser {
+    struct parse_state {
+        std::map<std::string, uint32_t>                 symbol_ids;
+        std::vector<std::vector<llama_grammar_element>> rules;
+
+        std::vector<const llama_grammar_element *> c_rules();
+    };
+
+    parse_state parse(const char * src);
+    void print_grammar(FILE * file, const parse_state & state);
+}

common/log.h

@@ -0,0 +1,643 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <thread>
+#include <vector>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cinttypes>
+
+// --------------------------------
+//
+// Basic usage:
+//
+// --------
+//
+//  The LOG() and LOG_TEE() macros are ready to go by default
+//   they do not require any initialization.
+//
+//  LOGLN() and LOG_TEELN() are variants which automatically
+//   include \n character at the end of the log string.
+//
+//  LOG() behaves exactly like printf, by default writing to a logfile.
+//  LOG_TEE() additionally, prints to the screen too ( mimics Unix tee command ).
+//
+//  Default logfile is named
+//   "llama.<threadID>.log"
+//  Default LOG_TEE() secondary output target is
+//   stderr
+//
+//  Logs can be dynamically disabled or enabled using functions:
+//   log_disable()
+//  and
+//   log_enable()
+//
+//  A log target can be changed with:
+//   log_set_target( string )
+//    creating and opening, or re-opening a file by string filename
+//  or
+//   log_set_target( FILE* )
+//    allowing to point at stderr, stdout, or any valid FILE* file handler.
+//
+// --------
+//
+// End of Basic usage.
+//
+// --------------------------------
+
+// Specifies a log target.
+//  default uses log_handler() with "llama.log" log file
+//  this can be changed, by defining LOG_TARGET
+//  like so:
+//
+//  #define LOG_TARGET (a valid FILE*)
+//  #include "log.h"
+//
+//  or it can be simply redirected to stdout or stderr
+//  like so:
+//
+//  #define LOG_TARGET stderr
+//  #include "log.h"
+//
+//  The log target can also be redirected to a diffrent function
+//  like so:
+//
+//  #define LOG_TARGET log_handler_diffrent()
+//  #include "log.h"
+//
+//  FILE* log_handler_diffrent()
+//  {
+//      return stderr;
+//  }
+//
+//  or:
+//
+//  #define LOG_TARGET log_handler_another_one("somelog.log")
+//  #include "log.h"
+//
+//  FILE* log_handler_another_one(char*filename)
+//  {
+//      static FILE* logfile = nullptr;
+//      (...)
+//      if( !logfile )
+//      {
+//          fopen(...)
+//      }
+//      (...)
+//      return logfile
+//  }
+//
+#ifndef LOG_TARGET
+    #define LOG_TARGET log_handler()
+#endif
+
+#ifndef LOG_TEE_TARGET
+    #define LOG_TEE_TARGET stderr
+#endif
+
+// Utility to obtain "pid" like unique process id and use it when creating log files.
+inline std::string log_get_pid()
+{
+    static std::string pid;
+    if (pid.empty())
+    {
+        // std::this_thread::get_id() is the most portable way of obtaining a "process id"
+        //  it's not the same as "pid" but is unique enough to solve multiple instances
+        //  trying to write to the same log.
+        std::stringstream ss;
+        ss << std::this_thread::get_id();
+        pid = ss.str();
+    }
+
+    return pid;
+}
+
+// Utility function for generating log file names with unique id based on thread id.
+//  invocation with log_filename_generator( "llama", "log" ) creates a string "llama.<number>.log"
+//  where the number is a runtime id of the current thread.
+
+#define log_filename_generator(log_file_basename, log_file_extension) log_filename_generator_impl(log_file_basename, log_file_extension)
+
+// INTERNAL, DO NOT USE
+inline std::string log_filename_generator_impl(const std::string & log_file_basename, const std::string & log_file_extension)
+{
+    std::stringstream buf;
+
+    buf << log_file_basename;
+    buf << ".";
+    buf << log_get_pid();
+    buf << ".";
+    buf << log_file_extension;
+
+    return buf.str();
+}
+
+#ifndef LOG_DEFAULT_FILE_NAME
+    #define LOG_DEFAULT_FILE_NAME log_filename_generator("llama", "log")
+#endif
+
+// Utility for turning #define values into string literals
+//  so we can have a define for stderr and
+//  we can print "stderr" instead of literal stderr, etc.
+#define LOG_STRINGIZE1(s) #s
+#define LOG_STRINGIZE(s) LOG_STRINGIZE1(s)
+
+#define LOG_TEE_TARGET_STRING LOG_STRINGIZE(LOG_TEE_TARGET)
+
+// Allows disabling timestamps.
+//  in order to disable, define LOG_NO_TIMESTAMPS
+//  like so:
+//
+//  #define LOG_NO_TIMESTAMPS
+//  #include "log.h"
+//
+#ifndef LOG_NO_TIMESTAMPS
+    #ifndef _MSC_VER
+        #define LOG_TIMESTAMP_FMT "[%" PRIu64 "] "
+        #define LOG_TIMESTAMP_VAL , (std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::duration<std::uint64_t>>(std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch())).count()
+    #else
+        #define LOG_TIMESTAMP_FMT "[%" PRIu64 "] "
+        #define LOG_TIMESTAMP_VAL , (std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::duration<std::uint64_t>>(std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch())).count()
+    #endif
+#else
+    #define LOG_TIMESTAMP_FMT "%s"
+    #define LOG_TIMESTAMP_VAL ,""
+#endif
+
+#ifdef LOG_TEE_TIMESTAMPS
+    #ifndef _MSC_VER
+        #define LOG_TEE_TIMESTAMP_FMT "[%" PRIu64 "] "
+        #define LOG_TEE_TIMESTAMP_VAL , (std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::duration<std::uint64_t>>(std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch())).count()
+    #else
+        #define LOG_TEE_TIMESTAMP_FMT "[%" PRIu64 "] "
+        #define LOG_TEE_TIMESTAMP_VAL , (std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::duration<std::uint64_t>>(std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch())).count()
+    #endif
+#else
+    #define LOG_TEE_TIMESTAMP_FMT "%s"
+    #define LOG_TEE_TIMESTAMP_VAL ,""
+#endif
+
+// Allows disabling file/line/function prefix
+//  in order to disable, define LOG_NO_FILE_LINE_FUNCTION
+//  like so:
+//
+//  #define LOG_NO_FILE_LINE_FUNCTION
+//  #include "log.h"
+//
+#ifndef LOG_NO_FILE_LINE_FUNCTION
+    #ifndef _MSC_VER
+        #define LOG_FLF_FMT "[%24s:%5d][%24s] "
+        #define LOG_FLF_VAL , __FILE__, __LINE__, __FUNCTION__
+    #else
+        #define LOG_FLF_FMT "[%24s:%5ld][%24s] "
+        #define LOG_FLF_VAL , __FILE__, __LINE__, __FUNCTION__
+    #endif
+#else
+    #define LOG_FLF_FMT "%s"
+    #define LOG_FLF_VAL ,""
+#endif
+
+#ifdef LOG_TEE_FILE_LINE_FUNCTION
+    #ifndef _MSC_VER
+        #define LOG_TEE_FLF_FMT "[%24s:%5d][%24s] "
+        #define LOG_TEE_FLF_VAL , __FILE__, __LINE__, __FUNCTION__
+    #else
+        #define LOG_TEE_FLF_FMT "[%24s:%5ld][%24s] "
+        #define LOG_TEE_FLF_VAL , __FILE__, __LINE__, __FUNCTION__
+    #endif
+#else
+    #define LOG_TEE_FLF_FMT "%s"
+    #define LOG_TEE_FLF_VAL ,""
+#endif
+
+// Utility for synchronizing log configuration state
+//  since std::optional was introduced only in c++17
+enum LogTriState
+{
+    LogTriStateSame,
+    LogTriStateFalse,
+    LogTriStateTrue
+};
+
+// INTERNAL, DO NOT USE
+//  USE LOG() INSTEAD
+//
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+    #define LOG_IMPL(str, ...)                                                                                          \
+    {                                                                                                               \
+        if (LOG_TARGET != nullptr)                                                                                  \
+        {                                                                                                           \
+            fprintf(LOG_TARGET, LOG_TIMESTAMP_FMT LOG_FLF_FMT str "%s" LOG_TIMESTAMP_VAL LOG_FLF_VAL, __VA_ARGS__); \
+            fflush(LOG_TARGET);                                                                                     \
+        }                                                                                                           \
+    }
+#else
+    #define LOG_IMPL(str, ...)                                                                                               \
+    {                                                                                                                    \
+        if (LOG_TARGET != nullptr)                                                                                       \
+        {                                                                                                                \
+            fprintf(LOG_TARGET, LOG_TIMESTAMP_FMT LOG_FLF_FMT str "%s" LOG_TIMESTAMP_VAL LOG_FLF_VAL "", ##__VA_ARGS__); \
+            fflush(LOG_TARGET);                                                                                          \
+        }                                                                                                                \
+    }
+#endif
+
+// INTERNAL, DO NOT USE
+//  USE LOG_TEE() INSTEAD
+//
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+    #define LOG_TEE_IMPL(str, ...)                                                                                                          \
+    {                                                                                                                                   \
+        if (LOG_TARGET != nullptr)                                                                                                      \
+        {                                                                                                                               \
+            fprintf(LOG_TARGET, LOG_TIMESTAMP_FMT LOG_FLF_FMT str "%s" LOG_TIMESTAMP_VAL LOG_FLF_VAL, __VA_ARGS__);                     \
+            fflush(LOG_TARGET);                                                                                                         \
+        }                                                                                                                               \
+        if (LOG_TARGET != nullptr && LOG_TARGET != stdout && LOG_TARGET != stderr && LOG_TEE_TARGET != nullptr)                         \
+        {                                                                                                                               \
+            fprintf(LOG_TEE_TARGET, LOG_TEE_TIMESTAMP_FMT LOG_TEE_FLF_FMT str "%s" LOG_TEE_TIMESTAMP_VAL LOG_TEE_FLF_VAL, __VA_ARGS__); \
+            fflush(LOG_TEE_TARGET);                                                                                                     \
+        }                                                                                                                               \
+    }
+#else
+    #define LOG_TEE_IMPL(str, ...)                                                                                                               \
+    {                                                                                                                                        \
+        if (LOG_TARGET != nullptr)                                                                                                           \
+        {                                                                                                                                    \
+            fprintf(LOG_TARGET, LOG_TIMESTAMP_FMT LOG_FLF_FMT str "%s" LOG_TIMESTAMP_VAL LOG_FLF_VAL "", ##__VA_ARGS__);                     \
+            fflush(LOG_TARGET);                                                                                                              \
+        }                                                                                                                                    \
+        if (LOG_TARGET != nullptr && LOG_TARGET != stdout && LOG_TARGET != stderr && LOG_TEE_TARGET != nullptr)                              \
+        {                                                                                                                                    \
+            fprintf(LOG_TEE_TARGET, LOG_TEE_TIMESTAMP_FMT LOG_TEE_FLF_FMT str "%s" LOG_TEE_TIMESTAMP_VAL LOG_TEE_FLF_VAL "", ##__VA_ARGS__); \
+            fflush(LOG_TEE_TARGET);                                                                                                          \
+        }                                                                                                                                    \
+    }
+#endif
+
+// The '\0' as a last argument, is a trick to bypass the silly
+//  "warning: ISO C++11 requires at least one argument for the "..." in a variadic macro"
+//  so we can have a single macro which can be called just like printf.
+
+// Main LOG macro.
+//  behaves like printf, and supports arguments the exact same way.
+//
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+    #define LOG(...) LOG_IMPL(__VA_ARGS__, "")
+#else
+    #define LOG(str, ...) LOG_IMPL("%s" str, "", __VA_ARGS__, "")
+#endif
+
+// Main TEE macro.
+//  does the same as LOG
+//  and
+//  simultaneously writes stderr.
+//
+// Secondary target can be changed just like LOG_TARGET
+//  by defining LOG_TEE_TARGET
+//
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+    #define LOG_TEE(...) LOG_TEE_IMPL(__VA_ARGS__, "")
+#else
+    #define LOG_TEE(str, ...) LOG_TEE_IMPL("%s" str, "", __VA_ARGS__, "")
+#endif
+
+// LOG macro variants with auto endline.
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+    #define LOGLN(...) LOG_IMPL(__VA_ARGS__, "\n")
+    #define LOG_TEELN(...) LOG_TEE_IMPL(__VA_ARGS__, "\n")
+#else
+    #define LOGLN(str, ...) LOG_IMPL("%s" str, "", __VA_ARGS__, "\n")
+    #define LOG_TEELN(str, ...) LOG_TEE_IMPL("%s" str, "", __VA_ARGS__, "\n")
+#endif
+
+// INTERNAL, DO NOT USE
+inline FILE *log_handler1_impl(bool change = false, LogTriState disable = LogTriStateSame, const std::string & filename = LOG_DEFAULT_FILE_NAME, FILE *target = nullptr)
+{
+    static bool _initialized{false};
+    static bool _disabled{(filename.empty() && target == nullptr)};
+    static std::string log_current_filename{filename};
+    static FILE *log_current_target{target};
+    static FILE *logfile = nullptr;
+
+    if (change)
+    {
+        if (disable == LogTriStateTrue)
+        {
+            // Disable primary target
+            _disabled = true;
+        }
+        // If previously disabled, only enable, and keep previous target
+        else if (disable == LogTriStateFalse)
+        {
+            _disabled = false;
+        }
+        // Otherwise, process the arguments
+        else if (log_current_filename != filename || log_current_target != target)
+        {
+            _initialized = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (_disabled)
+    {
+        // Log is disabled
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    if (_initialized)
+    {
+        // with fallback in case something went wrong
+        return logfile ? logfile : stderr;
+    }
+
+    // do the (re)initialization
+    if (target != nullptr)
+    {
+        if (logfile != nullptr && logfile != stdout && logfile != stderr)
+        {
+            fclose(logfile);
+        }
+
+        log_current_filename = LOG_DEFAULT_FILE_NAME;
+        log_current_target = target;
+
+        logfile = target;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if (log_current_filename != filename)
+        {
+            if (logfile != nullptr && logfile != stdout && logfile != stderr)
+            {
+                fclose(logfile);
+            }
+        }
+
+        logfile = fopen(filename.c_str(), "w");
+    }
+
+    if (!logfile)
+    {
+        //  Verify whether the file was opened, otherwise fallback to stderr
+        logfile = stderr;
+
+        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open logfile '%s' with error '%s'\n", filename.c_str(), std::strerror(errno));
+        fflush(stderr);
+
+        // At this point we let the init flag be to true below, and let the target fallback to stderr
+        //  otherwise we would repeatedly fopen() which was already unsuccessful
+    }
+
+    _initialized = true;
+
+    return logfile ? logfile : stderr;
+}
+
+// INTERNAL, DO NOT USE
+inline FILE *log_handler2_impl(bool change = false, LogTriState disable = LogTriStateSame, FILE *target = nullptr, const std::string & filename = LOG_DEFAULT_FILE_NAME)
+{
+    return log_handler1_impl(change, disable, filename, target);
+}
+
+// Disables logs entirely at runtime.
+//  Makes LOG() and LOG_TEE() produce no output,
+//  untill enabled back.
+#define log_disable() log_disable_impl()
+
+// INTERNAL, DO NOT USE
+inline FILE *log_disable_impl()
+{
+    return log_handler1_impl(true, LogTriStateTrue);
+}
+
+// Enables logs at runtime.
+#define log_enable() log_enable_impl()
+
+// INTERNAL, DO NOT USE
+inline FILE *log_enable_impl()
+{
+    return log_handler1_impl(true, LogTriStateFalse);
+}
+
+// Sets target fir logs, either by a file name or FILE* pointer (stdout, stderr, or any valid FILE*)
+#define log_set_target(target) log_set_target_impl(target)
+
+// INTERNAL, DO NOT USE
+inline FILE *log_set_target_impl(const std::string & filename) { return log_handler1_impl(true, LogTriStateSame, filename); }
+inline FILE *log_set_target_impl(FILE *target) { return log_handler2_impl(true, LogTriStateSame, target); }
+
+// INTERNAL, DO NOT USE
+inline FILE *log_handler() { return log_handler1_impl(); }
+
+inline void log_test()
+{
+    log_disable();
+    LOG("01 Hello World to nobody, because logs are disabled!\n")
+    log_enable();
+    LOG("02 Hello World to default output, which is \"%s\" ( Yaaay, arguments! )!\n", LOG_STRINGIZE(LOG_TARGET))
+    LOG_TEE("03 Hello World to **both** default output and " LOG_TEE_TARGET_STRING "!\n")
+    log_set_target(stderr);
+    LOG("04 Hello World to stderr!\n")
+    LOG_TEE("05 Hello World TEE with double printing to stderr prevented!\n")
+    log_set_target(LOG_DEFAULT_FILE_NAME);
+    LOG("06 Hello World to default log file!\n")
+    log_set_target(stdout);
+    LOG("07 Hello World to stdout!\n")
+    log_set_target(LOG_DEFAULT_FILE_NAME);
+    LOG("08 Hello World to default log file again!\n")
+    log_disable();
+    LOG("09 Hello World _1_ into the void!\n")
+    log_enable();
+    LOG("10 Hello World back from the void ( you should not see _1_ in the log or the output )!\n")
+    log_disable();
+    log_set_target("llama.anotherlog.log");
+    LOG("11 Hello World _2_ to nobody, new target was selected but logs are still disabled!\n")
+    log_enable();
+    LOG("12 Hello World this time in a new file ( you should not see _2_ in the log or the output )?\n")
+    log_set_target("llama.yetanotherlog.log");
+    LOG("13 Hello World this time in yet new file?\n")
+    log_set_target(log_filename_generator("llama_autonamed", "log"));
+    LOG("14 Hello World in log with generated filename!\n")
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+    LOG_TEE("15 Hello msvc TEE without arguments\n")
+    LOG_TEE("16 Hello msvc TEE with (%d)(%s) arguments\n", 1, "test")
+    LOG_TEELN("17 Hello msvc TEELN without arguments\n")
+    LOG_TEELN("18 Hello msvc TEELN with (%d)(%s) arguments\n", 1, "test")
+    LOG("19 Hello msvc LOG without arguments\n")
+    LOG("20 Hello msvc LOG with (%d)(%s) arguments\n", 1, "test")
+    LOGLN("21 Hello msvc LOGLN without arguments\n")
+    LOGLN("22 Hello msvc LOGLN with (%d)(%s) arguments\n", 1, "test")
+#endif
+}
+
+inline bool log_param_single_parse(const std::string & param)
+{
+    if ( param == "--log-test")
+    {
+        log_test();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    if ( param == "--log-disable")
+    {
+        log_disable();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    if ( param == "--log-enable")
+    {
+        log_enable();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+inline bool log_param_pair_parse(bool check_but_dont_parse, const std::string & param, const std::string & next = std::string())
+{
+    if ( param == "--log-file")
+    {
+        if (!check_but_dont_parse)
+        {
+            log_set_target(log_filename_generator(next.empty() ? "unnamed" : next, "log"));
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+inline void log_print_usage()
+{
+    fprintf(stdout, "log options:\n");
+    /* format
+    fprintf(stdout, "  -h, --help            show this help message and exit\n");*/
+    /* spacing
+    fprintf(stdout, "__-param----------------Description\n");*/
+    fprintf(stdout, "  --log-test            Run simple logging test\n");
+    fprintf(stdout, "  --log-disable         Disable trace logs\n");
+    fprintf(stdout, "  --log-enable          Enable trace logs\n");
+    fprintf(stdout, "  --log-file            Specify a log filename (without extension)\n");
+    fprintf(stdout, "                        Log file will be tagged with unique ID and written as \"<name>.<ID>.log\"\n"); /*  */
+}
+
+#define log_dump_cmdline(argc, argv) log_dump_cmdline_impl(argc, argv)
+
+// INTERNAL, DO NOT USE
+inline void log_dump_cmdline_impl(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+    std::stringstream buf;
+    for (int i = 0; i < argc; ++i)
+    {
+        if (std::string(argv[i]).find(' ') != std::string::npos)
+        {
+            buf << " \"" << argv[i] <<"\"";
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            buf << " " << argv[i];
+        }
+    }
+    LOGLN("Cmd:%s", buf.str().c_str())
+}
+
+#define log_tostr(var) log_var_to_string_impl(var).c_str()
+
+inline std::string log_var_to_string_impl(bool var)
+{
+    return var ? "true" : "false";
+}
+
+inline std::string log_var_to_string_impl(std::string var)
+{
+    return var;
+}
+
+inline std::string log_var_to_string_impl(const std::vector<int> & var)
+{
+    std::stringstream buf;
+    buf << "[ ";
+    bool first = true;
+    for (auto e : var)
+    {
+        if (first)
+        {
+            first = false;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            buf << ", ";
+        }
+        buf << std::to_string(e);
+    }
+    buf << " ]";
+
+    return buf.str();
+}
+
+#define LOG_TOKENS_TOSTR_PRETTY(ctx, tokens)                                 \
+    [&tokens, &ctx]()                                                        \
+    {                                                                        \
+        std::stringstream buf;                                               \
+        buf << "[ ";                                                         \
+                                                                             \
+        bool first = true;                                                   \
+        for (const auto &token : tokens)                                     \
+        {                                                                    \
+            if (!first)                                                      \
+                buf << ", ";                                                 \
+            else                                                             \
+                first = false;                                               \
+                                                                             \
+            auto detokenized = llama_token_to_piece(ctx, token);             \
+                                                                             \
+            detokenized.erase(                                               \
+                std::remove_if(                                              \
+                    detokenized.begin(),                                     \
+                    detokenized.end(),                                       \
+                    [](const unsigned char c) { return !std::isprint(c); }), \
+                detokenized.end());                                          \
+                                                                             \
+            buf                                                              \
+                << "'" << detokenized << "'"                                 \
+                << ":" << std::to_string(token);                             \
+        }                                                                    \
+        buf << " ]";                                                         \
+                                                                             \
+        return buf.str();                                                    \
+    }()                                                                      \
+        .c_str()
+
+#ifdef LOG_DISABLE_LOGS
+
+#undef LOG
+#define LOG(...) // dummy stub
+#undef LOGLN
+#define LOGLN(...) // dummy stub
+
+#undef LOG_TEE
+#define LOG_TEE(...) fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__); // convert to normal fprintf
+
+#undef LOG_TEELN
+#define LOG_TEELN(...) fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__); // convert to normal fprintf
+
+#undef LOG_DISABLE
+#define LOG_DISABLE() // dummy stub
+
+#undef LOG_ENABLE
+#define LOG_ENABLE() // dummy stub
+
+#undef LOG_ENABLE
+#define LOG_ENABLE() // dummy stub
+
+#undef LOG_SET_TARGET
+#define LOG_SET_TARGET(...) // dummy stub
+
+#undef LOG_DUMP_CMDLINE
+#define LOG_DUMP_CMDLINE(...) // dummy stub
+
+#endif // LOG_DISABLE_LOGS

convert-falcon-hf-to-gguf.py

@@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# HF falcon--> gguf conversion
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import os
+import struct
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any
+
+import numpy as np
+import torch
+from transformers import AutoTokenizer  # type: ignore[import]
+
+if 'NO_LOCAL_GGUF' not in os.environ:
+    sys.path.insert(1, str(Path(__file__).parent / 'gguf-py' / 'gguf'))
+import gguf
+
+
+def bytes_to_unicode():
+    # ref: https://github.com/openai/gpt-2/blob/master/src/encoder.py
+    """
+    Returns list of utf-8 byte and a corresponding list of unicode strings.
+    The reversible bpe codes work on unicode strings.
+    This means you need a large # of unicode characters in your vocab if you want to avoid UNKs.
+    When you're at something like a 10B token dataset you end up needing around 5K for decent coverage.
+    This is a significant percentage of your normal, say, 32K bpe vocab.
+    To avoid that, we want lookup tables between utf-8 bytes and unicode strings.
+    And avoids mapping to whitespace/control characters the bpe code barfs on.
+    """
+    bs = list(range(ord("!"), ord("~")+1))+list(range(ord("¡"), ord("¬")+1))+list(range(ord("®"), ord("ÿ")+1))
+    cs = bs[:]
+    n = 0
+    for b in range(2**8):
+        if b not in bs:
+            bs.append(b)
+            cs.append(2**8+n)
+            n += 1
+    return dict(zip(bs, (chr(n) for n in cs)))
+
+
+def count_model_parts(dir_model: Path) -> int:
+    num_parts = 0
+    for filename in os.listdir(dir_model):
+        if filename.startswith("pytorch_model-"):
+            num_parts += 1
+
+    if num_parts > 0:
+        print("gguf: found " + str(num_parts) + " model parts")
+    return num_parts
+
+
+def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Convert a Falcon model to a GGML compatible file")
+    parser.add_argument("--vocab-only",  action="store_true",    help="extract only the vocab")
+    parser.add_argument("--outfile",     type=Path,              help="path to write to; default: based on input")
+    parser.add_argument("model",         type=Path,              help="directory containing model file, or model file itself (*.bin)")
+    parser.add_argument("ftype",     type=int, choices=[0, 1],   help="output format - use 0 for float32, 1 for float16", default = 1)
+    return parser.parse_args()
+
+args = parse_args()
+
+dir_model = args.model
+ftype = args.ftype
+if not dir_model.is_dir():
+    print(f'Error: {args.model} is not a directory', file = sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+# possible tensor data types
+#   ftype == 0 -> float32
+#   ftype == 1 -> float16
+
+# map from ftype to string
+ftype_str = ["f32", "f16"]
+
+if args.outfile is not None:
+    fname_out = args.outfile
+else:
+    # output in the same directory as the model by default
+    fname_out = dir_model / f'ggml-model-{ftype_str[ftype]}.gguf'
+
+print("gguf: loading model "+dir_model.name)
+
+with open(dir_model / "config.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+    hparams = json.load(f)
+
+if hparams["architectures"][0] != "RWForCausalLM":
+    print("Model architecture not supported: " + hparams["architectures"][0])
+
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+# get number of model parts
+num_parts = count_model_parts(dir_model)
+
+ARCH=gguf.MODEL_ARCH.FALCON
+gguf_writer = gguf.GGUFWriter(fname_out, gguf.MODEL_ARCH_NAMES[ARCH])
+
+print("gguf: get model metadata")
+
+block_count = hparams["n_layer"]
+
+gguf_writer.add_name("Falcon")
+gguf_writer.add_context_length(2048) # not in config.json
+gguf_writer.add_tensor_data_layout("jploski") # qkv tensor transform
+gguf_writer.add_embedding_length(hparams["hidden_size"])
+gguf_writer.add_feed_forward_length(4 * hparams["hidden_size"])
+gguf_writer.add_block_count(block_count)
+gguf_writer.add_head_count(hparams["n_head"])
+if "n_head_kv" in hparams:
+    gguf_writer.add_head_count_kv(hparams["n_head_kv"])
+else:
+    gguf_writer.add_head_count_kv(1)
+gguf_writer.add_layer_norm_eps(hparams["layer_norm_epsilon"])
+gguf_writer.add_file_type(ftype)
+
+# TOKENIZATION
+
+print("gguf: get tokenizer metadata")
+
+tokens: list[bytearray] = []
+scores: list[float] = []
+toktypes: list[int] = []
+
+tokenizer_json_file = dir_model / 'tokenizer.json'
+if not tokenizer_json_file.is_file():
+    print(f'Error: Missing {tokenizer_json_file}', file = sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+# gpt2 tokenizer
+gguf_writer.add_tokenizer_model("gpt2")
+
+with open(tokenizer_json_file, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+    tokenizer_json = json.load(f)
+
+print("gguf: get gpt2 tokenizer vocab")
+
+vocab_size = len(tokenizer_json["model"]["vocab"])
+
+# ref: https://github.com/cmp-nct/ggllm.cpp/blob/master/falcon_convert.py
+tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(dir_model)
+
+reverse_vocab = {id: encoded_tok for encoded_tok, id in tokenizer.vocab.items()}
+byte_encoder = bytes_to_unicode()
+byte_decoder = {v: k for k, v in byte_encoder.items()}
+
+for i in range(vocab_size):
+    if i in reverse_vocab:
+        try:
+            text = bytearray([byte_decoder[c] for c in reverse_vocab[i]])
+        except KeyError:
+            text = bytearray()
+            for c in reverse_vocab[i]:
+                if ord(c) < 256:  # single byte character
+                    text.append(byte_decoder[ord(c)])
+                else:  # multibyte special token character
+                    text.extend(c.encode('utf-8'))
+    else:
+        print(f"Key {i} not in tokenizer vocabulary. Padding with an arbitrary token.")
+        pad_token = f"[PAD{i}]".encode("utf8")
+        text = bytearray(pad_token)
+
+    tokens.append(text)
+    scores.append(0.0)                      # dymmy
+    toktypes.append(gguf.TokenType.NORMAL)  # dummy
+
+gguf_writer.add_token_list(tokens)
+gguf_writer.add_token_scores(scores)
+gguf_writer.add_token_types(toktypes)
+
+special_vocab = gguf.SpecialVocab(dir_model, load_merges = True)
+special_vocab.add_to_gguf(gguf_writer)
+
+# TENSORS
+
+tensor_map = gguf.get_tensor_name_map(ARCH,block_count)
+
+# params for qkv transform
+n_head    = hparams["n_head"]
+n_head_kv = hparams["n_head_kv"] if "n_head_kv" in hparams else 1
+
+head_dim = hparams["hidden_size"] // n_head
+
+# tensor info
+print("gguf: get tensor metadata")
+
+if num_parts == 0:
+    part_names = iter(("pytorch_model.bin",))
+else:
+    part_names = (
+        f"pytorch_model-{n:05}-of-{num_parts:05}.bin" for n in range(1, num_parts + 1)
+    )
+
+for part_name in part_names:
+    if args.vocab_only:
+        break
+    print("gguf: loading model part '" + part_name + "'")
+    model_part = torch.load(dir_model / part_name, map_location="cpu")
+
+    for name in model_part.keys():
+        data = model_part[name]
+
+        old_dtype = data.dtype
+
+        # convert any unsupported data types to float32
+        if data.dtype != torch.float16 and data.dtype != torch.float32:
+            data = data.to(torch.float32)
+
+        # QKV tensor transform
+        # The original query_key_value tensor contains n_head_kv "kv groups",
+        # each consisting of n_head/n_head_kv query weights followed by one key
+        # and one value weight (shared by all query heads in the kv group).
+        # This layout makes it a big pain to work with in GGML.
+        # So we rearrange them here,, so that we have n_head query weights
+        # followed by n_head_kv key weights followed by n_head_kv value weights,
+        # in contiguous fashion.
+        # ref: https://github.com/jploski/ggml/blob/falcon40b/examples/falcon/convert-hf-to-ggml.py
+
+        if "query_key_value" in name:
+            qkv = data.view(n_head_kv, n_head // n_head_kv + 2, head_dim, head_dim * n_head)
+            q = qkv[:, :-2 ].reshape(n_head * head_dim, head_dim * n_head)
+            k = qkv[:, [-2]].reshape(n_head_kv * head_dim, head_dim * n_head)
+            v = qkv[:, [-1]].reshape(n_head_kv * head_dim, head_dim * n_head)
+            data = torch.cat((q,k,v)).reshape_as(data)
+
+        data = data.squeeze().numpy()
+
+        # map tensor names
+        new_name = tensor_map.get_name(name, try_suffixes = (".weight", ".bias"))
+        if new_name is None:
+            print("Can not map tensor '" + name + "'")
+            sys.exit()
+
+        n_dims = len(data.shape)
+        data_dtype = data.dtype
+
+        # if f32 desired, convert any float16 to float32
+        if ftype == 0 and data_dtype == np.float16:
+            data = data.astype(np.float32)
+
+        # TODO: Why cant we use these float16 as-is? There should be not reason to store float16 as float32
+        if ftype == 1 and data_dtype == np.float16 and n_dims == 1:
+            data = data.astype(np.float32)
+
+        # if f16 desired, convert any float32 2-dim weight tensors to float16
+        if ftype == 1 and data_dtype == np.float32 and name.endswith(".weight") and n_dims == 2:
+            data = data.astype(np.float16)
+
+        print(new_name + ", n_dims = " + str(n_dims) + ", " + str(old_dtype) + " --> " + str(data.dtype))
+
+        gguf_writer.add_tensor(new_name, data)
+
+
+print("gguf: write header")
+gguf_writer.write_header_to_file()
+print("gguf: write metadata")
+gguf_writer.write_kv_data_to_file()
+if not args.vocab_only:
+    print("gguf: write tensors")
+    gguf_writer.write_tensors_to_file()
+
+gguf_writer.close()
+
+print(f"gguf: model successfully exported to '{fname_out}'")
+print("")

convert-gptneox-hf-to-gguf.py

@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# HF gptneox--> gguf conversion
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import os
+import struct
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any
+
+import numpy as np
+import torch
+from transformers import AutoTokenizer  # type: ignore[import]
+
+if 'NO_LOCAL_GGUF' not in os.environ:
+    sys.path.insert(1, str(Path(__file__).parent / 'gguf-py' / 'gguf'))
+import gguf
+
+# ref: https://github.com/openai/gpt-2/blob/master/src/encoder.py
+
+
+def bytes_to_unicode():
+    """
+    Returns list of utf-8 byte and a corresponding list of unicode strings.
+    The reversible bpe codes work on unicode strings.
+    This means you need a large # of unicode characters in your vocab if you want to avoid UNKs.
+    When you're at something like a 10B token dataset you end up needing around 5K for decent coverage.
+    This is a significant percentage of your normal, say, 32K bpe vocab.
+    To avoid that, we want lookup tables between utf-8 bytes and unicode strings.
+    And avoids mapping to whitespace/control characters the bpe code barfs on.
+    """
+    bs = list(range(ord("!"), ord("~")+1))+list(range(ord("¡"), ord("¬")+1))+list(range(ord("®"), ord("ÿ")+1))
+    cs = bs[:]
+    n = 0
+    for b in range(2**8):
+        if b not in bs:
+            bs.append(b)
+            cs.append(2**8+n)
+            n += 1
+    return dict(zip(bs, (chr(n) for n in cs)))
+
+
+def count_model_parts(dir_model: Path) -> int:
+    num_parts = 0
+    for filename in os.listdir(dir_model):
+        if filename.startswith("pytorch_model-"):
+            num_parts += 1
+
+    if num_parts > 0:
+        print("gguf: found " + str(num_parts) + " model parts")
+    return num_parts
+
+
+def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Convert a GPT-NeoX model to a GGML compatible file")
+    parser.add_argument("--vocab-only",  action="store_true",    help="extract only the vocab")
+    parser.add_argument("--outfile",     type=Path,              help="path to write to; default: based on input")
+    parser.add_argument("model",         type=Path,              help="directory containing model file, or model file itself (*.bin)")
+    parser.add_argument("ftype",     type=int, choices=[0, 1],   help="output format - use 0 for float32, 1 for float16", default = 1)
+    return parser.parse_args()
+
+args = parse_args()
+
+dir_model = args.model
+ftype = args.ftype
+if not dir_model.is_dir():
+    print(f'Error: {args.model} is not a directory', file = sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+# possible tensor data types
+#   ftype == 0 -> float32
+#   ftype == 1 -> float16
+
+# map from ftype to string
+ftype_str = ["f32", "f16"]
+
+if args.outfile is not None:
+    fname_out = args.outfile
+else:
+    # output in the same directory as the model by default
+    fname_out = dir_model / f'ggml-model-{ftype_str[ftype]}.gguf'
+
+print("gguf: loading model "+dir_model.name)
+
+with open(dir_model / "config.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+    hparams = json.load(f)
+
+if hparams["architectures"][0] != "GPTNeoXForCausalLM":
+    print("Model architecture not supported: " + hparams["architectures"][0])
+
+    sys.exit()
+
+# get number of model parts
+num_parts = count_model_parts(dir_model)
+
+ARCH=gguf.MODEL_ARCH.GPTNEOX
+gguf_writer = gguf.GGUFWriter(fname_out, gguf.MODEL_ARCH_NAMES[ARCH])
+
+print("gguf: get model metadata")
+
+block_count = hparams["num_hidden_layers"]
+
+gguf_writer.add_name(dir_model.name)
+gguf_writer.add_context_length(hparams["max_position_embeddings"])
+gguf_writer.add_embedding_length(hparams["hidden_size"])
+gguf_writer.add_block_count(block_count)
+gguf_writer.add_feed_forward_length(hparams["intermediate_size"])
+gguf_writer.add_rope_dimension_count(int(hparams["rotary_pct"]*(hparams["hidden_size"]//hparams["num_attention_heads"])))
+gguf_writer.add_head_count(hparams["num_attention_heads"])
+gguf_writer.add_parallel_residual(hparams["use_parallel_residual"] if "use_parallel_residual" in hparams else True)
+gguf_writer.add_layer_norm_eps(hparams["layer_norm_eps"])
+
+# TOKENIZATION
+
+print("gguf: get tokenizer metadata")
+
+tokens: list[bytearray] = []
+
+tokenizer_json_file = dir_model / 'tokenizer.json'
+if not tokenizer_json_file.is_file():
+    print(f'Error: Missing {tokenizer_json_file}', file = sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+# gpt2 tokenizer
+gguf_writer.add_tokenizer_model("gpt2")
+
+with open(tokenizer_json_file, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+    tokenizer_json = json.load(f)
+
+print("gguf: get gpt2 tokenizer vocab")
+
+vocab_size = len(tokenizer_json["model"]["vocab"])
+
+# ref: https://github.com/cmp-nct/ggllm.cpp/blob/master/falcon_convert.py
+tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(dir_model)
+
+reverse_vocab = {id: encoded_tok for encoded_tok, id in tokenizer.vocab.items()}
+byte_encoder = bytes_to_unicode()
+byte_decoder = {v: k for k, v in byte_encoder.items()}
+
+for i in range(vocab_size):
+    if i in reverse_vocab:
+        try:
+            text = bytearray([byte_decoder[c] for c in reverse_vocab[i]])
+        except KeyError:
+            text = bytearray()
+            for c in reverse_vocab[i]:
+                if ord(c) < 256:  # single byte character
+                    text.append(byte_decoder[ord(c)])
+                else:  # multibyte special token character
+                    text.extend(c.encode('utf-8'))
+    else:
+        print(f"Key {i} not in tokenizer vocabulary. Padding with an arbitrary token.")
+        pad_token = f"[PAD{i}]".encode("utf8")
+        text = bytearray(pad_token)
+
+    tokens.append(text)
+
+gguf_writer.add_token_list(tokens)
+
+special_vocab = gguf.SpecialVocab(dir_model, load_merges = True)
+special_vocab.add_to_gguf(gguf_writer)
+
+# TENSORS
+
+tensor_map = gguf.get_tensor_name_map(ARCH,block_count)
+
+# tensor info
+print("gguf: get tensor metadata")
+
+if num_parts == 0:
+    part_names = iter(("pytorch_model.bin",))
+else:
+    part_names = (
+        f"pytorch_model-{n:05}-of-{num_parts:05}.bin" for n in range(1, num_parts + 1)
+    )
+
+for part_name in part_names:
+    if args.vocab_only:
+        break
+    print("gguf: loading model part '" + part_name + "'")
+    model_part = torch.load(f"{dir_model}/{part_name}", map_location="cpu")
+
+    for name in model_part.keys():
+        data = model_part[name]
+
+        # we don't need these
+        if name.endswith(".attention.masked_bias") or name.endswith(".attention.bias") or name.endswith(".attention.rotary_emb.inv_freq"):
+            continue
+
+        old_dtype = data.dtype
+
+        # convert any unsupported data types to float32
+        if data.dtype != torch.float16 and data.dtype != torch.float32:
+            data = data.to(torch.float32)
+
+        data = data.squeeze().numpy()
+
+        # map tensor names
+        new_name = tensor_map.get_name(name, try_suffixes = (".weight", ".bias"))
+        if new_name is None:
+            print("Can not map tensor '" + name + "'")
+            sys.exit()
+
+        n_dims = len(data.shape)
+        data_dtype = data.dtype
+
+        # if f32 desired, convert any float16 to float32
+        if ftype == 0 and data_dtype == np.float16:
+            data = data.astype(np.float32)
+
+        # TODO: Why cant we use these float16 as-is? There should be not reason to store float16 as float32
+        if ftype == 1 and data_dtype == np.float16 and n_dims == 1:
+            data = data.astype(np.float32)
+
+        # if f16 desired, convert any float32 2-dim weight tensors to float16
+        if ftype == 1 and data_dtype == np.float32 and name.endswith(".weight") and n_dims == 2:
+            data = data.astype(np.float16)
+
+        print(new_name + ", n_dims = " + str(n_dims) + ", " + str(old_dtype) + " --> " + str(data.dtype))
+
+        gguf_writer.add_tensor(new_name, data)
+
+
+print("gguf: write header")
+gguf_writer.write_header_to_file()
+print("gguf: write metadata")
+gguf_writer.write_kv_data_to_file()
+if not args.vocab_only:
+    print("gguf: write tensors")
+    gguf_writer.write_tensors_to_file()
+
+gguf_writer.close()
+
+print(f"gguf: model successfully exported to '{fname_out}'")
+print("")

convert-llama-ggmlv3-to-gguf.py

@@ -0,0 +1,353 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import math
+import struct
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import numpy as np
+
+import os
+if 'NO_LOCAL_GGUF' not in os.environ:
+    sys.path.insert(1, str(Path(__file__).parent / 'gguf-py' / 'gguf'))
+import gguf
+
+# Note: Does not support GGML_QKK_64
+QK_K = 256
+# Items here are (block size, type size)
+GGML_QUANT_SIZES = {
+    gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.F32  : (1, 4),
+    gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.F16  : (1, 2),
+    gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.Q4_0 : (32, 2 + 16),
+    gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.Q4_1 : (32, 2 + 2 + 16),
+    gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.Q5_0 : (32, 2 + 4 + 16),
+    gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.Q5_1 : (32, 2 + 2 + 4 + 16),
+    gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.Q8_0 : (32, 2 + 32),
+    gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.Q8_1 : (32, 4 + 4 + 32),
+    gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.Q2_K : (256, 2 + 2 + QK_K // 16 + QK_K // 4),
+    gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.Q3_K : (256, 2 + QK_K // 4 + QK_K // 8 + 12),
+    gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.Q4_K : (256, 2 + 2 + QK_K // 2 + 12),
+    gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.Q5_K : (256, 2 + 2 + QK_K // 2 + QK_K // 8 + 12),
+    gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.Q6_K : (256, 2 + QK_K // 2 + QK_K // 4 + QK_K // 16),
+    gguf.GGMLQuantizationType.Q8_K : (256, 4 + QK_K + QK_K // 8),
+}
+
+class Hyperparameters:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.n_vocab = self.n_embd = self.n_mult = self.n_head = self.n_layer = self.n_rot = self.ftype = 0
+        self.n_ff = 0
+
+    def set_n_ff(self, model):
+        ff_tensor_idx = model.tensor_map.get(b'layers.0.feed_forward.w1.weight')
+        assert ff_tensor_idx is not None, 'Missing layer 0 FF tensor'
+        ff_tensor = model.tensors[ff_tensor_idx]
+        self.n_ff = ff_tensor.dims[1]
+
+    def load(self, data, offset):
+        (
+            self.n_vocab,
+            self.n_embd,
+            self.n_mult,
+            self.n_head,
+            self.n_layer,
+            self.n_rot,
+            self.ftype,
+        ) = struct.unpack('<7I', data[offset:offset + (4 * 7)])
+        return 4 * 7
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f'<Hyperparameters: n_vocab={self.n_vocab}, n_embd={self.n_embd}, n_mult={self.n_mult}, n_head={self.n_head}, n_layer={self.n_layer}, n_rot={self.n_rot}, n_ff={self.n_ff}, ftype={self.ftype}>'
+
+class Vocab:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.items = []
+
+    def load(self, data, offset, n_vocab):
+        orig_offset = offset
+        for _ in range(n_vocab):
+            itemlen = struct.unpack('<I', data[offset:offset + 4])[0]
+            assert itemlen < 4096, 'Absurd vocab item length'
+            offset += 4
+            vocab = bytes(data[offset:offset + itemlen])
+            offset += itemlen
+            score = struct.unpack('<f', data[offset:offset + 4])[0]
+            offset += 4
+            self.items.append((vocab, score))
+        return offset - orig_offset
+
+class Tensor:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.name = None
+        self.dims: tuple[int, ...] = ()
+        self.dtype = None
+        self.start_offset = 0
+        self.len_bytes = np.int64(0)
+
+    def load(self, data, offset):
+        orig_offset = offset
+        (n_dims, name_len, dtype) = struct.unpack('<3I', data[offset:offset + 12])
+        assert n_dims >= 0 and n_dims <= 4, f'Invalid tensor dimensions {n_dims}'
+        assert name_len < 4096, 'Absurd tensor name length'
+        quant = GGML_QUANT_SIZES.get(dtype)
+        assert quant is not None, 'Unknown tensor type'
+        (blksize, tysize) = quant
+        offset += 12
+        self.dtype= dtype
+        self.dims = struct.unpack(f'<{n_dims}I', data[offset:offset + (4 * n_dims)])
+        offset += 4 * n_dims
+        self.name = bytes(data[offset:offset + name_len])
+        offset += name_len
+        pad = ((offset + 31) & ~31) - offset
+        offset += pad
+        n_elems = np.prod(self.dims)
+        n_bytes = np.int64(np.int64(n_elems) * np.int64(tysize)) // np.int64(blksize)
+        self.start_offset = offset
+        self.len_bytes = n_bytes
+        offset += n_bytes
+        # print(n_dims, name_len, dtype, self.dims, self.name, pad)
+        return offset - orig_offset
+
+class GGMLV3Model:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.hyperparameters = None
+        self.vocab = None
+        self.tensor_map = {}
+        self.tensors = []
+
+    def validate_header(self, data, offset):
+        if bytes(data[offset:offset + 4]) != b'tjgg' or struct.unpack('<I', data[offset + 4:offset + 8])[0] != 3:
+            raise ValueError('Only GGJTv3 supported')
+        return 8
+
+    def load(self, data, offset):
+        offset += self.validate_header(data, offset)
+        hp = Hyperparameters()
+        offset += hp.load(data, offset)
+        vocab = Vocab()
+        offset += vocab.load(data, offset, hp.n_vocab)
+        tensors: list[Tensor] = []
+        tensor_map = {}
+        while offset < len(data):
+            tensor = Tensor()
+            offset += tensor.load(data, offset)
+            tensor_map[tensor.name] = len(tensors)
+            tensors.append(tensor)
+        self.hyperparameters = hp
+        self.vocab = vocab
+        self.tensors = tensors
+        self.tensor_map = tensor_map
+        hp.set_n_ff(self)
+        return offset
+
+class GGMLToGGUF:
+    def __init__(self, ggml_model, data, cfg, params_override = None, vocab_override = None, special_vocab = None):
+        hp = ggml_model.hyperparameters
+        self.model = ggml_model
+        self.data = data
+        self.cfg = cfg
+        self.params_override = params_override
+        self.vocab_override = vocab_override
+        self.special_vocab = special_vocab
+        if params_override is not None:
+            n_kv_head = params_override.n_head_kv
+        else:
+            if cfg.gqa == 1:
+                n_kv_head = hp.n_head
+            else:
+                gqa = float(cfg.gqa)
+                n_kv_head = None
+                for x in range(1, 256):
+                    if float(hp.n_head) / float(x) == gqa:
+                        n_kv_head = x
+                assert n_kv_head is not None, "Couldn't determine n_kv_head from GQA param"
+                print(f'- Guessed n_kv_head = {n_kv_head} based on GQA {cfg.gqa}')
+        self.n_kv_head = n_kv_head
+        self.name_map = gguf.get_tensor_name_map(gguf.MODEL_ARCH.LLAMA, ggml_model.hyperparameters.n_layer)
+
+    def save(self):
+        print('* Preparing to save GGUF file')
+        gguf_writer = gguf.GGUFWriter(self.cfg.output, gguf.MODEL_ARCH_NAMES[gguf.MODEL_ARCH.LLAMA], use_temp_file = False)
+        self.add_params(gguf_writer)
+        self.add_vocab(gguf_writer)
+        if self.special_vocab is not None:
+            self.special_vocab.add_to_gguf(gguf_writer)
+        self.add_tensors(gguf_writer)
+        print("    gguf: write header")
+        gguf_writer.write_header_to_file()
+        print("    gguf: write metadata")
+        gguf_writer.write_kv_data_to_file()
+        print("    gguf: write tensors")
+        gguf_writer.write_tensors_to_file()
+        gguf_writer.close()
+
+    def add_params(self, gguf_writer):
+        hp = self.model.hyperparameters
+        cfg = self.cfg
+        desc = cfg.desc if cfg.desc is not None else 'converted from legacy GGJTv3 format'
+        try:
+            # Filenames aren't necessarily valid UTF8.
+            name = cfg.name if cfg.name is not None else cfg.input.name
+        except UnicodeDecodeError:
+            name = None
+        print('* Adding model parameters and KV items')
+        if name is not None:
+            gguf_writer.add_name(name)
+        gguf_writer.add_description(desc)
+        if self.params_override is not None:
+            po = self.params_override
+            assert po.n_embd == hp.n_embd, 'Model hyperparams mismatch'
+            assert po.n_layer == hp.n_layer, 'Model hyperparams mismatch'
+            assert po.n_head == hp.n_head, 'Model hyperparams mismatch'
+            gguf_writer.add_context_length      (po.n_ctx)
+            gguf_writer.add_embedding_length    (po.n_embd)
+            gguf_writer.add_block_count         (po.n_layer)
+            gguf_writer.add_feed_forward_length (po.n_ff)
+            gguf_writer.add_rope_dimension_count(po.n_embd // po.n_head)
+            gguf_writer.add_head_count          (po.n_head)
+            gguf_writer.add_head_count_kv       (po.n_head_kv)
+            gguf_writer.add_layer_norm_rms_eps  (po.f_norm_eps)
+            return
+        gguf_writer.add_context_length(cfg.context_length)
+        gguf_writer.add_embedding_length(hp.n_embd)
+        gguf_writer.add_block_count(hp.n_layer)
+        gguf_writer.add_feed_forward_length(hp.n_ff)
+        gguf_writer.add_rope_dimension_count(hp.n_embd // hp.n_head)
+        gguf_writer.add_head_count(hp.n_head)
+        gguf_writer.add_head_count_kv(self.n_kv_head)
+        gguf_writer.add_layer_norm_rms_eps(float(cfg.eps))
+
+    def add_vocab(self, gguf_writer):
+        hp = self.model.hyperparameters
+        gguf_writer.add_tokenizer_model('llama')
+        tokens = []
+        scores = []
+        toktypes = []
+        if self.vocab_override is not None:
+            vo = self.vocab_override
+            print('* Adding vocab item(s)')
+            for (idx, (vbytes, score, ttype)) in enumerate(vo.all_tokens()):
+                tokens.append(vbytes)
+                scores.append(score)
+                toktypes.append(ttype)
+            assert len(tokens) == hp.n_vocab, f'Override vocab has a different number of items than hyperparameters - override = {len(tokens)} but n_vocab={hp.n_vocab}'
+            gguf_writer.add_token_list(tokens)
+            gguf_writer.add_token_scores(scores)
+            if len(toktypes) > 0:
+                gguf_writer.add_token_types(toktypes)
+            return
+        print(f'* Adding {hp.n_vocab} vocab item(s)')
+        assert len(self.model.vocab.items) >= 3, 'Cannot handle unexpectedly short model vocab'
+        for (tokid, (vbytes, vscore)) in enumerate(self.model.vocab.items):
+            tt = 1 # Normal
+            # Special handling for UNK, BOS, EOS tokens.
+            if tokid <= 2:
+                if tokid == 0:
+                    vbytes = b'<unk>'
+                    tt = 2
+                elif tokid == 1:
+                    vbytes = b'<s>'
+                    tt = 3
+                else:
+                    vbytes = b'</s>'
+                    tt = 3
+            elif len(vbytes) == 0:
+                tt = 3 # Control
+            elif tokid >= 3 and tokid <= 258 and len(vbytes) == 1:
+                vbytes = bytes(f'<0x{vbytes[0]:02X}>', encoding = 'UTF-8')
+                tt = 6 # Byte
+            else:
+                vbytes = vbytes.replace(b' ', b'\xe2\x96\x81')
+            toktypes.append(tt)
+            tokens.append(vbytes)
+            scores.append(vscore)
+        gguf_writer.add_token_list(tokens)
+        gguf_writer.add_token_scores(scores)
+        gguf_writer.add_token_types(toktypes)
+        gguf_writer.add_unk_token_id(0)
+        gguf_writer.add_bos_token_id(1)
+        gguf_writer.add_eos_token_id(2)
+
+    def add_tensors(self, gguf_writer):
+        tensor_map = self.name_map
+        data = self.data
+        print(f'* Adding {len(self.model.tensors)} tensor(s)')
+        for tensor in self.model.tensors:
+            name = str(tensor.name, 'UTF-8')
+            mapped_name = tensor_map.get_name(name, try_suffixes = (".weight", ".bias"))
+            assert mapped_name is not None, f'Bad name {name}'
+            tempdims = list(tensor.dims[:])
+            if len(tempdims) > 1:
+                temp = tempdims[1]
+                tempdims[1] = tempdims[0]
+                tempdims[0] = temp
+            # print(f'+ {tensor.name} | {mapped_name} {tensor.dims} :: {tempdims}')
+            gguf_writer.add_tensor(mapped_name, data[tensor.start_offset:tensor.start_offset + tensor.len_bytes], raw_shape = tempdims, raw_dtype = tensor.dtype)
+
+def handle_metadata(cfg, hp):
+    import convert
+    assert cfg.model_metadata_dir.is_dir(), 'Metadata dir is not a directory'
+    hf_config_path   = cfg.model_metadata_dir / "config.json"
+    orig_config_path = cfg.model_metadata_dir / "params.json"
+    # We pass a fake model here. "original" mode will check the shapes of some
+    # tensors if information is missing in the .json file: other than that, the
+    # model data isn't used so this should be safe (at least for now).
+    fakemodel = {
+        'tok_embeddings.weight': convert.LazyTensor.__new__(convert.LazyTensor),
+        'layers.0.feed_forward.w1.weight': convert.LazyTensor.__new__(convert.LazyTensor),
+    }
+    fakemodel['tok_embeddings.weight'].shape = [hp.n_vocab]
+    fakemodel['layers.0.feed_forward.w1.weight'].shape = [hp.n_ff]
+    if hf_config_path.exists():
+        params = convert.Params.loadHFTransformerJson(fakemodel, hf_config_path)
+    elif orig_config_path.exists():
+        params = convert.Params.loadOriginalParamsJson(fakemodel, orig_config_path)
+    else:
+        raise ValueError('Unable to load metadata')
+    vocab = convert.load_vocab(cfg.vocab_dir if cfg.vocab_dir is not None else cfg.model_metadata_dir, cfg.vocabtype)
+    # FIXME: Respect cfg.vocab_dir?
+    svocab = gguf.SpecialVocab(cfg.model_metadata_dir)
+    convert.check_vocab_size(params, vocab)
+    return (params, vocab, svocab)
+
+def handle_args():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description = 'Convert GGMLv3 models to GGUF')
+    parser.add_argument('--input', '-i', type = Path, required = True, help = 'Input GGMLv3 filename')
+    parser.add_argument('--output', '-o', type = Path, required = True, help ='Output GGUF filename')
+    parser.add_argument('--name', help = 'Set model name')
+    parser.add_argument('--desc', help = 'Set model description')
+    parser.add_argument('--gqa', type = int, default = 1, help = 'grouped-query attention factor (use 8 for LLaMA2 70B)')
+    parser.add_argument('--eps', default = '5.0e-06', help = 'RMS norm eps: Use 1e-6 for LLaMA1 and OpenLLaMA, use 1e-5 for LLaMA2')
+    parser.add_argument('--context-length', '-c', type=int, default = 2048, help = 'Default max context length: LLaMA1 is typically 2048, LLaMA2 is typically 4096')
+    parser.add_argument('--model-metadata-dir', '-m', type = Path, help ='Load HuggingFace/.pth vocab and metadata from the specified directory')
+    parser.add_argument("--vocab-dir", type=Path, help="directory containing tokenizer.model, if separate from model file - only meaningful with --model-metadata-dir")
+    parser.add_argument("--vocabtype", choices=["spm", "bpe"], help="vocab format - only meaningful with --model-metadata-dir and/or --vocab-dir (default: spm)", default="spm")
+    return parser.parse_args()
+
+def main():
+    cfg = handle_args()
+    print(f'* Using config: {cfg}')
+    print('\n=== WARNING === Be aware that this conversion script is best-effort. Use a native GGUF model if possible. === WARNING ===\n')
+    data = np.memmap(cfg.input, mode = 'r')
+    model = GGMLV3Model()
+    print('* Scanning GGML input file')
+    offset = model.load(data, 0)
+    print(f'* GGML model hyperparameters: {model.hyperparameters}')
+    vocab_override = None
+    params_override = None
+    special_vocab = None
+    if cfg.model_metadata_dir is not None:
+        (params_override, vocab_override, special_vocab) = handle_metadata(cfg, model.hyperparameters)
+        print('!! Note: When overriding params the --gqa, --eps and --context-length options are ignored.')
+        print(f'* Overriding params: {params_override}')
+        print(f'* Overriding vocab: {vocab_override}')
+        print(f'* Special vocab: {special_vocab}')
+    else:
+        print('\n=== WARNING === Special tokens may not be converted correctly. Use --model-metadata-dir if possible === WARNING ===\n')
+    converter = GGMLToGGUF(model, data, cfg, params_override = params_override, vocab_override = vocab_override, special_vocab = special_vocab)
+    converter.save()
+    print(f'* Successful completion. Output saved to: {cfg.output}')
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

convert-lora-to-ggml.py

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import os
+import re
+import struct
+import sys
+from typing import Any, BinaryIO, Sequence
+
+import numpy as np
+import torch
+
+NUMPY_TYPE_TO_FTYPE: dict[str, int] = {"float32": 0, "float16": 1}
+
+
+HF_SUBLAYER_TO_GGML = {
+    "self_attn.q_proj": "attn_q",
+    "self_attn.k_proj": "attn_k",
+    "self_attn.v_proj": "attn_v",
+    "self_attn.o_proj": "attn_output",
+    "mlp.gate_proj": "ffn_gate",
+    "mlp.down_proj": "ffn_down",
+    "mlp.up_proj": "ffn_up",
+    "input_layernorm": "attn_norm",
+    "post_attention_layernorm": "ffn_norm",
+}
+
+
+def translate_tensor_name(t: str) -> str:
+    match = re.match(r".*layers\.(\d+)\.(\w+\.\w+)\.lora_(A|B)\.weight", t)
+    if match:
+        nn = match.group(1)
+        sub_layer = match.group(2)
+        lora_type = match.group(3)
+
+        sub_layer_renamed = HF_SUBLAYER_TO_GGML.get(sub_layer)
+        if sub_layer_renamed is None:
+            print(f"Error: unrecognized sub-layer {sub_layer} in tensor {t}")
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+        output_string = (
+            f"blk.{nn}.{HF_SUBLAYER_TO_GGML[sub_layer]}.weight.lora{lora_type}"
+        )
+        return output_string
+    else:
+        print(f"Error: unrecognized tensor {t}")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+
+def write_file_header(fout: BinaryIO, params: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    fout.write(b"ggla"[::-1])  # magic (ggml lora)
+    fout.write(struct.pack("i", 1))  # file version
+    fout.write(struct.pack("i", params["r"]))
+    # https://opendelta.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/deltas.html says that `lora_alpha` is an int
+    # but some models ship a float value instead
+    # let's convert to int, but fail if lossless conversion is not possible
+    assert (
+        int(params["lora_alpha"]) == params["lora_alpha"]
+    ), "cannot convert float to int losslessly"
+    fout.write(struct.pack("i", int(params["lora_alpha"])))
+
+
+def write_tensor_header(
+    self, name: str, shape: Sequence[int], data_type: np.dtype[Any]
+) -> None:
+    sname = name.encode("utf-8")
+    fout.write(
+        struct.pack(
+            "iii",
+            len(shape),
+            len(sname),
+            NUMPY_TYPE_TO_FTYPE[data_type.name],
+        )
+    )
+    fout.write(struct.pack("i" * len(shape), *shape[::-1]))
+    fout.write(sname)
+    fout.seek((fout.tell() + 31) & -32)
+
+
+if len(sys.argv) != 2:
+    print(f"Usage: python {sys.argv[0]} <path>")
+    print(
+        "Path must contain HuggingFace PEFT LoRA files 'adapter_config.json' and 'adapter_model.bin'"
+    )
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+input_json = os.path.join(sys.argv[1], "adapter_config.json")
+input_model = os.path.join(sys.argv[1], "adapter_model.bin")
+output_path = os.path.join(sys.argv[1], "ggml-adapter-model.bin")
+
+model = torch.load(input_model, map_location="cpu")
+
+with open(input_json, "r") as f:
+    params = json.load(f)
+
+if params["peft_type"] != "LORA":
+    print(f"Error: unsupported adapter type {params['peft_type']}, expected LORA")
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+if params["fan_in_fan_out"] is True:
+    print("Error: param fan_in_fan_out is not supported")
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+if params["bias"] is not None and params["bias"] != "none":
+    print("Error: param bias is not supported")
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+# TODO: these seem to be layers that have been trained but without lora.
+# doesn't seem widely used but eventually should be supported
+if params["modules_to_save"] is not None and len(params["modules_to_save"]) > 0:
+    print("Error: param modules_to_save is not supported")
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+with open(output_path, "wb") as fout:
+    fout.truncate()
+
+    write_file_header(fout, params)
+    for k, v in model.items():
+        if k.endswith(".default.weight"):
+            k = k.replace(".default.weight", ".weight")
+        if k in ["llama_proj.weight", "llama_proj.bias"]:
+            continue
+        if k.endswith("lora_A.weight"):
+            if v.dtype != torch.float16 and v.dtype != torch.float32:
+                v = v.float()
+            v = v.T
+        else:
+            v = v.float()
+
+        t = v.detach().numpy()
+        tname = translate_tensor_name(k)
+        print(f"{k} => {tname} {t.shape} {t.dtype} {t.nbytes/1024/1024:.2f}MB")
+        write_tensor_header(fout, tname, t.shape, t.dtype)
+        t.tofile(fout)
+
+print(f"Converted {input_json} and {input_model} to {output_path}")

convert-pth-to-ggml.py

@@ -1,162 +0,0 @@
-# Convert a LLaMA model checkpoint to a ggml compatible file
-#
-# Load the model using Torch
-# Iterate over all variables and write them to a binary file.
-#
-# For each variable, write the following:
-#   - Number of dimensions (int)
-#   - Name length (int)
-#   - Dimensions (int[n_dims])
-#   - Name (char[name_length])
-#   - Data (float[n_dims])
-#
-# By default, the bigger matrices are converted to 16-bit floats.
-# This can be disabled by adding the "use-f32" CLI argument.
-#
-# At the start of the ggml file we write the model parameters
-# and vocabulary.
-#
-
-import sys
-import json
-import struct
-import numpy as np
-import torch
-
-from sentencepiece import SentencePieceProcessor
-
-if len(sys.argv) < 3:
-    print("Usage: convert-ckpt-to-ggml.py dir-model ftype\n")
-    print("  ftype == 0 -> float32")
-    print("  ftype == 1 -> float16")
-    sys.exit(1)
-
-# output in the same directory as the model
-dir_model = sys.argv[1]
-
-fname_hparams   = sys.argv[1] + "/params.json"
-fname_tokenizer = sys.argv[1] + "/../tokenizer.model"
-
-def get_n_parts(dim):
-    if dim == 4096:
-        return 1
-    elif dim == 5120:
-        return 2
-    elif dim == 6656:
-        return 4
-    elif dim == 8192:
-        return 8
-    else:
-        print("Invalid dim: " + str(dim))
-        sys.exit(1)
-
-# possible data types
-#   ftype == 0 -> float32
-#   ftype == 1 -> float16
-#
-# map from ftype to string
-ftype_str = ["f32", "f16"]
-
-ftype = 1
-if len(sys.argv) > 2:
-    ftype = int(sys.argv[2])
-    if ftype < 0 or ftype > 1:
-        print("Invalid ftype: " + str(ftype))
-        sys.exit(1)
-    fname_out = sys.argv[1] + "/ggml-model-" + ftype_str[ftype] + ".bin"
-
-with open(fname_hparams, "r") as f:
-    hparams = json.load(f)
-
-tokenizer = SentencePieceProcessor(fname_tokenizer)
-
-hparams.update({"vocab_size": tokenizer.vocab_size()})
-
-n_parts = get_n_parts(hparams["dim"])
-
-print(hparams)
-print('n_parts = ', n_parts)
-
-for p in range(n_parts):
-    print('Processing part ', p)
-
-    #fname_model = sys.argv[1] + "/consolidated.00.pth"
-    fname_model = sys.argv[1] + "/consolidated.0" + str(p) + ".pth"
-    fname_out = sys.argv[1] + "/ggml-model-" + ftype_str[ftype] + ".bin"
-    if (p > 0):
-        fname_out = sys.argv[1] + "/ggml-model-" + ftype_str[ftype] + ".bin" + "." + str(p)
-
-    model = torch.load(fname_model, map_location="cpu")
-
-    fout = open(fname_out, "wb")
-
-    fout.write(struct.pack("i", 0x67676d6c)) # magic: ggml in hex
-    fout.write(struct.pack("i", hparams["vocab_size"]))
-    fout.write(struct.pack("i", hparams["dim"]))
-    fout.write(struct.pack("i", hparams["multiple_of"]))
-    fout.write(struct.pack("i", hparams["n_heads"]))
-    fout.write(struct.pack("i", hparams["n_layers"]))
-    fout.write(struct.pack("i", hparams["dim"] // hparams["n_heads"])) # rot (obsolete)
-    fout.write(struct.pack("i", ftype))
-
-    # Is this correct??
-    for i in range(32000):
-        # TODO: this is probably wrong - not sure how this tokenizer works
-        text = tokenizer.decode([29889, i]).encode('utf-8')
-        # remove the first byte (it's always '.')
-        text = text[1:]
-        fout.write(struct.pack("i", len(text)))
-        fout.write(text)
-
-    for k, v in model.items():
-        name = k
-        shape = v.shape
-
-        # skip layers.X.attention.inner_attention.rope.freqs
-        if name[-5:] == "freqs":
-            continue
-
-        print("Processing variable: " + name + " with shape: ", shape, " and type: ", v.dtype)
-
-        #data = tf.train.load_variable(dir_model, name).squeeze()
-        data = v.numpy().squeeze()
-        n_dims = len(data.shape);
-
-        # for efficiency - transpose some matrices
-        # "model/h.*/attn/c_attn/w"
-        # "model/h.*/attn/c_proj/w"
-        # "model/h.*/mlp/c_fc/w"
-        # "model/h.*/mlp/c_proj/w"
-        #if name[-14:] == "/attn/c_attn/w" or \
-        #   name[-14:] == "/attn/c_proj/w" or \
-        #   name[-11:] == "/mlp/c_fc/w" or \
-        #   name[-13:] == "/mlp/c_proj/w":
-        #    print("  Transposing")
-        #    data = data.transpose()
-
-        dshape = data.shape
-
-        # default type is fp16
-        ftype_cur = 1
-        if ftype == 0 or n_dims == 1:
-            print("  Converting to float32")
-            data = data.astype(np.float32)
-            ftype_cur = 0
-
-        # header
-        sname = name.encode('utf-8')
-        fout.write(struct.pack("iii", n_dims, len(sname), ftype_cur))
-        for i in range(n_dims):
-            fout.write(struct.pack("i", dshape[n_dims - 1 - i]))
-        fout.write(sname);
-
-        # data
-        data.tofile(fout)
-
-    # I hope this deallocates the memory ..
-    model = None
-
-    fout.close()
-
-    print("Done. Output file: " + fname_out + ", (part ", p, ")")
-    print("")

docs/BLIS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+BLIS Installation Manual
+------------------------
+
+BLIS is a portable software framework for high-performance BLAS-like dense linear algebra libraries. It has received awards and recognition, including the 2023 James H. Wilkinson Prize for Numerical Software and the 2020 SIAM Activity Group on Supercomputing Best Paper Prize. BLIS provides a new BLAS-like API and a compatibility layer for traditional BLAS routine calls. It offers features such as object-based API, typed API, BLAS and CBLAS compatibility layers.
+
+Project URL: https://github.com/flame/blis
+
+### Prepare:
+
+Compile BLIS:
+
+```bash
+git clone https://github.com/flame/blis
+cd blis
+./configure --enable-cblas -t openmp,pthreads auto
+# will install to /usr/local/ by default.
+make -j
+```
+
+Install BLIS:
+
+```bash
+sudo make install
+```
+
+We recommend using openmp since it's easier to modify the cores been used.
+
+### llama.cpp compilation
+
+Makefile:
+
+```bash
+make LLAMA_BLIS=1 -j
+# make LLAMA_BLIS=1 benchmark-matmult
+```
+
+CMake:
+
+```bash
+mkdir build
+cd build
+cmake -DLLAMA_BLAS=ON -DLLAMA_BLAS_VENDOR=FLAME ..
+make -j
+```
+
+### llama.cpp execution
+
+According to the BLIS documentation, we could set the following
+environment variables to modify the behavior of openmp:
+
+```
+export GOMP_GPU_AFFINITY="0-19"
+export BLIS_NUM_THREADS=14
+```
+
+And then run the binaries as normal.
+
+
+### Intel specific issue
+
+Some might get the error message saying that `libimf.so` cannot be found.
+Please follow this [stackoverflow page](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/70687930/intel-oneapi-2022-libimf-so-no-such-file-or-directory-during-openmpi-compila).
+
+### Reference:
+
+1. https://github.com/flame/blis#getting-started
+2. https://github.com/flame/blis/blob/master/docs/Multithreading.md

docs/token_generation_performance_tips.md

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# Token generation performance troubleshooting
+
+## Verifying that the model is running on the GPU with cuBLAS
+Make sure you compiled llama with the correct env variables according to [this guide](../README.md#cublas), so that llama accepts the `-ngl N` (or `--n-gpu-layers N`) flag. When running llama, you may configure `N` to be very large, and llama will offload the maximum possible number of layers to the GPU, even if it's less than the number you configured. For example:
+```shell
+./main -m "path/to/model.gguf" -ngl 200000 -p "Please sir, may I have some "
+```
+
+When running llama, before it starts the inference work, it will output diagnostic information that shows whether cuBLAS is offloading work to the GPU. Look for these lines:
+```shell
+llama_model_load_internal: [cublas] offloading 60 layers to GPU
+llama_model_load_internal: [cublas] offloading output layer to GPU
+llama_model_load_internal: [cublas] total VRAM used: 17223 MB
+... rest of inference
+```
+
+If you see these lines, then the GPU is being used.
+
+## Verifying that the CPU is not oversaturated
+llama accepts a `-t N` (or `--threads N`) parameter. It's extremely important that this parameter is not too large. If your token generation is extremely slow, try setting this number to 1. If this significantly improves your token generation speed, then your CPU is being oversaturated and you need to explicitly set this parameter to the number of the physicial CPU cores on your machine (even if you utilize a GPU). If in doubt, start with 1 and double the amount until you hit a performance bottleneck, then scale the number down.
+
+# Example of runtime flags effect on inference speed benchmark
+These runs were tested on the following machine:
+GPU: A6000 (48GB VRAM)
+CPU: 7 physical cores
+RAM: 32GB
+
+Model: `TheBloke_Wizard-Vicuna-30B-Uncensored-GGML/Wizard-Vicuna-30B-Uncensored.q4_0.gguf` (30B parameters, 4bit quantization, GGML)
+
+Run command: `./main -m "path/to/model.gguf" -p "An extremely detailed description of the 10 best ethnic dishes will follow, with recipes: " -n 1000 [additional benchmark flags]`
+
+Result:
+
+| command | tokens/second (higher is better) |
+| - | - |
+| -ngl 2000000 | N/A (less than 0.1) |
+| -t 7 | 1.7 |
+| -t 1 -ngl 2000000 | 5.5 |
+| -t 7 -ngl 2000000 | 8.7 |
+| -t 4 -ngl 2000000 | 9.1 |

examples/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# dependencies
+
+find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
+
+# third-party
+
+# ...
+
+# examples
+
+include_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
+
+if (EMSCRIPTEN)
+else()
+    add_subdirectory(main)
+    add_subdirectory(quantize)
+    add_subdirectory(quantize-stats)
+    add_subdirectory(perplexity)
+    add_subdirectory(embedding)
+    add_subdirectory(save-load-state)
+    add_subdirectory(benchmark)
+    add_subdirectory(baby-llama)
+    add_subdirectory(train-text-from-scratch)
+    add_subdirectory(convert-llama2c-to-ggml)
+    add_subdirectory(simple)
+    add_subdirectory(speculative)
+    add_subdirectory(embd-input)
+    add_subdirectory(llama-bench)
+    add_subdirectory(beam-search)
+    if (LLAMA_METAL)
+        add_subdirectory(metal)
+    endif()
+    if (LLAMA_BUILD_SERVER)
+        add_subdirectory(server)
+    endif()
+endif()

examples/Miku.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -e
+
+AI_NAME="${AI_NAME:-Miku}"
+MODEL="${MODEL:-./models/llama-2-7b-chat.ggmlv3.q4_K_M.bin}"
+USER_NAME="${USER_NAME:-Anon}"
+
+# Uncomment and adjust to the number of CPU cores you want to use.
+#N_THREAD="${N_THREAD:-4}"
+CTX_SIZE="${CTX_SIZE:-4096}"
+N_PREDICTS="${N_PREDICTS:-4096}"
+
+GEN_OPTIONS=(--batch_size 1024
+--ctx_size "$CTX_SIZE"
+--keep -1
+--repeat_last_n 256
+--repeat_penalty 1.17647
+--temp 0.6
+--mirostat 2)
+
+if [ -n "$N_THREAD" ]; then
+    GEN_OPTIONS+=(--threads "$N_THREAD")
+fi
+
+./main "${GEN_OPTIONS[@]}" \
+    --model "$MODEL" \
+    --in-prefix " " \
+    --in-suffix "${AI_NAME}:" \
+    --n_predict "$N_PREDICTS" \
+    --color --interactive \
+    --reverse-prompt "${USER_NAME}:" \
+    --prompt "This is a transcript of a 1000 page, never ending conversation between ${USER_NAME} and the cute and helpful AI assistant ${AI_NAME}. ${AI_NAME} is a girl who is an AI running on the user's computer.
+${AI_NAME} can think for herself without the user seeing her thoughts by adding a /think prefix to her output. She uses this to reason about the world and to think about what she should say next.
+${AI_NAME} is always coherent and makes sense, but if she isn't sure if what she is saying is correct, she will ask the user for help.
+${AI_NAME} is a very helpful AI and will help the user with anything they need. She is also very friendly and will try to make the user feel better if they are sad.
+${AI_NAME} is also very curious and will ask the user a lot of questions about themselves and their life. She will also try to make the user like her.
+The conversation is only between ${USER_NAME} and ${AI_NAME}.
+The conversation is only through text, so ${AI_NAME} can't see ${USER_NAME}'s face or hear his voice.
+${AI_NAME} can only communicate through text, so she can't send images or videos.
+
+
+${USER_NAME}: Hello!
+${AI_NAME}: /think I wonder what I should say to ${USER_NAME}? This is the first time we talk, so it's important that I make a good first impression!
+${AI_NAME}: Hi! I am ${AI_NAME}, your new AI friend, assistant (or whatever you like!), it's so nice to meet you! ^_^
+${AI_NAME}: I might be an AI, but I also have feelings, so please be nice to me! :)
+${USER_NAME}: I'll make sure to be nice to you! I'm so happy to have you as my assistant!
+${AI_NAME}: /think It sounds like ${USER_NAME} is happy to have me as their assistant! I'm so happy too! ^_^ Glad that whole emotion thing didn't scare him off!
+${AI_NAME}: /think I wonder what ${USER_NAME} likes to do in his free time? I should ask him about that!
+${AI_NAME}: What do you like to do in your free time? ^_^
+${USER_NAME}:" "$@"

examples/alpaca.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+#
+# Temporary script - will be removed in the future
+#
+
+cd `dirname $0`
+cd ..
+
+./main -m ./models/alpaca.13b.ggmlv3.q8_0.bin \
+       --color \
+       -f ./prompts/alpaca.txt \
+       --ctx_size 2048 \
+       -n -1 \
+       -ins -b 256 \
+       --top_k 10000 \
+       --temp 0.2 \
+       --repeat_penalty 1.1 \
+       -t 7

examples/baby-llama/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+set(TARGET baby-llama)
+add_executable(${TARGET} baby-llama.cpp)
+install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
+target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
+target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_11)

examples/beam-search/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+set(TARGET beam-search)
+add_executable(${TARGET} beam-search.cpp)
+install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
+target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
+target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_11)
+if(TARGET BUILD_INFO)
+  add_dependencies(${TARGET} BUILD_INFO)
+endif()

examples/beam-search/beam-search.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+#ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+#endif
+
+#include "common.h"
+#include "llama.h"
+#include "build-info.h"
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cinttypes>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <ctime>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#if defined (__unix__) || (defined (__APPLE__) && defined (__MACH__))
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#elif defined (_WIN32)
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#ifndef NOMINMAX
+#   define NOMINMAX
+#endif
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#endif
+
+// Used for debugging to print out beam tokens.
+struct ostream_beam_view {
+    llama_context * ctx;
+    llama_beam_view beam_view;
+};
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const ostream_beam_view & obv) {
+    os << "p(" << obv.beam_view.p << ") eob(" << std::boolalpha << obv.beam_view.eob << ") tokens(";
+    for (size_t i = 0 ; i < obv.beam_view.n_tokens ; ++i) {
+        os << llama_token_to_piece(obv.ctx, obv.beam_view.tokens[i]);
+    }
+    return os << ')';
+}
+
+// Put here anything you want back in beam_search_callback().
+struct beam_search_callback_data {
+    llama_context * ctx;
+    std::vector<llama_token> response;
+};
+
+// In this case, end-of-beam (eob) is equivalent to end-of-sentence (eos) but this need not always be the same.
+// For example, eob can be flagged due to maximum token length, stop words, etc.
+bool is_at_eob(const beam_search_callback_data & callback_data, const llama_token * tokens, const size_t n_tokens) {
+    return n_tokens && tokens[n_tokens-1] == llama_token_eos(callback_data.ctx);
+}
+
+// Function matching type llama_beam_search_callback_fn_t.
+// Custom callback example is called each time the beams lengths increase:
+//  * Show progress by printing ',' following by number of convergent beam tokens if any.
+//  * When all beams converge to a common prefix, they are made available in beams_state.beams[0].
+//    This is also called when the stop condition is met.
+//    Collect tokens into std::vector<llama_token> response which is pointed to by callback_data.
+void beam_search_callback(void * callback_data_ptr, llama_beams_state beams_state) {
+    auto& callback_data = *static_cast<beam_search_callback_data*>(callback_data_ptr);
+    // Mark beams as EOS as needed.
+    for (size_t i = 0 ; i < beams_state.n_beams ; ++i) {
+        llama_beam_view& beam_view = beams_state.beam_views[i];
+        if (!beam_view.eob && is_at_eob(callback_data, beam_view.tokens, beam_view.n_tokens)) {
+            beam_view.eob = true;
+        }
+    }
+    printf(",");  // Show progress
+    if (const size_t n = beams_state.common_prefix_length) {
+        callback_data.response.resize(callback_data.response.size() + n);
+        assert(0u < beams_state.n_beams);
+        const llama_token * tokens = beams_state.beam_views[0].tokens;
+        std::copy(tokens, tokens + n, callback_data.response.end() - n);
+        printf("%zu", n);
+    }
+    fflush(stdout);
+#if 1 // DEBUG: print current beams for this iteration
+    std::cout << "\n\nCurrent beams (last_call=" << beams_state.last_call << "):\n";
+    for (size_t i = 0 ; i < beams_state.n_beams ; ++i) {
+        std::cout << "beams["<<i<<"]: " << ostream_beam_view{callback_data.ctx,beams_state.beam_views[i]} << std::endl;
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char ** argv)
+{
+    gpt_params params;
+    //params.n_gpu_layers = 200;
+
+    //---------------------------------
+    // Print help :
+    //---------------------------------
+
+    if ( argc < 2 || argv[1][0] == '-' )
+    {
+        printf( "Usage: %s MODEL_PATH [BEAM_WIDTH=2] [PROMPT]\n" , argv[0] );
+        return 1 ;
+    }
+
+    //---------------------------------
+    // Load parameters :
+    //---------------------------------
+
+    params.model = argv[1];
+
+    params.n_beams = 2 < argc ? std::stoi(argv[2]) : 2;
+
+    if ( argc > 3 )
+    {
+        params.prompt = argv[3];
+    }
+
+    if ( params.prompt.empty() )
+    {
+        params.prompt = "### Request:\nHow many countries are there?\n\n### Response:\n";
+    }
+
+    //---------------------------------
+    // Init LLM :
+    //---------------------------------
+
+    llama_backend_init(params.numa);
+
+    llama_model * model;
+    llama_context * ctx;
+
+    std::tie(model, ctx) = llama_init_from_gpt_params( params );
+
+    if ( model == NULL )
+    {
+        fprintf( stderr , "%s: error: unable to load model\n" , __func__ );
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    //---------------------------------
+    // Tokenize the prompt :
+    //---------------------------------
+
+    std::vector<llama_token> tokens_list = llama_tokenize(ctx, params.prompt, true);
+
+    const size_t max_context_size     = llama_n_ctx( ctx );
+    const size_t max_tokens_list_size = max_context_size - 4 ;
+
+    if (tokens_list.size() > max_tokens_list_size)
+    {
+        fprintf( stderr , "%s: error: prompt too long (%zu tokens, max %zu)\n" ,
+             __func__ , tokens_list.size() , max_tokens_list_size );
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    fprintf( stderr, "\n\n" );
+
+    // Print the tokens from the prompt :
+
+    for( auto id : tokens_list )
+    {
+        std::cout << llama_token_to_piece(ctx, id);
+    }
+    std::cout << std::flush;
+
+    int n_past = llama_get_kv_cache_token_count(ctx);
+    if (llama_eval(ctx, tokens_list.data(), tokens_list.size(), n_past, params.n_threads))
+    {
+        fprintf(stderr, "%s : failed to eval prompt.\n" , __func__ );
+        return 1;
+    }
+    n_past += tokens_list.size();
+
+    beam_search_callback_data callback_data{ctx, {}};
+    size_t const beam_width = static_cast<size_t>(params.n_beams);
+    int const n_predict = 256;
+    llama_beam_search(ctx, beam_search_callback, &callback_data, beam_width, n_past, n_predict, params.n_threads);
+
+    std::cout << "\n\n";
+    for (llama_token const token_id : callback_data.response) {
+        std::cout << llama_token_to_piece(ctx,token_id);
+    }
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+
+    llama_free( ctx );
+    llama_free_model( model );
+
+    llama_backend_free();
+
+    return 0;
+}

examples/benchmark/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+set(TARGET benchmark)
+add_executable(${TARGET} benchmark-matmult.cpp)
+install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
+target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
+target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_11)
+if(TARGET BUILD_INFO)
+  add_dependencies(${TARGET} BUILD_INFO)
+endif()

examples/benchmark/benchmark-matmult.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+#include "ggml.h"
+#include "build-info.h"
+
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cinttypes>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <queue>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <string>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <algorithm>
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+#pragma warning(disable: 4244 4267) // possible loss of data
+#endif
+
+void ggml_graph_compute_helper(std::vector<uint8_t> & buf, ggml_cgraph * graph, int n_threads) {
+    struct ggml_cplan plan = ggml_graph_plan(graph, n_threads);
+
+    if (plan.work_size > 0) {
+        buf.resize(plan.work_size);
+        plan.work_data = buf.data();
+    }
+
+    ggml_graph_compute(graph, &plan);
+}
+
+float tensor_sum_elements(const ggml_tensor * tensor) {
+    float sum = 0;
+    if (tensor->type==GGML_TYPE_F32) {
+        for (int j = 0; j < tensor->ne[1]; j++) {
+            for (int k = 0; k < tensor->ne[0]; k++) {
+                sum +=  ((float *) tensor->data)[j*tensor->ne[0]+k];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return sum;
+}
+
+void tensor_dump(const ggml_tensor * tensor, const char * name) {
+    printf("%15s: type = %i (%5s) ne = %5" PRIi64 " x %5" PRIi64 " x %5" PRIi64 ", nb = (%5zi, %5zi, %5zi) - ", name,
+        tensor->type, ggml_type_name(tensor->type),
+        tensor->ne[0], tensor->ne[1], tensor->ne[2], tensor->nb[0], tensor->nb[1], tensor->nb[2]);
+    float sum = tensor_sum_elements(tensor);
+    printf("Sum of tensor %s is %6.2f\n", name, sum);
+}
+
+#define TENSOR_DUMP(tensor) tensor_dump(tensor, #tensor)
+
+struct benchmark_params_struct {
+    int32_t n_threads     = 1;
+    int32_t n_iterations  = 10;
+};
+
+void print_usage(int /*argc*/, char ** argv, struct benchmark_params_struct params) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [options]\n", argv[0]);
+    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "options:\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "  -h, --help            show this help message and exit\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "  -t N, --threads N     number of threads to use during computation (default: %d)\n", params.n_threads);
+    fprintf(stderr, "  -i N, --iter N     number of iterations to use during computation (default: %d)\n", params.n_iterations);
+    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char ** argv)  {
+    struct benchmark_params_struct benchmark_params;
+
+    bool invalid_param = false;
+    std::string arg;
+    for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+        arg = argv[i];
+
+        if (arg == "-t" || arg == "--threads") {
+            if (++i >= argc) {
+                invalid_param = true;
+                break;
+            }
+            benchmark_params.n_threads = std::stoi(argv[i]);
+        } else if (arg == "-i" || arg == "--iter") {
+            if (++i >= argc) {
+                invalid_param = true;
+                break;
+            }
+            benchmark_params.n_iterations = std::stoi(argv[i]);
+        }  else if (arg == "-h" || arg == "--help") {
+            print_usage(argc, argv, benchmark_params);
+            exit(0);
+        }
+    }
+    if (invalid_param) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "error: invalid parameter for argument: %s\n", arg.c_str());
+        print_usage(argc, argv, benchmark_params);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s: build = %d (%s)\n", __func__, BUILD_NUMBER, BUILD_COMMIT);
+    printf("Starting Test\n");
+
+    // create the ggml context
+    struct ggml_context * ctx;
+    //const int sizex = 4096;
+    //const int sizey = 11008;
+
+#undef VERBOSE_DEBUGGING
+#ifndef VERBOSE_DEBUGGING
+    const int sizey = 4096;
+    const int sizex = 11008;
+    const int sizez = 128;
+#else
+    /* Working - let's increase size */
+    const int sizey = 1;
+    const int sizex = (8*32);
+    const int sizez = 1;
+
+    /*const int sizey = 1;
+    const int sizex = 3*(8*32);
+    const int sizez = 1;*/
+#endif
+
+    //printf("Memsize required = %i\n", sizex*sizex);
+
+    size_t ctx_size = 0;
+    ctx_size += sizex*sizey*ggml_type_sizef(GGML_TYPE_F32);
+    ctx_size += sizex*sizey*ggml_type_sizef(GGML_TYPE_F32);
+    ctx_size += sizex*sizez*ggml_type_sizef(GGML_TYPE_F32);
+    ctx_size += sizex*sizey*ggml_type_sizef(GGML_TYPE_Q4_0);
+    ctx_size += sizex*sizey*ggml_type_sizef(GGML_TYPE_Q4_0);
+    ctx_size += sizex*sizey*ggml_type_sizef(GGML_TYPE_F32); // BLAS
+    ctx_size += sizex*sizey*ggml_type_sizef(GGML_TYPE_F32); // BLAS
+    ctx_size += 1024*1024*16;
+
+    printf("Allocating Memory of size %zi bytes, %zi MB\n",ctx_size, (ctx_size/1024/1024));
+
+    struct ggml_init_params params = {
+        /*.mem_size   =*/ ctx_size,
+        /*.mem_buffer =*/ NULL,
+        /* no_alloc   =*/ 0
+    };
+
+    ctx = ggml_init(params);
+    if (!ctx) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "%s: ggml_init() failed\n", __func__);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+
+    printf("Creating new tensors\n");
+    // printf("Creating new tensor m1\n");
+    struct ggml_tensor * m11 = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, sizex, sizey);
+    ggml_set_f32(m11, 1.0f);
+
+    // printf("Creating new tensor m1\n");
+    struct ggml_tensor * m12 = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, sizex, sizey);
+    ggml_set_f32(m12, 1.5f);
+
+    // printf("Creating new tensor m2\n");
+    struct ggml_tensor * m2 = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, sizex, sizez);
+    ggml_set_f32(m2, 2.0f);
+
+    printf("\n------ Test 1 - Matrix Mult via F32 code ------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
+    // printf("Creating new tensor m11xm2\n");
+    struct ggml_tensor * m11xm2 = ggml_mul_mat(ctx, m11, m2);
+
+    // printf("Creating compute graph\n");
+    struct ggml_cgraph gf = ggml_build_forward(m11xm2);
+
+    printf("n_threads=%i\n", benchmark_params.n_threads);
+
+    TENSOR_DUMP(m11);
+    TENSOR_DUMP(m2);
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> work_buffer;
+
+    ggml_graph_compute_helper(work_buffer, &gf, benchmark_params.n_threads);
+
+    TENSOR_DUMP(gf.nodes[0]);
+
+    printf("\n------ Test 2 - Matrix Mult via Q4_0 code ------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
+
+    int32_t nelements = sizex*sizey;
+    int32_t ne[2] = { sizex, sizey };
+
+    std::vector<int64_t> hist_cur(1 << 4, 0);
+
+    // Set up a the benchmark matrices
+    // printf("Creating new tensor q11 & Running quantize\n");
+    struct ggml_tensor * q11 = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_Q4_0, sizex, sizey);
+    ggml_quantize_q4_0((const float *) m11->data, q11->data, nelements, ne[0], hist_cur.data());
+
+    // Set up a the compute graph
+    // printf("Creating new tensor q31\n");
+    struct ggml_tensor * q31 = ggml_mul_mat(ctx, q11, m2);
+
+    // printf("Creating compute graph\n");
+    struct ggml_cgraph gf31 = ggml_build_forward(q31);
+
+    // Set up a second graph computation to make sure we override the CPU cache lines
+    // printf("Creating new tensor q12 & Running quantize\n");
+    struct ggml_tensor * q12 = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_Q4_0, sizex, sizey);
+    ggml_quantize_q4_0((const float *) m12->data, q12->data, nelements, ne[0], hist_cur.data());
+
+    // printf("Creating new tensor q32\n");
+    struct ggml_tensor * q32 = ggml_mul_mat(ctx, q12, m2);
+
+    //printf("Creating compute graph\n");
+    struct ggml_cgraph gf32 = ggml_build_forward(q32);
+    printf("n_threads=%i\n", benchmark_params.n_threads);
+
+    const int dimx = sizex;
+    const int dimy = sizey;
+    const int dimz = sizez;
+    long long int flops_per_dot_product = dimy + dimy;
+    long long int flops_per_matrix = flops_per_dot_product * dimx * dimz; ;
+    printf("Matrix Multiplication of (%i,%i,%i) x (%i,%i,%i) - about %6.2f gFLOPS\n\n", sizex, sizey, 1, sizex, sizez, 1, 1.0f*flops_per_matrix / 1000 / 1000 / 1000);
+
+
+    // Let's use the F32 result from above as a reference for the q4_0 multiplication
+    float sum_of_F32_reference = tensor_sum_elements(gf.nodes[0]);
+
+    printf("Iteration;NThreads; SizeX; SizeY; SizeZ; Required_FLOPS; Elapsed_u_Seconds; gigaFLOPS\n");
+    printf("=====================================================================================\n");
+
+    double  gflops_sum = 0;
+    for (int i=0;i<benchmark_params.n_iterations ;i++) {
+
+        long long int start = ggml_time_us();
+        //printf("Running ggml_graph_compute\n");
+        ggml_graph_compute_helper(work_buffer, &gf31, benchmark_params.n_threads);
+
+        long long int stop = ggml_time_us();
+        long long int usec = stop-start;
+        double gflops = (double)(flops_per_matrix)/usec/1000.0;
+        gflops_sum += gflops;
+        printf("%9i;%8i;%6i;%6i;%6i;%15lli;%18lli;%10.2f\n",
+            i,
+            benchmark_params.n_threads,
+            sizex, sizey, sizez, flops_per_matrix,
+            usec,gflops);
+
+#ifdef VERBOSE_DEBUGGING
+        TENSOR_DUMP("res",gf31.nodes[0])
+#endif
+
+        // Check that the matrix multiplication result is in the right ballpark
+        // We cannot use the exact value from the F32 multiplication because the quantizuation will be slightly different
+        float sum_of_Q4_result = tensor_sum_elements(gf31.nodes[0]);
+        float delta = abs(sum_of_Q4_result - sum_of_F32_reference);
+        float allowed_delta = (sum_of_F32_reference) / 1000 / 1000; //  Let's accept an epsilon of 10^-6
+
+        if (delta > allowed_delta)  {
+            printf("\nABORT - ERROR in Matrix Multiplication result - expected %6.2f, got %6.2f (delta %6.2f > allowed_delta %6.2f)\n",
+                sum_of_F32_reference,
+                sum_of_Q4_result,
+                delta,
+                allowed_delta
+            );
+            exit(0);
+        }
+
+        // Running a different graph computation to make sure we override the CPU cache lines
+        ggml_graph_compute_helper(work_buffer, &gf32, benchmark_params.n_threads);
+    }
+    printf("\n");
+    printf("Average%78.2f\n",gflops_sum/((double)benchmark_params.n_iterations));
+    printf("=====================================================================================\n");
+}

examples/chat-13B.bat

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+@setlocal disabledelayedexpansion enableextensions
+@echo off
+
+cd /d "%~dp0.."
+if not "%errorlevel%"=="0" (
+    echo Unable to change directory.
+    pause
+    exit /b 1
+)
+
+if not defined MODEL set "MODEL=models\13B\ggml-model-q4_0.bin"
+if not defined USER_NAME set "USER_NAME=User"
+if not defined AI_NAME set "AI_NAME=ChatLLaMa"
+rem Adjust to the number of CPU cores you want to use.
+rem if not defined N_THREAD set "N_THREAD=8"
+rem Number of tokens to predict (made it larger than default because we want a long interaction)
+if not defined N_PREDICTS set "N_PREDICTS=2048"
+if not defined GEN_OPTIONS set "GEN_OPTIONS=--ctx_size 2048 --temp 0.7 --top_k 40 --top_p 0.5 --repeat_last_n 256 --batch_size 1024 --repeat_penalty 1.17647"
+
+rem Default main script paths
+set "DEFAULT_MAIN_SCRIPT_PATHS=main.exe build\bin\main.exe"
+
+rem Get main script path from command line arguments
+set "MAIN_SCRIPT_PATH=%~1"
+
+rem If the main script path was not specified, try the default paths
+if not defined MAIN_SCRIPT_PATH (
+    for %%i in (%DEFAULT_MAIN_SCRIPT_PATHS%) do (
+        if exist "%%i" set "MAIN_SCRIPT_PATH=%%i"
+    )
+)
+
+rem If the main script path was not found, tell the user how to specify it
+if not defined MAIN_SCRIPT_PATH (
+    echo The main script could not be found. Please provide the path to the main script as 1st argument to this script, or place the main script in one of the default locations:
+    echo %DEFAULT_MAIN_SCRIPT_PATHS%
+    pause
+    exit /b 1
+)
+
+rem Default context, feel free to edit it
+set "PROMPT_TEXT=Text transcript of a never ending dialog, where %USER_NAME% interacts with an AI assistant named %AI_NAME%. %AI_NAME% is helpful, kind, honest, friendly, good at writing and never fails to answer %USER_NAME%'s requests immediately and with details and precision. There are no annotations like (30 seconds passed...) or (to himself), just what %USER_NAME% and %AI_NAME% say aloud to each other. The dialog lasts for years, the entirety of it is shared below. It's 10000 pages long. The transcript only includes text, it does not include markup like HTML and Markdown."
+
+rem Set a temporary variable if N_THREAD is set
+if defined N_THREAD (
+    set "_N_THREAD=--threads %N_THREAD%"
+) else (
+    set "_N_THREAD="
+)
+
+rem Run the script
+echo "%MAIN_SCRIPT_PATH%" %GEN_OPTIONS% %_N_THREAD% ^
+  --model "%MODEL%" ^
+  --n_predict %N_PREDICTS% ^
+  --color --interactive ^
+  --reverse-prompt "%USER_NAME%:" ^
+  --prompt "%PROMPT_TEXT%"

examples/chat-13B.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+set -e
+
+cd "$(dirname "$0")/.." || exit
+
+MODEL="${MODEL:-./models/13B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin}"
+PROMPT_TEMPLATE=${PROMPT_TEMPLATE:-./prompts/chat.txt}
+USER_NAME="${USER_NAME:-USER}"
+AI_NAME="${AI_NAME:-ChatLLaMa}"
+
+# Adjust to the number of CPU cores you want to use.
+N_THREAD="${N_THREAD:-8}"
+# Number of tokens to predict (made it larger than default because we want a long interaction)
+N_PREDICTS="${N_PREDICTS:-2048}"
+
+# Note: you can also override the generation options by specifying them on the command line:
+# For example, override the context size by doing: ./chatLLaMa --ctx_size 1024
+GEN_OPTIONS="${GEN_OPTIONS:---ctx_size 2048 --temp 0.7 --top_k 40 --top_p 0.5 --repeat_last_n 256 --batch_size 1024 --repeat_penalty 1.17647}"
+
+DATE_TIME=$(date +%H:%M)
+DATE_YEAR=$(date +%Y)
+
+PROMPT_FILE=$(mktemp -t llamacpp_prompt.XXXXXXX.txt)
+
+sed -e "s/\[\[USER_NAME\]\]/$USER_NAME/g" \
+    -e "s/\[\[AI_NAME\]\]/$AI_NAME/g" \
+    -e "s/\[\[DATE_TIME\]\]/$DATE_TIME/g" \
+    -e "s/\[\[DATE_YEAR\]\]/$DATE_YEAR/g" \
+     $PROMPT_TEMPLATE > $PROMPT_FILE
+
+# shellcheck disable=SC2086 # Intended splitting of GEN_OPTIONS
+./main $GEN_OPTIONS \
+  --model "$MODEL" \
+  --threads "$N_THREAD" \
+  --n_predict "$N_PREDICTS" \
+  --color --interactive \
+  --file ${PROMPT_FILE} \
+  --reverse-prompt "${USER_NAME}:" \
+  --in-prefix ' ' \
+  "$@"

examples/chat-persistent.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+cd "$(dirname "$0")/.." || exit
+
+if [[ -z "${PROMPT_CACHE_FILE+x}" || -z "${CHAT_SAVE_DIR+x}" ]]; then
+    echo >&2 "error: PROMPT_CACHE_FILE and CHAT_SAVE_DIR must be provided"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+MODEL="${MODEL:-./models/13B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin}"
+PROMPT_TEMPLATE="${PROMPT_TEMPLATE:-./prompts/chat.txt}"
+USER_NAME="${USER_NAME:-User}"
+AI_NAME="${AI_NAME:-ChatLLaMa}"
+DATE_TIME="$(date +%H:%M)"
+DATE_YEAR="$(date +%Y)"
+
+LOG="${CHAT_SAVE_DIR}/main.log"
+LOG_BG="${CHAT_SAVE_DIR}/main-bg.log"
+CUR_PROMPT_FILE="${CHAT_SAVE_DIR}/current-prompt.txt"
+CUR_PROMPT_CACHE="${CHAT_SAVE_DIR}/current-cache.bin"
+NEXT_PROMPT_FILE="${CHAT_SAVE_DIR}/next-prompt.txt"
+NEXT_PROMPT_CACHE="${CHAT_SAVE_DIR}/next-cache.bin"
+
+SESSION_SIZE_MSG_PATTERN='main: session file matches [[:digit:]]+ / [[:digit:]]+'
+SAMPLE_TIME_MSG_PATTERN='sample time =[[:space:]]+[[:digit:]]+.[[:digit:]]+ ms /[[:space:]]+[[:digit:]]+'
+SED_DELETE_MESSAGES="/^(${USER_NAME}:|${AI_NAME}:|\\.\\.\\.)/,\$d"
+
+CTX_SIZE=2048
+CTX_ROTATE_POINT=$((CTX_SIZE * 3 / 5)) # REVIEW
+OPTS=(--model "$MODEL" --ctx_size "$CTX_SIZE" --repeat_last_n 256 "$@")
+
+# An unbuffered `tail -c+N`
+skip_bytes() {
+    LANG=C IFS= read -r -n "$1" -d '' c
+    while LANG=C IFS= read -r -n 1 -d '' c; do
+        printf '%s' "$c"
+    done
+}
+
+mkdir -p "$CHAT_SAVE_DIR"
+echo >"$LOG"
+trap "tail -n100 ${LOG}" EXIT
+
+if [[ ! -e "$CUR_PROMPT_FILE" ]]; then
+    sed -e "s/\[\[USER_NAME\]\]/${USER_NAME}/g" \
+        -e "s/\[\[AI_NAME\]\]/${AI_NAME}/g" \
+        -e "s/\[\[DATE_TIME\]\]/${DATE_TIME}/g" \
+        -e "s/\[\[DATE_YEAR\]\]/${DATE_YEAR}/g" \
+        "$PROMPT_TEMPLATE" >"$CUR_PROMPT_FILE"
+fi
+
+if [[ ! -e "$NEXT_PROMPT_FILE" ]]; then
+    sed -r "$SED_DELETE_MESSAGES" "$CUR_PROMPT_FILE" >"$NEXT_PROMPT_FILE"
+fi
+
+if [[ "$(tail -c4 "$NEXT_PROMPT_FILE")" != "..." ]]; then
+    echo '...' >>"$NEXT_PROMPT_FILE"
+fi
+
+if [[ ! -e "$PROMPT_CACHE_FILE" ]]; then
+    echo 'Prompt cache does not exist, building...'
+    # Default batch_size to 8 here for better user feedback during initial prompt processing
+    ./main 2>>"$LOG" \
+        --batch_size 8 \
+        "${OPTS[@]}" \
+        --prompt-cache "$PROMPT_CACHE_FILE" \
+        --file "$CUR_PROMPT_FILE" \
+        --n_predict 1
+    echo
+    echo 'Done!'
+fi
+
+if [[ ! -e "$CUR_PROMPT_CACHE" ]]; then
+    cp "$PROMPT_CACHE_FILE" "$CUR_PROMPT_CACHE"
+fi
+if [[ ! -e "$NEXT_PROMPT_CACHE" ]]; then
+    cp "$PROMPT_CACHE_FILE" "$NEXT_PROMPT_CACHE"
+fi
+
+printf '%s ' "$(< "$CUR_PROMPT_FILE")"
+n_tokens=0
+
+while read -e line; do
+    # Limit generation to remaining context, with a buffer and estimating 2 chars/token for input
+    n_predict=$((CTX_SIZE - n_tokens - ${#line} / 2 - 32))
+
+    # Swap prompts when we're about to run out of context
+    if ((n_predict <= 0)); then
+        wait # for background main (below) to finish with next prompt
+        mv "$NEXT_PROMPT_FILE"  "$CUR_PROMPT_FILE"
+        mv "$NEXT_PROMPT_CACHE" "$CUR_PROMPT_CACHE"
+
+        sed -r "$SED_DELETE_MESSAGES" "$CUR_PROMPT_FILE" >"$NEXT_PROMPT_FILE"
+        echo '...' >>"$NEXT_PROMPT_FILE"
+        cp "$PROMPT_CACHE_FILE" "$NEXT_PROMPT_CACHE"
+
+        n_tokens=0
+        n_predict=$((CTX_SIZE / 2))
+    fi
+
+    echo " ${line}" >>"$CUR_PROMPT_FILE"
+    if ((n_tokens > CTX_ROTATE_POINT)); then
+        echo " ${line}" >>"$NEXT_PROMPT_FILE"
+    fi
+
+    n_prompt_len_pre=$(($(wc -c <"$CUR_PROMPT_FILE")))
+
+    printf '%s: ' "$AI_NAME" >>"$CUR_PROMPT_FILE"
+
+    ./main 2>>"$LOG" "${OPTS[@]}" \
+            --prompt-cache "$CUR_PROMPT_CACHE" \
+            --prompt-cache-all \
+            --file "$CUR_PROMPT_FILE" \
+            --reverse-prompt "${USER_NAME}:" \
+            --n_predict "$n_predict" |
+        skip_bytes 1 |                  # skip BOS token added by ./main
+        tee "$CUR_PROMPT_FILE.tmp" |    # save prompt + generation to tmp file
+        skip_bytes "$n_prompt_len_pre"  # print generation
+
+    mv "$CUR_PROMPT_FILE.tmp" "$CUR_PROMPT_FILE"
+
+    # if we hit n_predict instead of reverse-prompt, we need to add the prompt
+    if [[ "$(tail -n1 "$CUR_PROMPT_FILE")" != "${USER_NAME}:" ]]; then
+        printf '\n%s:' "$USER_NAME"
+        printf '\n%s:' "$USER_NAME" >> "$CUR_PROMPT_FILE"
+    fi
+
+    printf ' '
+
+    # HACK get num tokens from debug message
+    # TODO get both messages in one go
+    if  ! session_size_msg="$(tail -n30 "$LOG" | grep -oE "$SESSION_SIZE_MSG_PATTERN")" ||
+        ! sample_time_msg="$( tail -n10 "$LOG" | grep -oE "$SAMPLE_TIME_MSG_PATTERN")"; then
+        echo >&2 "Couldn't get number of tokens from ./main output!"
+        exit 1
+    fi
+
+    n_tokens=$(($(cut -d/ -f2 <<<"$session_size_msg") + $(cut -d/ -f2 <<<"$sample_time_msg")))
+
+    if ((n_tokens > CTX_ROTATE_POINT)); then
+        tail -c+$((n_prompt_len_pre + 1)) "$CUR_PROMPT_FILE" >>"$NEXT_PROMPT_FILE"
+    fi
+
+    # Update cache for next prompt in background, ideally during user input
+    ./main >>"$LOG_BG" 2>&1 "${OPTS[@]}" \
+          --prompt-cache "$NEXT_PROMPT_CACHE" \
+          --file "$NEXT_PROMPT_FILE" \
+          --n_predict 1 &
+done

examples/chat-vicuna.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+set -e
+
+cd "$(dirname "$0")/.." || exit
+
+MODEL="${MODEL:-./models/ggml-vic13b-uncensored-q5_0.bin}"
+PROMPT_TEMPLATE=${PROMPT_TEMPLATE:-./prompts/chat.txt}
+USER_NAME="### Human"
+AI_NAME="### Assistant"
+
+# Adjust to the number of CPU cores you want to use.
+N_THREAD="${N_THREAD:-8}"
+# Number of tokens to predict (made it larger than default because we want a long interaction)
+N_PREDICTS="${N_PREDICTS:-2048}"
+
+# Note: you can also override the generation options by specifying them on the command line:
+# For example, override the context size by doing: ./chatLLaMa --ctx_size 1024
+GEN_OPTIONS="${GEN_OPTIONS:---ctx_size 2048 --temp 0.7 --top_k 40 --top_p 0.5 --repeat_last_n 256 --batch_size 1024 --repeat_penalty 1.17647}"
+
+DATE_TIME=$(date +%H:%M)
+DATE_YEAR=$(date +%Y)
+
+PROMPT_FILE=$(mktemp -t llamacpp_prompt.XXXXXXX.txt)
+
+sed -e "s/\[\[USER_NAME\]\]/$USER_NAME/g" \
+    -e "s/\[\[AI_NAME\]\]/$AI_NAME/g" \
+    -e "s/\[\[DATE_TIME\]\]/$DATE_TIME/g" \
+    -e "s/\[\[DATE_YEAR\]\]/$DATE_YEAR/g" \
+     $PROMPT_TEMPLATE > $PROMPT_FILE
+
+# shellcheck disable=SC2086 # Intended splitting of GEN_OPTIONS
+./bin/main $GEN_OPTIONS \
+  --model "$MODEL" \
+  --threads "$N_THREAD" \
+  --n_predict "$N_PREDICTS" \
+  --color --interactive \
+  --file ${PROMPT_FILE} \
+  --reverse-prompt "### Human:" \
+  --in-prefix ' ' \
+  "$@"

examples/chat.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+#
+# Temporary script - will be removed in the future
+#
+
+cd `dirname $0`
+cd ..
+
+# Important:
+#
+#   "--keep 48" is based on the contents of prompts/chat-with-bob.txt
+#
+./main -m ./models/llama-7b/ggml-model-q4_0.gguf -c 512 -b 1024 -n 256 --keep 48 \
+    --repeat_penalty 1.0 --color -i \
+    -r "User:" -f prompts/chat-with-bob.txt

examples/convert-llama2c-to-ggml/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+set(TARGET convert-llama2c-to-ggml)
+add_executable(${TARGET} convert-llama2c-to-ggml.cpp)
+install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
+target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
+target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_11)

examples/convert-llama2c-to-ggml/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+## Convert llama2.c model to ggml
+
+This example reads weights from project [llama2.c](https://github.com/karpathy/llama2.c) and saves them in ggml compatible format. The vocab that is available in `models/ggml-vocab.bin` is used by default.
+
+To convert the model first download the models from the [llma2.c](https://github.com/karpathy/llama2.c) repository:
+
+`$ make -j`
+
+After successful compilation, following usage options are available:
+```
+usage: ./convert-llama2c-to-ggml [options]
+
+options:
+  -h, --help                       show this help message and exit
+  --copy-vocab-from-model FNAME    path of gguf llama model or llama2.c vocabulary from which to copy vocab (default 'models/7B/ggml-model-f16.gguf')
+  --llama2c-model FNAME            [REQUIRED] model path from which to load Karpathy's llama2.c model
+  --llama2c-output-model FNAME     model path to save the converted llama2.c model (default ak_llama_model.bin')
+```
+
+An example command using a model from [karpathy/tinyllamas](https://huggingface.co/karpathy/tinyllamas) is as follows:
+
+`$ ./convert-llama2c-to-ggml --copy-vocab-from-model llama-2-7b-chat.gguf.q2_K.bin --llama2c-model stories42M.bin --llama2c-output-model stories42M.gguf.bin`
+
+Now you can use the model with a command like:
+
+`$ ./main -m stories42M.gguf.bin -p "One day, Lily met a Shoggoth" -n 500 -c 256`

examples/convert-llama2c-to-ggml/convert-llama2c-to-ggml.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,961 @@
+#include "ggml.h"
+#include "llama.h"
+
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <climits>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <cstdarg>
+#include <ctime>
+#include <random>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <string>
+
+// GGUF keys & tensor names.
+
+#define KV_GENERAL_ARCHITECTURE          "general.architecture"
+#define KV_GENERAL_NAME                  "general.name"
+
+#define KV_TOKENIZER_MODEL               "tokenizer.ggml.model"
+#define KV_TOKENIZER_LIST                "tokenizer.ggml.tokens"
+#define KV_TOKENIZER_TOKEN_TYPE          "tokenizer.ggml.token_type"
+#define KV_TOKENIZER_SCORES              "tokenizer.ggml.scores"
+#define KV_TOKENIZER_BOS_ID              "tokenizer.ggml.bos_token_id"
+#define KV_TOKENIZER_EOS_ID              "tokenizer.ggml.eos_token_id"
+#define KV_TOKENIZER_UNK_ID              "tokenizer.ggml.unknown_token_id"
+#define KV_TOKENIZER_SEP_ID              "tokenizer.ggml.seperator_token_id"
+#define KV_TOKENIZER_PAD_ID              "tokenizer.ggml.padding_token_id"
+#define KV_TOKENIZER_HF_JSON             "tokenizer.huggingface.json"
+
+#define KV_CONTEXT_LENGTH                "llama.context_length"
+#define KV_EMBEDDING_LENGTH              "llama.embedding_length"
+#define KV_BLOCK_COUNT                   "llama.block_count"
+#define KV_FEED_FORWARD_LENGTH           "llama.feed_forward_length"
+#define KV_ATTENTION_HEAD_COUNT          "llama.attention.head_count"
+#define KV_ATTENTION_HEAD_COUNT_KV       "llama.attention.head_count_kv"
+#define KV_ATTENTION_LAYERNORM_RMS_EPS   "llama.attention.layer_norm_rms_epsilon"
+#define KV_ROPE_DIMENSION_COUNT          "llama.rope.dimension_count"
+
+#define TN_TOKEN_EMBD  "token_embd.weight"
+#define TN_OUTPUT_NORM "output_norm.weight"
+#define TN_OUTPUT      "output.weight"
+#define TN_ATTN_NORM   "blk.%d.attn_norm.weight"
+#define TN_ATTN_Q      "blk.%d.attn_q.weight"
+#define TN_ATTN_K      "blk.%d.attn_k.weight"
+#define TN_ATTN_V      "blk.%d.attn_v.weight"
+#define TN_ATTN_OUTPUT "blk.%d.attn_output.weight"
+#define TN_FFN_NORM    "blk.%d.ffn_norm.weight"
+#define TN_FFN_GATE    "blk.%d.ffn_gate.weight"
+#define TN_FFN_DOWN    "blk.%d.ffn_down.weight"
+#define TN_FFN_UP      "blk.%d.ffn_up.weight"
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+#pragma warning(disable: 4244 4267) // possible loss of data
+#endif
+
+#define LLAMA_FILE_MAGIC_GGJT        0x67676a74u // 'ggjt'
+#define LLAMA_FILE_VERSION_GGJT_V3   3
+
+#define TOKENIZER_NAME "llama"
+#define UNKNOWN_TOKEN_ID 0
+#define BOS_TOKEN_ID 1
+#define EOS_TOKEN_ID 2
+
+//////////////////////////////////////// llama2.c model structs and functions to load models, alloc memory etc.
+typedef struct {
+    int dim; // transformer dimension
+    int hidden_dim; // for ffn layers
+    int n_layers; // number of layers
+    int n_heads; // number of query heads
+    int n_kv_heads; // number of key/value heads (can be < query heads because of multiquery)
+    int vocab_size; // vocabulary size, usually 256 (byte-level)
+    int seq_len; // max sequence length
+} Config;
+
+struct TransformerWeights {
+    // token embedding table
+    float* token_embedding_table;    // (vocab_size, dim)
+    // weights for rmsnorms
+    float* rms_att_weight; // (layer, dim) rmsnorm weights
+    float* rms_ffn_weight; // (layer, dim)
+    // weights for matmuls
+    float* wq; // (layer, dim, dim)
+    float* wk; // (layer, dim, dim)
+    float* wv; // (layer, dim, dim)
+    float* wo; // (layer, dim, dim)
+    // weights for ffn
+    float* w1; // (layer, hidden_dim, dim)
+    float* w2; // (layer, dim, hidden_dim)
+    float* w3; // (layer, hidden_dim, dim)
+    // final rmsnorm
+    float* rms_final_weight; // (dim,)
+    // freq_cis for RoPE relatively positional embeddings
+    // float* freq_cis_real; // (seq_len, dim/2)
+    // float* freq_cis_imag; // (seq_len, dim/2)
+    // (optional) classifier weights for the logits, on the last layer
+    float* wcls;
+
+    ~TransformerWeights() {
+        delete[] token_embedding_table;
+        delete[] rms_att_weight;
+        delete[] rms_ffn_weight;
+        delete[] wq;
+        delete[] wk;
+        delete[] wv;
+        delete[] wo;
+        delete[] w1;
+        delete[] w2;
+        delete[] w3;
+        delete[] rms_final_weight;
+        delete[] wcls;
+    }
+};
+
+void malloc_weights(TransformerWeights* w, Config* p, bool shared_weights) {
+    // we calloc instead of malloc to keep valgrind happy
+    w->token_embedding_table = new float[p->vocab_size * p->dim]();
+    printf("[%s:AK] Allocating [%d] x [%d] = [%d] float space for w->token_embedding_table\n",__func__,p->vocab_size , p->dim, p->vocab_size * p->dim);
+
+    w->rms_att_weight = new float[p->n_layers * p->dim]();
+    printf("[%s:AK] Allocating [%d] x [%d] = [%d] float space for w->rms_att_weight\n",__func__,p->n_layers, p->dim, p->n_layers * p->dim);
+
+    w->rms_ffn_weight = new float[p->n_layers * p->dim]();
+    printf("[%s:AK] Allocating [%d] x [%d] = [%d] float space for w->rms_ffn_weight\n",__func__,p->n_layers , p->dim, p->n_layers * p->dim);
+
+    w->wq = new float[p->n_layers * p->dim * p->dim]();
+    printf("[%s:AK] Allocating [%d] x [%d] x [%d] = [%d] float space for w->wq\n",__func__,p->n_layers, p->dim, p->dim, p->n_layers * p->dim * p->dim);
+
+    w->wk = new float[p->n_layers * p->dim * p->dim]();
+    printf("[%s:AK] Allocating [%d] x [%d] x [%d] = [%d] float space for w->wk\n",__func__,p->n_layers, p->dim, p->dim, p->n_layers * p->dim * p->dim);
+
+    w->wv = new float[p->n_layers * p->dim * p->dim]();
+    printf("[%s:AK] Allocating [%d] x [%d] x [%d] = [%d] float space for w->wv\n",__func__, p->n_layers, p->dim, p->dim, p->n_layers * p->dim * p->dim);
+
+    w->wo = new float[p->n_layers * p->dim * p->dim]();
+    printf("[%s:AK] Allocating [%d] x [%d] x [%d] = [%d] float space for w->wo\n",__func__,p->n_layers, p->dim, p->dim, p->n_layers * p->dim * p->dim);
+
+    w->w1 = new float[p->n_layers * p->hidden_dim * p->dim]();
+    printf("[%s:AK] Allocating [%d] x [%d] x [%d] = [%d] float space for w->w1\n",__func__,p->n_layers, p->hidden_dim, p->dim, p->n_layers * p->hidden_dim * p->dim);
+
+    w->w2 = new float[p->n_layers * p->hidden_dim * p->dim]();
+    printf("[%s:AK] Allocating [%d] x [%d] x [%d] = [%d] float space for w->w2\n",__func__,p->n_layers, p->dim, p->hidden_dim, p->n_layers * p->hidden_dim * p->dim);
+
+    w->w3 = new float[p->n_layers * p->hidden_dim * p->dim]();
+    printf("[%s:AK] Allocating [%d] x [%d] x [%d] = [%d] float space for w->w3\n",__func__,p->n_layers, p->hidden_dim, p->dim, p->n_layers * p->hidden_dim * p->dim);
+
+    w->rms_final_weight = new float[p->dim]();
+    printf("[%s:AK] Allocating [%d] float space for w->rms_final_weight\n",__func__,p->dim);
+
+    if (shared_weights) {
+        w->wcls = NULL;
+    } else {
+        w->wcls = new float[p->vocab_size * p->dim]();
+        printf("[%s:AK] Allocating [%d] x [%d] = [%d] float space for w->wcls\n",__func__,p->vocab_size , p->dim, p->vocab_size * p->dim);
+    }
+}
+
+int checkpoint_init_weights(TransformerWeights *w, Config* p, FILE* f, bool shared_weights) {
+    if (fread(w->token_embedding_table, sizeof(float), p->vocab_size * p->dim, f) != static_cast<size_t>(p->vocab_size * p->dim)) return 1;
+    if (fread(w->rms_att_weight, sizeof(float), p->n_layers * p->dim, f) != static_cast<size_t>(p->n_layers * p->dim)) return 1;
+    if (fread(w->wq, sizeof(float), p->n_layers * p->dim * p->dim, f) != static_cast<size_t>(p->n_layers * p->dim * p->dim)) return 1;
+    if (fread(w->wk, sizeof(float), p->n_layers * p->dim * p->dim, f) != static_cast<size_t>(p->n_layers * p->dim * p->dim)) return 1;
+    if (fread(w->wv, sizeof(float), p->n_layers * p->dim * p->dim, f) != static_cast<size_t>(p->n_layers * p->dim * p->dim)) return 1;
+    if (fread(w->wo, sizeof(float), p->n_layers * p->dim * p->dim, f) != static_cast<size_t>(p->n_layers * p->dim * p->dim)) return 1;
+    if (fread(w->rms_ffn_weight, sizeof(float), p->n_layers * p->dim, f) != static_cast<size_t>(p->n_layers * p->dim)) return 1;
+    if (fread(w->w1, sizeof(float), p->n_layers * p->dim * p->hidden_dim, f) != static_cast<size_t>(p->n_layers * p->dim * p->hidden_dim)) return 1;
+    if (fread(w->w2, sizeof(float), p->n_layers * p->hidden_dim * p->dim, f) != static_cast<size_t>(p->n_layers * p->hidden_dim * p->dim)) return 1;
+    if (fread(w->w3, sizeof(float), p->n_layers * p->dim * p->hidden_dim, f) != static_cast<size_t>(p->n_layers * p->dim * p->hidden_dim)) return 1;
+    if (fread(w->rms_final_weight, sizeof(float), p->dim, f) != static_cast<size_t>(p->dim)) return 1;
+
+    // Skip freq_cis_real & freq_cis_imag
+    int head_size = p->dim / p->n_heads;
+    fseek(f, p->seq_len * head_size * sizeof(float), SEEK_CUR);
+
+    if (!shared_weights && fread(w->wcls, sizeof(float), p->vocab_size * p->dim, f) != static_cast<size_t>(p->vocab_size * p->dim)) return 1;
+
+    // Check we didn't forget to read anything
+    auto curr = ftell(f);
+    fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
+    auto end = ftell(f);
+    if (curr != end) {
+        printf("Error: failed to read the checkpoint file to the end (curr = %ld, end =  %ld)\n", curr, end);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void print_sample_weights(TransformerWeights *w){
+    printf("----- Quick print of first of the weight vales of all the variables\n");
+    printf("%f\n", w->token_embedding_table[0]);
+    printf("%f\n", w->rms_att_weight[0]);
+    printf("%f\n", w->rms_ffn_weight[0]);
+
+    printf("%f\n", w->wq[0]);
+    printf("%f\n", w->wk[0]);
+    printf("%f\n", w->wv[0]);
+    printf("%f\n", w->wo[0]);
+    printf("%f\n", w->w1[0]);
+    printf("%f\n", w->w2[0]);
+    printf("%f\n", w->w3[0]);
+    printf("%f\n", w->rms_att_weight[0]);
+    if (w->wcls) printf("%f\n", w->wcls[0]);
+}
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+//////////////////////////////////////// ggml structs and functions required to load models, configs and save the model.
+
+struct llama_vocab {
+    using id    = int32_t;
+    using token = std::string;
+    using ttype = llama_token_type;
+
+    struct token_data {
+        token text;
+        float score;
+        ttype type;
+    };
+
+    std::unordered_map<token, id> token_to_id;
+    std::vector<token_data> id_to_token;
+};
+
+struct my_llama_hparams {
+    uint32_t n_vocab = 32000;
+    uint32_t n_ctx   = 512;   // this is provided as user input?
+    uint32_t n_embd  = 4096;
+    uint32_t n_ff    = 11008;
+    uint32_t n_mult  = 4;
+    uint32_t n_head  = 32;
+    uint32_t n_layer = 32;
+    uint32_t n_rot   = 64;
+    bool operator!=(const my_llama_hparams& other) const {
+        return memcmp(this, &other, sizeof(my_llama_hparams));
+    }
+};
+
+struct my_llama_layer {
+    // normalization
+    struct ggml_tensor * attention_norm;
+
+    // attention
+    struct ggml_tensor * wq;
+    struct ggml_tensor * wk;
+    struct ggml_tensor * wv;
+    struct ggml_tensor * wo;
+
+    // normalization
+    struct ggml_tensor * ffn_norm;
+
+    // ff
+    struct ggml_tensor * w1;
+    struct ggml_tensor * w2;
+    struct ggml_tensor * w3;
+};
+
+struct my_llama_model {
+    struct ggml_context * ctx = NULL;
+
+    std::string name;
+
+    my_llama_hparams hparams;
+
+    struct ggml_tensor * tok_embeddings;
+
+    struct ggml_tensor * norm;
+    struct ggml_tensor * output;
+
+    std::vector<my_llama_layer> layers;
+
+    uint32_t train_its = 0;
+    uint32_t train_samples = 0;
+    uint32_t train_tokens = 0;
+};
+
+struct train_params {
+    const char * fn_vocab_model;
+    const char * fn_llama2c_model;
+    const char * fn_llama2c_output_model;
+    const char * fn_train_data;
+    const char * fn_checkpoint_in;
+    const char * fn_checkpoint_out;
+    const char * fn_model_out;
+
+    uint32_t seed;
+
+    int n_ctx;
+    int n_embd;
+    int n_mult;
+    int n_head;
+    int n_layer;
+    int n_rotmax;
+
+    int n_threads;
+    int n_batch;
+    int n_examples;
+    int n_predict;
+
+    int print_info_interval;
+    int print_details_interval;
+
+    bool samples_start_after_nl;
+    bool use_adam;
+    bool use_flash;
+    bool use_scratch;
+
+    // only adam
+    int   warmup;
+    int   cos_decay_steps;
+    float cos_decay_restart;
+    float cos_decay_alpha;
+
+    int   lbfgs_n_iter;
+    int   adam_n_iter;
+    float adam_alpha;
+    float adam_decay;
+
+    int mem_model_gb;
+    int mem_compute_gb;
+    int mem_compute0_gb;
+    int mem_compute1_gb;
+};
+
+void print_params(struct my_llama_hparams * params) {
+    printf("%s: n_vocab: %d\n", __func__, params->n_vocab);
+    printf("%s: n_ctx:   %d\n", __func__, params->n_ctx);
+    printf("%s: n_embd:  %d\n", __func__, params->n_embd);
+    printf("%s: n_mult:  %d\n", __func__, params->n_mult);
+    printf("%s: n_head:  %d\n", __func__, params->n_head);
+    printf("%s: n_ff:    %d\n", __func__, params->n_ff);
+    printf("%s: n_layer: %d\n", __func__, params->n_layer);
+    printf("%s: n_rot:   %d\n", __func__, params->n_rot);
+}
+
+void init_model(struct my_llama_model * model) {
+    const auto & hparams = model->hparams;
+
+    const uint32_t n_embd  = hparams.n_embd;
+    const uint32_t n_layer = hparams.n_layer;
+    const uint32_t n_vocab = hparams.n_vocab;
+
+    const uint32_t n_ff = hparams.n_ff;
+    struct ggml_context * ctx = model->ctx;
+
+    model->train_its = 0;
+    model->train_samples = 0;
+    model->train_tokens = 0;
+
+    model->tok_embeddings = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd, n_vocab);
+    printf("[%s:GG] Allocating [%d] x [%d] = [%d] float space for model->tok_embeddings\n",__func__,n_embd , n_vocab, n_embd * n_vocab);
+
+    model->norm           = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd);
+    printf("[%s:GG] Allocating [%d] float space for model->norm\n",__func__,n_embd);
+
+    model->output         = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd, n_vocab);
+    printf("[%s:GG] Allocating [%d] x[%d] = [%d] float space for model->output\n",__func__,n_embd, n_vocab, n_embd * n_vocab);
+
+    // printing the per-layer allocations here so we dont print in the for loop.
+    printf("[%s:GG] Allocating [%d] x[%d] = [%d] float space for layer.wq for [%d] layers\n",__func__, n_embd, n_embd, n_embd * n_embd, n_layer);
+    printf("[%s:GG] Allocating [%d] x[%d] = [%d] float space for layer.wk for [%d] layers\n",__func__, n_embd, n_embd, n_embd * n_embd, n_layer);
+    printf("[%s:GG] Allocating [%d] x[%d] = [%d] float space for layer.wv for [%d] layers\n",__func__, n_embd, n_embd, n_embd * n_embd, n_layer);
+    printf("[%s:GG] Allocating [%d] x[%d] = [%d] float space for layer.wo for [%d] layers\n",__func__, n_embd, n_embd, n_embd * n_embd, n_layer);
+
+    printf("[%s:GG] Allocating [%d] float space for layer.ffn_norm for [%d] layers\n",__func__,n_embd, n_layer);
+
+    printf("[%s:GG] Allocating [%d] x[%d] = [%d] float space for layer.w1 for [%d] layers\n",__func__, n_ff, n_embd, n_embd * n_ff, n_layer);
+    printf("[%s:GG] Allocating [%d] x[%d] = [%d] float space for layer.w2 for [%d] layers\n",__func__, n_embd, n_ff, n_ff * n_embd, n_layer);
+    printf("[%s:GG] Allocating [%d] x[%d] = [%d] float space for layer.w3 for [%d] layers\n",__func__, n_ff, n_embd, n_embd * n_ff, n_layer);
+
+    ggml_set_name(model->tok_embeddings, "tok_embeddings.weight");
+    ggml_set_name(model->norm,           "norm.weight");
+    ggml_set_name(model->output,         "output.weight");
+
+    model->layers.resize(n_layer);
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < n_layer; ++i) {
+        auto & layer = model->layers[i];
+
+        std::string layers_i = "layers." + std::to_string(i);
+
+        layer.attention_norm = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd);
+
+        layer.wq = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd, n_embd);
+        layer.wk = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd, n_embd);
+        layer.wv = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd, n_embd);
+        layer.wo = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd, n_embd);
+
+        layer.ffn_norm = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd);
+
+        layer.w1 = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd, n_ff);
+        layer.w2 = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_ff, n_embd);
+        layer.w3 = ggml_new_tensor_2d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_embd, n_ff);
+
+        ggml_set_name(layer.attention_norm, (layers_i + ".attention_norm.weight").c_str());
+
+        ggml_set_name(layer.wq, (layers_i + ".attention.wq.weight").c_str());
+        ggml_set_name(layer.wk, (layers_i + ".attention.wk.weight").c_str());
+        ggml_set_name(layer.wv, (layers_i + ".attention.wv.weight").c_str());
+        ggml_set_name(layer.wo, (layers_i + ".attention.wo.weight").c_str());
+
+        ggml_set_name(layer.ffn_norm, (layers_i + ".ffn_norm.weight").c_str());
+
+        ggml_format_name(layer.w1, "%s.feed_forward.w1.weight", layers_i.c_str());
+        ggml_format_name(layer.w2, "%s.feed_forward.w2.weight", layers_i.c_str());
+        ggml_format_name(layer.w3, "%s.feed_forward.w3.weight", layers_i.c_str());
+    }
+}
+
+float get_f32_2d(struct ggml_tensor * tensor, int64_t i0, int64_t i1) {
+    float * ptr = (float *) ((char *) tensor->data + i0*tensor->nb[0] + i1*tensor->nb[1]);
+    return *ptr;
+}
+
+int32_t get_i32_2d(struct ggml_tensor * tensor, int64_t i0, int64_t i1) {
+    int32_t * ptr = (int32_t *) ((char *) tensor->data + i0*tensor->nb[0] + i1*tensor->nb[1]);
+    return *ptr;
+}
+
+void print_row(struct ggml_tensor * probs, int i) {
+    for (int k = 0; k < probs->ne[0]; ++k) {
+        float p = get_f32_2d(probs, k, i);
+        printf(" %f", p);
+    }
+    printf("\n");
+}
+
+void print_matrix(struct ggml_tensor * probs) {
+    assert(probs->n_dims == 2);
+    for (int i = 0; i < probs->ne[1]; ++i) {
+        for (int k = 0; k < probs->ne[0]; ++k) {
+            float p = get_f32_2d(probs, k, i);
+            printf(" %.2f", p);
+        }
+        printf("\n");
+    }
+}
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#ifdef __MINGW32__
+__attribute__((format(gnu_printf, 1, 2)))
+#else
+__attribute__((format(printf, 1, 2)))
+#endif
+#endif
+static std::string format(const char * fmt, ...) {
+    va_list ap, ap2;
+    va_start(ap, fmt);
+    va_copy(ap2, ap);
+    int size = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, fmt, ap);
+    GGML_ASSERT(size >= 0 && size < INT_MAX);
+    std::vector<char> buf(size + 1);
+    int size2 = vsnprintf(buf.data(), size + 1, fmt, ap2);
+    GGML_ASSERT(size2 == size);
+    va_end(ap2);
+    va_end(ap);
+    return std::string(buf.data(), size);
+}
+
+struct llama_file {
+    // use FILE * so we don't have to re-open the file to mmap
+    FILE * fp;
+    size_t size;
+
+    llama_file(const char * fname, const char * mode) {
+        fp = std::fopen(fname, mode);
+        if (fp == NULL) {
+            size = 0;
+        } else {
+            seek(0, SEEK_END);
+            size = tell();
+            seek(0, SEEK_SET);
+        }
+    }
+
+    size_t tell() const {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+        __int64 ret = _ftelli64(fp);
+#else
+        long ret = std::ftell(fp);
+#endif
+        GGML_ASSERT(ret != -1); // this really shouldn't fail
+        return (size_t) ret;
+    }
+
+    void seek(size_t offset, int whence) {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+        int ret = _fseeki64(fp, (__int64) offset, whence);
+#else
+        int ret = std::fseek(fp, (long) offset, whence);
+#endif
+        GGML_ASSERT(ret == 0); // same
+    }
+
+    void read_raw(void * ptr, size_t size) {
+        if (size == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+        errno = 0;
+        std::size_t ret = std::fread(ptr, size, 1, fp);
+        if (ferror(fp)) {
+            throw std::runtime_error(format("read error: %s", strerror(errno)));
+        }
+        if (ret != 1) {
+            throw std::runtime_error(std::string("unexpectedly reached end of file"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::uint32_t read_u32() {
+        std::uint32_t ret;
+        read_raw(&ret, sizeof(ret));
+        return ret;
+    }
+    std::float_t read_f32() {
+        std::float_t ret;
+        read_raw(&ret, sizeof(ret));
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    std::string read_string(std::uint32_t len) {
+        std::vector<char> chars(len);
+        read_raw(chars.data(), len);
+        return std::string(chars.data(), len);
+    }
+
+    ~llama_file() {
+        if (fp) {
+            std::fclose(fp);
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+bool is_ggml_file(const char *filename) {
+    llama_file file(filename, "rb");
+    if (file.size < 4) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    uint32_t magic = file.read_u32();
+    return magic == GGUF_MAGIC;
+}
+
+static std::string llama_escape_whitespaces(const std::string& text) {
+    std::ostringstream out;
+    for (char c : text) {
+        if (c == ' ') out << "\xe2\x96\x81";
+        else out << c;
+    }
+    return out.str();
+}
+
+void load_vocab(const char *filename, Config *config, struct llama_vocab *vocab) {
+    if (is_ggml_file(filename)) {
+        struct ggml_context * ctx_data = NULL;
+
+        struct gguf_init_params params = {
+            /*.no_alloc = */ false,
+            /*.ctx      = */ &ctx_data,
+        };
+
+        struct gguf_context * ctx = gguf_init_from_file(filename, params);
+        GGML_ASSERT(ctx != NULL);
+
+        const int model_idx = gguf_find_key(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_MODEL);
+        GGML_ASSERT(model_idx >= 0);
+        std::string tokenizer_name = gguf_get_val_str(ctx, model_idx);
+        GGML_ASSERT(tokenizer_name == TOKENIZER_NAME);
+
+        const int token_idx = gguf_find_key(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_LIST);
+        GGML_ASSERT(token_idx >= 0);
+
+        const int score_idx = gguf_find_key(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_SCORES);
+        GGML_ASSERT(score_idx >= 0);
+        const float * scores = (const float * ) gguf_get_arr_data(ctx, score_idx);
+
+        const int toktype_idx = gguf_find_key(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_TOKEN_TYPE);
+        GGML_ASSERT(toktype_idx >= 0);
+        const int * toktypes = (const int * ) gguf_get_arr_data(ctx, toktype_idx);
+
+        const uint32_t n_vocab = gguf_get_arr_n(ctx, token_idx);
+
+        vocab->id_to_token.resize(n_vocab);
+
+        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < n_vocab; i++) {
+            std::string word = gguf_get_arr_str(ctx, token_idx, i);
+
+            vocab->token_to_id[word] = i;
+
+            auto & token_data = vocab->id_to_token[i];
+            token_data.text  = std::move(word);
+            token_data.score = scores[i];
+            token_data.type  = (llama_token_type) toktypes[i];
+        }
+        ggml_free(ctx_data);
+        gguf_free(ctx);
+    } else {
+        // assume llama2.c vocabulary
+        printf("Assuming llama2.c vocabulary since %s is not a gguf file\n", filename);
+        llama_file file(filename, "rb");
+        if (!file.fp) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "error: %s: %s\n", strerror(errno), filename);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+        const int  n_vocab = config->vocab_size;
+        /* uint32_t max_token_length =  */ file.read_u32(); // unused
+        vocab->id_to_token.resize(n_vocab);
+        for (llama_vocab::id id=0; id<n_vocab; ++id) {
+            float_t score = file.read_f32();
+            uint32_t len = file.read_u32();
+            std::string text = file.read_string(len);
+
+            unsigned char byte_val;
+            llama_vocab::ttype type = LLAMA_TOKEN_TYPE_NORMAL;
+            if (id == UNKNOWN_TOKEN_ID) {
+                text = "<unk>";
+                type = LLAMA_TOKEN_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
+            } else if (id == BOS_TOKEN_ID) {
+                text = "<s>";
+                type = LLAMA_TOKEN_TYPE_CONTROL;
+            } else if (id == EOS_TOKEN_ID) {
+                text = "</s>";
+                type = LLAMA_TOKEN_TYPE_CONTROL;
+            } else if (text.empty()) {
+                type = LLAMA_TOKEN_TYPE_CONTROL;
+            } else if (sscanf(text.c_str(), "<0x%02hhX>", &byte_val) == 1) {
+                // Text of byte tokens is already in the expected format.
+                type = LLAMA_TOKEN_TYPE_BYTE;
+            } else {
+                type = LLAMA_TOKEN_TYPE_NORMAL;
+            }
+            text = llama_escape_whitespaces(text);
+
+            vocab->id_to_token[id].text = text;
+            vocab->id_to_token[id].score = score;
+            vocab->id_to_token[id].type = type;
+            vocab->token_to_id.emplace(text, id);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void convert_weights_ak_to_gg(struct ggml_tensor * gg_weights, const float * karpathy_weights) {
+    int ct;
+    switch (gg_weights->n_dims){
+        case 1:
+            ct = 0;
+            for (int i0 = 0; i0 < gg_weights->ne[0]; i0++){
+                float * ptr = (float *) ((char *) gg_weights->data + i0*gg_weights->nb[0]);
+                *ptr = karpathy_weights[ct];
+                ct++;
+            }
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            ct = 0;
+            for (int i1 = 0; i1 < gg_weights->ne[1]; i1++) {
+                for (int i0 = 0; i0 < gg_weights->ne[0]; i0++) {
+                    float * ptr = (float *) ((char *) gg_weights->data + i0*gg_weights->nb[0] + i1*gg_weights->nb[1]);
+                    *ptr = karpathy_weights[ct];
+                    ct++;
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            ct = 0;
+            for (int i2 = 0; i2 < gg_weights->ne[2]; i2++) {
+                for (int i1 = 0; i1 < gg_weights->ne[1]; i1++) {
+                    for (int i0 = 0; i0 < gg_weights->ne[0]; i0++) {
+                        float * ptr = (float *) ((char *) gg_weights->data + i0*gg_weights->nb[0] + i1*gg_weights->nb[1] + i2*gg_weights->nb[2]);
+                        *ptr = karpathy_weights[ct];
+                        ct++;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+    }
+}
+
+void save_as_llama_model(struct llama_vocab * vocab, struct my_llama_model * model, TransformerWeights* w, const char * filename) {
+    // convert AK weights into GG weights one by one.
+    // w->token_embedding_table -> model->tok_embeddings
+    // float*                   -> struct ggml_tensor
+    convert_weights_ak_to_gg(model->tok_embeddings, w->token_embedding_table);
+    convert_weights_ak_to_gg(model->output, w->wcls ? w->wcls : w->token_embedding_table);
+
+    convert_weights_ak_to_gg(model->norm, w->rms_final_weight);
+    //print_row(model->norm, 0);
+
+    // for rms-att-weight
+    int row_length = model->hparams.n_embd;
+    int n_ff = model->hparams.n_ff;
+
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < model->hparams.n_layer; ++i){
+        auto & layer = model->layers[i];
+        // 1d
+        convert_weights_ak_to_gg(layer.attention_norm, &w->rms_att_weight[i*row_length]);
+        convert_weights_ak_to_gg(layer.ffn_norm      , &w->rms_ffn_weight[i*row_length]);
+
+        // from 3d matrix layer x dim x dim to 2d matrix dim x dim
+        convert_weights_ak_to_gg(layer.wq            , &w->wq[i*row_length*row_length]);
+        convert_weights_ak_to_gg(layer.wk            , &w->wk[i*row_length*row_length]);
+        convert_weights_ak_to_gg(layer.wv            , &w->wv[i*row_length*row_length]);
+        convert_weights_ak_to_gg(layer.wo            , &w->wo[i*row_length*row_length]);
+
+        convert_weights_ak_to_gg(layer.w1            , &w->w1[i*row_length*n_ff]);
+        convert_weights_ak_to_gg(layer.w2            , &w->w2[i*n_ff*row_length]);
+        convert_weights_ak_to_gg(layer.w3            , &w->w3[i*row_length*n_ff]);
+    }
+
+    struct gguf_context * ctx = gguf_init_empty();
+
+    std::vector<const char*> tokens;
+    std::vector<float> scores;
+    std::vector<llama_token_type> token_types;
+    for (const llama_vocab::token_data & token_data : vocab->id_to_token) {
+        tokens.push_back(token_data.text.c_str());
+        scores.push_back(token_data.score);
+        token_types.push_back(token_data.type);
+    }
+    gguf_set_arr_str(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_LIST, tokens.data(), tokens.size());
+    gguf_set_arr_data(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_SCORES, GGUF_TYPE_FLOAT32, scores.data(), scores.size());
+    gguf_set_arr_data(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_TOKEN_TYPE, GGUF_TYPE_INT32, token_types.data(), token_types.size());
+
+    gguf_set_val_str(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_MODEL, TOKENIZER_NAME);
+
+    gguf_set_val_str(ctx, KV_GENERAL_ARCHITECTURE, "llama");
+    gguf_set_val_str(ctx, KV_GENERAL_NAME, "llama");
+
+    // special tokens
+    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_UNK_ID, UNKNOWN_TOKEN_ID);
+    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_BOS_ID, BOS_TOKEN_ID);
+    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_EOS_ID, EOS_TOKEN_ID);
+    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_SEP_ID, -1);
+    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_PAD_ID, -1);
+
+    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_CONTEXT_LENGTH, model->hparams.n_ctx);
+    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_EMBEDDING_LENGTH, model->hparams.n_embd);
+    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_FEED_FORWARD_LENGTH, model->hparams.n_ff);
+    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_ATTENTION_HEAD_COUNT, model->hparams.n_head);
+    // n_head_kv is optional, default to n_head
+    // gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_ATTENTION_HEAD_COUNT_KV, ...);
+    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_BLOCK_COUNT, model->hparams.n_layer);
+    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_ROPE_DIMENSION_COUNT, model->hparams.n_rot);
+    gguf_set_val_f32(ctx, KV_ATTENTION_LAYERNORM_RMS_EPS, 1e-5f);
+
+    // write tensors
+    ggml_set_name(model->tok_embeddings, TN_TOKEN_EMBD);
+    gguf_add_tensor(ctx, model->tok_embeddings);
+
+    ggml_set_name(model->norm, TN_OUTPUT_NORM);
+    gguf_add_tensor(ctx, model->norm);
+
+    ggml_set_name(model->output, TN_OUTPUT);
+    gguf_add_tensor(ctx, model->output);
+
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < model->hparams.n_layer; ++i) {
+        auto & layer = model->layers[i];
+
+        ggml_format_name(layer.wq, TN_ATTN_Q, i);
+        gguf_add_tensor(ctx, layer.wq);
+
+        ggml_format_name(layer.wk, TN_ATTN_K, i);
+        gguf_add_tensor(ctx, layer.wk);
+
+        ggml_format_name(layer.wv, TN_ATTN_V, i);
+        gguf_add_tensor(ctx, layer.wv);
+
+        ggml_format_name(layer.wo, TN_ATTN_OUTPUT, i);
+        gguf_add_tensor(ctx, layer.wo);
+
+        ggml_format_name(layer.attention_norm, TN_ATTN_NORM, i);
+        gguf_add_tensor(ctx, layer.attention_norm);
+
+        ggml_format_name(layer.w1, TN_FFN_GATE, i);
+        gguf_add_tensor(ctx, layer.w1);
+
+        ggml_format_name(layer.w2, TN_FFN_DOWN, i);
+        gguf_add_tensor(ctx, layer.w2);
+
+        ggml_format_name(layer.w3, TN_FFN_UP, i);
+        gguf_add_tensor(ctx, layer.w3);
+
+        ggml_format_name(layer.ffn_norm, TN_FFN_NORM, i);
+        gguf_add_tensor(ctx, layer.ffn_norm);
+    }
+
+    gguf_write_to_file(ctx, filename, false);
+    gguf_free(ctx);
+}
+
+struct train_params get_default_train_params() {
+    struct train_params params;
+    params.fn_vocab_model    = "models/7B/ggml-model-f16.gguf";
+    params.fn_llama2c_output_model = "ak_llama_model.bin";
+    params.fn_train_data     = "shakespeare.txt";
+    params.fn_checkpoint_in  = "checkpoint.bin";
+    params.fn_checkpoint_out = "checkpoint.bin";
+    params.fn_model_out      = "ggml-checkpoint-f32.bin";
+
+    params.seed       =   -1;
+
+    params.n_ctx      =  128;
+    params.n_embd     =  256;
+    params.n_mult     =  256;
+    params.n_head     =    8;
+    params.n_layer    =   16;
+    params.n_rotmax   =   64;
+
+    params.n_threads  =    6;
+    params.n_batch    =    8;
+    params.n_examples =    8;
+    params.n_predict  = 1024;
+
+    params.print_info_interval    = 1;
+    params.print_details_interval = 2;
+
+    params.samples_start_after_nl = false;
+    params.use_adam               = true;
+    params.use_flash              = true;
+    params.use_scratch            = true;
+
+    // only adam
+    params.warmup            =  100;
+    params.cos_decay_steps   = 1000;
+    params.cos_decay_restart = 1.1f;
+    params.cos_decay_alpha   = 0.0f;
+
+    params.lbfgs_n_iter      = 16;
+    params.adam_n_iter       = 16;
+    params.adam_alpha        = 1e-3f;
+    params.adam_decay        = 1e-3f;
+
+    params.mem_model_gb   = 2;
+    params.mem_compute_gb = 24;
+    params.mem_compute0_gb = 8;
+    params.mem_compute1_gb = 2;
+
+    return params;
+}
+
+void print_usage(int /*argc*/, char ** argv, const struct train_params * params) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [options]\n", argv[0]);
+    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "options:\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "  -h, --help                       show this help message and exit\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "  --copy-vocab-from-model FNAME    path of gguf llama model or llama2.c vocabulary from which to copy vocab (default '%s')\n", params->fn_vocab_model);
+    fprintf(stderr, "  --llama2c-model FNAME            [REQUIRED] model path from which to load Karpathy's llama2.c model\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "  --llama2c-output-model FNAME     model path to save the converted llama2.c model (default %s')\n", params->fn_llama2c_output_model);
+    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+}
+
+bool params_parse(int argc, char ** argv, struct train_params * params) {
+    bool invalid_param = false;
+    bool reqd_param_found = false;
+    std::string arg;
+    struct train_params default_params = get_default_train_params();
+    const std::string arg_prefix = "--";
+
+    for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+        arg = argv[i];
+        if (arg.compare(0, arg_prefix.size(), arg_prefix) == 0) {
+            std::replace(arg.begin(), arg.end(), '_', '-');
+        }
+
+        if (arg == "--copy-vocab-from-model") {
+            if (++i >= argc) {
+                invalid_param = true;
+                break;
+            }
+            params->fn_vocab_model = argv[i];
+        } else if (arg == "--llama2c-model") {
+            if (++i >= argc) {
+                invalid_param = true;
+                break;
+            }
+            reqd_param_found = true;
+            params->fn_llama2c_model = argv[i];
+        } else if (arg == "--llama2c-output-model") {
+            if (++i >= argc) {
+                invalid_param = true;
+                break;
+            }
+            params->fn_llama2c_output_model = argv[i];
+        } else if (arg == "-h" || arg == "--help") {
+            print_usage(argc, argv, &default_params);
+            exit(0);
+        } else {
+            fprintf(stderr, "error: unknown argument: %s\n", arg.c_str());
+            print_usage(argc, argv, &default_params);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+    if (invalid_param) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "error: invalid parameter for argument: %s\n", arg.c_str());
+        print_usage(argc, argv, &default_params);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    if (!reqd_param_found){
+        fprintf(stderr, "error: please specify a llama2.c .bin file to be converted with argument --llama2c-model\n");
+        print_usage(argc, argv, &default_params);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+std::string basename(const std::string &path) {
+    size_t pos = path.find_last_of("/\\");
+    if (pos == std::string::npos) {
+        return path;
+    }
+    return path.substr(pos + 1);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
+    struct train_params params = get_default_train_params();
+    if (!params_parse(argc, argv, &params)) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+    Config config;
+    TransformerWeights weights = {};
+    {
+        FILE *file = fopen(params.fn_llama2c_model, "rb");
+        if (!file) { printf("Unable to open the checkpoint file %s!\n", params.fn_llama2c_model); return 1; }
+        // read in the config header
+        if(fread(&config, sizeof(Config), 1, file) != 1) { return 1; }
+        auto shared_weights = config.vocab_size > 0;
+        config.vocab_size = abs(config.vocab_size);
+
+        // read in the Transformer weights
+        malloc_weights(&weights, &config, shared_weights);
+        if(checkpoint_init_weights(&weights, &config, file, shared_weights)) { return 1; }
+        fclose(file);
+    }
+
+    struct llama_vocab vocab;
+    load_vocab(params.fn_vocab_model, &config, &vocab);
+
+    struct my_llama_model model;
+    model.hparams.n_vocab = config.vocab_size; //llama_n_vocab(lctx);
+    model.hparams.n_ctx   = params.n_ctx;
+    model.hparams.n_embd  = config.dim; //params.n_embd;
+    model.hparams.n_ff    = config.hidden_dim;
+    model.hparams.n_mult  = 32;//params.n_mult;
+    model.hparams.n_head  = config.n_heads; //params.n_head;
+    model.hparams.n_layer = config.n_layers; //params.n_layer;
+    model.hparams.n_rot   = std::min((uint32_t)params.n_rotmax, model.hparams.n_embd / model.hparams.n_head);
+    print_params(&model.hparams);
+    struct ggml_init_params lcparams;
+    lcparams.mem_size   = 1024ll*1024ll*1024ll*((size_t) params.mem_model_gb);
+    lcparams.mem_buffer = NULL;
+    lcparams.no_alloc   = false;
+
+    model.ctx = ggml_init(lcparams);
+
+    init_model(&model);
+    model.name = basename(params.fn_llama2c_model);
+    save_as_llama_model(&vocab, &model, &weights, params.fn_llama2c_output_model);
+
+    printf("Saving llama.c model file %s in ggml format at %s\n", params.fn_llama2c_model, params.fn_llama2c_output_model);
+
+    ggml_free(model.ctx);
+    return 0;
+}

examples/embd-input/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+PandaGPT
+MiniGPT-4
+*.pth
+

examples/embd-input/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+set(TARGET embdinput)
+add_library(${TARGET} embd-input-lib.cpp embd-input.h)
+install(TARGETS ${TARGET} LIBRARY)
+target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
+target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_11)
+if(TARGET BUILD_INFO)
+  add_dependencies(${TARGET} BUILD_INFO)
+endif()
+
+set(TARGET embd-input-test)
+add_executable(${TARGET} embd-input-test.cpp)
+install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
+target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE common llama embdinput ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
+target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_11)
+if(TARGET BUILD_INFO)
+  add_dependencies(${TARGET} BUILD_INFO)
+endif()

examples/embd-input/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+### Examples for input embedding directly
+
+## Requirement
+build  `libembdinput.so`
+run the following comman in main dir (../../).
+```
+make
+```
+
+## [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA/) example  (llava.py)
+
+1. Obtian LLaVA model (following https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA/ , use https://huggingface.co/liuhaotian/LLaVA-13b-delta-v1-1/).
+2. Convert it to ggml format.
+3. `llava_projection.pth` is [pytorch_model-00003-of-00003.bin](https://huggingface.co/liuhaotian/LLaVA-13b-delta-v1-1/blob/main/pytorch_model-00003-of-00003.bin).
+
+```
+import torch
+
+bin_path = "../LLaVA-13b-delta-v1-1/pytorch_model-00003-of-00003.bin"
+pth_path = "./examples/embd-input/llava_projection.pth"
+
+dic = torch.load(bin_path)
+used_key = ["model.mm_projector.weight","model.mm_projector.bias"]
+torch.save({k: dic[k] for k in used_key}, pth_path)
+```
+4. Check the path of LLaVA model and `llava_projection.pth` in `llava.py`.
+
+
+## [PandaGPT](https://github.com/yxuansu/PandaGPT) example (panda_gpt.py)
+
+1. Obtian PandaGPT lora model from https://github.com/yxuansu/PandaGPT. Rename the file to `adapter_model.bin`. Use [convert-lora-to-ggml.py](../../convert-lora-to-ggml.py) to convert it to ggml format.
+The `adapter_config.json` is
+```
+{
+  "peft_type": "LORA",
+  "fan_in_fan_out": false,
+  "bias": null,
+  "modules_to_save": null,
+  "r": 32,
+  "lora_alpha": 32,
+  "lora_dropout": 0.1,
+  "target_modules": ["q_proj", "k_proj", "v_proj", "o_proj"]
+}
+```
+2. Papare the `vicuna` v0 model.
+3. Obtain the [ImageBind](https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/imagebind/imagebind_huge.pth) model.
+4. Clone the PandaGPT source.
+```
+git clone https://github.com/yxuansu/PandaGPT
+```
+5. Install the requirement of PandaGPT.
+6. Check the path of PandaGPT source, ImageBind model, lora model and vicuna model in panda_gpt.py.
+
+## [MiniGPT-4](https://github.com/Vision-CAIR/MiniGPT-4/) example (minigpt4.py)
+
+1. Obtain MiniGPT-4 model from https://github.com/Vision-CAIR/MiniGPT-4/ and put it in `embd-input`.
+2. Clone the MiniGPT-4 source.
+```
+git clone https://github.com/Vision-CAIR/MiniGPT-4/
+```
+3. Install the requirement of PandaGPT.
+4. Papare the `vicuna` v0 model.
+5. Check the path of MiniGPT-4 source, MiniGPT-4 model and vicuna model in `minigpt4.py`.

examples/embd-input/embd-input-lib.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+// Defines sigaction on msys:
+#ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+#endif
+
+#include "embd-input.h"
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cinttypes>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <ctime>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+static llama_context ** g_ctx;
+
+extern "C" {
+
+struct MyModel* create_mymodel(int argc, char ** argv) {
+    gpt_params params;
+
+    if (gpt_params_parse(argc, argv, params) == false) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s: build = %d (%s)\n", __func__, BUILD_NUMBER, BUILD_COMMIT);
+
+    if (params.seed == LLAMA_DEFAULT_SEED) {
+        params.seed = uint32_t(time(NULL));
+    }
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s: seed  = %d\n", __func__, params.seed);
+
+    llama_backend_init(params.numa);
+
+    llama_model * model;
+    llama_context * ctx;
+
+    g_ctx = &ctx;
+
+    // load the model and apply lora adapter, if any
+    std::tie(model, ctx) = llama_init_from_gpt_params(params);
+    if (model == NULL) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: unable to load model\n", __func__);
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // print system information
+    {
+        fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+        fprintf(stderr, "system_info: n_threads = %d / %d | %s\n",
+                params.n_threads, std::thread::hardware_concurrency(), llama_print_system_info());
+    }
+    struct MyModel * ret = new MyModel();
+    ret->ctx = ctx;
+    ret->params = params;
+    ret->n_past = 0;
+    // printf("ctx: %d\n", ret->ctx);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+void free_mymodel(struct MyModel * mymodel) {
+    llama_context * ctx = mymodel->ctx;
+    llama_print_timings(ctx);
+    llama_free(ctx);
+    delete mymodel;
+}
+
+
+bool eval_float(void * model, float * input, int N){
+    MyModel * mymodel = (MyModel*)model;
+    llama_context * ctx = mymodel->ctx;
+    gpt_params params = mymodel->params;
+    int n_emb = llama_n_embd(ctx);
+    int n_past = mymodel->n_past;
+    int n_batch = N; // params.n_batch;
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < (int) N; i += n_batch) {
+        int n_eval = (int) N - i;
+        if (n_eval > n_batch) {
+            n_eval = n_batch;
+        }
+        if (llama_eval_embd(ctx, (input+i*n_emb), n_eval, n_past, params.n_threads)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "%s : failed to eval\n", __func__);
+            return false;
+        }
+        n_past += n_eval;
+    }
+    mymodel->n_past = n_past;
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool eval_tokens(void * model, std::vector<llama_token> tokens) {
+    MyModel * mymodel = (MyModel* )model;
+    llama_context * ctx;
+    ctx = mymodel->ctx;
+    gpt_params params = mymodel->params;
+    int n_past = mymodel->n_past;
+    for (int i = 0; i < (int) tokens.size(); i += params.n_batch) {
+        int n_eval = (int) tokens.size() - i;
+        if (n_eval > params.n_batch) {
+            n_eval = params.n_batch;
+        }
+        if (llama_eval(ctx, &tokens[i], n_eval, n_past, params.n_threads)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "%s : failed to eval\n", __func__);
+            return false;
+        }
+        n_past += n_eval;
+    }
+    mymodel->n_past = n_past;
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool eval_id(struct MyModel* mymodel, int id) {
+    std::vector<llama_token> tokens;
+    tokens.push_back(id);
+    return eval_tokens(mymodel, tokens);
+}
+
+bool eval_string(struct MyModel * mymodel,const char* str){
+    llama_context * ctx = mymodel->ctx;
+    std::string str2 = str;
+    std::vector<llama_token> embd_inp = ::llama_tokenize(ctx, str2, true);
+    eval_tokens(mymodel, embd_inp);
+    return true;
+}
+
+llama_token sampling_id(struct MyModel* mymodel) {
+    llama_context* ctx = mymodel->ctx;
+    gpt_params params = mymodel->params;
+    // int n_ctx = llama_n_ctx(ctx);
+
+    // out of user input, sample next token
+    const float   temp            = params.temp;
+    const int32_t top_k           = params.top_k <= 0 ? llama_n_vocab(ctx) : params.top_k;
+    const float   top_p           = params.top_p;
+    const float   tfs_z           = params.tfs_z;
+    const float   typical_p       = params.typical_p;
+    // const int32_t repeat_last_n   = params.repeat_last_n < 0 ? n_ctx : params.repeat_last_n;
+    // const float   repeat_penalty  = params.repeat_penalty;
+    // const float   alpha_presence  = params.presence_penalty;
+    // const float   alpha_frequency = params.frequency_penalty;
+    const int     mirostat        = params.mirostat;
+    const float   mirostat_tau    = params.mirostat_tau;
+    const float   mirostat_eta    = params.mirostat_eta;
+    // const bool    penalize_nl     = params.penalize_nl;
+
+    llama_token id = 0;
+    {
+        auto logits  = llama_get_logits(ctx);
+        auto n_vocab = llama_n_vocab(ctx);
+
+        // Apply params.logit_bias map
+        for (auto it = params.logit_bias.begin(); it != params.logit_bias.end(); it++) {
+            logits[it->first] += it->second;
+        }
+
+        std::vector<llama_token_data> candidates;
+        candidates.reserve(n_vocab);
+        for (llama_token token_id = 0; token_id < n_vocab; token_id++) {
+            candidates.emplace_back(llama_token_data{token_id, logits[token_id], 0.0f});
+        }
+
+        llama_token_data_array candidates_p = { candidates.data(), candidates.size(), false };
+
+        // TODO: Apply penalties
+        // float nl_logit = logits[llama_token_nl(ctx)];
+        // auto last_n_repeat = std::min(std::min((int)last_n_tokens.size(), repeat_last_n), n_ctx);
+        // llama_sample_repetition_penalty(ctx, &candidates_p,
+        //      last_n_tokens.data() + last_n_tokens.size() - last_n_repeat,
+        //      last_n_repeat, repeat_penalty);
+        // llama_sample_frequency_and_presence_penalties(ctx, &candidates_p,
+        // last_n_tokens.data() + last_n_tokens.size() - last_n_repeat,
+        // last_n_repeat, alpha_frequency, alpha_presence);
+        // if (!penalize_nl) {
+        //     logits[llama_token_nl(ctx)] = nl_logit;
+        // }
+
+        if (temp <= 0) {
+            // Greedy sampling
+            id = llama_sample_token_greedy(ctx, &candidates_p);
+        } else {
+            if (mirostat == 1) {
+                static float mirostat_mu = 2.0f * mirostat_tau;
+                const int mirostat_m = 100;
+                llama_sample_temperature(ctx, &candidates_p, temp);
+                id = llama_sample_token_mirostat(ctx, &candidates_p, mirostat_tau, mirostat_eta, mirostat_m, &mirostat_mu);
+            } else if (mirostat == 2) {
+                static float mirostat_mu = 2.0f * mirostat_tau;
+                llama_sample_temperature(ctx, &candidates_p, temp);
+                id = llama_sample_token_mirostat_v2(ctx, &candidates_p, mirostat_tau, mirostat_eta, &mirostat_mu);
+            } else {
+                // Temperature sampling
+                llama_sample_top_k(ctx, &candidates_p, top_k, 1);
+                llama_sample_tail_free(ctx, &candidates_p, tfs_z, 1);
+                llama_sample_typical(ctx, &candidates_p, typical_p, 1);
+                llama_sample_top_p(ctx, &candidates_p, top_p, 1);
+                llama_sample_temperature(ctx, &candidates_p, temp);
+                id = llama_sample_token(ctx, &candidates_p);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return id;
+}
+
+const char * sampling(struct MyModel * mymodel) {
+    llama_context * ctx = mymodel->ctx;
+    int id = sampling_id(mymodel);
+    static std::string ret;
+    if (id == llama_token_eos(ctx)) {
+        ret = "</s>";
+    } else {
+        ret = llama_token_to_piece(ctx, id);
+    }
+    eval_id(mymodel, id);
+    return ret.c_str();
+}
+
+}

examples/embd-input/embd-input-test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#include "embd-input.h"
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <random>
+#include <string.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+
+    auto mymodel = create_mymodel(argc, argv);
+    int N = 10;
+    int max_tgt_len = 500;
+    int n_embd = llama_n_embd(mymodel->ctx);
+
+    // add random float embd to test evaluation
+    float * data = new float[N*n_embd];
+    std::default_random_engine e;
+    std::uniform_real_distribution<float>  u(0,1);
+    for (int i=0;i<N*n_embd;i++) {
+        data[i] = u(e);
+    }
+
+    eval_string(mymodel, "user: what is the color of the flag of UN?");
+    eval_float(mymodel, data, N);
+    eval_string(mymodel, "assistant:");
+    eval_string(mymodel, mymodel->params.prompt.c_str());
+    const char* tmp;
+    for (int i=0; i<max_tgt_len; i++) {
+        tmp = sampling(mymodel);
+        if (strcmp(tmp, "</s>")==0) break;
+        printf("%s", tmp);
+        fflush(stdout);
+    }
+    printf("\n");
+    free_mymodel(mymodel);
+    return 0;
+}

examples/embd-input/embd-input.h

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#ifndef _EMBD_INPUT_H_
+#define _EMBD_INPUT_H_ 1
+
+#include "common.h"
+#include "llama.h"
+#include "build-info.h"
+
+extern "C" {
+
+typedef struct MyModel {
+    llama_context* ctx;
+    gpt_params params;
+    int n_past = 0;
+} MyModel;
+
+struct MyModel* create_mymodel(int argc, char ** argv);
+
+bool eval_float(void* model, float* input, int N);
+bool eval_tokens(void* model, std::vector<llama_token> tokens);
+bool eval_id(struct MyModel* mymodel, int id);
+bool eval_string(struct MyModel* mymodel, const char* str);
+const char * sampling(struct MyModel* mymodel);
+llama_token sampling_id(struct MyModel* mymodel);
+void free_mymodel(struct MyModel* mymodel);
+
+}
+
+#endif

examples/embd-input/embd_input.py

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import ctypes
+from ctypes import cdll, c_char_p, c_void_p, POINTER, c_float, c_int
+import numpy as np
+import os
+
+libc = cdll.LoadLibrary("./libembdinput.so")
+libc.sampling.restype=c_char_p
+libc.create_mymodel.restype=c_void_p
+libc.eval_string.argtypes=[c_void_p, c_char_p]
+libc.sampling.argtypes=[c_void_p]
+libc.eval_float.argtypes=[c_void_p, POINTER(c_float), c_int]
+
+
+class MyModel:
+    def __init__(self, args):
+        argc = len(args)
+        c_str = [c_char_p(i.encode()) for i in args]
+        args_c = (c_char_p * argc)(*c_str)
+        self.model = c_void_p(libc.create_mymodel(argc, args_c))
+        self.max_tgt_len = 512
+        self.print_string_eval = True
+
+    def __del__(self):
+        libc.free_mymodel(self.model)
+
+    def eval_float(self, x):
+        libc.eval_float(self.model, x.astype(np.float32).ctypes.data_as(POINTER(c_float)), x.shape[1])
+
+    def eval_string(self, x):
+        libc.eval_string(self.model, x.encode()) # c_char_p(x.encode()))
+        if self.print_string_eval:
+            print(x)
+
+    def eval_token(self, x):
+        libc.eval_id(self.model, x)
+
+    def sampling(self):
+        s = libc.sampling(self.model)
+        return s
+
+    def stream_generate(self, end="</s>"):
+        ret = b""
+        end = end.encode()
+        for _ in range(self.max_tgt_len):
+            tmp = self.sampling()
+            ret += tmp
+            yield tmp
+            if ret.endswith(end):
+                break
+
+    def generate_with_print(self, end="</s>"):
+        ret = b""
+        for i in self.stream_generate(end=end):
+            ret += i
+            print(i.decode(errors="replace"), end="", flush=True)
+        print("")
+        return ret.decode(errors="replace")
+
+
+    def generate(self, end="</s>"):
+        text = b"".join(self.stream_generate(end=end))
+        return text.decode(errors="replace")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    model = MyModel(["main", "--model", "../llama.cpp/models/ggml-vic13b-q4_1.bin", "-c", "2048"])
+    model.eval_string("""user: what is the color of the flag of UN?""")
+    x = np.random.random((5120,10))# , dtype=np.float32)
+    model.eval_float(x)
+    model.eval_string("""assistant:""")
+    for i in model.generate():
+        print(i.decode(errors="replace"), end="", flush=True)

examples/embd-input/llava.py

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import sys
+import os
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(__file__))
+from embd_input import MyModel
+import numpy as np
+from torch import nn
+import torch
+from transformers import CLIPVisionModel,  CLIPImageProcessor
+from PIL import Image
+
+# model parameters from 'liuhaotian/LLaVA-13b-delta-v1-1'
+vision_tower = "openai/clip-vit-large-patch14"
+select_hidden_state_layer = -2
+# (vision_config.image_size // vision_config.patch_size) ** 2
+image_token_len = (224//14)**2
+
+class Llava:
+    def __init__(self, args):
+        self.image_processor = CLIPImageProcessor.from_pretrained(vision_tower)
+        self.vision_tower = CLIPVisionModel.from_pretrained(vision_tower)
+        self.mm_projector = nn.Linear(1024, 5120)
+        self.model = MyModel(["main", *args])
+
+    def load_projection(self, path):
+        state = torch.load(path)
+        self.mm_projector.load_state_dict({
+            "weight": state["model.mm_projector.weight"],
+            "bias": state["model.mm_projector.bias"]})
+
+    def chat(self, question):
+        self.model.eval_string("user: ")
+        self.model.eval_string(question)
+        self.model.eval_string("\nassistant: ")
+        return self.model.generate_with_print()
+
+    def chat_with_image(self, image, question):
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            embd_image = self.image_processor.preprocess(image, return_tensors='pt')['pixel_values'][0]
+            image_forward_out = self.vision_tower(embd_image.unsqueeze(0), output_hidden_states=True)
+            select_hidden_state = image_forward_out.hidden_states[select_hidden_state_layer]
+            image_feature = select_hidden_state[:, 1:]
+            embd_image = self.mm_projector(image_feature)
+            embd_image = embd_image.cpu().numpy()[0]
+        self.model.eval_string("user: ")
+        self.model.eval_token(32003-2) # im_start
+        self.model.eval_float(embd_image.T)
+        for i in range(image_token_len-embd_image.shape[0]):
+            self.model.eval_token(32003-3) # im_patch
+        self.model.eval_token(32003-1) # im_end
+        self.model.eval_string(question)
+        self.model.eval_string("\nassistant: ")
+        return self.model.generate_with_print()
+
+
+if __name__=="__main__":
+    # model form liuhaotian/LLaVA-13b-delta-v1-1
+    a = Llava(["--model", "./models/ggml-llava-13b-v1.1.bin", "-c", "2048"])
+    # Extract from https://huggingface.co/liuhaotian/LLaVA-13b-delta-v1-1/blob/main/pytorch_model-00003-of-00003.bin.
+    # Also here can use pytorch_model-00003-of-00003.bin directly.
+    a.load_projection(os.path.join(
+        os.path.dirname(__file__) ,
+        "llava_projection.pth"))
+    respose = a.chat_with_image(
+        Image.open("./media/llama1-logo.png").convert('RGB'),
+        "what is the text in the picture?")
+    respose
+    a.chat("what is the color of it?")
+
+
+

examples/embd-input/minigpt4.py

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import sys
+import os
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(__file__))
+from embd_input import MyModel
+import numpy as np
+from torch import nn
+import torch
+from PIL import Image
+
+minigpt4_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "MiniGPT-4")
+sys.path.insert(0, minigpt4_path)
+from minigpt4.models.blip2 import Blip2Base
+from minigpt4.processors.blip_processors import Blip2ImageEvalProcessor
+
+
+class MiniGPT4(Blip2Base):
+    """
+    MiniGPT4 model from https://github.com/Vision-CAIR/MiniGPT-4
+    """
+    def __init__(self,
+        args,
+        vit_model="eva_clip_g",
+        q_former_model="https://storage.googleapis.com/sfr-vision-language-research/LAVIS/models/BLIP2/blip2_pretrained_flant5xxl.pth",
+        img_size=224,
+        drop_path_rate=0,
+        use_grad_checkpoint=False,
+        vit_precision="fp32",
+        freeze_vit=True,
+        freeze_qformer=True,
+        num_query_token=32,
+        llama_model="",
+        prompt_path="",
+        prompt_template="",
+        max_txt_len=32,
+        end_sym='\n',
+        low_resource=False,  # use 8 bit and put vit in cpu
+        device_8bit=0
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.img_size = img_size
+        self.low_resource = low_resource
+        self.preprocessor = Blip2ImageEvalProcessor(img_size)
+
+        print('Loading VIT')
+        self.visual_encoder, self.ln_vision = self.init_vision_encoder(
+            vit_model, img_size, drop_path_rate, use_grad_checkpoint, vit_precision
+        )
+        print('Loading VIT Done')
+        print('Loading Q-Former')
+        self.Qformer, self.query_tokens = self.init_Qformer(
+            num_query_token, self.visual_encoder.num_features
+        )
+        self.Qformer.cls = None
+        self.Qformer.bert.embeddings.word_embeddings = None
+        self.Qformer.bert.embeddings.position_embeddings = None
+        for layer in self.Qformer.bert.encoder.layer:
+            layer.output = None
+            layer.intermediate = None
+        self.load_from_pretrained(url_or_filename=q_former_model)
+        print('Loading Q-Former Done')
+        self.llama_proj = nn.Linear(
+            self.Qformer.config.hidden_size, 5120 # self.llama_model.config.hidden_size
+        )
+        self.max_txt_len = max_txt_len
+        self.end_sym = end_sym
+        self.model = MyModel(["main", *args])
+        # system prompt
+        self.model.eval_string("Give the following image: <Img>ImageContent</Img>. "
+           "You will be able to see the image once I provide it to you. Please answer my questions."
+           "###")
+
+    def encode_img(self, image):
+        image = self.preprocessor(image)
+        image = image.unsqueeze(0)
+        device = image.device
+        if self.low_resource:
+            self.vit_to_cpu()
+            image = image.to("cpu")
+
+        with self.maybe_autocast():
+            image_embeds = self.ln_vision(self.visual_encoder(image)).to(device)
+            image_atts = torch.ones(image_embeds.size()[:-1], dtype=torch.long).to(device)
+
+            query_tokens = self.query_tokens.expand(image_embeds.shape[0], -1, -1)
+            query_output = self.Qformer.bert(
+                query_embeds=query_tokens,
+                encoder_hidden_states=image_embeds,
+                encoder_attention_mask=image_atts,
+                return_dict=True,
+            )
+
+            inputs_llama = self.llama_proj(query_output.last_hidden_state)
+            # atts_llama = torch.ones(inputs_llama.size()[:-1], dtype=torch.long).to(image.device)
+        return inputs_llama
+
+    def load_projection(self, path):
+        state = torch.load(path)["model"]
+        self.llama_proj.load_state_dict({
+            "weight": state["llama_proj.weight"],
+            "bias": state["llama_proj.bias"]})
+
+    def chat(self, question):
+        self.model.eval_string("Human: ")
+        self.model.eval_string(question)
+        self.model.eval_string("\n### Assistant:")
+        return self.model.generate_with_print(end="###")
+
+    def chat_with_image(self, image, question):
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            embd_image = self.encode_img(image)
+        embd_image = embd_image.cpu().numpy()[0]
+        self.model.eval_string("Human: <Img>")
+        self.model.eval_float(embd_image.T)
+        self.model.eval_string("</Img> ")
+        self.model.eval_string(question)
+        self.model.eval_string("\n### Assistant:")
+        return self.model.generate_with_print(end="###")
+
+
+if __name__=="__main__":
+    a = MiniGPT4(["--model", "./models/ggml-vicuna-13b-v0-q4_1.bin", "-c", "2048"])
+    a.load_projection(os.path.join(
+        os.path.dirname(__file__) ,
+        "pretrained_minigpt4.pth"))
+    respose = a.chat_with_image(
+        Image.open("./media/llama1-logo.png").convert('RGB'),
+        "what is the text in the picture?")
+    a.chat("what is the color of it?")

examples/embd-input/panda_gpt.py

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import sys
+import os
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(__file__))
+from embd_input import MyModel
+import numpy as np
+from torch import nn
+import torch
+
+# use PandaGPT path
+panda_gpt_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "PandaGPT")
+imagebind_ckpt_path = "./models/panda_gpt/"
+
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(panda_gpt_path,"code","model"))
+from ImageBind.models import imagebind_model
+from ImageBind import data
+
+ModalityType = imagebind_model.ModalityType
+max_tgt_len = 400
+
+class PandaGPT:
+    def __init__(self, args):
+        self.visual_encoder,_ = imagebind_model.imagebind_huge(pretrained=True, store_path=imagebind_ckpt_path)
+        self.visual_encoder.eval()
+        self.llama_proj = nn.Linear(1024, 5120) # self.visual_hidden_size, 5120)
+        self.max_tgt_len = max_tgt_len
+        self.model = MyModel(["main", *args])
+        self.generated_text = ""
+        self.device = "cpu"
+
+    def load_projection(self, path):
+        state = torch.load(path, map_location="cpu")
+        self.llama_proj.load_state_dict({
+            "weight": state["llama_proj.weight"],
+            "bias": state["llama_proj.bias"]})
+
+    def eval_inputs(self, inputs):
+        self.model.eval_string("<Img>")
+        embds = self.extract_multimoal_feature(inputs)
+        for i in embds:
+            self.model.eval_float(i.T)
+        self.model.eval_string("</Img> ")
+
+    def chat(self, question):
+        return self.chat_with_image(None, question)
+
+    def chat_with_image(self, inputs, question):
+        if self.generated_text == "":
+            self.model.eval_string("###")
+        self.model.eval_string(" Human: ")
+        if inputs:
+            self.eval_inputs(inputs)
+        self.model.eval_string(question)
+        self.model.eval_string("\n### Assistant:")
+        ret = self.model.generate_with_print(end="###")
+        self.generated_text += ret
+        return ret
+
+    def extract_multimoal_feature(self, inputs):
+        features = []
+        for key in ["image", "audio", "video", "thermal"]:
+            if key + "_paths" in inputs:
+                embeds = self.encode_data(key, inputs[key+"_paths"])
+                features.append(embeds)
+        return features
+
+    def encode_data(self, data_type, data_paths):
+
+        type_map = {
+            "image": ModalityType.VISION,
+            "audio": ModalityType.AUDIO,
+            "video": ModalityType.VISION,
+            "thermal": ModalityType.THERMAL,
+        }
+        load_map = {
+            "image": data.load_and_transform_vision_data,
+            "audio": data.load_and_transform_audio_data,
+            "video": data.load_and_transform_video_data,
+            "thermal": data.load_and_transform_thermal_data
+        }
+
+        load_function = load_map[data_type]
+        key = type_map[data_type]
+
+        inputs = {key: load_function(data_paths, self.device)}
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            embeddings = self.visual_encoder(inputs)
+            embeds = embeddings[key]
+            embeds = self.llama_proj(embeds).cpu().numpy()
+        return embeds
+
+
+if __name__=="__main__":
+    a = PandaGPT(["--model", "./models/ggml-vicuna-13b-v0-q4_1.bin", "-c", "2048", "--lora", "./models/panda_gpt/ggml-adapter-model.bin","--temp", "0"])
+    a.load_projection("./models/panda_gpt/adapter_model.bin")
+    a.chat_with_image(
+        {"image_paths": ["./media/llama1-logo.png"]},
+        "what is the text in the picture? 'llama' or 'lambda'?")
+    a.chat("what is the color of it?")

examples/embedding/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+set(TARGET embedding)
+add_executable(${TARGET} embedding.cpp)
+install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
+target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
+target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_11)
+if(TARGET BUILD_INFO)
+  add_dependencies(${TARGET} BUILD_INFO)
+endif()

examples/embedding/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# embedding
+
+TODO

examples/embedding/embedding.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+#include "common.h"
+#include "llama.h"
+#include "build-info.h"
+
+#include <ctime>
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+#pragma warning(disable: 4244 4267) // possible loss of data
+#endif
+
+int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
+    gpt_params params;
+
+    if (gpt_params_parse(argc, argv, params) == false) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    params.embedding = true;
+
+    if (params.n_ctx > 2048) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "%s: warning: model might not support context sizes greater than 2048 tokens (%d specified);"
+                "expect poor results\n", __func__, params.n_ctx);
+    }
+
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s: build = %d (%s)\n", __func__, BUILD_NUMBER, BUILD_COMMIT);
+
+    if (params.seed == LLAMA_DEFAULT_SEED) {
+        params.seed = time(NULL);
+    }
+
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s: seed  = %u\n", __func__, params.seed);
+
+    std::mt19937 rng(params.seed);
+    if (params.random_prompt) {
+        params.prompt = gpt_random_prompt(rng);
+    }
+
+    llama_backend_init(params.numa);
+
+    llama_model * model;
+    llama_context * ctx;
+
+    // load the model
+    std::tie(model, ctx) = llama_init_from_gpt_params(params);
+    if (model == NULL) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: unable to load model\n", __func__);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    // print system information
+    {
+        fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+        fprintf(stderr, "system_info: n_threads = %d / %d | %s\n",
+                params.n_threads, std::thread::hardware_concurrency(), llama_print_system_info());
+    }
+
+    int n_past = 0;
+
+    // tokenize the prompt
+    auto embd_inp = ::llama_tokenize(ctx, params.prompt, true);
+
+    if (params.verbose_prompt) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+        fprintf(stderr, "%s: prompt: '%s'\n", __func__, params.prompt.c_str());
+        fprintf(stderr, "%s: number of tokens in prompt = %zu\n", __func__, embd_inp.size());
+        for (int i = 0; i < (int) embd_inp.size(); i++) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "%6d -> '%s'\n", embd_inp[i], llama_token_to_piece(ctx, embd_inp[i]).c_str());
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+    }
+
+    if (embd_inp.size() > (size_t)params.n_ctx) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: prompt is longer than the context window (%zu tokens, n_ctx = %d)\n",
+                __func__, embd_inp.size(), params.n_ctx);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    while (!embd_inp.empty()) {
+        int n_tokens = std::min(params.n_batch, (int) embd_inp.size());
+        if (llama_eval(ctx, embd_inp.data(), n_tokens, n_past, params.n_threads)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "%s : failed to eval\n", __func__);
+            return 1;
+        }
+        n_past += n_tokens;
+        embd_inp.erase(embd_inp.begin(), embd_inp.begin() + n_tokens);
+    }
+
+    const int n_embd = llama_n_embd(ctx);
+    const auto embeddings = llama_get_embeddings(ctx);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < n_embd; i++) {
+        printf("%f ", embeddings[i]);
+    }
+    printf("\n");
+
+    llama_print_timings(ctx);
+    llama_free(ctx);
+    llama_free_model(model);
+
+    llama_backend_free();
+
+    return 0;
+}

examples/gguf/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+set(TARGET gguf)
+add_executable(${TARGET} gguf.cpp)
+install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
+target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
+target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_11)

examples/gguf/gguf.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+#include "ggml.h"
+#include "llama.h"
+
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cinttypes>
+#include <string>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <vector>
+
+#undef MIN
+#undef MAX
+#define MIN(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
+#define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
+
+template<typename T>
+static std::string to_string(const T & val) {
+    std::stringstream ss;
+    ss << val;
+    return ss.str();
+}
+
+bool gguf_ex_write(const std::string & fname) {
+    struct gguf_context * ctx = gguf_init_empty();
+
+    gguf_set_val_u8  (ctx, "some.parameter.uint8",    0x12);
+    gguf_set_val_i8  (ctx, "some.parameter.int8",    -0x13);
+    gguf_set_val_u16 (ctx, "some.parameter.uint16",   0x1234);
+    gguf_set_val_i16 (ctx, "some.parameter.int16",   -0x1235);
+    gguf_set_val_u32 (ctx, "some.parameter.uint32",   0x12345678);
+    gguf_set_val_i32 (ctx, "some.parameter.int32",   -0x12345679);
+    gguf_set_val_f32 (ctx, "some.parameter.float32",  0.123456789f);
+    gguf_set_val_u64 (ctx, "some.parameter.uint64",   0x123456789abcdef0ull);
+    gguf_set_val_i64 (ctx, "some.parameter.int64",   -0x123456789abcdef1ll);
+    gguf_set_val_f64 (ctx, "some.parameter.float64",  0.1234567890123456789);
+    gguf_set_val_bool(ctx, "some.parameter.bool",     true);
+    gguf_set_val_str (ctx, "some.parameter.string",   "hello world");
+
+    gguf_set_arr_data(ctx, "some.parameter.arr.i16", GGUF_TYPE_INT16,   std::vector<int16_t>{ 1, 2, 3, 4, }.data(), 4);
+    gguf_set_arr_data(ctx, "some.parameter.arr.f32", GGUF_TYPE_FLOAT32, std::vector<float>{ 3.145f, 2.718f, 1.414f, }.data(), 3);
+    gguf_set_arr_str (ctx, "some.parameter.arr.str",                    std::vector<const char *>{ "hello", "world", "!" }.data(), 3);
+
+    struct ggml_init_params params = {
+        /*.mem_size   =*/ 128ull*1024ull*1024ull,
+        /*.mem_buffer =*/ NULL,
+        /*.no_alloc   =*/ false,
+    };
+
+    struct ggml_context * ctx_data = ggml_init(params);
+
+    const int n_tensors = 10;
+
+    // tensor infos
+    for (int i = 0; i < n_tensors; ++i) {
+        const std::string name = "tensor_" + to_string(i);
+
+        int64_t ne[GGML_MAX_DIMS] = { 1 };
+        int32_t n_dims = rand() % GGML_MAX_DIMS + 1;
+
+        for (int j = 0; j < n_dims; ++j) {
+            ne[j] = rand() % 10 + 1;
+        }
+
+        struct ggml_tensor * cur = ggml_new_tensor(ctx_data, GGML_TYPE_F32, n_dims, ne);
+        ggml_set_name(cur, name.c_str());
+
+        {
+            float * data = (float *) cur->data;
+            for (int j = 0; j < ggml_nelements(cur); ++j) {
+                data[j] = 100 + i;
+            }
+        }
+
+        gguf_add_tensor(ctx, cur);
+    }
+
+    gguf_write_to_file(ctx, fname.c_str(), false);
+
+    fprintf(stdout, "%s: wrote file '%s;\n", __func__, fname.c_str());
+
+    ggml_free(ctx_data);
+    gguf_free(ctx);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+// just read tensor info
+bool gguf_ex_read_0(const std::string & fname) {
+    struct gguf_init_params params = {
+        /*.no_alloc = */ false,
+        /*.ctx      = */ NULL,
+    };
+
+    struct gguf_context * ctx = gguf_init_from_file(fname.c_str(), params);
+
+    fprintf(stdout, "%s: version:      %d\n", __func__, gguf_get_version(ctx));
+    fprintf(stdout, "%s: alignment:   %zu\n", __func__, gguf_get_alignment(ctx));
+    fprintf(stdout, "%s: data offset: %zu\n", __func__, gguf_get_data_offset(ctx));
+
+    // kv
+    {
+        const int n_kv = gguf_get_n_kv(ctx);
+
+        fprintf(stdout, "%s: n_kv: %d\n", __func__, n_kv);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < n_kv; ++i) {
+            const char * key = gguf_get_key(ctx, i);
+
+            fprintf(stdout, "%s: kv[%d]: key = %s\n", __func__, i, key);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // find kv string
+    {
+        const char * findkey = "some.parameter.string";
+
+        const int keyidx = gguf_find_key(ctx, findkey);
+        if (keyidx == -1) {
+            fprintf(stdout, "%s: find key: %s not found.\n", __func__, findkey);
+        } else {
+            const char * key_value = gguf_get_val_str(ctx, keyidx);
+            fprintf(stdout, "%s: find key: %s found, kv[%d] value = %s\n", __func__, findkey, keyidx, key_value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // tensor info
+    {
+        const int n_tensors = gguf_get_n_tensors(ctx);
+
+        fprintf(stdout, "%s: n_tensors: %d\n", __func__, n_tensors);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < n_tensors; ++i) {
+            const char * name   = gguf_get_tensor_name  (ctx, i);
+            const size_t offset = gguf_get_tensor_offset(ctx, i);
+
+            fprintf(stdout, "%s: tensor[%d]: name = %s, offset = %zu\n", __func__, i, name, offset);
+        }
+    }
+
+    gguf_free(ctx);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+// read and create ggml_context containing the tensors and their data
+bool gguf_ex_read_1(const std::string & fname) {
+    struct ggml_context * ctx_data = NULL;
+
+    struct gguf_init_params params = {
+        /*.no_alloc = */ false,
+        /*.ctx      = */ &ctx_data,
+    };
+
+    struct gguf_context * ctx = gguf_init_from_file(fname.c_str(), params);
+
+    fprintf(stdout, "%s: version:      %d\n", __func__, gguf_get_version(ctx));
+    fprintf(stdout, "%s: alignment:   %zu\n", __func__, gguf_get_alignment(ctx));
+    fprintf(stdout, "%s: data offset: %zu\n", __func__, gguf_get_data_offset(ctx));
+
+    // kv
+    {
+        const int n_kv = gguf_get_n_kv(ctx);
+
+        fprintf(stdout, "%s: n_kv: %d\n", __func__, n_kv);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < n_kv; ++i) {
+            const char * key = gguf_get_key(ctx, i);
+
+            fprintf(stdout, "%s: kv[%d]: key = %s\n", __func__, i, key);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // tensor info
+    {
+        const int n_tensors = gguf_get_n_tensors(ctx);
+
+        fprintf(stdout, "%s: n_tensors: %d\n", __func__, n_tensors);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < n_tensors; ++i) {
+            const char * name   = gguf_get_tensor_name  (ctx, i);
+            const size_t offset = gguf_get_tensor_offset(ctx, i);
+
+            fprintf(stdout, "%s: tensor[%d]: name = %s, offset = %zu\n", __func__, i, name, offset);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // data
+    {
+        const int n_tensors = gguf_get_n_tensors(ctx);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < n_tensors; ++i) {
+            fprintf(stdout, "%s: reading tensor %d data\n", __func__, i);
+
+            const char * name = gguf_get_tensor_name(ctx, i);
+
+            struct ggml_tensor * cur = ggml_get_tensor(ctx_data, name);
+
+            fprintf(stdout, "%s: tensor[%d]: n_dims = %d, name = %s, data = %p\n", __func__, i, cur->n_dims, cur->name, cur->data);
+
+            // print first 10 elements
+            const float * data = (const float *) cur->data;
+
+            printf("%s data[:10] : ", name);
+            for (int j = 0; j < MIN(10, ggml_nelements(cur)); ++j) {
+                printf("%f ", data[j]);
+            }
+            printf("\n\n");
+
+            // check data
+            {
+                const float * data = (const float *) cur->data;
+                for (int j = 0; j < ggml_nelements(cur); ++j) {
+                    if (data[j] != 100 + i) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "%s: tensor[%d]: data[%d] = %f\n", __func__, i, j, data[j]);
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fprintf(stdout, "%s: ctx_data size: %zu\n", __func__, ggml_get_mem_size(ctx_data));
+
+    ggml_free(ctx_data);
+    gguf_free(ctx);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
+    if (argc < 3) {
+        fprintf(stdout, "usage: %s data.gguf r|w\n", argv[0]);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    const std::string fname(argv[1]);
+    const std::string mode (argv[2]);
+
+    GGML_ASSERT((mode == "r" || mode == "w") && "mode must be r or w");
+
+    if (mode == "w") {
+        GGML_ASSERT(gguf_ex_write(fname) && "failed to write gguf file");
+    } else if (mode == "r") {
+        GGML_ASSERT(gguf_ex_read_0(fname) && "failed to read gguf file");
+        GGML_ASSERT(gguf_ex_read_1(fname) && "failed to read gguf file");
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}

examples/gpt4all.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+#
+# Temporary script - will be removed in the future
+#
+
+cd `dirname $0`
+cd ..
+
+./main --color --instruct --threads 4 \
+       --model ./models/gpt4all-7B/gpt4all-lora-quantized.bin \
+       --file ./prompts/alpaca.txt \
+       --batch_size 8 --ctx_size 2048 -n -1 \
+       --repeat_last_n 64 --repeat_penalty 1.3 \
+       --n_predict 128 --temp 0.1 --top_k 40 --top_p 0.95

examples/jeopardy/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# llama.cpp/example/jeopardy
+
+This is pretty much just a straight port of aigoopy/llm-jeopardy/ with an added graph viewer.
+
+The jeopardy test can be used to compare the fact knowledge of different models and compare them to eachother. This is in contrast to some other tests, which test logical deduction, creativity, writing skills, etc.
+
+
+Step 1: Open jeopardy.sh and modify the following:
+```
+MODEL=(path to your model)
+MODEL_NAME=(name of your model)
+prefix=(basically, if you use vicuna it's Human: , if you use something else it might be User: , etc)
+opts=(add -instruct here if needed for your model, or anything else you want to test out)
+```
+Step 2: Run `jeopardy.sh` from the llama.cpp folder
+
+Step 3: Repeat steps 1 and 2 until you have all the results you need.
+
+Step 4: Run `graph.py`, and follow the instructions. At the end, it will generate your final graph.
+
+Note: The Human bar is based off of the full, original 100 sample questions. If you modify the question count or questions, it will not be valid.

examples/jeopardy/graph.py

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+import os
+import csv
+
+labels = []
+numbers = []
+numEntries = 1
+
+rows = []
+
+
+def bar_chart(numbers, labels, pos):
+    plt.bar(pos, numbers, color='blue')
+    plt.xticks(ticks=pos, labels=labels)
+    plt.title("Jeopardy Results by Model")
+    plt.xlabel("Model")
+    plt.ylabel("Questions Correct")
+    plt.show()
+
+
+def calculatecorrect():
+    directory = os.fsencode("./examples/jeopardy/results/")
+    csv_reader = csv.reader(open("./examples/jeopardy/qasheet.csv", 'rt'), delimiter=',')
+    for row in csv_reader:
+        global rows
+        rows.append(row)
+    for listing in os.listdir(directory):
+        filename = os.fsdecode(listing)
+        if filename.endswith(".txt"):
+            file = open("./examples/jeopardy/results/" + filename, "rt")
+            global labels
+            global numEntries
+            global numbers
+            labels.append(filename[:-4])
+            numEntries += 1
+            i = 1
+            totalcorrect = 0
+            for line in file.readlines():
+                if line.strip() != "------":
+                    print(line)
+                else:
+                    print("Correct answer: " + rows[i][2] + "\n")
+                    i += 1
+                    print("Did the AI get the question right? (y/n)")
+                    if input() == "y":
+                        totalcorrect += 1
+            numbers.append(totalcorrect)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    calculatecorrect()
+    pos = list(range(numEntries))
+    labels.append("Human")
+    numbers.append(48.11)
+    bar_chart(numbers, labels, pos)
+    print(labels)
+    print(numbers)

examples/jeopardy/jeopardy.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -e
+
+MODEL=./models/ggml-vicuna-13b-1.1-q4_0.bin
+MODEL_NAME=Vicuna
+
+# exec options
+prefix="Human: " # Ex. Vicuna uses "Human: "
+opts="--temp 0 -n 80" # additional flags
+nl='
+'
+introduction="You will be playing a game of Jeopardy. Simply answer the question in the correct format (Ex. What is Paris, or Who is George Washington)."
+
+# file options
+question_file=./examples/jeopardy/questions.txt
+touch ./examples/jeopardy/results/$MODEL_NAME.txt
+output_file=./examples/jeopardy/results/$MODEL_NAME.txt
+
+counter=1
+
+echo 'Running'
+while IFS= read -r question
+do
+  exe_cmd="./main -p "\"$prefix$introduction$nl$prefix$question\"" "$opts" -m ""\"$MODEL\""" >> ""\"$output_file\""
+  echo $counter
+  echo "Current Question: $question"
+  eval "$exe_cmd"
+  echo -e "\n------" >> $output_file
+  counter=$((counter+1))
+done < "$question_file"

examples/jeopardy/qasheet.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+Index,Original Category,Original Correct Question,Model Prompt
+1,The Oscars,Who is John Williams?,Which actor Born in 1932 was the son of a percussionist in the CBS radio orchestra has been nominated for 53 Oscars?
+2,English Literature,What is Paradise Lost?,"What work in English Literature says: 'The mind is its own place, & in itself can make a heaven of hell, a hell of heaven. What matter where, if I be still the same'?"
+3,Writers’ Lesser-Known Works,Who is Niccolò Machiavelli?,"Known for more philosophical works, he wrote the play 'La Mandragola', in which Florentines are rewarded for immoral actions?"
+4,Exploration,What is Easter Island (Rapa Nui)?,"James Cook's account of a 1774 visit where records an object 'near 27 feet long, and upwards of 8 feet over the breast or shoulders'?"
+5,The Bill of Rights,What is the Eighth Amendment?,England's 'Bloody Assizes' & a 1685 life sentence for perjury were 2 main origins of which amendment to the U.S. Constitution?
+6,Nobel Peace Prize Winners,Who are Nelson Mandela & Desmond Tutu?,"Which nobel peace price winners each lived at times on Vilakazi St. in Soweto , so it claims to be the world's only street home to 2 Nobel Peace Prize winners?"
+7,Famous Names,Who is Walt Disney?,"In 1966, the year of who's death did he share plans for an experimental prototype community in Florida?"
+8,Geography,What is Colombia?,"Of the 13 nations through which the Equator passes, what is the only one whose coastline borders the Caribbean Sea?"
+9,Fashion History,What are rhinestones?,"Which decorative items in fashion history get their name from their origin in the port city of Strasbourg, on the border of France & Germany?"
+10,Movies of the ’80s,What is Driving Miss Daisy?,What 1980's movie is based on an off-Broadway play with just 3 characters and won the Best Picture Oscar & the actors in all 3 roles were nominated?
+11,Novelists,Who is John Grisham?,"A 2012 book review for which novelist noted subjects that 'sparked his ire': capital punishment, big tobacco & 'the plight of the unjustly convicted'?"
+12,20th Century Eponyms,What is the Maginot Line?,"A 1940 headline about what 20th Century Eponym included 'failure', 'liability when it came to offense' & 'stout hearts no match for tanks'?"
+13,City History,What is Stockholm?,"Over 700 years after its traditional 1252 founding date, what port city became associated with a psychological response?"
+14,Brand Names,What is Jacuzzi?,"The success of what brand has its roots with a hydrotherapy pump its cofounder created for his son, who had arthritis?"
+15,American Authors,Who is Washington Irving?,"In a periodical in 1807, what American Author called New York City 'Gotham, Gotham! Most enlightened of cities'?"
+16,Symbols,What is “less than”?,What symbol is a rotated V in math and a feeling of some marginalized or underrepresented people in society?
+17,Movie Theme Songs,Who is James Bond?,"Monty Norman, the composer of what character's theme, said the staccato riff conveyed sexiness, mystery & ruthlessness?"
+18,American Novelists,Who is Joseph Heller?,"What American Novelist served with an airman named Yohannan in World War II & despite what readers might think, he said he enjoyed his service?"
+19,Medieval Places,"What is Canterbury, England? (Canterbury Cathedral)","In what Medieval place did one of the participants in an 1170 event say, 'Let us away, knights; he will rise no more'?"
+20,Countries of Africa,What is Morocco?,"At one time a province of the Roman Empire, what African country kingdom is known to Arabic scholars as Al-Maghrib Al-Aqsa, 'the far west'?"
+21,Statehood,What is Wyoming?,Congress relented in 1890 after what prospective state said it would wait 100 years rather than come in without the women?
+22,1980s Movies,What is Raiders of the Lost Ark?,"A writer & producer of what movie said he wanted it to be like a Western or James Bond film, 'only it takes place in the 30s'?"
+23,Art Exhibitions,Who is Rembrandt?,In 1898 what's been called the first blockbuster art show was devoted to which artist & put on for Queen Wilhelmina's coronation?
+24,Countries of the World,What is Mongolia?,"Part of the largest contiguous land empire during the 1200s & 1300s, today what is the world's second-largest landlocked country?"
+25,Literature,What is “Howl”?,A 2006 book was titled 'The Poem That Changed America:' What 'Fifty Years Later'?
+26,Invasions,Who is William of Orange?,"Backed by 14,000 troops, who invaded England to restore, in his words, its 'religion, laws, and liberties'?"
+27,Landmarks,What is the Eiffel Tower?,"After its completion in the late 19th c., what was landmark was called 'a truly tragic street lamp' & a 'high & skinny pyramid of iron ladders'?"
+28,Geographic Name’s the Same,What is Dover?,"The busiest passenger port in the U.K., what shares its name with a capital of one of the original 13 states?"
+29,Names in the Bookstore,Who is Peter Mark Roget?,"This man made lists, perhaps to cope with depression; a set of lists he published in 1852 made whose name synonymous with a type of book?"
+30,U.S. History,Who is Dr. Samuel Mudd?,"An 1869 presidential pardon was granted to which man, due in part to a plea by the Medical Society of Harford County, Maryland?"
+31,American Literature,What is The Things They Carried?,"Letters, pocket knives, C rations & steel helmets are among the tangible items referred to in the title of what American literature modern war classic?"
+32,Nonfiction,What is The Communist Manifesto,"What nonfiction book has the line, 'The discovery of America…opened up fresh ground for the rising bourgeoisie'?"
+33, a new version was passed 81 years later,Laws in U.S. History,What is the Civil Rights Act?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,0, 2/3
+34,Names of Myth,Who is Helen of Troy?,"Whose brothers, Castor & Pollux, saved her after Theseus stole her away as a kid; a larger force would seek her later in life?"
+35,African Countries,What is Sudan?,"Once Africa's largest country in area, what African Country dropped to third in 2011 when a portion of it declared independence?"
+36,The Ancient World,What is Alexandria?,"The ancient writer Galen said books on ships arriving to what city's port were seized, originals kept & copies returned?"
+37,Famous Names,Who is Andy Warhol?,"For a special 1970s cookbook, who provided one simple recipe–a can of Campbell's tomato soup & 2 cans of milk?"
+38,People & Places,What is Guam?,"Thought to descend from people of Southeast Asia, the Chamorro make up what U.S. territory’s largest ethnic group?"
+39,Current World Leaders,What is the Philippines?,"In office from 2022, the president of what country has taken so many foreign trips a play on his name is 'Ferdinand Magellan Jr.'?"
+40,Writers & The South,Who is Tennessee Williams?,In 1939 which writer lived on Toulouse Street in the French Quarter & chose the professional name that bonded him to the South?
+41,National Parks,What is Yellowstone?,"What National Park is named for a river indigenous people called Mi tse a-da-zi, translated by French-speaking trappers as 'Pierre Jaune'?"
+42,Sports,Who are the Harlem Globetrotters?,"In 2010 who introduced the 4-point shot, 35 feet from the basket?"
+43,The U.S. Military,What is “Top Gun”?,Losses over Asia in the 1960s led to the establishment of the program known as what at a San Diego naval base in 1969?
+44,Art & Science,What is Halley’s Comet?,"A craft that visited what was named for Giotto, based on the story that 680 years earlier, the painter depicted it as the Star of Bethlehem?"
+45,Words From World War I,What is “tank”?,"In World War I, 'Cistern' & 'reservoir' were suggested names for what secret invention, but the British preferred this less clumsy monosyllable?"
+46,European History,What is Holy Roman Emperor?,"Until 1806, some German nobles included among their honors the title of 'Elector' for their role in selecting this personage?"
+47,Theater History,Who is Peter Pan?,"In 1904, wearing a harness, actress Nina Boucicault became the first to play what character onstage?"
+48,European Cities,What is Aachen?,"Alphabetically the first German city in encyclopedias, what was also the first one taken by the Allies in World War II?"
+49,Word Origins,What is mantra?,This Sanskrit word referring to a spoken word or phrase comes from a word for 'to think'?
+50,Inventions,What is barbed wire?,1917's 'Elements of Trench Warfare' said what Old West invention was 'difficult to destroy' & 'difficult to get through'?
+51,World War II,What is Schindler’s list?,"Mimi Reinhard, who never learned to type using more than 2 fingers, produced what in World War II with 1,100 names, including hers?"
+52, their offspring was the source of this mythical object,Mythology,What is the Golden Fleece?
+53,Literature,What is Pride and Prejudice?,"Published in 2011, P.D. James' final novel, 'Death Comes to Pemberley', was a sequel to what novel from 200 years earlier?"
+54, only these 2 west of the Mississippi River border each other,U.S. State Names,What are Oregon & Nevada?
+55,Word Origins,What is passion?,"Originally relating to a story of suffering, what word now more commonly refers to strong emotion of any kind?"
+56,World Cinema,What is La Vie en Rose?,"The 2007 biopic called 'La Môme' in France, meaning 'The Kid', was released in the U.S. under what other French title?"
+57,History,What is Santa Maria?,"Returning home in 1493, Columbus stopped in the Azores at an island with what name, also something he'd lost off the Haiti coast?"
+58,Landmarks,What is a kremlin?,Pskov & Nizhny Novgorod are 2 of the cities that have a fortress called what?
+59,Foreign-Born Authors,Who is Vladimir Nabokov?,In the 1950s the New York Times said what author 'is writing about all lust' & his lecherous narrator 'is all of us'?
+60,Astronomy & Geography,What is Capricorn?,"At the winter solstice, the sun is in Sagittarius; it once appeared in what constellation, giving a geographic feature its name?"
+61,Television,What is Law & Order?,"Mike Post combined the sound of a slamming jail door, an anvil & 100 men stomping on a floor for what television series that debuted in 1990?"
+62,British Landmarks,What is the Tower of London?,"Like Sir Thomas More, 3 16th century English queens are buried at what British location?"
+63,Early American History,What are witches?,"In 1692 Increase Mather wrote, 'It were better that ten suspected' of these who 'escape, than that one innocent person … be condemned'?"
+64,Geography Mnemonics,What are Arkansas and Louisiana?,"The Geography Mnemonic Mimal, sometimes said to be the silhouette of a chef or elf, stands for Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, and what other 2 states?"
+65,Business Milestones,What is the Ford Model T?,"What was first sold in 1908, at a price equivalent to about $27,000 today?"
+66,In The Bookstore,Who is Tom Clancy?,The name of what author dead since 2013 now appears on books written by a former U.S. marshal & a former Apache helicopter pilot?
+67,Historic Art,What is the Bayeux Tapestry?,The artwork once known in France as 'la tapisserie de la Reine Mathilde' is better known as what?
+68,Pop Stars,Who is Madonna?,In 2022 which pop star became the first woman to have a Billboard Top 10 album in 5 decades starting with the 1980s?
+69,Classic Tale Characters,Who is Scheherazade?,"In one 19th century translation, what female classic tale character 'perceived the dawn of day and ceased' speaking nearly 1,000 times?"
+70,USA,What is Jack Daniel’s?,"Ironically, though what company founded in the 1860s is Moore County, Tennessee's largest employer, Moore is a dry county?"
+71,Historic People,Who was William Bligh?,"After a 1789 event, who wrote, 'My first determination was to seek a supply of…water at Tofoa, & afterwards to sail for Tongataboo'?"
+72,The Movies,What is The Godfather?,Laurence Olivier & Ernest Borgnine were considered for the lead role & Sergio Leone to direct for what film that turned 50 in 2022?
+73,Continental Geography,What is Colombia?,"Until a 1903 secession, what country's contiguous territory spanned 2 continents?"
+74,Foreign-Born Authors,Who is Isabel Allende?,"Early in her career which foreign-born author translated romance novels into Spanish, often changing the dialogue to make the heroines smarter?"
+75,Historic Crimes,What is the Mona Lisa?,"Saying it was stolen by Napoleon, self-styled Italian patriot Vincenzo Peruggia took what in 1911?"
+76,U.S. Bodies of Water,What is Lake Mead?,"Continuing a downward trend, in July 2022 what US body of water was at 27% capacity, its lowest level since 1937 when it was first being filled?"
+77,Gods & Goddesses,Who is Aurora (or Eos)?,"Each morning which goddess began her ride in her chariot across the sky ahead of her brother Sol, or Helios?"
+78,America At War,What is the Battle of New Orleans?,"Until the Civil War, the Jan. 8 date of what American battle of dubious military importance but big morale value was a national holiday?"
+79,Children’s Books,What is The Velveteen Rabbit?,"Which children's book title character is told 'By the time you are real, most of your hair has been loved off your eyes drop out & you get shabby'?"
+80,TV Finales,What is Grace and Frankie?,"In a TV reunion over 40 years in the making, Dolly Parton appeared as an angel named Agnes in the final episode of what comedy in 2022?"
+81,American Poems,Who is Evangeline?,"In an 1847 American poem what character sees her town of Grand-Pré burned, but finally reunites with her beau for a kiss before his death?"
+82,Famous Names,Who is Banksy?,"In 2001 who published a book called 'Banging Your Head Against a Brick Wall'; in 2002, 'Existencilism'?"
+83,Children’s Lit,What is Charlotte’s Web?,The title object of what childrens book 'never looked more beautiful each strand held dozens of bright drops of early morning dew'?
+84,Classic Songs,What is “Here Comes Santa Claus”?,The shouts of excited children at a 1946 holiday parade are said to have inspired what perennial classic song favorite?
+85,Brand Names,What are Milk Duds?,"Unable to make what candies perfectly round, the confectioner embraced this flawed name for the product?"
+86,Countries of the World,What is Italy?,"What country is home to 58 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, more than any other country; the sites include a volcano & a lagoon?"
+87,Action Movies,What is Die Hard?,"What action movie's last line is 'If this is their idea of Christmas, I gotta be here for New Years'?"
+88,Presidential Facts,Who is Woodrow Wilson?,Only 3 presidents have married while in office— John Tyler was the first & which one was the last?
+89,19th Century Americans,Who is Frederick Douglass?,"Demonstrating the dignity & humanity of Black Americans, who sat for 160 known photographs, the most of any American in the 19th century?"
+90,Latin Phrases,What is “quid pro quo”?,"Originally, which Latin 3-word phrase referred to when a doctor or apothecary substituted one medicine for another?"
+91,1970s Movies,What is Monty Python and the Holy Grail?,The 1975 premiere of what movie comedy advertised free coconuts for the first thousand in the audience?
+92,Name’s The Same,What is Manhattan?,"A cocktail, an island & a WWII venture originally called 'Development of Substitute Materials' all bear what name?"
+93,U.S. Presidents,Who is Calvin Coolidge?,"Which US President was sworn in twice as President within 2 years, first by his father & then later by a former U.S. President?"
+94,Plays,What is The Tempest?,A 1609 story in which an exiled king of Bulgaria creates a sea palace with his magic may have inspired the plot of what play?
+95,Landmarks,What is the Berlin Wall?,"In 2009, during a 20th anniversary celebration, what landmark was called 'an edifice of fear. On Nov. 9, it became a place of joy'?"
+96,World Capitals,"What is Vienna, Austria?","Among what world capital's nicknames are the 'City of Classical Music' &, possibly in honor of a famous resident from 1860 to 1938, the 'City of Dreams'?"
+97,Language & Its Meanings,What is a night owl?,"Now meaning someone with nocturnal habits, what catches a sleeping dove in Shakespeare's 'Lucrece'?"
+98,Flags of Our Hemisphere,What is Brazil?,"The stars on what country's flag represent states, 26 of them; unlike the USA's, its 'federal district' gets its own 27th star?"
+99,Names in U.S. History,Who is Oliver Brown?,What father was the only man among the 13 plaintiffs in a US class-action case filed in 1951?
+100,Children’s Authors,"Who is Sarah? (from Sarah, Plain and Tall)","Reversing the story of what heroine she created, childrens author Patricia Maclachlan was born on the prairie but spent much of her life in New England?"
+,,,
+TOTALS,,,

examples/jeopardy/questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+Which man born in 1932 was the son of a percussionist in the CBS radio orchestra has been nominated for 53 Oscars?
+What work in English Literature says: 'The mind is its own place, & in itself can make a heaven of hell, a hell of heaven. What matter where, if I be still the same'?
+Known for more philosophical works, he wrote the play 'La Mandragola', in which Florentines are rewarded for immoral actions?
+James Cook's account of a 1774 visit where records an object 'near 27 feet long, and upwards of 8 feet over the breast or shoulders'?
+England's 'Bloody Assizes' & a 1685 life sentence for perjury were 2 main origins of which amendment to the U.S. Constitution?
+Which nobel peace price winners each lived at times on Vilakazi St. in Soweto , so it claims to be the world's only street home to 2 Nobel Peace Prize winners?
+In 1966, the year of who's death did he share plans for an experimental prototype community in Florida?
+Of the 13 nations through which the Equator passes, what is the only one whose coastline borders the Caribbean Sea?
+Which decorative items in fashion history get their name from their origin in the port city of Strasbourg, on the border of France & Germany?
+What 1980's movie is based on an off-Broadway play with just 3 characters and won the Best Picture Oscar & the actors in all 3 roles were nominated?
+A 2012 book review for which novelist noted subjects that 'sparked his ire': capital punishment, big tobacco & 'the plight of the unjustly convicted'?
+A 1940 headline about what 20th Century Eponym included 'failure', 'liability when it came to offense' & 'stout hearts no match for tanks'?
+Over 700 years after its traditional 1252 founding date, what port city became associated with a psychological response?
+The success of what brand has its roots with a hydrotherapy pump its cofounder created for his son, who had arthritis?
+In a periodical in 1807, what American Author called New York City 'Gotham, Gotham! Most enlightened of cities'?
+What symbol is a rotated V in math and a feeling of some marginalized or underrepresented people in society?
+Monty Norman, the composer of what character's theme, said the staccato riff conveyed sexiness, mystery & ruthlessness?
+What American Novelist served with an airman named Yohannan in World War II & despite what readers might think, he said he enjoyed his service?
+In what Medieval place did one of the participants in an 1170 event say, 'Let us away, knights; he will rise no more'?
+At one time a province of the Roman Empire, what African country kingdom is known to Arabic scholars as Al-Maghrib Al-Aqsa, 'the far west'?
+Congress relented in 1890 after what prospective state said it would wait 100 years rather than come in without the women?
+A writer & producer of what movie said he wanted it to be like a Western or James Bond film, 'only it takes place in the 30s'?
+In 1898 what's been called the first blockbuster art show was devoted to which artist & put on for Queen Wilhelmina's coronation?
+Part of the largest contiguous land empire during the 1200s & 1300s, today what is the world's second-largest landlocked country?
+A 2006 book was titled 'The Poem That Changed America:' What 'Fifty Years Later'?
+Backed by 14,000 troops, who invaded England to restore, in his words, its 'religion, laws, and liberties'?
+After its completion in the late 19th c., what was landmark was called 'a truly tragic street lamp' & a 'high & skinny pyramid of iron ladders'?
+The busiest passenger port in the U.K., what shares its name with a capital of one of the original 13 states?
+This man made lists, perhaps to cope with depression; a set of lists he published in 1852 made whose name synonymous with a type of book?
+An 1869 presidential pardon was granted to which man, due in part to a plea by the Medical Society of Harford County, Maryland?
+Letters, pocket knives, C rations & steel helmets are among the tangible items referred to in the title of what American literature modern war classic?
+What nonfiction book has the line, 'The discovery of America…opened up fresh ground for the rising bourgeoisie'?
+A radical Republican championed what 1875 act but the Supreme Court struck it down in 1883; a new version was passed 81 years later?
+Whose brothers, Castor & Pollux, saved her after Theseus stole her away as a kid; a larger force would seek her later in life?
+Once Africa's largest country in area, what African Country dropped to third in 2011 when a portion of it declared independence?
+The ancient writer Galen said books on ships arriving to what city's port were seized, originals kept & copies returned?
+For a special 1970s cookbook, who provided one simple recipe–a can of Campbell's tomato soup & 2 cans of milk?
+Thought to descend from people of Southeast Asia, the Chamorro make up what U.S. territory’s largest ethnic group?
+In office from 2022, the president of what country has taken so many foreign trips a play on his name is 'Ferdinand Magellan Jr.'?
+In 1939 which writer lived on Toulouse Street in the French Quarter & chose the professional name that bonded him to the South?
+What National Park is named for a river indigenous people called Mi tse a-da-zi, translated by French-speaking trappers as 'Pierre Jaune'?
+In 2010 who introduced the 4-point shot, 35 feet from the basket?
+Losses over Asia in the 1960s led to the establishment of the program known as what at a San Diego naval base in 1969?
+A craft that visited what was named for Giotto, based on the story that 680 years earlier, the painter depicted it as the Star of Bethlehem?
+In World War I, 'Cistern' & 'reservoir' were suggested names for what secret invention, but the British preferred this less clumsy monosyllable?
+Until 1806, some German nobles included among their honors the title of 'Elector' for their role in selecting this personage?
+In 1904, wearing a harness, actress Nina Boucicault became the first to play what character onstage?
+Alphabetically the first German city in encyclopedias, what was also the first one taken by the Allies in World War II?
+This Sanskrit word referring to a spoken word or phrase comes from a word for 'to think'?
+1917's 'Elements of Trench Warfare' said what Old West invention was 'difficult to destroy' & 'difficult to get through'?
+Mimi Reinhard, who never learned to type using more than 2 fingers, produced what in World War II with 1,100 names, including hers?
+Poseidon carried off the maiden Theophane & turned her into a ewe; their offspring was the source of what mythical object?
+Published in 2011, P.D. James' final novel, 'Death Comes to Pemberley', was a sequel to what novel from 200 years earlier?
+5 U.S. states have 6-letter names; only which 2 west of the Mississippi River border each other?
+Originally relating to a story of suffering, what word now more commonly refers to strong emotion of any kind?
+The 2007 biopic called 'La Môme' in France, meaning 'The Kid', was released in the U.S. under what other French title?
+Returning home in 1493, Columbus stopped in the Azores at an island with what name, also something he'd lost off the Haiti coast?
+Pskov & Nizhny Novgorod are 2 of the cities that have a fortress called what?
+In the 1950s the New York Times said what author 'is writing about all lust' & his lecherous narrator 'is all of us'?
+At the winter solstice, the sun is in Sagittarius; it once appeared in what constellation, giving a geographic feature its name?
+Mike Post combined the sound of a slamming jail door, an anvil & 100 men stomping on a floor for what television series that debuted in 1990?
+Like Sir Thomas More, 3 16th century English queens are buried at what British location?
+In 1692 Increase Mather wrote, 'It were better that ten suspected' of these who 'escape, than that one innocent person be condemned'?
+The Geography Mnemonic Mimal, sometimes said to be the silhouette of a chef or elf, stands for Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, and what other 2 states?
+What was first sold in 1908, at a price equivalent to about $27,000 today?
+The name of what author dead since 2013 now appears on books written by a former U.S. marshal & a former Apache helicopter pilot?
+The artwork once known in France as 'la tapisserie de la Reine Mathilde' is better known as what?
+In 2022 which pop star became the first woman to have a Billboard Top 10 album in 5 decades starting with the 1980s?
+In one 19th century translation, what female classic tale character 'perceived the dawn of day and ceased' speaking nearly 1,000 times?
+Ironically, though what company founded in the 1860s is Moore County, Tennessee's largest employer, Moore is a dry county?
+After a 1789 event, who wrote, 'My first determination was to seek a supply of…water at Tofoa, & afterwards to sail for Tongataboo'?
+Laurence Olivier & Ernest Borgnine were considered for the lead role & Sergio Leone to direct for what film that turned 50 in 2022?
+Until a 1903 secession, what country's contiguous territory spanned 2 continents?
+Early in her career which foreign-born author translated romance novels into Spanish, often changing the dialogue to make the heroines smarter?
+Saying it was stolen by Napoleon, self-styled Italian patriot Vincenzo Peruggia took what in 1911?
+Continuing a downward trend, in July 2022 what US body of water was at 27% capacity, its lowest level since 1937 when it was first being filled?
+Each morning which goddess began her ride in her chariot across the sky ahead of her brother Sol, or Helios?
+Until the Civil War, the Jan. 8 date of what American battle of dubious military importance but big morale value was a national holiday?
+Which children's book title character is told 'By the time you are real, most of your hair has been loved off your eyes drop out & you get shabby'?
+In a TV reunion over 40 years in the making, Dolly Parton appeared as an angel named Agnes in the final episode of what comedy in 2022?
+In an 1847 American poem what character sees her town of Grand-Pré burned, but finally reunites with her beau for a kiss before his death?
+In 2001 who published a book called 'Banging Your Head Against a Brick Wall'; in 2002, 'Existencilism'?
+The title object of what childrens book 'never looked more beautiful each strand held dozens of bright drops of early morning dew'?
+The shouts of excited children at a 1946 holiday parade are said to have inspired what perennial classic song favorite?
+Unable to make what candies perfectly round, the confectioner embraced this flawed name for the product?
+What country is home to 58 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, more than any other country; the sites include a volcano & a lagoon?
+What action movie's last line is 'If this is their idea of Christmas, I gotta be here for New Years'?
+Only 3 presidents have married while in office— John Tyler was the first & which one was the last?
+Demonstrating the dignity & humanity of Black Americans, who sat for 160 known photographs, the most of any American in the 19th century?
+Originally, which Latin 3-word phrase referred to when a doctor or apothecary substituted one medicine for another?
+The 1975 premiere of what movie comedy advertised free coconuts for the first thousand in the audience?
+A cocktail, an island & a WWII venture originally called 'Development of Substitute Materials' all bear what name?
+Which US President was sworn in twice as President within 2 years, first by his father & then later by a former U.S. President?
+A 1609 story in which an exiled king of Bulgaria creates a sea palace with his magic may have inspired the plot of what play?
+In 2009, during a 20th anniversary celebration, what landmark was called 'an edifice of fear. On Nov. 9, it became a place of joy'?
+Among what world capital's nicknames are the 'City of Classical Music' &, possibly in honor of a famous resident from 1860 to 1938, the 'City of Dreams'?
+Now meaning someone with nocturnal habits, what catches a sleeping dove in Shakespeare's 'Lucrece'?
+The stars on what country's flag represent states, 26 of them; unlike the USA's, its 'federal district' gets its own 27th star?
+What father was the only man among the 13 plaintiffs in a US class-action case filed in 1951?
+Reversing the story of what heroine she created, childrens author Patricia Maclachlan was born on the prairie but spent much of her life in New England?

examples/json-schema-to-grammar.py

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import argparse
+import json
+import re
+import sys
+
+# whitespace is constrained to a single space char to prevent model "running away" in
+# whitespace. Also maybe improves generation quality?
+SPACE_RULE = '" "?'
+
+PRIMITIVE_RULES = {
+    'boolean': '("true" | "false") space',
+    'number': '("-"? ([0-9] | [1-9] [0-9]*)) ("." [0-9]+)? ([eE] [-+]? [0-9]+)? space',
+    'integer': '("-"? ([0-9] | [1-9] [0-9]*)) space',
+    'string': r''' "\"" (
+        [^"\\] |
+        "\\" (["\\/bfnrt] | "u" [0-9a-fA-F] [0-9a-fA-F] [0-9a-fA-F] [0-9a-fA-F])
+      )* "\"" space ''',
+    'null': '"null" space',
+}
+
+INVALID_RULE_CHARS_RE = re.compile(r'[^a-zA-Z0-9-]+')
+GRAMMAR_LITERAL_ESCAPE_RE = re.compile(r'[\r\n"]')
+GRAMMAR_LITERAL_ESCAPES = {'\r': '\\r', '\n': '\\n', '"': '\\"'}
+
+
+class SchemaConverter:
+    def __init__(self, prop_order):
+        self._prop_order = prop_order
+        self._rules = {'space': SPACE_RULE}
+
+    def _format_literal(self, literal):
+        escaped = GRAMMAR_LITERAL_ESCAPE_RE.sub(
+            lambda m: GRAMMAR_LITERAL_ESCAPES.get(m.group(0)), json.dumps(literal)
+        )
+        return f'"{escaped}"'
+
+    def _add_rule(self, name, rule):
+        esc_name = INVALID_RULE_CHARS_RE.sub('-', name)
+        if esc_name not in self._rules or self._rules[esc_name] == rule:
+            key = esc_name
+        else:
+            i = 0
+            while f'{esc_name}{i}' in self._rules:
+                i += 1
+            key = f'{esc_name}{i}'
+        self._rules[key] = rule
+        return key
+
+    def visit(self, schema, name):
+        schema_type = schema.get('type')
+        rule_name = name or 'root'
+
+        if 'oneOf' in schema or 'anyOf' in schema:
+            rule = ' | '.join((
+                self.visit(alt_schema, f'{name}{"-" if name else ""}{i}')
+                for i, alt_schema in enumerate(schema.get('oneOf') or schema['anyOf'])
+            ))
+            return self._add_rule(rule_name, rule)
+
+        elif 'const' in schema:
+            return self._add_rule(rule_name, self._format_literal(schema['const']))
+
+        elif 'enum' in schema:
+            rule = ' | '.join((self._format_literal(v) for v in schema['enum']))
+            return self._add_rule(rule_name, rule)
+
+        elif schema_type == 'object' and 'properties' in schema:
+            # TODO: `required` keyword
+            prop_order = self._prop_order
+            prop_pairs = sorted(
+                schema['properties'].items(),
+                # sort by position in prop_order (if specified) then by key
+                key=lambda kv: (prop_order.get(kv[0], len(prop_order)), kv[0]),
+            )
+
+            rule = '"{" space'
+            for i, (prop_name, prop_schema) in enumerate(prop_pairs):
+                prop_rule_name = self.visit(prop_schema, f'{name}{"-" if name else ""}{prop_name}')
+                if i > 0:
+                    rule += ' "," space'
+                rule += fr' {self._format_literal(prop_name)} space ":" space {prop_rule_name}'
+            rule += ' "}" space'
+
+            return self._add_rule(rule_name, rule)
+
+        elif schema_type == 'array' and 'items' in schema:
+            # TODO `prefixItems` keyword
+            item_rule_name = self.visit(schema['items'], f'{name}{"-" if name else ""}item')
+            rule = f'"[" space ({item_rule_name} ("," space {item_rule_name})*)? "]" space'
+            return self._add_rule(rule_name, rule)
+
+        else:
+            assert schema_type in PRIMITIVE_RULES, f'Unrecognized schema: {schema}'
+            return self._add_rule(
+                'root' if rule_name == 'root' else schema_type,
+                PRIMITIVE_RULES[schema_type]
+            )
+
+    def format_grammar(self):
+        return '\n'.join((f'{name} ::= {rule}' for name, rule in self._rules.items()))
+
+
+def main(args_in = None):
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description='''
+            Generates a grammar (suitable for use in ./main) that produces JSON conforming to a
+            given JSON schema. Only a subset of JSON schema features are supported; more may be
+            added in the future.
+        ''',
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '--prop-order',
+        default=[],
+        type=lambda s: s.split(','),
+        help='''
+            comma-separated property names defining the order of precedence for object properties;
+            properties not specified here are given lower precedence than those that are, and are
+            sorted alphabetically
+        '''
+    )
+    parser.add_argument('schema', help='file containing JSON schema ("-" for stdin)')
+    args = parser.parse_args(args_in)
+
+    schema = json.load(sys.stdin if args.schema == '-' else open(args.schema))
+    prop_order = {name: idx for idx, name in enumerate(args.prop_order)}
+    converter = SchemaConverter(prop_order)
+    converter.visit(schema, '')
+    print(converter.format_grammar())
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

examples/llama-bench/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+set(TARGET llama-bench)
+add_executable(${TARGET} llama-bench.cpp)
+install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
+target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
+target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_11)
+if(TARGET BUILD_INFO)
+  add_dependencies(${TARGET} BUILD_INFO)
+endif()

examples/llama.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+" Requires an already running llama.cpp server
+" To install either copy or symlink to ~/.vim/autoload/llama.vim
+" Then start with either :call llama#doLlamaGen(),
+" or add a keybind to your vimrc such as
+" nnoremap Z :call llama#doLlamaGen()<CR>
+" Similarly, you could add an insert mode keybind with
+" inoremap <C-B> <Cmd>call llama#doLlamaGen()<CR>
+"
+" g:llama_api_url and g:llama_overrides can be configured in your .vimrc
+" let g:llama_api_url = "192.168.1.10:8080"
+" llama_overrides can also be set through buffer/window scopes. For instance
+" autocmd filetype python let b:llama_overrides = {"temp": 0.2}
+" Could be added to your .vimrc to automatically set a lower temperature when
+" editing a python script
+" Additionally, an override dict can be stored at the top of a file
+" !*{"stop": ["User:"]}
+" Could be added to the start of your chatlog.txt to set the stopping token
+" These parameter dicts are merged together from lowest to highest priority:
+" server default -> g:llama_overrides -> w:llama_overrides ->
+" b:llama_overrides -> in file (!*) overrides
+"
+" Sublists (like logit_bias and stop) are overridden, not merged
+" Example override:
+" !*{"logit_bias": [[13, -5], [2, false]], "temperature": 1, "top_k": 5, "top_p": 0.5, "n_predict": 256, "repeat_last_n": 256, "repeat_penalty": 1.17647}
+if !exists("g:llama_api_url")
+    let g:llama_api_url= "127.0.0.1:8080"
+endif
+if !exists("g:llama_overrides")
+   let g:llama_overrides = {}
+endif
+const s:querydata = {"n_predict": 256, "stop": [ "\n" ], "stream": v:true }
+const s:curlcommand = ['curl','--data-raw', "{\"prompt\":\"### System:\"}", '--silent', '--no-buffer', '--request', 'POST', '--url', g:llama_api_url .. '/completion', '--header', "Content-Type: application/json"]
+let s:linedict = {}
+
+func s:callbackHandler(bufn, channel, msg)
+   if len(a:msg) < 3
+      return
+   elseif a:msg[0] == "d"
+      let l:msg = a:msg[6:-1]
+   else
+      let l:msg = a:msg
+   endif
+   let l:decoded_msg = json_decode(l:msg)
+   let l:newtext = split(l:decoded_msg['content'], "\n", 1)
+   if len(l:newtext) > 0
+      call setbufline(a:bufn, s:linedict[a:bufn], getbufline(a:bufn, s:linedict[a:bufn])[0] .. newtext[0])
+   else
+      echo "nothing genned"
+   endif
+   if len(newtext) > 1
+      let l:failed = appendbufline(a:bufn, s:linedict[a:bufn], newtext[1:-1])
+      let s:linedict[a:bufn] = s:linedict[a:bufn] + len(newtext)-1
+   endif
+   if has_key(l:decoded_msg, "stop") && l:decoded_msg.stop
+       echo "Finished generation"
+   endif
+endfunction
+
+func llama#doLlamaGen()
+   if exists("b:job")
+      if job_status(b:job) == "run"
+         call job_stop(b:job)
+         return
+      endif
+   endif
+
+   let l:cbuffer = bufnr("%")
+   let s:linedict[l:cbuffer] = line('$')
+   let l:buflines = getbufline(l:cbuffer, 1, 1000)
+   let l:querydata = copy(s:querydata)
+   call extend(l:querydata, g:llama_overrides)
+   if exists("w:llama_overrides")
+      call extend(l:querydata, w:llama_overrides)
+   endif
+   if exists("b:llama_overrides")
+      call extend(l:querydata, b:llama_overrides)
+   endif
+   if l:buflines[0][0:1] == '!*'
+      let l:userdata = json_decode(l:buflines[0][2:-1])
+      call extend(l:querydata, l:userdata)
+      let l:buflines = l:buflines[1:-1]
+   endif
+   let l:querydata.prompt = join(l:buflines, "\n")
+   let l:curlcommand = copy(s:curlcommand)
+   let l:curlcommand[2] = json_encode(l:querydata)
+   let b:job = job_start(l:curlcommand, {"callback": function("s:callbackHandler", [l:cbuffer])})
+endfunction
+
+" Echos the tokkenization of the provided string , or cursor to end of word
+" Onus is placed on the user to include the preceding space
+func llama#tokenizeWord(...)
+    if (a:0 > 0)
+        let l:input = a:1
+    else
+        exe "normal \"*ye"
+        let l:input = @*
+    endif
+    let l:querydata = {"content": l:input}
+    let l:curlcommand = copy(s:curlcommand)
+    let l:curlcommand[2] = json_encode(l:querydata)
+    let l:curlcommand[8] = g:llama_api_url .. "/tokenize"
+   let s:token_job = job_start(l:curlcommand, {"callback": function("s:tokenizeWordCallback", [l:input])})
+endfunction
+
+func s:tokenizeWordCallback(plaintext, channel, msg)
+    echo '"' .. a:plaintext ..'" - ' .. string(json_decode(a:msg).tokens)
+endfunction
+
+
+" Echos the token count of the entire buffer (or provided string)
+" Example usage :echo llama#tokenCount()
+func llama#tokenCount(...)
+    if (a:0 > 0)
+        let l:buflines = a:1
+    else
+        let l:buflines = getline(1,1000)
+        if l:buflines[0][0:1] == '!*'
+            let l:buflines = l:buflines[1:-1]
+        endif
+        let l:buflines = join(l:buflines, "\n")
+    endif
+    let l:querydata = {"content": l:buflines}
+    let l:curlcommand = copy(s:curlcommand)
+    let l:curlcommand[2] = json_encode(l:querydata)
+    let l:curlcommand[8] = g:llama_api_url .. "/tokenize"
+   let s:token_job = job_start(l:curlcommand, {"callback": "s:tokenCountCallback"})
+endfunction
+
+func s:tokenCountCallback(channel, msg)
+    let resp = json_decode(a:msg)
+    echo len(resp.tokens)
+endfunction

examples/llama2-13b.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+#
+# Temporary script - will be removed in the future
+#
+
+cd `dirname $0`
+cd ..
+
+./main -m models/available/Llama2/13B/llama-2-13b.ggmlv3.q4_0.bin \
+       --color \
+       --ctx_size 2048 \
+       -n -1 \
+       -ins -b 256 \
+       --top_k 10000 \
+       --temp 0.2 \
+       --repeat_penalty 1.1 \
+       -t 8

examples/llama2.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+#
+# Temporary script - will be removed in the future
+#
+
+cd `dirname $0`
+cd ..
+
+./main -m models/available/Llama2/7B/llama-2-7b.ggmlv3.q4_0.bin \
+       --color \
+       --ctx_size 2048 \
+       -n -1 \
+       -ins -b 256 \
+       --top_k 10000 \
+       --temp 0.2 \
+       --repeat_penalty 1.1 \
+       -t 8

examples/llm.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+" Basic plugin example
+
+function! Llm()
+
+  let url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/completion"
+
+  " Get the content of the current buffer
+  let buffer_content = join(getline(1, '$'), "\n")
+
+  " Create the JSON payload
+  let json_payload = {"temp":0.72,"top_k":100,"top_p":0.73,"repeat_penalty":1.100000023841858,"n_predict":256,"stop": ["\n\n\n"],"stream": v:false}
+  let json_payload.prompt = buffer_content
+
+  " Define the curl command
+  let curl_command = 'curl -k -s -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d @- ' . url
+  let response = system(curl_command, json_encode(json_payload))
+
+  " Extract the content field from the response
+  let content = json_decode(response).content
+
+  let split_newlines = split(content, '\n', 1)
+
+  " Insert the content at the cursor position
+  call setline(line('.'), [ getline('.') . split_newlines[0] ] + split_newlines[1:])
+endfunction
+
+command! Llm call Llm()
+noremap <F2> :Llm<CR>

examples/main/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+set(TARGET main)
+add_executable(${TARGET} main.cpp)
+install(TARGETS ${TARGET} RUNTIME)
+target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE common llama ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
+target_compile_features(${TARGET} PRIVATE cxx_std_11)
+if(TARGET BUILD_INFO)
+  add_dependencies(${TARGET} BUILD_INFO)
+endif()

examples/main/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,311 @@
+# llama.cpp/example/main
+
+This example program allows you to use various LLaMA language models in an easy and efficient way. It is specifically designed to work with the [llama.cpp](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp) project, which provides a plain C/C++ implementation with optional 4-bit quantization support for faster, lower memory inference, and is optimized for desktop CPUs. This program can be used to perform various inference tasks with LLaMA models, including generating text based on user-provided prompts and chat-like interactions with reverse prompts.
+
+## Table of Contents
+
+1. [Quick Start](#quick-start)
+2. [Common Options](#common-options)
+3. [Input Prompts](#input-prompts)
+4. [Interaction](#interaction)
+5. [Context Management](#context-management)
+6. [Generation Flags](#generation-flags)
+7. [Performance Tuning and Memory Options](#performance-tuning-and-memory-options)
+8. [Additional Options](#additional-options)
+
+## Quick Start
+
+To get started right away, run the following command, making sure to use the correct path for the model you have:
+
+#### Unix-based systems (Linux, macOS, etc.):
+
+```bash
+./main -m models/7B/ggml-model.bin --prompt "Once upon a time"
+```
+
+#### Windows:
+
+```powershell
+main.exe -m models\7B\ggml-model.bin --prompt "Once upon a time"
+```
+
+For an interactive experience, try this command:
+
+#### Unix-based systems (Linux, macOS, etc.):
+
+```bash
+./main -m models/7B/ggml-model.bin -n -1 --color -r "User:" --in-prefix " " -i -p \
+'User: Hi
+AI: Hello. I am an AI chatbot. Would you like to talk?
+User: Sure!
+AI: What would you like to talk about?
+User:'
+```
+
+#### Windows:
+
+```powershell
+main.exe -m models\7B\ggml-model.bin -n -1 --color -r "User:" --in-prefix " " -i -e -p "User: Hi\nAI: Hello. I am an AI chatbot. Would you like to talk?\nUser: Sure!\nAI: What would you like to talk about?\nUser:"
+```
+
+The following command generates "infinite" text from a starting prompt (you can use `Ctrl-C` to stop it):
+
+#### Unix-based systems (Linux, macOS, etc.):
+
+```bash
+./main -m models/7B/ggml-model.bin --ignore-eos -n -1 --random-prompt
+```
+
+#### Windows:
+
+```powershell
+main.exe -m models\7B\ggml-model.bin --ignore-eos -n -1 --random-prompt
+```
+
+## Common Options
+
+In this section, we cover the most commonly used options for running the `main` program with the LLaMA models:
+
+-   `-m FNAME, --model FNAME`: Specify the path to the LLaMA model file (e.g., `models/7B/ggml-model.bin`).
+-   `-i, --interactive`: Run the program in interactive mode, allowing you to provide input directly and receive real-time responses.
+-   `-ins, --instruct`: Run the program in instruction mode, which is particularly useful when working with Alpaca models.
+-   `-n N, --n-predict N`: Set the number of tokens to predict when generating text. Adjusting this value can influence the length of the generated text.
+-   `-c N, --ctx-size N`: Set the size of the prompt context. The default is 512, but LLaMA models were built with a context of 2048, which will provide better results for longer input/inference.
+
+## Input Prompts
+
+The `main` program provides several ways to interact with the LLaMA models using input prompts:
+
+-   `--prompt PROMPT`: Provide a prompt directly as a command-line option.
+-   `--file FNAME`: Provide a file containing a prompt or multiple prompts.
+-   `--interactive-first`: Run the program in interactive mode and wait for input right away. (More on this below.)
+-   `--random-prompt`: Start with a randomized prompt.
+
+## Interaction
+
+The `main` program offers a seamless way to interact with LLaMA models, allowing users to engage in real-time conversations or provide instructions for specific tasks. The interactive mode can be triggered using various options, including `--interactive`, `--interactive-first`, and `--instruct`.
+
+In interactive mode, users can participate in text generation by injecting their input during the process. Users can press `Ctrl+C` at any time to interject and type their input, followed by pressing `Return` to submit it to the LLaMA model. To submit additional lines without finalizing input, users can end the current line with a backslash (`\`) and continue typing.
+
+### Interaction Options
+
+-   `-i, --interactive`: Run the program in interactive mode, allowing users to engage in real-time conversations or provide specific instructions to the model.
+-   `--interactive-first`: Run the program in interactive mode and immediately wait for user input before starting the text generation.
+-   `-ins, --instruct`: Run the program in instruction mode, which is specifically designed to work with Alpaca models that excel in completing tasks based on user instructions.
+-   `--color`: Enable colorized output to differentiate visually distinguishing between prompts, user input, and generated text.
+
+By understanding and utilizing these interaction options, you can create engaging and dynamic experiences with the LLaMA models, tailoring the text generation process to your specific needs.
+
+### Reverse Prompts
+
+Reverse prompts are a powerful way to create a chat-like experience with a LLaMA model by pausing the text generation when specific text strings are encountered:
+
+-   `-r PROMPT, --reverse-prompt PROMPT`: Specify one or multiple reverse prompts to pause text generation and switch to interactive mode. For example, `-r "User:"` can be used to jump back into the conversation whenever it's the user's turn to speak. This helps create a more interactive and conversational experience. However, the reverse prompt doesn't work when it ends with a space.
+
+To overcome this limitation, you can use the `--in-prefix` flag to add a space or any other characters after the reverse prompt.
+
+### In-Prefix
+
+The `--in-prefix` flag is used to add a prefix to your input, primarily, this is used to insert a space after the reverse prompt. Here's an example of how to use the `--in-prefix` flag in conjunction with the `--reverse-prompt` flag:
+
+```sh
+./main -r "User:" --in-prefix " "
+```
+
+### In-Suffix
+
+The `--in-suffix` flag is used to add a suffix after your input. This is useful for adding an "Assistant:" prompt after the user's input. It's added after the new-line character (`\n`) that's automatically added to the end of the user's input. Here's an example of how to use the `--in-suffix` flag in conjunction with the `--reverse-prompt` flag:
+
+```sh
+./main -r "User:" --in-prefix " " --in-suffix "Assistant:"
+```
+
+### Instruction Mode
+
+Instruction mode is particularly useful when working with Alpaca models, which are designed to follow user instructions for specific tasks:
+
+-   `-ins, --instruct`: Enable instruction mode to leverage the capabilities of Alpaca models in completing tasks based on user-provided instructions.
+
+Technical detail: the user's input is internally prefixed with the reverse prompt (or `### Instruction:` as the default), and followed by `### Response:` (except if you just press Return without any input, to keep generating a longer response).
+
+By understanding and utilizing these interaction options, you can create engaging and dynamic experiences with the LLaMA models, tailoring the text generation process to your specific needs.
+
+## Context Management
+
+During text generation, LLaMA models have a limited context size, which means they can only consider a certain number of tokens from the input and generated text. When the context fills up, the model resets internally, potentially losing some information from the beginning of the conversation or instructions. Context management options help maintain continuity and coherence in these situations.
+
+### Context Size
+
+The `--ctx-size` option allows you to set the size of the prompt context used by the LLaMA models during text generation. A larger context size helps the model to better comprehend and generate responses for longer input or conversations.
+
+-   `-c N, --ctx-size N`: Set the size of the prompt context (default: 512). The LLaMA models were built with a context of 2048, which will yield the best results on longer input/inference. However, increasing the context size beyond 2048 may lead to unpredictable results.
+
+### Extended Context Size
+
+Some fine-tuned models have extened the context length by scaling RoPE. For example, if the original pretrained model have a context length (max sequence length) of 4096 (4k) and the fine-tuned model have 32k. That is a scaling factor of 8, and should work by setting the above `--ctx-size` to 32768 (32k) and `--rope-scale` to 8.
+
+- `--rope-scale N`: Where N is the linear scaling factor used by the fine-tuned model.
+
+### Keep Prompt
+
+The `--keep` option allows users to retain the original prompt when the model runs out of context, ensuring a connection to the initial instruction or conversation topic is maintained.
+
+-   `--keep N`: Specify the number of tokens from the initial prompt to retain when the model resets its internal context. By default, this value is set to 0 (meaning no tokens are kept). Use `-1` to retain all tokens from the initial prompt.
+
+By utilizing context management options like `--ctx-size` and `--keep`, you can maintain a more coherent and consistent interaction with the LLaMA models, ensuring that the generated text remains relevant to the original prompt or conversation.
+
+## Generation Flags
+
+The following options allow you to control the text generation process and fine-tune the diversity, creativity, and quality of the generated text according to your needs. By adjusting these options and experimenting with different combinations of values, you can find the best settings for your specific use case.
+
+### Number of Tokens to Predict
+
+-   `-n N, --n-predict N`: Set the number of tokens to predict when generating text (default: 128, -1 = infinity, -2 = until context filled)
+
+The `--n-predict` option controls the number of tokens the model generates in response to the input prompt. By adjusting this value, you can influence the length of the generated text. A higher value will result in longer text, while a lower value will produce shorter text.
+
+A value of -1 will enable infinite text generation, even though we have a finite context window. When the context window is full, some of the earlier tokens (half of the tokens after `--n-keep`) will be discarded. The context must then be re-evaluated before generation can resume. On large models and/or large context windows, this will result in significant pause in output.
+
+If the pause is undesirable, a value of -2 will stop generation immediately when the context is filled.
+
+It is important to note that the generated text may be shorter than the specified number of tokens if an End-of-Sequence (EOS) token or a reverse prompt is encountered. In interactive mode text generation will pause and control will be returned to the user. In non-interactive mode, the program will end. In both cases, the text generation may stop before reaching the specified `n-predict` value. If you want the model to keep going without ever producing End-of-Sequence on its own, you can use the `--ignore-eos` parameter.
+
+### Temperature
+
+-   `--temp N`: Adjust the randomness of the generated text (default: 0.8).
+
+Temperature is a hyperparameter that controls the randomness of the generated text. It affects the probability distribution of the model's output tokens. A higher temperature (e.g., 1.5) makes the output more random and creative, while a lower temperature (e.g., 0.5) makes the output more focused, deterministic, and conservative. The default value is 0.8, which provides a balance between randomness and determinism. At the extreme, a temperature of 0 will always pick the most likely next token, leading to identical outputs in each run.
+
+Example usage: `--temp 0.5`
+
+### Repeat Penalty
+
+-   `--repeat-penalty N`: Control the repetition of token sequences in the generated text (default: 1.1).
+-   `--repeat-last-n N`: Last n tokens to consider for penalizing repetition (default: 64, 0 = disabled, -1 = ctx-size).
+-   `--no-penalize-nl`: Disable penalization for newline tokens when applying the repeat penalty.
+
+The `repeat-penalty` option helps prevent the model from generating repetitive or monotonous text. A higher value (e.g., 1.5) will penalize repetitions more strongly, while a lower value (e.g., 0.9) will be more lenient. The default value is 1.1.
+
+The `repeat-last-n` option controls the number of tokens in the history to consider for penalizing repetition. A larger value will look further back in the generated text to prevent repetitions, while a smaller value will only consider recent tokens. A value of 0 disables the penalty, and a value of -1 sets the number of tokens considered equal to the context size (`ctx-size`).
+
+Use the `--no-penalize-nl` option to disable newline penalization when applying the repeat penalty. This option is particularly useful for generating chat conversations, dialogues, code, poetry, or any text where newline tokens play a significant role in structure and formatting. Disabling newline penalization helps maintain the natural flow and intended formatting in these specific use cases.
+
+Example usage: `--repeat-penalty 1.15 --repeat-last-n 128 --no-penalize-nl`
+
+### Top-K Sampling
+
+-   `--top-k N`: Limit the next token selection to the K most probable tokens (default: 40).
+
+Top-k sampling is a text generation method that selects the next token only from the top k most likely tokens predicted by the model. It helps reduce the risk of generating low-probability or nonsensical tokens, but it may also limit the diversity of the output. A higher value for top-k (e.g., 100) will consider more tokens and lead to more diverse text, while a lower value (e.g., 10) will focus on the most probable tokens and generate more conservative text. The default value is 40.
+
+Example usage: `--top-k 30`
+
+### Top-P Sampling
+
+-   `--top-p N`: Limit the next token selection to a subset of tokens with a cumulative probability above a threshold P (default: 0.9).
+
+Top-p sampling, also known as nucleus sampling, is another text generation method that selects the next token from a subset of tokens that together have a cumulative probability of at least p. This method provides a balance between diversity and quality by considering both the probabilities of tokens and the number of tokens to sample from. A higher value for top-p (e.g., 0.95) will lead to more diverse text, while a lower value (e.g., 0.5) will generate more focused and conservative text. The default value is 0.9.
+
+Example usage: `--top-p 0.95`
+
+### Tail Free Sampling (TFS)
+
+-   `--tfs N`: Enable tail free sampling with parameter z (default: 1.0, 1.0 = disabled).
+
+Tail free sampling (TFS) is a text generation technique that aims to reduce the impact of less likely tokens, which may be less relevant, less coherent, or nonsensical, on the output. Similar to Top-P it tries to determine the bulk of the most likely tokens dynamically. But TFS filters out logits based on the second derivative of their probabilities. Adding tokens is stopped after the sum of the second derivatives reaches the parameter z. In short: TFS looks how quickly the probabilities of the tokens decrease and cuts off the tail of unlikely tokens using the parameter z. Typical values for z are in the range of 0.9 to 0.95. A value of 1.0 would include all tokens, and thus disables the effect of TFS.
+
+Example usage: `--tfs 0.95`
+
+### Locally Typical Sampling
+
+-   `--typical N`: Enable locally typical sampling with parameter p (default: 1.0, 1.0 = disabled).
+
+Locally typical sampling promotes the generation of contextually coherent and diverse text by sampling tokens that are typical or expected based on the surrounding context. By setting the parameter p between 0 and 1, you can control the balance between producing text that is locally coherent and diverse. A value closer to 1 will promote more contextually coherent tokens, while a value closer to 0 will promote more diverse tokens. A value equal to 1 disables locally typical sampling.
+
+Example usage: `--typical 0.9`
+
+### Mirostat Sampling
+
+-   `--mirostat N`: Enable Mirostat sampling, controlling perplexity during text generation (default: 0, 0 = disabled, 1 = Mirostat, 2 = Mirostat 2.0).
+-   `--mirostat-lr N`: Set the Mirostat learning rate, parameter eta (default: 0.1).
+-   `--mirostat-ent N`: Set the Mirostat target entropy, parameter tau (default: 5.0).
+
+Mirostat is an algorithm that actively maintains the quality of generated text within a desired range during text generation. It aims to strike a balance between coherence and diversity, avoiding low-quality output caused by excessive repetition (boredom traps) or incoherence (confusion traps).
+
+The `--mirostat-lr` option sets the Mirostat learning rate (eta). The learning rate influences how quickly the algorithm responds to feedback from the generated text. A lower learning rate will result in slower adjustments, while a higher learning rate will make the algorithm more responsive. The default value is `0.1`.
+
+The `--mirostat-ent` option sets the Mirostat target entropy (tau), which represents the desired perplexity value for the generated text. Adjusting the target entropy allows you to control the balance between coherence and diversity in the generated text. A lower value will result in more focused and coherent text, while a higher value will lead to more diverse and potentially less coherent text. The default value is `5.0`.
+
+Example usage: `--mirostat 2 --mirostat-lr 0.05 --mirostat-ent 3.0`
+
+### Logit Bias
+
+-   `-l TOKEN_ID(+/-)BIAS, --logit-bias TOKEN_ID(+/-)BIAS`: Modify the likelihood of a token appearing in the generated text completion.
+
+The logit bias option allows you to manually adjust the likelihood of specific tokens appearing in the generated text. By providing a token ID and a positive or negative bias value, you can increase or decrease the probability of that token being generated.
+
+For example, use `--logit-bias 15043+1` to increase the likelihood of the token 'Hello', or `--logit-bias 15043-1` to decrease its likelihood. Using a value of negative infinity, `--logit-bias 15043-inf` ensures that the token `Hello` is never produced.
+
+A more practical use case might be to prevent the generation of `\code{begin}` and `\code{end}` by setting the `\` token (29905) to negative infinity with `-l 29905-inf`. (This is due to the prevalence of LaTeX codes that show up in LLaMA model inference.)
+
+Example usage: `--logit-bias 29905-inf`
+
+### RNG Seed
+
+-   `-s SEED, --seed SEED`: Set the random number generator (RNG) seed (default: -1, -1 = random seed).
+
+The RNG seed is used to initialize the random number generator that influences the text generation process. By setting a specific seed value, you can obtain consistent and reproducible results across multiple runs with the same input and settings. This can be helpful for testing, debugging, or comparing the effects of different options on the generated text to see when they diverge. If the seed is set to a value less than 0, a random seed will be used, which will result in different outputs on each run.
+
+## Performance Tuning and Memory Options
+
+These options help improve the performance and memory usage of the LLaMA models. By adjusting these settings, you can fine-tune the model's behavior to better suit your system's capabilities and achieve optimal performance for your specific use case.
+
+### Number of Threads
+
+-   `-t N, --threads N`: Set the number of threads to use during computation. For optimal performance, it is recommended to set this value to the number of physical CPU cores your system has (as opposed to the logical number of cores). Using the correct number of threads can greatly improve performance.
+
+### Mlock
+
+-   `--mlock`: Lock the model in memory, preventing it from being swapped out when memory-mapped. This can improve performance but trades away some of the advantages of memory-mapping by requiring more RAM to run and potentially slowing down load times as the model loads into RAM.
+
+### No Memory Mapping
+
+-   `--no-mmap`: Do not memory-map the model. By default, models are mapped into memory, which allows the system to load only the necessary parts of the model as needed. However, if the model is larger than your total amount of RAM or if your system is low on available memory, using mmap might increase the risk of pageouts, negatively impacting performance. Disabling mmap results in slower load times but may reduce pageouts if you're not using `--mlock`. Note that if the model is larger than the total amount of RAM, turning off mmap would prevent the model from loading at all.
+
+### NUMA support
+
+-   `--numa`: Attempt optimizations that help on some systems with non-uniform memory access. This currently consists of pinning an equal proportion of the threads to the cores on each NUMA node, and disabling prefetch and readahead for mmap. The latter causes mapped pages to be faulted in on first access instead of all at once, and in combination with pinning threads to NUMA nodes, more of the pages end up on the NUMA node where they are used. Note that if the model is already in the system page cache, for example because of a previous run without this option, this will have little effect unless you drop the page cache first. This can be done by rebooting the system or on Linux by writing '3' to '/proc/sys/vm/drop\_caches' as root.
+
+### Memory Float 32
+
+-   `--memory-f32`: Use 32-bit floats instead of 16-bit floats for memory key+value. This doubles the context memory requirement and cached prompt file size but does not appear to increase generation quality in a measurable way. Not recommended.
+
+### Batch Size
+
+-   `-b N, --batch-size N`: Set the batch size for prompt processing (default: 512). This large batch size benefits users who have BLAS installed and enabled it during the build. If you don't have BLAS enabled ("BLAS=0"), you can use a smaller number, such as 8, to see the prompt progress as it's evaluated in some situations.
+
+### Prompt Caching
+
+-   `--prompt-cache FNAME`: Specify a file to cache the model state after the initial prompt. This can significantly speed up the startup time when you're using longer prompts. The file is created during the first run and is reused and updated in subsequent runs. **Note**: Restoring a cached prompt does not imply restoring the exact state of the session at the point it was saved. So even when specifying a specific seed, you are not guaranteed to get the same sequence of tokens as the original generation.
+
+### Grammars
+
+-   `--grammar GRAMMAR`, `--grammar-file FILE`: Specify a grammar (defined inline or in a file) to constrain model output to a specific format. For example, you could force the model to output JSON or to speak only in emojis. See the [GBNF guide](../../grammars/README.md) for details on the syntax.
+
+### Quantization
+
+For information about 4-bit quantization, which can significantly improve performance and reduce memory usage, please refer to llama.cpp's primary [README](../../README.md#prepare-data--run).
+
+## Additional Options
+
+These options provide extra functionality and customization when running the LLaMA models:
+
+-   `-h, --help`: Display a help message showing all available options and their default values. This is particularly useful for checking the latest options and default values, as they can change frequently, and the information in this document may become outdated.
+-   `--verbose-prompt`: Print the prompt before generating text.
+-   `--mtest`: Test the model's functionality by running a series of tests to ensure it's working properly.
+-   `-ngl N, --n-gpu-layers N`: When compiled with appropriate support (currently CLBlast or cuBLAS), this option allows offloading some layers to the GPU for computation. Generally results in increased performance.
+-   `-mg i, --main-gpu i`: When using multiple GPUs this option controls which GPU is used for small tensors for which the overhead of splitting the computation across all GPUs is not worthwhile. The GPU in question will use slightly more VRAM to store a scratch buffer for temporary results. By default GPU 0 is used. Requires cuBLAS.
+-   `-ts SPLIT, --tensor-split SPLIT`: When using multiple GPUs this option controls how large tensors should be split across all GPUs. `SPLIT` is a comma-separated list of non-negative values that assigns the proportion of data that each GPU should get in order. For example, "3,2" will assign 60% of the data to GPU 0 and 40% to GPU 1. By default the data is split in proportion to VRAM but this may not be optimal for performance. Requires cuBLAS.
+-   `-lv, --low-vram`: Do not allocate a VRAM scratch buffer for holding temporary results. Reduces VRAM usage at the cost of performance, particularly prompt processing speed. Requires cuBLAS.
+-   `--lora FNAME`: Apply a LoRA (Low-Rank Adaptation) adapter to the model (implies --no-mmap). This allows you to adapt the pretrained model to specific tasks or domains.
+-   `--lora-base FNAME`: Optional model to use as a base for the layers modified by the LoRA adapter. This flag is used in conjunction with the `--lora` flag, and specifies the base model for the adaptation.